© 2014 IJIRT | Volume 1 Issue 6 | ISSN: 2349-6002
DEVELOPMENT OF THREE PHASE TRANSFORMER
TO THE FIVE PHASE TRANSFORMER
Kunal kumar1, Himanshi Mann,Ashutosh Jha
Dronacharya College of Enginering, Gurgaon, India
ABSTRACT
this paper is review about the development of the
three phase transformer to the five phase
transformer. Basically in starting research the
single phase transformer is found but after some
time researcher gave theory of the three phase
transformer. We discussed about the simulation of
five phase transformer from three phase
transformer. In late 1970’s the first five-phase
induction motor drive system was proposed for
adjustable speed drive applications. Since then, a
considerable research effort has been made to
develop a commercially feasible multiphase drive
systems.
INTRODUCTION
Multi phase systems are the main focus of research due
to their inherent advantages compared to their threephase counterparts. The applicability of multiphase
systems is explored in
electric power generation , transmission , and
utilization . The research on six-phase transmission
system was initiated due to the rising cost of right of
way for transmission corridors, environmental issues,
and various stringent licensing laws. Sixphase
transmission lines can provide the same power
capacity with a lower phase-to-phase voltage and
smaller, more compact towers compared to a standard
double-circuit three-phase line. The geometry of the
six-phase compact towers may also aid in the
reduction of magnetic fields as well . The research on
multiphase generators has started recently and only a
few references are available . The present work on
multiphase generation has investigated asymmetrical
six-phase (two sets of stator windings with 30 phase
displacement) induction generator configuration as the
solution for use in renewable energy generation. As far
as multiphase motor drives are concerned, the first
proposal was given by Ward and Harrer way back in
1969 and since then, the research was slow and steady
until the end of the last century.
IJIRT 100932
Three Phase Transformer Basics
Thus far we have looked at the construction and
operation of the single-phase, two winding voltage
transformer which can be used increase or decrease its
secondary voltage with respect to the primary supply
voltage. But voltage transformers can also be
constructed for connection to not only one single
phase, but for two-phases, three-phases, six-phases
and even elaborate combinations up to 24-phases for
some DC rectification transformers.
If we take three single-phase transformers and connect
their primary windings to each other and their
secondary windings to each other in a fixed
configuration, we can use the transformers on a threephase supply.
Three Phase Transformer Construction We have said
previously that the three-phase transformer is
effectively three interconnected single phase
transformers on a single laminated core and
considerable savings in cost, size and weight can be
achieved by combining the three windings onto a
single magnetic circuit as shown.
A three-phase transformer generally has the three
INTERNATONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY
1567
© 2014 IJIRT | Volume 1 Issue 6 | ISSN: 2349-6002
magnetic circuits that are interlaced to give a uniform
distribution of the dielectric flux between the high and
low voltage windings. The exception to this rule is a
three-phase shell type transformer. In the shell type of
construction, even though the three cores are together,
they are non-interlaced
The three-limb core-type three-phase transformer is
the most common method of three-phase transformer
construction allowing the phases to be magnetically
linked. Flux of each limb uses the other two limbs for
its return path with the three magnetic flux’s in the
core generated by the line voltages differing in timephase by 120 degrees. Thus the flux in the core
remains nearly sinusoidal, producing a sinusoidal
secondary supply voltage.
The shell-type five-limb type three-phase transformer
construction is heavier and more expensive to build
than the core-type. Five-limb cores are generally used
for very large power transformers as they can be made
with reduced height. A shell-type transformers core
materials, electrical windings, steel enclosure and
cooling are much the same as for the larger singlephase types.


Configurations
Transformer Delta and Delta Connections
Transformer star and star connections
WINDING ARRANGEMENT FOR FIVE-PHASE
STAR OUTPUT
Three separate cores are designed with each carrying
one primary and three secondary coils, except in one
core where only two secondary coils are used. Six
terminals of primaries are connected in an appropriate
manner resulting in star and/or delta connections and
the 16 terminals of secondaries are connected in a
different fashion resulting in star or polygon output.
The connection scheme of secondary windings to
obtain a star output is illustrated in Fig. 2. The
construction of output phases with requisite phase
angles of 72 degrees between each phase is obtained
using appropriate turn ratios, and the governing phasor
equations are illustrated in (1)–(10). The turn ratios are
different in each phase. The choice of turn ratio is the
key in creating the requisite phase displacement in the
output phases.
Three Phase Voltages and Currents
A transformer can not act as a phase changing device
and change single-phase into three-phase or threephase into single phase. To make the transformer
connections compatible with three-phase supplies we
need to connect them together in a particular way to
form a Three Phase Transformer Configuration.
v
Three Phase Transformer Connections
 Three Phase Transformer Star and Delta
IJIRT 100932
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
sin (
sin (
sin (
sin (
sin (
sin (
sin (
) … (2)
+2 5) … (3)
+4 5) … (4)
−4 5) … (5)
−2 5) … (6)
) … (7)
+2 3) … (8)
INTERNATONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY
1568
© 2014 IJIRT | Volume 1 Issue 6 | ISSN: 2349-6002
=
sin
(
−2 3)
…
(9)
SIMULATION RESULTS
In the transformer modeling the input phases are
indicated with letters “x”, “y”, “z”, and the put phases
are indicated with letters “A”, “B”, “C”, “D” and “E”.
