ASSIGNMENT
Class
Subject
: IV B.Tech Mechanical, I Sem
: CAD/CAM
Subject teacher : N.SHARMILA
UNIT-I
1. What is the structure of a computing system?
2. What do you understand by CPU?
3. Briefly explain the conventional process of the product cycle in the conventional
manufacturing management?
4. What are the two basic categories of memory?
UNIT-II
1. What is windowing? Describe about clipping?
2. A line is defined by 2-D space by its end points (1, 2) and (2, 4). Express this in matrix
notation and perform the following transformations in succession on this line.
3. Explain the basic principle of (I) DDD and (II) Brsenham’s algorithms for the linear
interpolation for graphics terminals.
4. What is the need for concatenation of transformations? Explain what care should be taken in
such success?
UNIT-III
1. What are the various schemes used for representing solid models.
2. Describe in brief about the representation of various analytic curves.
3. What are the requirements of geometric models?
4. Discuss the various surface representation methods and schemes?
UNIT-IV
1. What are the geometric commands used in auto CAD. Explain with the help of iconic figures.
2. What are the various editing commands used in Auto CAD.
3. What are the various solids editing commands use din Auto CAD. Explain with the help of an
example for each of the command?
4. What is generative CAPP system?
UNIT-V
1. Discuss the impact of group technology on machine utilization.
2. Describe briefly about the structure of CNC machines tools with the help of block diagram
3. Explain the concept of machining centre.
4. What is generative CAPP system?
UNIT-VI
1. Discuss the impact of group technology on machine utilization.
2. What are the advantages of group technology?
3. What is production flow analysis (PFA)? Discuss the procedure involved?
4. What are the limitations of group technology?
UNIT-VII
1. Explain in brief about the inspection and quality control methods used in computer aided
quality control (CAQC).
2. Briefly explain any two optical inspection methods.
3. Briefly explain any two non optical inspection methods?
4. What are the various features of CMM?
UNIT-VIII
1. What are the different types of manufacturing systems?
2. What is the extension if intervention of human labor of manufacturing systems.
3. What is the function of various components of computer control system?
4. Describe various machine tools used in CIMS.
ASSIGNMENT
Class
Subject
: IV B.Tech Mechanical, I Sem
Subject teacher : S.K.RAJESH REDDY
: UNCONVENTIONAL MACHINING PROCESSES
1ST UNIT
1. Name the different types of Unconventional Machining Processes.
2. Explain the important characteristics of any six Unconventional Processes.
3. A). What are the differences between conventional and unconventional?
Machining processes?
b) Explain the need of using unconventional machining processes.
4. Write any four important reasons why the unconventional machining
Processes are used over conventional machining. Explain with salient Points.
2nd UNIT
1. (A) what are the different types of abrasive slurries? Explain their important
Characteristics.
(b)Explain the tool feed mechanism used in ultrasonic machining.
2. Describe the principle involved in ultrasonic machining method and explain
With simple sketch.
3. Write the applications of ultrasonic machining process.
4. List any four advantages and disadvantages while machining the
Components using Ultrasonic Method.
3RD UNIT
1. (A) Explain the various process parameters which affect the surface finish of
The component machined on Water Jet Machine?
(b)Enumerate the differences between Water Jet Machining and Abrasive
Water Jet Machining
2. What are the precautionary measures to be taken during machining of?
Components on Abrasive Water Jet machine? Discuss briefly? Explain the various parts of Abrasive
Water Jet Machine.
3. (A) what are the important factors to be considered while selecting the
Abrasive material in abrasive water jet machining?
(b)List out any four advantages and disadvantages of abrasive water jet
Machining
4. A)What is Abrasive Jet machining and Abrasive Water Jet Machining? Write
Any four differences between them.
B.Explain the effect of ‘grain size’ and ‘pressure’ on the accuracy and rate of
Metal removal of in abrasive water jet machining.
4th UNIT
1. A) Explain the various process parameters that affect the surface finish of
Component machined using ECM process.
b) What are the different types of electrolytes used in ECM? Explain their
Characteristics.
