CONTROL THE AIR YOU BREATHE
CEILING DIFFUSERS
technical
types -CD, CAB
Europair Africa
a division of Performancair Products Africa (Pty) Ltd
tel +27 11 974 2425
fax +27 11 974 7251
web www.europair-africa.com
email: info@europair-africa.com
Cnr. Grader and Vuurslag
Spartan Ext. 3
Kempton Park
Johannesburg
CEILING DIFFUSERS
Details
02
FIXED BLADE CEILING DIFFUSER - CD
• Versatility is the key to why the popular directional or
pattern-type diffusers are being used so widely for so many
different applications.
• Recommended for heating, ventilation, and cooling, the
directional type diffuser provides directed air diffusion,
channelling the designed amount of conditioned air into the
areas where it is needed.
• Available in a wide range of sizes, both square and
rectangular.
• There's the choice of one, two, three, four way patterns
segmented in rectangular, corner, "y" or diagonal
configurations.
• This takes care of and permits changes as the use or
arrangement of conditioned space is varied.
• The desired versatility is designed into the diffusers. Offered
exclusively in extruded aluminium, the diffuser models
provide the best robustness and durability combined with
inflamibility in directed air diffusion.
• The core is easily removable for access to the duct.
• The frame and core are constructed of 1.25mm
thickness extruded aluminium.
• All models can be supplied with a surface finish off
temperature-set white powder coated paint preceded by a
seven-stage preparation process of degreasing, acid
bathing and passivation.
• This process ensures proper paint adhesion which provides
long lasting aesthetics and durability.
• To enhance the appearance of the units, the finest available
paints are used which can be matched to your colour
requirements.
• Optional aluminium paint is available at no extra charge.
• There are two frames available depending on the
application in use.
• The flat frame is standard whilst a bevelled frame can be
supplied on request.
ADJUSTABLE BLADE CEILING DIFFUSER - CAB
• Further versatility is added to the diffuser range by way of
adjustable blades.
• A similar range of blow patterns as for fixed ceiling diffusers
are available.
• Adjustable blades allows ultimate control in the direction of
flows.
FEATURES
• All Aluminium construction offers exceptional
quality and performance.
• Light in weight. yet strong and durable.
• Wide range of sizes, both square and rectangular,
• Other finishes available upon request.
• Complete selection data to ensure quiet,
draft less air distribution.
• Tested and rated in accordance with
specifications.
CONTROL THE AIR YOU BREATHE
CEILING DIFFUSERS
Details
• The performance data which follows permits
quick, easy and accurate selection of diffusers.
• Two groups of data are required for selection.
• The first group is that established by the structural
and room-use considerations.
• The second group consists of the performance
characteristics of the diffusers.
• Consider first the spaces which are to be conditioned and their effects upon outlet selection.
AIR FLOW
• The performance data which follows permits
quick, easy and accurate selection of diffusers.
• Two groups of data are required for selection.
• The first group is that established by the structural
and room-use considerations.
• The second group consists of the performance
characteristics of the diffusers.
• Consider first the spaces which are to be conditioned and their effects upon outlet selection.
TABLE 1 - Recommended NC Level Design
Goals
NC LEVEL
• The permissible sound level in each space may
be specified by the owner or the architect, or it
may be determined as an engineering design
goal. Table 1 contains an abbreviated list of
design goals for air-conditioning sound control in
common occupancies.
03
Pattern Requirement
• The pattern requirement is determined by the
shape of the space to be conditioned, the
number of diffusers in it, and the type and
location of lighting fixtures or other devices
mounted on the ceiling.
• For example a two-way opposite 2A, 2B or 2C might be used in a corridor.
• A larger area can often be divided into squares
or rectangles of nearly equal size and, if a
diffuser can be located in the center of each of
these areas, patterns 4A or 4B could be used for
four-way delivery.
Throw Requirement
• The required throw is determined from the
building plan after the diffuser location has been
decided.
