!!"#!"#!$ % & ( !))* +! )$!) , !!* # ' The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study & !!" + 0 * .* 1)! 2 / 3 4)5 & - ) * .* %/ & 6!7 8 1 .9!:!!! : ( 8 & & ; 0 & 3 8 : : 8 ( & - &: 1 : 2 & % 8 2 % % < 2 & & & % & 0 3 & & & & 1 & % 8 1 & & & )7 8 & )":.9! % = # > & 2 ) ? 2 @A 8 !!* B ? < & The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study 8 !!"#$%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% & '% # %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ' &% ()" +% *# " -% " *) * * . 0 ")" ")$ 8 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% + #($# , #! %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% . ?%? ")! )%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% '& - ' ? ?C8%F? C?' ?8 %E C?' ) #! 9 . )) ?%( C ' D %(? %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% & * 8@''?% CC%- E ) ! (* # " #($# , !" / !" 9) 9 1 ! ) ) )* %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% '0 ) 2! %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% '0 The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study '% 3 2 : % & & - @A " !6 "!* & 4)5 % .9!:!!! / 1 2 C 8 8 & : = : > 8 & 1 )$9 2 8 % 0 3 ) " ; ? ) 8 % & ( &: & 1 : & & ; && & & # % 2 % & % 2 3 0 ; The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study &% ( ! * # )3: 1# 2 % 2 ):.!!°8 & = * > 6 0 & )! % & G "!! H. * ' 4 % 5 ; ; ; : 6!7 2/ ; "!! % ))!! " :!!! . % # 8 2 1 8 8 )$92 0 & 38 % 0 "!! & " The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study & ( 3 &: *!7 "" 8 1 +!7 & < . & 8 % @A 1 *.7 : +% * ") % < )$7 @A #6 ? % ; ; I % ; 0 3 % ; = )99 2/ > ):"!!° 8 ; & **! 2/ % / ):9!!°8 1 & & & 99!°8: : & & 99!°8 & )6! 2/ / & 0 3 1 *7 $2 F 8 8 ; 99!° 1 $ 2/ & : & % & *7 = &> )$ 2 )$ 2 )7 % & % ):"!!° 8 ; ; 6+" 2/ / 4)99 2/ 5: 4)6!2/ 5 % 99!°8 & )$ A/ : ) & 4)$ 2/ 5 " " The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study & "*" 2/ & " ? ; ; % 1 1 ; G & : > ? 2 = ; % G & 0 3 % & & : : & & ; % 1 G ; ? I J ( ( K ' 18 & 1 & L & I % % 0 G ) 3 J - J * " The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study Fossil Fuel (MWh/day) 250 200 150 100 50 0 210 230 250 270 290 310 Furnace Load (tonnes/day) * & 2 "" 5* ? ) 3 * * ; - & % % I B 8 ? & & B B & ; : % B -% " 5 #6 *) % ; & 0 & % ; 3 & & ? J ( - 4 1 ; ( K ' ; 5 18 & % : 9 " The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study & & * 0 3 8 & & % .97 M # 0 - & & +97 : & *!7 ; ; 3 % & & % ; % & & % : : ; & % % # = # > (& & # & ; & : = * 9 &: 7 / 3 / = > I 8 % # & > : 2 & ( % 9 ':8 ; ( & " . " The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study * + # 5" 2 3 < $ & ). C & & ; & / & % & % : 1 ; % & & & % = > & * 9 &: 1 0 3 7 / 3 / I 8 ( 9 ':8 ( 6 " The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study % & ; !" / ; & .) 2 % " A/ : & 0 3 % 8 & % " - 2/ ; )$92 8 ) *. 2 & 8 - & G 8 8 8 & % ( ) &: & 0 L 0 73 0/ L 0/ L 0/ L 0 2/ L 3 - F ). .* 9 ) *6 ! $$ ! 9. " 3 3 3 3 L )$) # "! $ B +9 ) !$ B ) .* ! *) B ) + ! $ B ) !! )$* B *69 8 2 ? & % & % = > & $ " The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study 5 5 5 * 0 & 3 % & y = 0.5417x + 124.57 Base Data R2 = 0.683 Fuel input (MWh/day) 260 240 220 200 180 160 140 140 160 180 200 220 240 Furnace Load (tonne/day) * - * ) 3 * * ; < 9 & I ? J ( ( K 8 18 ( 4)5 K F = & 18 > 4 5 & ! .7 % + " The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study Option 1 Calculated Fuel Input y = 0.5417x + 124.57 R2 = 0.7958 Fuel input (MWh/day) 260 240 220 200 180 160 140 140 160 180 200 220 240 Furnace Load (tonne/day) * . " 5 3 % ; =%0> < & 1 & . < = & > ( & ) .7 & & Option 2 Minimum Fuel Input y = 0.5529x + 120.19 R2 = 0.7714 Fuel input (MWh/day) 260 240 220 200 180 160 140 140 160 180 200 220 240 Furnace Load (tonne/day) * 0 % / 5 3 & & & ; '%0> < & ) & & ! +7 )7 G " !7 ) " " .7 )! " The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study C & % - " & ). .* 9 !+ ) G 0 8 ? ? % L 3 & & " ) % 0 73 0 73 0 73 ? F & L )$) # "! $ B +9 !B"! )"B". ? 8 * N 0 3 / & & 2 % % & & % 2 "! 2% 0 ):9!!° 83 ! & .!° 83 ?& 0 !#"! & & % 2 & 2 @ & * ) % % ( ; & 0 M & 3 2 ( 2 ; 8 & 2 ; )) " The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study & % & & & % = # & > & L & * % & & % -: 2 : & 1 : : ; - 1 !! 0 3 ) ; & = > 9!7 ) )7 2 0 ) - / 3 ; # # 9!7 )6 2/ * 2 ; " $ "#* 1 % 1 % % 97 & : $ % : ; . ! ! 