2. Discuss the important characteristics of electrolytes used in ECM.
Explain the factors that affect the material removal rate in Electro
Chemical Machining process.
3. Describe the working principle of Electro Chemical Machining method.
4. List the any four advantages and limitations of using electro chemical
Machining method.
5th UNIT
1. Draw the simple sketch of Electro Discharge Machine and label the
Important elements.
B.Explain the different types of errors occurred while machining the material
Using EDM?
2. Discuss the various input parameters that affect the quality of the product
Produced on electric discharge machine. Write any two applications, advantages and disadvantages of
EDM process.
3. Describe the process of EDM with the help of neat sketch. Enumerate the differences between EDM
and ECM.
4. A) Explain any four factors that affect the material removal rate in Electric
Discharge Machining?
b) Describe, with the help of simple sketch, the process of Wire-cut EDM.
6th unit
1. A) With the help of neat sketch, explain the process of electron beam
machining.
b)Explain the precautionary measures to be taken while machining the
components on EBM and LBM
2. a)Describe the principle and process of electron beam machining process with the help of neat sketch.
b)List out any four differences between electron beam machining and laser
beam machining.
3. Name the different types of lasers used in laser beam machining process
and explain their importance.
4. Explain the features of an electron gun used electron beam machining.
Explain the engineering applications of laser beam machining.
7th unit
1.a) Discuss the advantages and limitations of chemical machining process.
b)What is transferred mode of plasma arc? Explain the advantages and
differences between transferred and non-transferred mode of plasma arc.
2.What is mask in Chemical Machining process? Discuss the different
methods of preparing the masks.Write any four applications and limitations of Plasma Machining
Process.
3. Explain the differences between chemical machining and electro chemical
machining processes.Discuss the factors that affect the quality of the product machined using plasma
machining process.
4.Explain the working principle involved in plasma machining method.
Write the advantages of using plasma machining.
8th unit.
1. What is magnetic abrasive finishing method? Explain the working of
magnetic abrasive finishing process.
2.What are the differences between magnetic abrasive finishing method and
abrasive water jet machining method?
3. Explain the process of shaped tube electrolyte machining with the help of
simple sketch.
b)Discuss the applications and limitations of shaped tube electrolyte
machining.
4.a)Enumerate the differences between abrasive flow finishing and magnetic
abrasive finishing processes.
b)Describe process of electro-stream drilling process with the help of simple
Sketch
---ALL THE BEST---- S.K.RAJESH REDDY
ASSIGNMENT
Class
Subject
:
:
IV B.Tech Mechanical, I Sem
Subject teacher : N.Raja
ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF ENERGY
UNIT-1
1. Classify various energy sources and explain them in briefly?
2. Explain the working of following
a) pyranometer b) pyrheliometer c) sunshine recorder
3. Explain different types of concentrating collectors of focusing type with neat sketches?
4. What are the environmental impacts if the solar energy is used for power generation? Explain?
UNIT-2
1. Explain different types of concentrating collectors of focusing type with neat sketches?
2. Explain with a neat sketch the working of a lithium bromide water cooling system?
3. Explain briefly the flat plate collector with a neat diagram?
4. Explain different types of solar space cooling systems?
UNIT-3
1. Explain the working of solar pond and what the main applications of solar pond? Describe
briefly?
2. Classify the methods of solar energy storage. Describe thermal energy storage system?
3. a) Explain solar distillation with a neat sketch
b) Write short notes on solar driers?
4.
a) Describe the working of solar chimney with a neat sketch?
b) List out various solar applications?
UNIT-4
1. What is the basic principle of wind energy conversion and derive expression for power developed
due to wind?
2. Write short notes on a) applications of wind energy b) Savonius rotor c) Darrieus rotor?
3. How do you classify wind mills? Explain any one of the with neat sketch?
4. State and explain Betz law and derive equation for maximum efficiency?
UNIT-5
1. What are the factors affecting the performance of biogas digester?
2. Write a short notes on a) Aerobic digestion b) Fermentation C) Gasification
3. What are the different methods of obtaining energy from biomass? Explain?
4. Classify different types of digesters? Explain anyone of them with a neat sketch?
UNIT-6
1. Explain various methods to extract geothermal energy?
2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of geothermal energy over other energy forms?
