ABOUT II-VI INFRARED
II-VI Infrared is a business unit of II-VI Incorporated, a
global leader in engineered materials and optoelectronic
components.
Founded in 1971, II-VI Incorporated began by exclusively
producing the highest-quality cadmium telluride (CdTe)
material available for manufacturing high-power industrial
CO2 laser optics. Today, II-VI Incorporated has diversified
into numerous business units including laser tools for
materials processing (HIGHYAG); near-infrared optics, YAG
components, and telecommunications components (VLOC);
fiber optics, projection and display optics, DPSS laser, crystal
materials, and other photonics products (Photop); defense
and aerospace optics (Exotic Electro-Optics); tellurium and
selenium products (PRM); thermoelectric cooling devices
(Marlow Industries); silicon carbide (II-VI WBG); and
advanced materials development (II-VI AMDC). Given this
diversity of II-VI Incorporated’s business units, to set the
original IR materials and optics business unit apart from the
corporate whole, it was christened II-VI Infrared.
As II-VI Incorporated continues to grow, II-VI Infrared focuses
on the company’s original, industry-leading products: infrared
and CO2 laser optics and materials. And thanks to decades
of innovation in zinc selenide (ZnSe) and zinc sulfide (ZnS)
materials processing, thin-film coating, precision diamondturning, and finished optics fabrication, II-VI Infrared is the
world leader in CO2 laser optics, delivering an unbeatable
Contents
Plano-Convex Lenses
4
Meniscus Lenses
5
6
MP-5® Ultra-Low Absorption Lenses
Output Couplers
7
Rear Mirrors
8
Plano and Spherical Mirrors
9
Reflective Phase Retarders
10-11
Absorbing Thin-Film Reflector (ATFR) 12-13
IR Optics Handling & Cleaning
14-18
CO2 Laser Optics Cleaning Kit
19
Absorption
20-21
Lens Stress Analyzer (LSA)
22
Nozzles & Accessories
23
Worldwide Sales Offices
back cover
2-3
combination of innovation, quality, and experience. II-VI
Infrared also delivers the largest vertically integrated CO2
laser optics manufacturing process -- from raw materials to
finished coated products -- in the world.
An optics foundry to CO2 laser original equipment
manufacturers (OEMs) the world over, consistently building
optics to spec with consistent performance and quality, IIVI Infrared’s products range from replacement CO2 laser
optics and nozzles to lenses, partial reflectors, windows,
beamsplitters, mirrors, beam expanders, reflective phase
retarders, scanning-laser system optics, diamond-turned
custom optics, and more. Our products and reputation
make us the number-one supplier to OEMs of CO2 laser
systems worldwide, while our capabilities are without rival in
the industry.
Our diamond-turning facility is among the largest and most
advanced in the world, offering services such as flycutting
and multiple-axis turning, as well as fast and slow tool servos
for custom optics. Single-point diamond-turning is used
in finishing transmissive optics and mirrors in a variety of
metals and IR materials.
Major investments in computer design programs, thin film
evaporation equipment, clean rooms, and QA testing facilities
enable us to offer a broad range of IR thin-film coatings. II-VI
Infrared is known for designing and producing consistently
low-absorption coatings for high-power CO2 laser optics.
Additionally, our talented and experienced engineering
team, using optical design software and CAD systems, designs
and builds standard and custom optics as well as specialized
mounts, components, and electro-optic assemblies.
Our quality assurance program includes comprehensive
testing, documentation, and statistical analysis to ensure
that each optic and component performs to customer
requirements.
OUR OPTICS MANUFACTURING FACILITIES
II-VI Infrared –– Global Headquarters
Saxonburg, PA USA
II-VI Singapore Pte., Ltd.
Singapore
II-VI Optics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd
Suzhou, P.R. China
PLANO-CONVEX LENSES
Specifications
Standards
Dimensional Tolerance
Diameter: +0.000"/-0.005"
Thickness: +_ 0.010"
Edge Thickness Variation (ETV)
<
_ 0.0005"
Clear Aperture (polished)
90% of diameter
Surface Figure
at 0.63µm
Plano: 1 fringe
½ fringe
Power
Irregularity
Radius: Power and irregularity
vary depending upon radius
Scratch-Dig
20-10
AR Coating Reflectivity per Surface
at 10.6µm
<
_ 0.20%
Plano-convex lenses, the most economical
transmissive focusing elements available, are
ideally suited for laser heat treating, welding,
cutting, and infrared radiation collection where
spot size or image quality is not critical. They
are also the economical choice in high f-number,
diffraction limited systems where lens shape has
virtually no effect on system performance.
For proper performance with a plano-convex
lens, the curved surface should face toward the
incoming collimated beam or the longer conjugate
distance (the object and image distances together
are referred to as the conjugate distance).
Besides the plano-convex, meniscus, and aspheric
lens shapes offered in this catalog, II-VI routinely
fabricates biconvex and negative focal length
lenses upon request.
