ADS-B 1090ES Extraction
User Manual
Edition: 004
Date: 19-Jun-13
Status: Released Issue
ADS-B 1090ES Extraction
Edition Date: 19-Jun-13
DOCUMENT CHARACTERISTICS
General
ADS-B 1090ES Extraction
User Manual
Edition:
004
Edition Date:
19-June-2013
Status:
Released Issue
Keywords:
ADS-B, 1090ES, ARF800, GP-1090, Radar Accuracy, Probability of
detection, DHM, SLS
Abstract:
ADS-B Extended Squitter (ES) is transmitted on 1090MHz according to
the DO-260/ED102 MOPS. ADS-B signals can easily be received on RF
using an omni-directional antenna. A portable setup of ADS-B Receiver
(ARF800) and associated antenna in combination with the RIM782 or
UVR892, performs extraction of the ADS-B signals with an output of
ASTERIX CAT021 data for displaying and further analysis.
This user manual handles about the DHM, RIM782 and ARF800 for
ADS-B extraction.
Contact Information
Author:
Mike Martin, Bert Sauviller
Editor:
Hans Versmissen, Jeroen Janssens
Contact Person:
Bert Sauviller
Tel:
+32 14 23 18 11
E-mail Address:
support@intersoft-electronics.com
Document Control Information
Document Name:
IE-UM-00054-004 ADS-B 1090ES Extractor.odt
Path:
Z:\Development\Radar\RASS-R\RASS-R_Manuals\ADS-B\
Host System:
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Software:
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DOCUMENT CHANGE RECORD
Revision
Date
Reasons for change
Pages
Affected
Approved
by
001
25-Sep-07
Initial Release
All
BS, AB
002
05-Oct-10
This document replaces the old manual titled All
“ADS-B Test Receiver” dealing with the
AAK801/838 antenna (which is not part of
this updated manual anymore);
Applicable RASS Software:
RASS-R version 3.5.0
DHM version 2.10.0
MRD3 version 3.7.2
RASS-S7 version 7.0.2p5+add-on
MM, BS
003
09-Dec-10
Reviewed for RASS-R 3.6.0 release
10-14
JJ
004
19-Jun-13
Reviewed for RASS-R 3.7.0 release.
Reference to UVR892 added.
8-13
JJ
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. ADS-B 1090 EXTENDED SQUITTER............................................................................8
2. FIELD APPLICATIONS..................................................................................................9
2.1. Extraction of ADS-B on SLS channel of SSR radar.........................................................................9
2.2. Extraction of ADS-B with ARF800 and GP-1090 antenna..............................................................10
2.3. Configuration of the Data Handling Manager.................................................................................11
2.3.1. Getting Started............................................................................................................................ 11
2.3.2. Configuration of the “ADS-B INTERSOFT” Session ..................................................................13
2.4. Examples of extracted data in MRD3..............................................................................................16
3. ARF800................................................................................................................18
3.1. Specifications................................................................................................................................... 18
3.2. Connections...................................................................................................................................... 18
3.3. Status Indicators............................................................................................................................... 19
3.4. ARF 800 Verification......................................................................................................................... 19
4. GP-1090 ANTENNA (WITH PRE-AMPLIFIER&FILTER MODULE)......................................21
4.1. Specifications................................................................................................................................... 21
4.2. GP-1090 Performance....................................................................................................................... 22
5. ANNEXES................................................................................................................23
Annex 1: Configuration List: ARF800.................................................................................................... 23
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TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1.1: ARF800......................................................................................................................................... 8
Figure 2.1: SSR SLS Channel Implementation............................................................................................. 9
Figure 2.2: ARF800 (with GP-1090 Antenna) Implementation...................................................................10
Figure 2.3: RASS-R Toolbox........................................................................................................................ 11