3. Explain the working of a liquid dominated double flash steam system with a neat diagram?
4. What are the characteristics of geothermal energy resources? How to make use of geothermal
energy sources? Explain?
UNIT-7
1. Explain with a neat sketch about OTEC system?
2. Explain with a neat sketch the energy extraction technique from tidal waves?
3. What are the advantages and limitations of tidal power generation?
4. Explain various methods for utilization of tidal energy?
UNIT-8
1. Explain the working principle of thermo electric power generation?
2. Explain the principle and working of MHD accelerator?
3. Explain the working of photovoltaic energy conversion with a neat sketch?
4. a) What are the various materials used for solar cells?
b) List out advantages of photovoltaic solar energy conversion?
ASSIGNMENT
Class
Subject
: IV B.Tech Mechanical, I Sem
Subject teacher : V.SUBRAHMANYAM
: Automobile Engineering (Departmental Elective – 1)
UNIT-1
1. Explain layout of an Automobile with neat diagram. (or)
Explain various components of an Automobile with neat sketch.
2. Explain the following
a.Crank case ventilation
b. Engine reboring
c. Degreasing and decarbonisation
d. Nitriding of crank shaft
3. List out various types of lubrication systems and explain any one type of lubrication
system with neat sketch.
4. a. List out various types of oil pumps and explain any one of them.
(Or)
b. List out various types of oil filters and explain any one of them.
UNIT-2
1. List out various types of clutches and give their applications. Explain the most widely
used clutch in 4-wheeelers.
2. List out various types of gear boxes and their applications. Explain 5 forward speed and
one reverse synchromesh gearbox.
3. Explain Fluid flywheel or Torque converter with neat sketch.
4. Answer any one of the following.
a. types of propeller shafts. b. differential c. various types of rear axles.
UNIT-3
1. Explain different angles used in wheel alignment. (or)
Explain camber, castor, King pin, combined angles.
2. Differentiate Ackerman and Davis steering mechanisms.
3. List out various steering gear boxes and explain any one of them.
4. Explain the following terms.
a.Centre point steering b. Over steering c. Under steering d. Toe in and toe out
UNIT-4
1. List out different types of independent suspension systems and explain any one of them
with neat sketch.
2. Explain any one of the following
a. Torsion bar
b. Shock absorber.
3. List out various types of braking systems and explain the most widely used brakes in cars
with neat sketch.
4. Explain tandem master cylinder with neat sketch.
UNIT-5
1.
2.
3.
4.
Explain working of voltage regulator (or) Cutout relay with neat sketch
List out various starting systems and explain folo-thru drive mechanism with neat sketch.
Explain horn circuit with neat sketch.
Explain working of wind screen Wiper circuit.
UNIT-6
1. Classify various types of engines and give their applications.
2. Tabulate various engine components and give their purpose, materials, manufacturing
procedure and finishing methods.
3. List out various cooling systems and explain forced circulation water cooling system.
4. Explain ABS.
UNIT-7
1. List out various types of pollutants emitted from the engine exhaust and how the
pollutants are measured.
2. Explain the modifications required in engines to avoid or reduce pollution.
3. Explain exhaust gas treatment methods in IC engines.
4. Explain use of alternative fuels for emission control.
UNIT-8
1.
2.
3.
4.
List out service details of engine components.
Explain engine reboring and honing.
Explain valve seat lapping.
List out various precautions to be taken to enhance the engine life.
ASSIGNMENT
Class
Subject
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4.
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4.
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3.
4.
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4.
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: IV B.Tech Mechanical, I Sem
Subject teacher : V.SUBRAHMANYAM
: Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (Open Elective)
UNIT-1
Briefly explain Micro machining
List out different types of Lithography methods and explain any one of them.