Focal Working
Diameter
Length Distance Edge Thickness
Part # Description inches (mm) inches inches inches (mm)
696289
561067
774048
941031
578662
227092
658108
464497
306068
618938
304725
741363
870676
892020
232771
781603
541344
628275
243827
236670
4-5
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.5
2.5
27.94
27.94
27.94
38.1
38.1
38.1
38.1
38.1
38.1
38.1
50.8
50.8
50.8
50.8
50.8
50.8
50.8
50.8
63.5
63.5
2.5
5.0
7.5
5.0
5.0
5.0
7.5
7.5
5.0
5.0
7.5
7.5
8.75
10.0
8.75
10.0
5.0
7.5
5.0
7.5
-
0.085
0.160
0.106
0.280
0.300
0.236
0.310
0.280
0.300
0.310
0.310
0.380
0.380
0.310
0.380
0.380
0.310
0.310
0.310
0.390
2.16
4.06
2.69
7.11
7.62
5.99
7.87
7.11
7.62
7.87
7.87
9.65
9.65
7.87
9.65
9.65
7.87
7.87
7.87
9.90
Note
Mounting services are available for planoconvex lenses. Contact a II-VI sales
representative for more information.
Contact a II-VI sales representative for exact
specifications.
MENISCUS LENSES
Specifications
Standards
Dimensional Tolerance
Diameter: +0.000"/-0.005"
Thickness: +_0.010"
Edge Thickness Variation (ETV)
<
_ 0.0005"
Clear Aperture (polished)
90% of diameter
Surface Figure (power/irregularity)
at 0.63µm
Varies depending upon radius
Scratch-Dig
20-10
AR Coating Reflectivity per Surface
at 10.6µm
<
_ 0.20%
Part #
566650
932739
801758
285767
831393
120216
698637
507790
406294
767963
452726
784964
702232
570721
206326
935669
695399
296875
490154
596352
286449
Description
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
Diameter
Focal Length
inches (mm)
inches
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.5
2.5
2.5
27.94
27.94
27.94
38.1
38.1
38.1
38.1
38.1
38.1
38.1
38.1
38.1
38.1
38.1
50.8
50.8
50.8
50.8
63.5
63.5
63.5
1.5
2.5
5.0
2.5
3.75
5.0
7.5
5.0
5.0
5.0
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
5.0
5.0
7.5
10.0
5.0
7.5
10.0
Meniscus lenses are designed to minimize
spherical aberration, producing a minimum focal
spot size for incoming collimated light.
In addition to the standard focal lengths listed
below, II-VI maintains an extensive inventory of
test plates and tooling, resulting in no additional
tooling charges for focal length fabrication.
Edge Thickness
inches (mm)
0.085
0.085
0.085
0.085
0.290
0.354
0.354
0.236
0.290
0.354
0.125
0.236
0.290
0.354
0.378
0.100
0.380
0.100
0.160
0.160
0.160
2.16
2.16
2.16
2.16
7.37
8.99
8.99
5.99
7.37
8.99
3.18
5.99
7.37
8.99
9.60
2.54
9.65
2.54
4.06
4.06
4.06
Note
Mounting services are available for meniscus
lenses. Contact a II-VI sales representative for
more information.
Contact a II-VI sales representative for exact
specifications.
MP-5® ULTRA-LOW ABSORPTION LENS
THE BEST ... NOW EVEN BETTER. II-VI Infrared’s MP-5 is an ultralow absorbing lens that ships directly from the factory as a standard
OEM CO2 laser component. Its superior features include a patented
coating design enabling lower thermal distortion, visible transmission
for reduced set-up time, and easy detection of thermally induced stress.
The MP-5 is backed by over a decade of proven performance, and this
ultra-low absorbing lens is designed, produced, and supported by II-VI
Infrared, the world leader in CO2 laser optics.
A specially coated zinc selenide (ZnSe) focusing lens, the MP-5 is
available in both 1.5” and 2.0” diameters, and ships in standard
replacement lens configurations for most popular OEM laser models.
Specifications
Standards
Absorption
<_ 0.13%
< 0.10% (typical)
Dimensional Tolerance
Diameter: +0.000"/-0.005"
Thickness: +_ 0.010"
Edge Thickness Variation (ETV)
_ 0.0005"
<
Clear Aperture (polished)
90% of lens diameter
Scratch-Dig
40-20
Part #
Description
794914
204518
106106
383862
635061
392125
528717
312503
123397
714512
474644
602033
ZnSe PO/CX*
ZnSe PO/CX*
ZnSe PO/CX*
ZnSe PO/CX*
ZnSe PO/CX*
ZnSe PO/CX*
ZnSe Meniscus
ZnSe Meniscus
ZnSe Meniscus
ZnSe Meniscus
ZnSe Meniscus
ZnSe Meniscus
Diameter
inches (mm)
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
2.0
2.0
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
38.1
38.1
38.1
38.1
50.8
50.8
38.1
38.1
38.1
38.1
38.1
38.1
Note
Mounting services are available for MP-5 ®
lenses. Contact a II-VI sales representative for
more information.