3 9) & & & & % & 0 % 0 % & & & 3 & 3 & & 1 & & % ) " The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study 1 % & 1 8 % & *: 9 "!! . Input Data Item Furnace Load Electric Boost Nominal Cullet Sand moisture Cullet moisture Age % * Value 300 0 50 6 5 36 Units tpd MWh % % % months O Calculated Data Item Glass Boosted glass Glass Virgin Glass produced Cullet used tpd tpd 237 132 98 MWh MWh MWh Moisture Sand Cullet 2.1 5.9 MWh MWh 9 MWh 9 0 3 "6 ; )7 + Total % Units Holding Heat Batch Glass Cullet Glass % * Value 0 153 148 Energy Age % 1) . & 3 ) )" 9+ / : +$ / 0 9!7 & : & / / Item Fossil Energy Input - daily input Specific Energy consumption (SEC) 0 Value 485 1.62 Units MWh MWH/t 3 )" " The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study % . ; & 0 *$9 / 3 0 ). / 0 3 & 3 9 & ; & 1 6 % & & Furnace Load vs Model Predicted SEC SEC (MWh/t) 1.8 30% Cullet 50% Cullet 1.7 1.6 1.5 70% Cullet 1.4 240 260 280 300 320 340 Furnace load (tonnes/day) < % )7 8 & & & & ( & 1 "!!! "!! - : & )7 9!7 ! = # > & & +*$! / ) ! % : & +"*! & / 97 : )*! / H) L / ; & H):.$! )* " The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study < 2 )9 " The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study 0 ; & ; 0 & 3 & & % ; ) " A/ 0 3 & % & & - & / ! +7 % & # ; & )7 )":.9! & ! +7 & 8 .9!:!!! 8 9:$9! 8 # 2 & & % & 0 3 & % & 2 ; % ; 1 ! 3 % % & 8 % : = : ; & 0 3 % & > % & & & : : & < & ). " Appendix 1 Instruction Sheet page 1 Cullet Furnace Energy Model This spreadsheet programme is designed to predict furnace enegy consumption based on historical data The programme allows changes the operator to invesigate the infulence on furnace energy consumption of the following variables: Furnace load Cullet level Sand moisture Cullet moisture Furnace age Instructions 1 Use the "Input Sheet" to enter daily values of >>> Furnace Load (tpd) Cullet Gas Boost (%) (MWh) (MWh) 2 Use the "Input Sheet" to ammend (if required) default values of sand moisture, cullet moisture, furnace ageing factor and furnace age 3 The programme will automatically calculate the relationships between furnace energy and the various parameters 4 Input the furnace conditions for which en energy prediction is required The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study Appendix 1 Data Input Sheet Page 2 Insert daily furnace data below Data below is automatically calculated from the input data The following data will be used as default but may be overwriten Sand moisture Cullet Moisture Furnace aging factor Furnace age 4 1 2 24 % % % deterioration per year months Cullet Gas Boost (%) (MWh) (MWh) Average 304 24 479 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 279.6 300.3 300.3 300.3 310.5 310.5 310.5 298.5 310.4 310.3 299 297.7 297.7 297.7 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 434.5 465.9 455.3 470.4 479.0 474.0 472.6 459.7 460.8 450.2 430.1 438.3 439.1 451.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.867 0.0756 0.4813 0.665 0.0823 14.6047 237 22.90 #N/A 0.90556 0.1588 2) age factor Input default values - can be varied Furnace Load (tpd) 1) furnace holding heat and cullet constants Programme calculates:- Holding Heat, Batch and Cullet constants Programme calculates age factor Input data:Load, Cullet, Fossil Fuel and Boost -0.234 Load Cullet Virgin (less boost)(less boost)(less boost) (tpd) (tpd) (tpd) 0.686 304 72 232 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 280 300 300 300 311 311 311 299 310 310 299 298 298 298 112 120 120 120 124 124 124 119 124 124 120 119 119 119 168 180 180 180 186 186 186 179 186 186 179 179 179 179 )$ " The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study Appendix 1 Data Input Sheet Page 3a Cullet Furnace Energy Model Methodolgy Tabel 1 Calculated data from historical records Regression Analysis Item Holding Heat Batch Constant Cullet Constant Table 2 Units MWh MWh/tonne MWh/tonne Default values (can be overwritten) Base Data Item Sand moisture Cullet moisture Age Age Factor Cullet base Table 3 Value 237 0.867 0.665 Value 4 1 24 4 45 Units % % months % hh/year % Value 300 0 50 6 5 36 Units tpd MWh % % % months Input data to obtain predicted fuel consumption Input Data Item Furnace Load Electric Boost Nominal Cullet Sand moisture Cullet moisture Age )+ " The Carbon Trust - Cullet Energy Study Appendix 1 Table 4 Data Input Sheet Calculation Routine Calculated Data Item Glass Boosted glass Glass Virgin Glass produced Cullet used Value 0 153 148 Units tpd tpd Energy Holding Heat Batch Glass Cullet Glass 237 132 98 MWh MWh MWh Moisture Sand Cullet 2.1 5.9 MWh MWh 9 MWh Value 485 1.617 Units MWh MWH/t Age Table 5 Page 3b Predicted Energy and SEC values Total Item Fossil Energy Input - daily input Specific Energy consumption (SEC) ! "