What are structural and sacrificial materials? Explain them in brief
List out various types of thin film deposition methods and explain LPCED.
UNIT-2
Briefly explain various mechanical MEMS devices.
List out various mechanical MEMS structural devices and explain them in brief
Explain the principle and working of Piezoelectric sensors and actuators.
Explain the principle of MEMS Gyroscopes.
UNIT-3
Briefly explain Thermal MEMS
Briefly explain Thermistors and Thermodevices
Explain the principle of Thermocouple and give applications.
Explain the construction and working of thermocouple probe.
UNIT-4
Briefly explain MOEMS.
List out various properties of light and explain them in brief.
Explain the principle and working of Light Modulators and Beam Splitters.
Explain the working of Digital MicroMirror.
UNIT-5
Give brief instroduction about Magnetic materials for sensors and their properties.
Explain the principle of Magneto Resistive Sensor.
Explain the principle of Hall effect.
Explain Magneto Diodes and Transistors in brief.
UNIT-6
Review RF-based communication systems.
What are MEMS Inductors? Explain them in brief.
Explain principle of working of Varactors and give advantages and applications.
Briefly explain MEMS Switches.
UNIT-7
Briefly explain Micro Fluidic systems.
Explain a. Digital Micro Fluidics b. DEP c. Thermo capillary Effect
Explain in brief a. Micro Fluidic Channel b. Micro Fluidic Dispenser c. Micro Needle
Explain the construction, principle and modeling of Micro Pumps.
UNIT-8
Explain Chemical and Bio Medical Micro systems in brief.
Give a note on a. Chemo resistors b. Chemo capacitors c. Chemo transistors
Explain working of E-Nose.
Explain the principle of DNA sensors
ASSIGNMENT
Class
Subject
: IV B.Tech Mechanical, I Sem
Subject teacher : K.VIJAYA
: REFRIGERATION AND AIRCONDITIONING
UNIT I
1. (a) Explain the working of simple air evaporative cooling system used for aircrafts?
(b) A simple evaporative air refrigeration system is used for an aero plane to take 20 tonnes of
refrigeration load. The ambient air conditions are 200C and 0.9 bar. The ambient air is rammed
isentropically to a pressure of 1 bar. The air leaving the main compressor at pressure 3.5 bar is first
cooled in the heat exchanger having effectiveness of 0.6 and then in the evaporator where its
temperature is reduced by 500C. The air from the evaporator is passed through the cooling turbine and
then it is supplied to the cabin which is to be maintained at a temperature of 25 0C and at a pressure of
1.05 bar. If the internal efficiency of the compressor is 80% and that of cooling turbine is 75%.
Determine:
i. Mass of air bled of the main compressor,
ii. Power required for the refrigerating system, and
iii. C O P of the refrigerating system.
2. A simple evaporative air refrigeration system is used for an aero plane to take 20 tonnes of
refrigeration load. The ambient air conditions are 200 C and 0.9 bar. The ambient air is rammed
isentropically to a pressure of 1 bar. The air leaving the main compressor at pressure 3.5 bar is
first cooled in the heat exchanger having effectiveness of 0.6 and then in the evaporator where
its temperature is reduced by 500 C. The air from the evaporator is passed through the cooling
turbine and then it is supplied to the cabin which is to be maintained at a temperature of 25 0 C
and at a pressure of 1.05 bar. If the internal efficiency of the compressor is 80% and that of
cooling turbine is 75%.
Determine:
(i) Mass of air bled off the main compressor,
(ii) Power required for the refrigerating system and
(iii) C O P of the refrigerating system.
3. (a) Draw neatly schematic arrangement of Regenerative air – refrigeration system with T –S
diagram.
(b) For an air craft cabin cooling system, a turbine is to exhaust air at 0.7 bar and 5 0C at a rate of
2 kg/sec. The turbine drives a compressor which takes in air at 0.7 bar and 500C. The air discharged from
the compressor is mixed with air at the same state bled from the main engine compressor. It is then
cooled to 600C before entering the cooling turbine. Assuming compression and expansion are isentropic,
determine the pressure and the flow rate of air to be bled from the main engine compressor.