Focal
Length
inches
5.2
7.7
5.0
7.5
7.5
7.5
5.0
5.0
5.0
7.5
7.5
7.5
*PO/CX is plano convex
Contact a II-VI sales representative for exact specifications.
6-7
Edge Thickness
inches (mm)
0.280
0.280
0.300
0.300
0.310
0.380
0.236
0.290
0.354
0.236
0.290
0.354
7.11
7.11
7.62
7.62
7.88
9.65
5.99
7.37
8.99
5.99
7.37
8.99
* PO/CX is plano convex.
Contact a II-VI sales representative for exact
specifications.
OUTPUT COUPLERS
Partial reflectors are commonly used as laser output couplers or beam
attenuators.
For your convenience, II-VI maintains commonly used coatings and
substrate radii of curvature in inventory. Specifications for these products
are indicated on this page. For available special substrate sizes and
coatings, please contact a II-VI sales representative for a quotation.
Laser output couplers often require a slightly wedged substrate to
eliminate interference from multiple reflections inside the component.
If you require a specific wedge value, please specify this when
ordering.
Standards
Specifications
Dimensional Tolerances
Diameter
Thickness (plano)
Thickness (radiused)
+0.000"/-0.005"
+0.005"/-0.010"
+0.010"
_
Parallelism
Plano
Radiused, Diameter < 1"
Radiused, Diameter _> 1"
<_ 3 arc minutes
<_ 10 arc minutes
<_ 5 arc minutes
90% of diameter
Clear Aperture (polished)
Surface Figure (power/irregularity)
at 0.63µm
1 fringe/½ fringe
(varies depending upon radius)
Plano
Radiused
Surface-Dig
20-10
Side 1: Reflectivity Tolerance
at 10.6µm
1% to 5%: +0.5%R
_
6% to 85%: +3%
_
86% to 95%: _+1.5%
Side 2: AR Coating Reflectivity
at 10.6µm
<_ 0.20%
Part #
Description
Diameter
inches (mm)
988175
774314
132098
346822*
554288
187879
120765
903007
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
ZnSe
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.181
1.5
1.5
1.5
2.0
25.4
25.4
27.94
30.0
38.1
38.1
38.1
50.8
Edge Thickness
inches (mm)
0.236
0.236
0.220
0.236
0.236
0.236
0.236
0.300
*MP-5 type coating
**M is meter, CC is concave, CX is convex, PO is plano
***UC is uncoated
Contact a II-VI sales representative for exact specifications.
5.99
5.99
5.59
5.99
5.99
5.99
5.99
7.62
Note
96% to 98%: +1%
_
99%: +0.2%
_
99.5%: +0.2%
_
Reflectivity
Radius**
Side 1/Side 2
65%
50%
50%
50%
30%
UC***
30%
48%
30MCC/30MCX
PO/PO
20MCC/15MCX
30MCC/30MCX
10MCC/10MCX
10MCC/15MCX
20MCC/PO
30MCC/20MCX
Mounting services are
available for output
couplers. Contact a IIVI sales representative
for more information.
* MP-5 type coating.
** M is meter, CC is concave,
PO is plano, CX is convex.
*** UC is uncoated
Contact a II-VI sales
representative for exact
specifications.
REAR MIRRORS
Rear mirrors, typically GaAs, Ge, or ZnSe, are partial reflectors with a
very high reflection-to-transmission ratio (99.0 to 99.7%), and are key
optical components in laser resonators or laser cavities. Rear mirrors,
like output couplers, are a part of the lasing process. Thus, high
reflectivity is desired. The slight transmission of rear mirrors is used
in conjunction with power meters to test for laser resonator output
power.
When laser resonator designs require rear mirrors to be total reflectors,
Si, Cu, or Mo substrates are used, the latter being typically uncoated.
Standards
Specifications
Dimensional Tolerances
Diameter
Thickness (plano)
Thickness (radiused)
+0.000"/-0.005"
+0.005"/-0.010"
+0.010"
_
Parallelism
Plano
Radiused, Diameter < 1"
Radiused, Diameter _> 1"
6-10 arc minutes
6-10 arc minutes
6-10 arc minutes
90% of diameter
Clear Aperture (polished)
Surface Figure (power/irregularity)
at 0.63µm
Plano
Radiused
1 fringe/½ fringe
(varies depending upon radius)
Scratch-Dig
20-10
Side 1: Reflectivity Tolerance
at 10.6µm
99%: +0.2%
_
99.5%: +0.2/-0%
99.7%: +0.1%
Side 2: AR Coating Reflectivity
at 10.6µm
<_ 0.20%
Part #
Description
Diameter
inches (mm)
234709
722287
432529
766409
536364
230089
911209
Ge
Ge
Ge
Ge
GaAs
GaAs
ZnSe
1.0
1.1
1.181
2.0
1.0
1.1
1.5
25.4
27.94
29.99
50.8
25.4
37.94
38.1
Edge Thickness
inches (mm)
0.236
0.220
0.236
0.375
0.236
0.120
0.236
*M is meter, CC is concave, PO is plano
Contact a II-VI sales representative for exact specifications.