Figure 2.4: DHM Configuration Manager.................................................................................................... 11
Figure 2.5: DHM Configuration Manager.................................................................................................... 12
Figure 2.6: ADS-B extraction Session........................................................................................................ 13
Figure 2.7: ADS-B extraction Session – ADS-B Decoder..........................................................................13
Figure 2.8: ADS-B Session – Final Example.............................................................................................. 15
Figure 2.9: Inspect the running session..................................................................................................... 15
Figure 2.10: ASTERIX CAT021 content of a selected target.....................................................................16
Figure 2.11: ADS-B result in MRD3............................................................................................................. 17
Figure 3.1: ARF800 front and rear panel..................................................................................................... 18
Figure 3.2: ARF800 Calibration Curve........................................................................................................ 19
Figure 3.3: ARF800 Bandwidth Curve......................................................................................................... 20
Figure 4.1: GP-1090 Antenna....................................................................................................................... 21
Figure 4.2: Theoretical horizontal polar diagram.......................................................................................22
TABLE OF TABLES
Table 1: ARF800 Specifications................................................................................................................... 18
Table 2: GP-1090 Specifications................................................................................................................. 21
Table 3: AS-1090 Specifications.................................................................................................................. 21
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CONVENTIONS USED
G
Note: This icon to the left of bold italicized text denotes a note, which alerts you to
important information.
%
Caution: This icon to the left of bold italicized text denotes a caution, which alerts you to the
possibility of data loss or a system crash.
M
Warning: This icon to the left of bold italicized text denotes a warning, which alerts you to
the possibility of damage to you or your equipment.
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GLOSSARY OF TERMS
ADS-B
Annex 10
ATC
COTS
CPU
dB
FL
FRUIT
GPS
ICAO
ICD
IE
IF
I/O
IP
LAN
LVA
MSSR
NM
OEM
PPI
PSR
Radar
RASS-R
RASS-S
RDP
RF
RTQC
RX
SAC
SIC
SLS
SNR
Squitter
SSR
STC
TACAN
TCP
TIS-B
Transponder
TX
Uplink
UTC
Automatic Dependent Surveillance, Broadcast
Aeronautical Telecommunication, Annex 10 to the Convention on
International Civil Aviation, the principle international document
defining SSR
Air Traffic Control
Commercial Off The Shelf
Computer Processing Unit
Decibel
Flight Level, unit of altitude (expressed in 100’s of feet)
False Replies Unsynchronized In Time, unwanted SSR replies
received by an interrogator which have been triggered by other
interrogators
Global Positioning System
International Civil Aviation Organization
Interface Control Document
Intersoft Electronics
Intermediate Frequency
Input/Output
Internet Protocol
Local Area Network
Large Vertical Aperture (antenna)
Monopulse Secondary Surveillance Radar
Nautical Mile, unit of distance
Original Equipment Manufacturer
Plan Position Indicator
Primary Surveillance Radar
Radio Detection And Ranging
Radar Analysis Support Systems – Real-time measurements
Radar Analysis Support Systems – Site measurements
Radar Data Processing (system)
Radio Frequency
Real Time Quality Control
Receiver
System Area Code
System Identification Code
Side Lobe Suppression, a technique to avoid eliciting transponder
replies in response to interrogations transmitted via antenna
sidelobes
Signal-to-Noise ratio
Random reply by a transponder not triggered by an interrogation
Secondary Surveillance Radar
Sensitivity Time Control
Tactical Air Navigation
Transmission Control Protocol
Traffic Information Services, Broadcast
Airborne unit of the SSR system, detects an interrogator’s
transmission and responds with a coded reply stating either the
aircraft’s identity or its flight level
Transmitter
Ground-to-air signal path
Coordinated Universal Time
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1. ADS-B 1090 EXTENDED SQUITTER
In recent years, more and more aircraft are being equipped with GPS based navigation tools. This implies
that the standard Mode-S reply is enhanced with GPS-based positional information like longitude, latitude
and true height; as well as identification information of the targets (downlink format DF17 and DF18).