As illustrated in Fig.03, the output phase “A”is along
phase “X”. The output phase “B” is the sum of
voltages in phse “c6c5” and “b1b2”, similarly “C” is
obtained from “a4a3” and “b3b4”. The output phase
“D” is obtained by the phasor addition of voltages in
“a4a3”and “c1c2” and similarly output phase “E”
results from the phasor sum of the winding voltages
“c3c4” and “b6b5”. In this way the five phases are
obtained from three phase to five phase
The first simulated is the design of a transformer by
using the “simpowersystem” . there is an inbuilt
transformer to simulate the concept of the design. The
apporiprate turn ratio are set in a dialog box which is
show in the table number 1. The simulated is run and
this table is shown in fig. 4. And the resulting wave
form in the for of input or output are shown in fig. 5.
In this we can clearly see the balanced five-phase
supply for a three phase input. Individual output phase
are also shown along with there input repectively.
By examing the simulation graph the output of the
three phase transformer is 300v and the output of five
phase transformer is also 300v. The voltage of output
simulation can be adjustable bt taps of auto
transformer. For balanced output there must be a
balanced input. The output and input voltage are
waveform under no-load steady condition are recorded
as
shown
in
fig.
5
and
fig.
6
FIG. 5 OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF THREE PHASE
TRANSFORMER
TABLE NO.1
Primary
Primary X
Primary Y
Secondary
Turn ratio
SWG
a 1a 2
1
17
a 4a 3
0.47
15
b 1b 2
0.68
17
b 4b 3
0.858
17
FIG. 6 OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF FIVE PHASE
TRANSFORMER
IJIRT 100932
INTERNATONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY
1569
© 2014 IJIRT | Volume 1 Issue 6 | ISSN: 2349-6002
PRIMARY Z
b 5b 6
0.24
17
c 1c 2
0.68
17
c 4c 3
0.858
17
c 5c 6
0.24
17
economics: Constructing a newtransmission line,”
IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 1521–
1526, Oct. 1998.
[12]http://www.electronicstutorials.ws/transformer/three-phase-transformer.html
[13]
http://www.ijser.org/researchpaper%5CDevelopment
-of-Three-phase-to-five-phase-Transformer-using-anovel-technique.pdf
[14]
http://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s
&frm=1&source=web&cd=4&ved=0CDIQFjAD&url
=http%3A%2F%2Ftheglobaljournals.com%2Fijsr%2
Ffile.php%3Fval%3DMarch_2013_1362231211_c12
da_49.pdf&ei=IoFoVJuoN4i2uATgwYCIBA&usg=
AFQjCNEmWuIIwMMW20RBK2TYdTe7jE3gWg
&sig2=B8UbA1pvPgsCBJY8IVIJiA&bvm=bv.7914
2246,d.c2E
[15]http://www.electronicstutorials.ws/transformer/three-phase-transformer.html
REFERENCES
[1] E. E. Ward and H. Harer, “Preliminary
investigation of an inverter-fed 5-phase induction
motor,” Proc. Inst. Elect. Eng., vol. 116, no. 6, 1969.
[2] D. Basic, J. G. Zhu, and G. Boardman, “Transient
performance study of brushless doubly fed twin stator
generator,” IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 18, no.
3, pp. 400–408, Jul. 2003.
[3] G. K. Singh, “Self excited induction generator
research- a survey,” Elect. Power Syst. Res., vol. 69,
pp. 107–114, 2004.
[4] O. Ojo and I. E. Davidson, “PWM-VSI inverterassisted stand-alone dual stator winding induction
generator,” IEEE Trans Ind. Appl., vol. 36, no. 6, pp.
1604–1611, Nov./Dec. 2000.
[5] G. K. Singh, K. B. Yadav, and R. P. Saini,
“Modelling and analysis of multiphase (six-phase)
self-excited induction generator,” in Proc. Eight Int.
Conf. on Electric Machines and Systems, China, 2005,
pp. 1922–1927.
[6] J. R. Stewart and D. D.Wilson, “High phase order
transmission- a feasibility analysis Part-I-Steady state
considerations,” IEEE Trans. Power App. Syst., vol.
PAS-97, no. 6, pp. 2300–2307, Nov. 1978.
[7] J. R. Stewart and D. D. Wilson, “High phase order
transmission- a feasibility analysis Part-II-Over
voltages and insulation requirements,” IEEE Trans.
Power App. Syst., vol. PAS-97, no. 6, pp. 2308–2317,
Nov. 1978.
[8] J. R. Stewart, E. Kallaur, and J. S. Grant,
“Economics of EHV high phase order transmission,”
IEEE Trans. Power App. Syst., vol. PAS- 103, no. 11,
pp. 3386–3392, Nov. 1984.
[9] S. N. Tewari, G. K. Singh, and A. B. Saroor,
“Multiphase power transmission research-a survey,”
Elect. Power Syst. Res., vol. 24, pp. 207–215, 1992.
[10] C. M. Portela and M. C. Tavares, “Six-phase
transmission line-propagation characteristics and new
three-phase representation,” IEEE Trans. Power Del.,
vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 1470–1483, Jul. 1993.
[11] T. L. Landers, R. J. Richeda, E. Krizanskas, J. R.
Stewart, and R. A. Brown, “High phase order
IJIRT 100932
INTERNATONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY
1570