8-9
5.99
5.59
5.99
9.53
5.99
3.05
5.99
Note
Mounting
services
are available for rear
mirrors. Contact a IIVI sales representative
for more information.
Reflectivity
Radius*
Side 1/Side 2
99.5%
99.5%
99.6%
99.5%
99.7%
99.7%
99%
15MCC/PO
20MCC/PO
30MCC/PO
30MCC/PO
30MCC/PO
20MCC/PO
20MCC/PO
* M is meter, CC is concave,
PO is plano.
Contact a II-VI sales
representative for exact
specifications.
PLANO AND SPHERICAL MIRRORS
Standards
Specifications
Dimensional Tolerances
Diameter
Thickness
+0.000"/-0.005"
+0.010"
_
90% of diameter
Clear Aperature
(polished)
Surface Figure
at 0.63µm
Plano and
Radiused, r > 1 m
Power: 2 fringes
Irregularity: 1 fringe
10-5
Scratch-Dig
Mirrors or total reflectors are used in laser cavities
as rear reflectors and fold mirrors, and externally as
beam benders in beam delivery systems.
Silicon is the most commonly used mirror substrate;
its advantages are low cost, good durability, and
thermal stability.
Copper is typically used in high-power applications
for its high-thermal conductivity.
Molybdenum’s extremely tough surface makes it
ideal for the most demanding physical environments.
Molybdenum is normally offered uncoated.
Part #
850800
690933
221987
408825
341534
674480
963043
614835
148570
370229
482518
832216
658306
137530
650010
229095
Description
Si
Si
Si
Si
Si
Si
Si
Si
Cu
Cu
Cu
Cu
Cu
Cu
Cu-WC*
Mo
Diameter
inches (mm)
1.0
1.5
1.75
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.677
3.0
1.1
1.969
1.969
1.969
2.362
4.0
4.25
4.0
25.4
38.1
44.45
50.8
50.8
50.8
68.0
76.2
27.94
50.01
50.01
50.01
59.99
101.6
107.95
101.6
Edge Thickness
inches (mm)
0.120
0.375
0.375
0.200
0.200
0.400
0.800
0.250
0.236
0.200
0.354
0.394
0.236
0.75
1.5
0.350
3.05
9.53
9.53
5.08
5.08
10.16
20.32
6.35
5.99
5.08
8.99
10
5.99
19.05
38.1
8.89
Side 1
Coating
ES
MMR
EG
DEMMR
TRZ
TRZ
TRZ
TRZ
EG
TRZ
EG
TRZ
TRZ
PS
ES
UC
*WC is water-cooled copper
The above parts are plano. For spherical parts, please contact a II-VI sales
representative. Contact a II-VI sales representative for exact specifications.
* WC is water-cooled copper.
The parts listed are plano. For spherical parts, please
contact a II-VI sales representative.
Contact a II-VI sales representative for exact
specifications.
REFLECTIVE PHASE RETARDERS
Metal cutting and other critical laser operations
are sensitive to any variation in kerf width or
cross-section. The kerf’s quality depends on
the polarization orientation relative to the cut
direction. This is illustrated in Figure 1.
Figure 1
Current theory suggests that the assumption of a
focused beam striking the work piece at normal
incidence is only true at the cut’s beginning.
Once the kerf forms, the beam encounters metal
at some large angle of incidence, Θ, as shown in
Figure 2. Light which is s-polarized with reference
to such a surface is reflected much more than light
which is p-polarized, leading to the difference in
cut quality.
Introducing a quarter-wave (90°) reflective phase
retarder into the beam delivery path eliminates
kerf variations by converting linear polarization
to circular polarization. Circular polarization
consists of equal amounts of s-polarization and
p-polarization for any beam orientation, therefore
all axes encounter the same composition of
polarization, and material is removed uniformly
regardless of cut direction. This is illustrated in
Photo 1 on page 11.
Figure 2
A linearly polarized beam is oriented so that
the plane of polarization is 45° to the plane
of incidence and strikes the RPR at 45° to the
normal, as shown in Figure 3. The reflected beam
is circularly polarized.
The substrate choice depends upon the power
level at which the laser operates. Alternate
substrates, including water-cooled copper, are
available. Eighth-wave and sixteenth-wave RPR
designs, and designs for peak wavelengths other
than 10.6µm, are also available. Please contact a
II-VI sales representative to obtain a quotation.