• The throw requirement is the distance from the
diffuser to the nearest enclosing wall.
• In some cases the throw requirement will be the
distance from the diffuser to the intersection of its
air stream with air being delivered from another
diffuser.
• For high ceiling applications, the throw requirement may be measured as the horizontal
distance described above plus the vertical
distance from the diffuser to occupied zone.
• This is usually considered to extend to the 1,5m
level in the room.
• Another consideration is diffuser mounting
height.
• As air travels from a diffuser, room air is entrained
into the supply air stream and the delivery
pattern thickens. If the throw requirement is too
great, the lower part of the supply air stream
can intrude into the occupied zone of the
conditioned space.
• To avoid this, diffusers should be located so that
the throw requirement is no greater than 1.5
times the diffuser mounting height.
• For example, in a space with a 3.6m ceiling
height diffusers should be so located and in such
numbers that the required throw of any one
diffuser Vi/auld not exceed 5.5m.
• The final consideration is the pressure loss of the
diffuser.
CONTROL THE AIR YOU BREATHE
CEILING DIFFUSERS
Details
TABLE 2 - Recommended Max
Throw Requirement
• The basic selection data in Tables to follow for all
directional diffusers.
• The table list performance data as a function of
the air velocity in the neck of the diffuser.
• It lists several sizes for each core pattern and
gives the neck area, expressed in m2, for each
diffuser size. Performance factors listed are the
air volume delivered through the diffuser, the NC
level, the air volume delivered through each
side of the diffuser, and two values of throw.
• The values of throw shown in the Tables are
bases upon studies of air motion in the occupied
zone under conditions of cooling system
operation.
04
• When a diffuser is equipped with an opposed
blade damper (OBD), both the total pressure
requirement and the NC level increase.
• The OBD increases the total pressure requirement of a diffuser by 10 percent.
• The NC addition, when the OBD is wide open,
can be determined from Table 4.
• When the OBD is throttled, the NC factor for the
throttled damper can be determined from
Figure 17.
• The opposed blade action of the damper
permits equal distribution of air over the entire
face of the diffuser. The operating mechanism
provides for positive damper setting in a position
from fully open to fully closed.
• See holes on OBD for additional information.
ADDITION TO OPEN DAMPER NC
TABLE 3 - Velocity Pressure
• The allowance in the design of the system for
outlet pressure loss should not be exceeded by
the diffuser pressure loss.
• The room velocity, YR, should not exceed O.6m!s
when the diffuser selection is based upon
minimal throw.
• When diffuser selection is based upon maximum
throw, the room velocity, YR, should not exceed
O.4m!s. The tabulated values of throw apply for
diffusers mounted in a ceiling.
• Selection data are given for neck velocities
ranging from 1.5 to 3.5m!s
• Also listed are values of total pressure drop
through the diffuser at each of these neck
velocities.
• The total pressure requirement is the sum of the
static pressure drop of the air as it passes through
the diffuser and the velocity pressure of their air
at the neck of the diffuser.
• If the static pressure is required, it can be determined by subtracting the velocity pressure from
the total pressure.
TABLE 4 - NC ADDITION FOR DIRECTIONAL
DIFFUSER WITH OBD.
CONTROL THE AIR YOU BREATHE
CEILING DIFFUSERS
Type - CD
Dimensions: "D"
Celing Opening
Over Flange
= Outside Neck
= "D" + lOmm
= "D" + 120mm
Dimensions: "D"
Celing Opening
Over Flange
= Outside Neck
= "D" + 75mm
= "D" + 130mm
05
TYPE CD: Ceiling Diffusers manufactured from Anodised Aluminium with Removeable Cores
PB
CP
=
=
Note
Opposed Blade
Damper remains in
position when core
is removed
Plenum Box with spigot
Ceiling Plate
Frame Options
SF
=
Standard Flat
Finish Options
NA
=
Natural Anodised
EPC
=
Epoxy Powder Coating
38mm Standard
Accessories
OBD
Blade Spacing:
=
SB
1.