4. (a) Describe with a sketch a boot-strap air evaporative cooling system.
(b) Differentiate clearly between open and closed air – refrigeration systems.
UNIT II
1. (a). Explain the importance of Industrial Refrigeration citing specific cases.
(b) Distinguish between vapour absorption and vapour compression system and what is the
distinct advantage of vapour absorption over vapour compression system.
(c) Explain the working principle of vapour compression refrigeration system with neat diagram
2. (a) A neat diagram and also plot the same on a P-h and T-s diagram
(b)A vapour compression refrigerator uses methyl chloride (R-40) and operates between
pressure limits of 177.4 kPa and 967.5 kPa. At entry to the compressor, the methyl chloride is dry
saturated and after compression has a temperature of 1020C. The compressor has a bore and stroke
of 75mm and runs at 8 rev/s with a volumetric efficiency of80%. The temperature of the liquid
refrigerant as it leaves the condenser is 350C and its specific heat capacity is 1.624 kJ/kg. K. The
specific heat capacity of the superheated vapour may be assumed to be constant.
Determine:
(a) refrigerator C O P
(b) mass ow rate of refrigerant and
(c) cooling water required by the condenser if its temperature rise is limited to
0
12 C. Specific heat capacity of water = 4.187 kJ/kg.K.
The relevant properties of methyl chloride are as follows
Sat.temp.
0C
Pressure
kPa
Specific Volume
m3/kg
Liquid
Vapour
Specific enthalpy
kJ/kg
Liquid
Vapour
Specific entropy
kJ/kg.K
Liquid
Vapour
-10
45
177.4
967.5
0.00102
0.00115
45.38
132.98
0.183
0.485
3.
0.233
0.046
write short notes on (i) Flash chamber
460.76
483.6
1.762
1.587
(ii) Receiver
4. A vapour compression refrigeration plant works between pressure limits of 5.3 bar and 2.1 bar the
vapour is superheated at the end of compression, its temperature being 37 oC . the vapour is super
heated by 5oC before entering the compressor.
If the specific heat of superheated vapour is 0.63 kJ/kg K, find coefficient of performance of the
plant. Use the data given blow:
PRE, bar
Saturated
Liquid heat, kJ/kg
Latent Heat, kj/kg
temperature,oC
5.3
15.5
56.15
144.9
2.1
-14.0
25.12
158.7
UNIT III
1.
(a) Derive an expression for volumetric efficiency of compressor and simplify it for isentropic
process.
(b) A single stage, single acting reciprocating compressor has a bore of 200 mm and a stroke of
300mm. If receives vapour refrigerant at 1 bar and delivers it at 5.5 bar. If the compression and
expansion follows the law PV1:3 = constant and the clearance volume is 5% of the stroke volume,
determine:
i. The power required to drive the compressor, if it runs at 500rpm; and
ii. The volumetric efficiency of the compressor.
2. (a) With the help of a schematic diagram, explain the functioning of thermostatic
expansion valve.
(b) Compare the performance of reciprocating and centrifugal compressors.
3. Explain the working of an evaporative condenser with the simplified diagram.
(b) Give the comparison of flooded evaporators and dry evaporators.
(c) With a neat sketch, explain the working of shell and tube condenser.
4. (a) What is a refrigerant? Can water be used as refrigerant? Explain the limitations.
(b) Name three refrigerants that are suitable for ice plants giving their relative
merits and demerits.
(c) What are azeotropes?
UNIT IV
1. (a) What is the function of the following components in an absorption system:
i. Absorber
ii. Rectifier
iii. Analyser
iv. Heat exchangers.
(b) Draw a neat diagram of lithium bromide water absorption system and explain its working.
2. (a) What is the basic function of a compressor in vapour compression refrigeration systems?
How this function is achieved in vapour absorption refrigeration system?
3. (a) draw a neat diagram of the simple ammonia –water absorption refrigeration system
explain its working.