Figure 3
10-11
Photo 1
Specifications
Standards
Dimensional Tolerance
Diameter: +0.000"/-0.005"
Thickness: +_ 0.010"
Parallelism
_ 3 arc minutes
<
Clear Aperture (polished)
90% of diameter
Surface Figure (power/irregularity)
at 0.63µm
<
_ 2 fringe/½ fringe
Scratch-Dig
10-5
Reflectivity @ 10.6µm
>
_ 98%
Phase Retardation for 10.6µm @ 45º
_3º
90º+
Ellipticity Ratio
0.90-1.11
Clean cut produced by circularly polarized light.
Part #
498237
893833
582132
592353
102719
969917
772930
697768
224094
390686
666269
832944
488199
800102
634413
748680
744069
Description
Si
Si
Si
Si
Si
Si
Si
Si
Si
Cu
Cu
Cu
Cu-WC*
Cu
Cu
Cu
Cu
Diameter
inches (mm)
Edge Thickness
inches (mm)
1.5
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.677
3.0
3.0
1.5
1.969
2.25
2.25
2.362
2.362
3.0
3.0
0.16
0.20
0.20
0.375
0.170
0.40
0.80
0.236
0.25
0.25
0.394
0.394
1.25
0.394
0.591
0.50
0.591
38.1
50.8
50.8
50.8
50.8
50.8
68
76.2
76.2
38.1
50
57.15
57.15
60
60
76.2
76.2
4.06
5.08
5.08
9.53
5
10.16
20.32
6
6.35
6.35
10
10
31.75
10
15
12.7
15
*Cu-WC: water-cooled copper
Contact a II-VI sales representative for exact specifications.
Phase Shift
@ 10.6µm
(degrees)
90+/-6
90+/-2
90+/-2
90+/-6
90+/-2
90+/-6
90+/-1
90+/-6
90+/-6
90+/-6
90+/-6
90+/-2
90+/-6
90+/-2
90+/-2
90+/-6
90+/-2
Ragged cut produced by linearly polarized light.
* Cu-WC is water-cooled copper.
Contact a II-VI sales representative for exact
specifications.
ABSORBING THIN-FILM REFLECTORS (ATFR)
The Absorbing Thin-Film Reflector (ATFR) incorporates a polarization
sensitive thin-film reflective coating on a Cu substrate. This coating was
initially designed for use at 10.6μm and 45° angle of incidence. The
coating will reflect s-polarization and absorb p-polarization; therefore,
it must be placed in the beam delivery system where the incident beam
is s-polarized.
In cutting applications where the workpiece is highly reflective,
reflections from the workpiece can be transmitted back through the
beam delivery system into the laser cavity. This is most likely to occur
during the initial stages of the cut. These back reflections can cause
laser cavity mode and power instabilities. It is also possible for the
returned beam to be amplified in the laser cavity and then focused on
one of the beam delivery optics, causing damage to that optic.
Use of the ATFR in cutting highly reflective metals, such as copper,
brass, or aluminum, is especially important since these materials
are highly reflective. The beam delivery systems used for cutting
applications convert the linear polarization to circular polarization by
means of reflective phase retarders (RPR). In this type of beam delivery
system, reflected energy from the workpiece is converted back to linear
polarization by the RPR. The plane of the reflected linear polarization
is rotated 90° to the outgoing linear polarized laser beam. If one of the
mirrors in the beam delivery system is oriented so that the outgoing
laser beam is s-polarized, then the back reflected energy must be
p-polarized at this mirror.
Specifications
Standards
Reflectivity @ 10.6µm,
45º AOI
_> 99.0% (S-pol)
<
_ 1.5% (P-pol)
Reflectivity @ 0.6328µm,
45º AOI
_ 80.0% (R-pol)
>
Angle of Incidence
S-pol: 45º
P-pol: 45º
Spectral Performance for other wavelengths
Reflectivity @ 45° AOI
Wavelength
(µm)
S-pol
P-pol
_> 98.5%
_> 98.5%
<_ 3.0%
<_ 3.0%
<_ 3.0%
9.28
_> 98.5%
>
_ 98.5%
9.15
>
_ 98.5%
<
_ 3.0%
10.24
9.55
9.38
<_ 3.0%
The property of the ATFR that makes it an ideal mirror for preventing
unwanted reflections from reaching the laser cavity is its absorption of
the reflected p-polarized laser beam.
ATFR
Mirror
Part #
Description
682239
432326
160586
504774
728695
255328
Cu
Cu
Cu
Cu
Cu
Cu
Diameter
inches (mm)
Thickness
inches (mm)
1.5
1.969
2.0
2.25
2.362
3.0
0.16
0.394
0.375
1.25
0.591
0.50
38.1
50.0
50.8
57.15
60.0
76.2
Contact a II-VI sales representative for exact specifications.
12-13
4.06
10.0
9.53
31.75
15.0
12.7
Returning
P-Polarization
Outgoing
S-Polarization
Contact a II-VI sales representative for exact
specifications.