=
2.
3.
“PB” Fits over neck of CD +/-2mm
clearance all round
“CP” Fixed to neck of CD on
request only
Refer selection data for standard
size (increments 76mm)
Standard Bevel on request only
Type CD:
Ceiling Diffuser available in
a choice of air distribution
patterns.
Note:
T1 is always longer than T2
except in 3A where T1 = T2
All flow patterns are given
looking at Diffuser face
Ordering Procedure: Example
Note: (1)
(2)
Dimensions given are Outside Neck Size - "D"
Type CD Core 3A indicates Ceiling Diffuser with 3 way blow core
CONTROL THE AIR YOU BREATHE
CEILING DIFFUSERS
Type - CD
Dimensions: "D"
Celing Opening
Over Flange
= Outside Neck
= "D" + lOmm
= "D" + 120mm
Dimensions: "D"
Celing Opening
Over Flange
= Outside Neck
= "D" + 75mm
= "D" + 130mm
06
TYPE CD: Ceiling Diffusers manufactured from Anodised Aluminium with Removeable Cores
PB
CP
=
=
Note
Opposed Blade
Damper remains in
position when core
is removed
Plenum Box with spigot
Ceiling Plate
Frame Options
SF
=
Standard Flat
Finish Options
NA
=
Natural Anodised
EPC
=
Epoxy Powder Coating
38mm Standard
Accessories
OBD
Blade Spacing:
=
SB
1.
=
2.
3.
“PB” Fits over neck of CD +/-2mm
clearance all round
“CP” Fixed to neck of CD on
request only
Refer selection data for standard
size (increments 76mm)
Standard Bevel on request only
Type CD:
Ceiling Diffuser available in
a choice of air distribution
patterns.
Note:
T1 is always longer than T2
except in 3A where T1 = T2
All flow patterns are given
looking at Diffuser face
Ordering Procedure: Example
Note: (1)
(2)
Dimensions given are Outside Neck Size - "D"
Type CD Core 3A indicates Ceiling Diffuser with 3 way blow core
CONTROL THE AIR YOU BREATHE
CEILING DIFFUSERS
Type - CD
07
General Notes On Selection
(i) "TOTAL VOLUME" means Total Volume per outlet.
(ii) "THROW MIN-MAX" is to a terminal velocity of 0.75 m/s at Minimum throw and 0, 25rn1s at maximum throw.
(iii) "VOLUME T1/T2" means volume per side i.e. T1/T2 = 0,092/0,040 means Volume on T1 = 0,092 and Volume on
T2 = 0, 040
(iv) "T1 is always longer than "T2" except on type 3A where T1 = T2.
(v) Noise Levels:
"A" = Up to 30 dbA
"B" = 31 to 40 dbA
"C" = 41 to 50 dbA
(vi) Ordering:
When ordering T1 (longest side) is always given first
(vii) Sizes shown refer to over outside neck.
(viii) For sizes not shown please contact nearest sales office.
(ix) Selection Example:
Problem: Select a 4 way blow diffuser to delivery 0,25 m3/s with a throw of 3,5m in all directions.
Solution: Use Size 381 x 381 Core 4A, Pressure drop = 15 N/m2. Noise level = A.
Performace Data
CONTROL THE AIR YOU BREATHE
CEILING DIFFUSERS
Type - CD
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Performace Data (Continued)
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Type - CD
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Performace Data (Continued)
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Type - CD
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Performace Data (Continued)
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Type - CD
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Performace Data (Continued)
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Type - CD
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Performace Data (Continued)
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CEILING DIFFUSERS
Type - CD
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Performace Data (Continued)
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Type - CD
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Performace Data (Continued)
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Type - CD
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Performace Data (Continued)
CONTROL THE AIR YOU BREATHE
CEILING DIFFUSERS
Ceiling Plate - CP
16
Type CP: Ceiling Plate manufactured of electro galvanized flat sheet for installation in lay-in "T" Bar suspended
ceiling system.
