SCADASystems
SupervisoryControlandDataAcquisition
Hans-PetterHalvorsen,M.Sc.
IndustrialControlSystems(ICS)
SCADA(SupervisoryControlAndDataAcquisition)isatypeof
IndustrialControlSystem(ICS)
IndustrialControlSystems
(ICS)arecomputercontrolled
systemsthatmonitorand
controlindustrialprocesses
thatexistinthephysical
world.
IndustrialControlSystems,likePLC(Programmable
LogicController), DCS(Distributed ControlSystem)
andSCADA(Supervisory ControlAnd Data
Acquisition) sharemanyofthesamefeatures
PLC
ICS
DCS
SCADA
IndustrialControlSystems(ICS)
IndustrialControlSystemsarecomputercontrolledsystemsthatmonitorandcontrolindustrial
processesthatexistinthephysicalworld
I/OModule
cRIO
LabVIEW
Programmable
Automation
Controller
(PAC)
IndustrialPID
Controller
Distributed ControlSystems(DCS)
Controller
PCbasedControlSystem/SCADA
System(Supervisory ControlAndData
Acquisition)
PLC (Programmable LogicController)
I/OModules
DeltaV
SiemensPLC
ControlSystems
•
•
•
•
•
•
PLC- ProgrammableLogicController
DCS- DistributedControlSystems
SCADA– SupervisoryControlAndDataAcquisition
PAC– ProgrammableAutomationController
RTU– RemoteTerminalUnit
PC– PersonalComputer(PC-basedControlSystem)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_control_system
ControlSystems
Process
PLC
SCADA
?
DCS
PAC
RTU
Typically,youhaveone ormore ofthesesystemsworking
together.Ingeneralwecanhavemanydifferent
combinations howthesesystemsworktogether
SensorsandActuators
Control
Systems
Comparison
http://www.opto22.com/site/pacsvsothertech.aspx
PLC
PLC- ProgrammableLogicController
• ADigitalComputerusedforAutomationand
ControlApplications
• PLCsaresuitableforLocalAreaControl(plants,
productionlines,etc.)
Example:SiemensPLC
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_logic_controller
PAC
PAC– ProgrammableAutomationController
• AProgrammableAutomationController(PAC)isacompactcontrollerthat
combinesthefeaturesandcapabilitiesofaPC-basedcontrolsystemwith
thatofatypicalPLC.
cRIO fromNationalInstruments
PACExample:
http://www.ni.com/compactrio
RTU
RTU– RemoteTerminalUnit
• Aremoteterminalunit(RTU)isamicroprocessor-controlled
electronicdevicethatinterfacesobjectsinthephysicalworldtoa
distributedcontrolsystemorSCADA(supervisorycontrolanddata
acquisition)system
• ARTUisadeviceinstalledataremotelocationthatcollectsdata,
codesthedataintoaformatthatistransmittableandtransmitsthe
databacktoacentralstation,ormaster,e.g.aSCADAsystem
• ARTUtypicallyhaveAnalogandDigitalInputs/Outputs
• YoucouldsaythataRTUisnothingmorethananadvancedI/O
devicewithCommunicationpossibilities
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_terminal_unit
DCS
DCS- DistributedControlSystems
Distributed ControlandI/O
DCSExample:
DeltaVfromEmerson ProcessManagement
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_control_system
SCADA
SCADA- SupervisoryControl
AndDataAcquisition
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCADA
SCADAArchitectures
• 1.Generation:EarlySCADAsystemcomputingwasdoneby
largeminicomputers.
– CommonnetworkservicesdidnotexistatthetimeSCADAwas
developed.
– ThusSCADAsystemswereindependentsystemswithno
connectivitytoothersystems
• 2.Generation:DistributedSystems
– Thesystemwasdistributedacrossmultiplestationswhichwere
connectedthroughaLAN.
• 3.Generation:NetworkedSystems
• 4.Generation:InternetofThings(IoT)
SCADASystem
• TheSCADAsystemtypicallycontainsdifferentmodules,
suchas:
1. OPCServer
2. ADatabasethatstoresallthenecessarydata
3. ControlSystem
4. DataloggingSystem
5. AlarmSystem
• TheseModulesaretypicallyseparate Modulesbecause
theyshouldbeabletorunondifferentcomputersina
network(distributed).
SCADASystemOverview
Process
Plant
Control
System
OPCServer
Network(LAN)
Datalogging
System
SQL
(DataEngine)
Database
Alarm
System
Typically,thedifferent Modules thattheSCADAsystemconsistsof are
distributed physicallyinaNetwork(localnetworkoroverInternet)
PC-basedControlSystem
IndustrialPIDController
PIDControlusingPCandI/OModule
PC
I/OModule
Embedded systemwithbuilt-in
PIDalgorithm, etc.
PC-basedControlSystemExample
Process
0-5V/1-5V
Analog In
Measurement(s) - +
I/OModule
USB-6008
0-5V
Analog Out
ControlSignal
- +
Controller (PID)andLowpassFilter
Implementation
C#
ADConverter
DAConverter
USB
PC-basedControlSystem
DAQ– DataAcquisition
YourAppcreatedwith
Sensors,etc.
LabVIEW,C#,etc.
ADAQSystemconsistsof 4parts:
NIUSB6008DAQDevice
1. Physicalinput/output signals
2. DAQdevice/hardware
3. Driversoftware
4. Yoursoftwareapplication(Application software)
NIDAQmxDriver
orsimiliar
ImplementingaControlSystem
Whiletherealprocessiscontinuous,normallythe
ControllerandtheFilterisimplementedinacomputer.
RecommendedLitterature
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•
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Tutorial:IntroductiontoVisualStudioandC#
http://home.hit.no/~hansha/?tutorial=csharp
Tutorial:DataAcquisitioninC#
http://home.hit.no/~hansha/?tutorial=csharp_daq
StructuredQueryLanguage
http://home.hit.no/~hansha/?tutorial=sql
DatabaseCommunicationinVisualStudio/C#
http://home.hit.no/~hansha/documents/database/database_visual_studio.htm
•
DevelopinganOPCClientApplicationUsingVisualBasic
http://www.ni.com/white-paper/3259/en/
Hans-PetterHalvorsen,M.Sc.
UniversityCollegeofSoutheastNorway
www.usn.no
E-mail:hans.p.halvorsen@hit.no
Blog:http://home.hit.no/~hansha/