Absorbing Thin Film Reflector Coatings
Reflection vs. Wavelength
10.6 µm ATFR coating
9.28 µm ATFR coating
100
S - pol
S - pol
Reflectivity (%)
80
60
40
P - pol
20
0
P - pol
9
9.5
10
Wavelength (µm)
10.5
11
ATFR Sensitivity to Angle of Incidence
ATFR S-pol @ 10.6µm
100
20
99.5
Reflectivity (%)
Reflectivity (%)
ATFR P-pol @ 10.6µm
25
15
10
5
0
99.0
98.5
98.0
40
45
AOI (degrees)
50
97.5
40
45
AOI (degrees)
50
IR OPTICS HANDLING & CLEANING
Great care should be taken when handling infrared optics. Please
note the following precautions:
1. Always wear powder-free finger cots or rubber/latex gloves when
handling optics. Dirt and oil from the skin can severely contaminate
optics, causing a major degradation in performance.
2. Do not use any tools to manipulate optics ––– this includes tweezers
or picks.
Note
Except for Step 1 and Step 2, the cleaning procedures
described here should not be used for new optics. New
optics are cleaned and packaged prior to leaving II-VI to
ensure their high quality condition upon receipt. If you
suspect a problem with contamination, or other cosmetic
defects with a new optic, please contact II-VI Infrared
immediately.
3. Always place optics on supplied lens tissue for protection.
4. Never place optics on a hard or rough surface. Infrared optics can
be easily scratched.
5. Bare gold or bare copper should never be cleaned or touched.
6. All materials used for infrared optics are fragile, whether single
crystal or polycrystalline, large or fine grained. They are not as strong
as glass and will not withstand procedures normally used on glass
optics.
Due to the problems encountered when cleaning mounted optics,
it is recommended that the cleaning procedures described here be
performed only on unmounted optics. If cleaning must be performed
on a mounted optic, refer to the instructions printed in italics and in
brackets [ ]. These are additional steps that must be performed when
cleaning mounted optics.
Step 1 - Mild Cleaning for Light Contamination (dust, lint particles)
Use an air bulb to blow off any loose contaminants from the optic
surface before proceeding to the cleaning steps. If this step does
not remove the contamination, continue to Step 2.
Note:
Avoid using shop air lines because they usually contain significant
amounts of oil and water. These contaminants can form detrimental
absorbing films on optical surfaces.
[No additional steps necessary for mounted optics.]
14-15
Step 2 - Mild Cleaning for Light Contamination (smudges, fingerprints)
Dampen an unused cotton swab or a cotton ball with acetone or
isopropyl alcohol. Gently wipe the surface with the damp cotton.
Do not rub hard. Drag the cotton across the surface just fast enough
so that the liquid evaporates right behind the cotton. This should
leave no streaks. If this step does not remove the contamination,
continue to Step 3.
Note:
Use only paper-bodied 100% cotton swabs and high-quality surgical
cotton balls.
HPLC (low water content) or reagent grade acetone and isopropyl
alcohol are recommended.
[No additional steps necessary for mounted optics.]
Step 3 - Moderate Cleaning for Moderate Contamination (spittle, oils)
Dampen an unused cotton swab or cotton ball with white distilled
vinegar. Using light pressure, wipe the optic’s surface with the damp
cotton. Wipe excess distilled vinegar with a clean dry cotton swab.
Immediately dampen a cotton swab or cotton ball with acetone. Gently
wipe the optic’s surface to remove any acetic acid. If this step does not
remove the contamination, continue to Step 4.
Note:
Use only paper-bodied 100% cotton swabs.
Use only high-quality surgical cotton balls that have been sorted to
remove any with embedded abrasives.
White distilled vinegar with a 6% acetic acid content should be used.
[No additional steps necessary for mounted optics.]
NOTES
IR OPTICS HANDLING & CLEANING
Step 4 - Aggressive Cleaning for Severely Contaminated Optics (splatter)
Caution: Step 4 should NEVER be performed on new or unused laser optics. These steps are to be done only on optics that have
become severely contaminated from use and have no acceptable results yielded from Steps 2 or 3 as previously noted.
If the thin-film coating is removed, the optic’s performance will be destroyed. A change in apparent color indicates the removal
of the thin-film coating.
For severely contaminated and dirty optics, an optical polishing
compound may need to be used to remove the absorbing
contamination film from the optic.
A.
Shake the container of polish thoroughly before opening. Pour four
or five drops of polish onto a cotton ball. Gently move the cotton
ball in circular patterns across the surface to be cleaned. Do not
press down on the cotton ball! Let the cotton ball drag lightly across
the surface under its own weight. If too much pressure is applied,
the polish will quickly scratch the optic’s surface. Rotate the optic
frequently to avoid excessive polishing in any one direction. Clean
the optic in this manner for no more than 30 seconds. If, at any
time during this step, you notice the optic’s surface change color,
stop polishing immediately. This color change indicates that the
outer portion of the thin-film coating is being eroded.