It is easily relocated to meet changing space requirements.
It also fits all common suspended grid ceilings, and are available with epoxy powder coating finish to your
colour requirements.
Ordering Procedure - Example
CONTROL THE AIR YOU BREATHE
CEILING DIFFUSERS
Type - CAB
TYPE CAB:
17
Curved Adjustable Blades - Ceiling Diffuser Manufactured of extruded type 50S Anodising Grade
Aluminium with individually adjustable blade. The blades are held in place by plastic friction
grommets or wire.
Accessories
PCS
OBD
PB
CP
=
=
=
=
Frame Options
30mm Standard
20mm
50mm
Finish Options
WS
NA
Blade Spacing:
19mm Standard
=
=
Punched Counter Sunk Holes
Opposed Blade Damper
Plenum Box with spigot
Ceiling Plate
ON
OS
OP
=
=
=
Over Neck
Over Flange
Opening or Normal Duct Size
Wet Spray Colour
Natuaral Anodised Aluminium
Type CAB - Ceiling Diffuser available in a choice of Air Distribution Patterns
Note: H1 is always longer than H2
All Flow Patterns are given looking at difuuser face
Ordering Procedure - Example
Note: (1)
(2)
Dimensions given are for over Flange size
Type CAB Core 2A indicates CAB with two way blow
CONTROL THE AIR YOU BREATHE
CEILING DIFFUSERS
Type - CAB
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GENERAL NOTES ON SELECTIONS
A) TOTAL VOLUME MEANS TOTAL VOLUME PER OUTLET - m3/sec.
B) THROW MIN-MAX IS TO A TERMINAL VELOCITY OF 0.64 MIS MINIMUM THROW AND 0.031 MIS AT
MAXIMUM THROW.
C) VOLUME HI + H2 MEANS VOLUME PER RESPECTIVE SIDE.
D) HI IS ALWAYS LARGER THAN H2 , EXCEPT ON TYPE 3A WHERE Hl=H2.
E) NOISE (NC) LEVEL
A = 0-30
B = 31-35
C = 36-40
D = 41-45
SELECTION OF CURVED ADJUSTABLE BLADE GRILLE IS BASED UPON THROW AND M3/S REQUIREMENTS. THE
THROW, M3/S AND PRESSURE DROP APPLY WHEN THE INDIVIDUAL BLADES ARE ADJUSTED IN THE MANNER
ILLUSTRATED BELOW. OTHER BLADE SETTINGS WILL PROVIDE SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT THROWS AND AIR
DELIVERIES.
THE M3/S TABULATED IS THE VOLUME DELIVERED BY THE GRILLE. BALANCING OF CURVED BLADE IS ACCOMPLISHED BY MEASURING FACE VELOCITY. THE MEASURED VELOCITY CAN BE CORRELATED TO TABULATED FACE
VELOCITY AND M3/S WHEN THE BLADES ADJUSTMENT IS THAT AS ILLUSTRATED.
THE PERFORMANCE OF RECTANGULAR GRILLES WITH AREAS EQUAL TO SQUARE GRILLES, WILL BE THE SAME.
CONTROL THE AIR YOU BREATHE
CEILING DIFFUSERS
Type - CAB
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SELECTION DATA
CORE PATTERN
CONTROL THE AIR YOU BREATHE
CEILING DIFFUSERS
Type - CAB
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SELECTION DATA
CORE PATTERN
CONTROL THE AIR YOU BREATHE
CEILING DIFFUSERS
Type - CAB
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SELECTION DATA
CORE PATTERN
CONTROL THE AIR YOU BREATHE
CEILING DIFFUSERS
Type - CAB
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SELECTION DATA
CORE PATTERN
CONTROL THE AIR YOU BREATHE