(b) in a single stage vapour absorption refrigeration system, the temperature of generator,
condenser and evaporator are 95oC, 30oC, and -5oC respectively. Find the maximum COP obtainable
from the system.
4. (a) Sketch and explain the working of Vapour – Absorption system.
(b) Define refrigerant. What are the properties of refrigerants? Explain in detail.
UNIT V
1.
(a) Explain the various components of Steam Jet Refrigeration system and clearly discuss the
function of each component.
(b) List out the fields of applications of Vortex tube.
2. (a) Explain, with the help of a neat sketch, the working of a steam jet refrigeration
system.
(b) What are the advantages of barometric condenser over surface condenser in steam jet
refrigeration system?
3.
Explain the working principle of thermoelectric refrigeration system and compare
the working of different components of this system with that of vapour compression system.
4. Explain the working principle of Vortex tube and prove that the energy exchange
phenomena in Vortex tube is not a violation of second law of thermodynamics.
UNIT VI
1.
(a) What is the difference between wet bulb temperature and thermodynamic wet bulb
temperature?
2.
Draw the psychrometric chart and explain how the various property lines are drawn.
3.
Define relative humidity, specific humidity, and dew – point temperature and describe a
theoretical method for determining their values.
4. (a) Calculate (i) Relative humidity (ii) Humidity Ratio (iii) dew point temperature (iv) Density
and, (v) Enthalpy of atmospheric air when the DBT is 35oC, WBT is 23oC and the barometer reads
750 mm Hg.
UNIT VII
1. (a) Explain how does the body attempt to compensate for a warm environment approaching body
temperature?
(b) Draw and explain the comfort chart and zone of comfort for year-round airconditioning.
0
0
2. A hall is to be maintained at 28 C DBT and 60% RH when outdoor conditions are 40 C DBT
0
and 26 C WBT.
Sensible heat load in room
Latent heat load in room
66000 KJ/hr
20000 KJ/hr
3
In filtrated Air …
30 m /min.
0
DPT of the cooling coil
5 C
If the 60% of the total air is re circulated from the half and is mixed with the conditioned air
after the conditioner tech find the followings.
a) Conditions of air loading the conditioner and just before entering the hall
b) Mass of fresh air entering the cooler.
c) By – pass factor of the conditioner coil.
d) Refrigeration load in Tons of refrigeration e) Area of the cooling coil if the overall heat
2
transfers coefficient is 50 W /m -K.
3. It is required to design an air- conditioning system for an industrial process for the following hot and
wet summer conditions:
(a). Outdoor conditions: 32oC DBT and 65% RH
(b). Required air inlet conditions: 25oC DBT and 60% RH
(c). Amount of free air circulated: 250 m3/min.
(d). Coil dew temperature: 13oC
The required condition is achieved by first cooling and dehumidifying and then by heating. Calculate
the following:
(i)
The cooling is capacity of the cooling coli and its by-pass factor
(ii)
Heating capacity of the heating coil In kW and surface temperature of the heating coli if bypass factor is 0.3.
(iii)
The mass of water vapour removed per hour
Solve this problem wit the use of psychrometric chart
4. Explain different psychrometric terms.
UNIT VIII
1. An air conditioning plant is to be designed for a small office for winter conditions:
Outdoor conditions
= 10oC DBT and 8oC WBT
Required indoor conditions
= 20oC DBT and 60% RH
Amount of air circulation
= 0.3 m3/min/person
The required condition is achieved first by heating and then by adiabatic humidifying. Find 1.
heating capacity of the coil in KW and the surface temperature, if the by-pass factor of the coil is
0.32; and 2. Capacity of the humidifier.
2. Draw a neat diagram of air conditioning system required for winter season. Explain the working of
different components in the circuit.
3. a) Explain with a neat sketch the working of Room – Air conditioner.
b) What is a Heat – Pump? Explain in detail the different heat pump circuits with sketches
4. (a) Discuss the common considerations for humidification of air in air conditioning.
(b) What are the different methods of humidifying the air? Explain the working of any one of the
atomizing water type humidifier.