[For a mounted optic, a fluffed cotton swab may have to be substituted for
the cotton ball if the entire optic’s surface is to be uniformly cleaned. This is
especially true with small diameter optics. Be careful not to apply pressure
when using a cotton swab!
For a fluffed cotton swab, take the unused cotton swab and rub it back and
forth on a soft piece of foam that is free of foreign particles.]
B.
After using the polish, wet an unused cotton ball with distilled water
and gently swab the optic’s surface. Thoroughly wet the surface to
remove as much of the polish residue as possible. Do not let the
optic’s surface dry! This will make the remaining polish removal
much more difficult.
[For a mounted optic, a fluffed cotton swab may be substituted. Try to remove
as much polish residue as possible, especially near the mount’s edges.]
16-17
Step 4 (continued) - Aggressive Cleaning for Severely Contaminated Optics (splatter)
C.
Quickly wet a fluffed cotton swab with isopropyl alcohol and gently
clean the optic surface thoroughly. Cover the entire surface with the
swab to dislodge as much polish residue as possible.
NOTE:
If the optic is 2.00" or larger, a cotton ball may be substituted for the
cotton swab in this step.
[For a mounted optic, place the cotton swab in the optic’s center and clean
outwards in a spiral motion toward the optic’s edges.]
D.
Wet a fluffed cotton swab with acetone and clean the optic’s surface,
removing any remaining isopropyl alcohol and polish residue in the
process. When performing the final cleaning with acetone, lightly drag
the cotton swab across the optic, overlapping strokes until the entire
surface has been wiped. Move the swab very slowly for the final strokes
to assure that the acetone on the optic’s surface dries immediately
behind the swab. This will eliminate streaks on the surface.
[For a mounted optic, start in the optic’s center and work outward in a spiral
pattern toward the edge with a fluffed swab dampened with acetone. Use a new
cotton swab dampened with acetone and run it around the outside of the optic
against the mount to remove the polish residue. Repeat this step several times
if necessary to assure that no polish residue is left on the optic’s edges when the
cotton swab is lifted from the surface.]
[For a mounted optic, it may be impossible to remove every trace of residue from
the surface, especially near the outer edge. Try to be certain any remaining residue
is along the optic’s outermost edge only, and not in the center.]
NOTES
IR OPTICS HANDLING & CLEANING
The final step is to carefully examine the optic’s
surface under good light in front of a black
background. Any visible polish residue should be
removed by repeating steps 4B-4D as many times
as required.
NOTE:
Contamination and damage types, such as metal
splatter, pits, etc., cannot be removed. If the optic
shows the contamination or damage mentioned, it
will probably need to be replaced.
NOTES
18-19
CO2 LASER OPTICS CLEANING KIT
To prolong the life of a CO2 laser optic, proper handling and
cleaning is vital. However, as these optics are not as scratch
resistant as glass, special procedures must be used in their
cleaning and care.
II-VI Infrared’s CO2 Laser Optics Cleaning Kit (p/n 911466)
is designed to meet these special care requirements. Contents
include:
1)
1)
1)
1)
1)
1)
1)
1)
1)
1)
2)
Plastic carrying case with foam inserts
Laminated instruction sheet
250 ml bottle of 0.1 micron polish
250 ml bottle of deionized water
MSDS sheet
Air bulb
Bag of cotton balls (130 count)
Box of Q-Tips® cotton swabs (170 count)
Bag of lens tissue (approx. 25 count)
Package of finger cots (20 count)
4 oz. acetone & propanol dispensers
NOTE: acetone & propanol not included
CO2 Laser Optics Cleaning Kit (p/n 911466)
A Lens Cleaning Refill Kit (p/n 881308) is also available.
Contents include:
1)
1)
1)
1)
1)
1)
1)
250 ml bottle of 0.1 micron polish
250 ml bottle of deionized water
MSDS sheet
Bag of cotton balls (100 count)
Box of Q-Tips® cotton swabs (170 count)
Bag of lens tissue (approx. 25 count)
Package of finger cots (20 count)
The polish (p/n 6009804) is also available separately:
1) 250 ml bottle of 0.1 micron polish
Lens Cleaning Refill Kit (p/n 881308)
ABSORPTION
Laser Optics and Absorption’s Dominant Role
Since its beginning in 1971, II-VI has played a key role in developing
optical materials and coatings that enabled the CO2 laser to emerge
into a leading technology for materials processing, and for applications
in fields as diverse as laser surgery, laser imaging, target acquisition,
and surveillance.
CO2 laser technology advancements allowed lasers ––– with power levels
exceeding 1 kW ––– to develop in the early 1970s. The corresponding
need in understanding optical materials and optical coatings was
evident.
High-power infrared lasers performance, including high-energy density
waveguide lasers, depends heavily upon the absorption control levels in
optical substrates, their thin-film coatings, and interfaces. II-VI is the
leader in infrared laser optics technology.
II-VI Infrared’s MP-5® ultra-low absorption lens
Factors Affecting Absorption
Absorption in Laser Optics
Contamination due to foreign materials on the optic’s surface includes
dust, oil, grease, fingerprints, and hydrocarbons. These contaminants,
if deposited on the optic’s surface, may lead to absorption and shorten
optic lifespans and efficiency.
. Substrate bulk absorption
. Coating absorption
. Surface contamination
. Surface deterioration
Localized heating, caused by contamination, can lead to “thermal
runaway” in high-power laser optics. High temperatures create an
increase in free carriers within the bulk material which increases
absorption. This process reaches an avalanche state, and thermal
runaway commences at > 50° C for Ge, and > 200° C for ZnSe and
GaAs.
Surface imperfections also cause absorption and can include:
• Scratches
• Pits or digs
• Imbedded polishing abrasives
• Pinholes in coatings
• Inclusions in coatings
These surface defects act as damage sites which suffer degradation due
to intense perturbations in the electric field surrounding the sites.
20-21
Is Your Lens Stressed?
Or does it just need cleaned?
See p. 22 for information
on our Lens Stress Analyzer,
and learn how to find out!
Absorption Effects in CO2 Lasers
Testing to Ensure Low Absorptivity
The CO2 wavelength absorption level coupled with the optic thermal
conduction characteristics and its mount are important in determining
the laser system’s performance and optic’s lifespan.
II-VI was the first IR optics manufacturer to
establish a laser vacuum calorimetry test facility
for measuring absorption in commercial CO2
laser optics.
While the source and control of factors contributing to absorption are
complex, the results are clear and include:
• Decreased output power
• Fluctuations in output power
• Mode instability
• Focal point drifting
• Coating failures
• External cavity optics failures
(due to output coupler thermal lensing or
beam delivery system contamination)
All these failure mechanisms are the result of thermal lensing (the
actual change of an optic’s physical characteristics due to absorption).
The thermal lensing effect on the beam mode is increased further by
a change in the material’s refractive index due to temperature. This
latter and more significant effect induces additional optical distortion
in the transmitted beam.
Examples of Lens Stress
In laser calorimetry, optic samples are mounted
in a vacuum for thermal isolation. The sample
is then irradiated with a CO2 laser beam, while
thermocouples monitor the sample temperature
rise. The laser beam is then turned off and the
sample is cooled. By precisely measuring the sample
mass, the laser beam incident power, and the
heating and cooling slopes generated during the
test, the total sample absorption (as a percentage
of incident laser power) is determined.
To maintain the leadership in quality and lowabsorption coatings, the laser calorimetry system
regularly undergoes calibration testing and
refinement by II-VI’s technical staff.
1
2
4
3
Clockwise from upper left:
1 No apparent stress. May just need
cleaned.
2 Moderate stress. Should be replaced.
3 Severe lens stress. Must be replaced to
prevent catastrophic lens failure and
possible system damage.
4 Catastrophic lens failure and possible
system damage.
Note: All images are of optics as seen through
II-VI Infrared’s Lens Stress Analyzer (LSA).
See p. 22 for details.
LENS STRESS ANALYZER (LSA)
(Actual image of stressed
lens as seen through LSA)
Quickly and easily test your lens
for stress!
(Good for output couplers, too!)
P/N 6054739
EVEN THE BEST OF LENSES CAN GO BAD. Thermal stress, mechanical stress, and contamination can all cause a lens to fail. When
that happens, your business can suffer from costly downtime or, in the event of catastrophic lens failure, even costlier laser
system repairs. Conversely, you don’t want to discard a perfectly usable lens that may only need to be cleaned to return it to peak
performance. The question, then, is how can you determine when a lens is truly in need of replacement?
II-VI Infrared has your answer. Our NEW, portable Lens Stress Analyzers enable you to see lens stress before catastrophic lens failure
occurs. Or see that an underperforming lens need only be cleaned, rather than discarded. Using a cool-running fluorescent light
base and cross-polarizers, our Lens Stress Analyzers dramatically show thermal stress, mechanical stress, and contamination that
the eye cannot see alone.
For genuine portability, the Lens Stress Analyzer can be operated using six AAA batteries. (Batteries not included.) Our Lens Stress
Analyzers also come standard with 100-240V AC power adapters, and plug adapters for the following:
• North America
• Europe
• Australia
• United Kingdom
• Argentina
• China
Our Lens Stress Analyzers will help you keep your laser system running smoothly by showing you when a lens needs only to be
cleaned, and when it needs to be replaced.
Contact your II-VI Infrared sales representative and order your Lens Stress Analyzer today!
TO LEARN MORE, LOG ONTO: www.iiviinfrared.com/lsa
22-23
NOZZLES & ACCESSORIES
TO LEARN MORE, LOG ONTO: www.iiviinfrared.com/nozzles
IN FRARED
...the world leader in CO 2 laser optics
WORLDWIDE SALES OFFICES
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