ADS-B Extended Squitter (ES) is transmitted on 1090MHz according to the DO-260/ED102 MOPS.
ADS-B signals can easily be received on RF using an omni-directional antenna which is placed at
sufficient height to avoid screening from the environment nearby (i.e. buildings, obstacles).
ADS-B can for example be received by the SLS-antenna when this has a video output on the radar receiver.
This video signal can be connected to Intersoft Electronics' Radar Interface Module (RIM782) or USB Video
Recorder (UVR892) to extract the pulses and to make ASTERIX CAT021 data.
In case there is no omni-channel available on the radar receiver -or there is even no radar (yet)- you can
simply use a portable setup of ADS-B Receiver (ARF800) and
associated antenna in combination with the same RIM782 or
UVR892. Dependent on height and screening,
a maximum range of 300NM can be obtained,
while 120NM range is sufficient for analysis
with Radar Comparator Dual.
Applications of the extracted ADS-B data
ADS-B data is an interesting alternative source for situational
Figure 1.1: ARF800
awareness (Multi Radar Display MRD3) and can be used as a
separate source of target position information. This source of data can be used as the reference data for
comparison with radar data (PSR, SSR, Mode-S), which will be under test. In this way, ADS-B data can
assist to calculate the radar's Accuracy and Biases by comparing the radar data to this ADS-B data. (Radar
Comparator Dual or RCD)
Other Intersoft Electronics ADS-B test tools exist, for example an ADS-B target generator (based on the
Radar Environment Simulator or RES). This tool generates the ADS-B 1090ES messages at RF for more
than 1024 targets simultaneously, including garbling replies which are always present in the heavily loaded
1090MHz environment. The description of this tool is not part of this document.
This user manual
This user manual focuses on examples of field applications and methods to record ADS-B data for further
use, but also includes relative specifications on the ARF800 receiver and GP-1090 antenna. The RCD to
make analysis of the data, is not discussed in this user manual.
The required equipment for extraction of ADS-B replies and creation of plots from these squitters are
listed below:
•
•
•
•
•
ARF800 and GP-1090 Antenna (in case no SLS-channel of the SSR receiver can be used)
RIM7821 for sampling of video data, connected with GPS450 for UTC time synchronization
RASS-R Data Handling Module (DHM) with ADS-B extraction module
RASS-R Multi Radar Display 3 (MRD3) to visualize the extracted ADS-B plots
High end PC or Laptop
Please refer to the relative manuals on the DHM, MRD3, RIM782, RCD for more information on these
products.
1 A UVR892 could be used as alternative.
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2. FIELD APPLICATIONS
As already discussed in the introduction, the two key elements of ADS-B plot extraction are the RASS-R
DHM software module and the RIM782 (or UVR892) video recording device. Besides these, an ADS-B
receiver and antenna is required to detect ADS-B messages and convert them into video. Examples of
various implementation are discussed below.
2.1. Extraction of ADS-B on SLS channel of SSR radar
The Side Lobe Suppression channel (SLS or Ω) of a Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) can be used to
detect the ADS-B messages and convert them to video. Make the following connections as in Figure 2.1:
•
The SSR (SLS or Ω) receiver channel output has to be connected to the RIM782 2, for example video
channel 1
•
The RIM7822 can have a GPS450 connected for UTC time synchronization
•
The RIM7822 is connected to the PC (laptop or desktop), via a USB-2 cable
•
This PC requires as a minimum the RASS-R DHM software to be installed, which will retrieve the video
of the ADS-B via the setup as defined in paragraph 2.3. Optionally, the MRD3 and the RCM/D, as well
as the RASS-S toolbox, can be installed on the PC.
Remark that in this application, the ARF800 is not used.
Figure 2.1: SSR SLS Channel Implementation
G
The maximum obtainable range by using this method will depend on the sensitivity of the
radar and screening of the environment. Ranges above 200NM can be expected, but the
gaps between detections will increase through garbling with FRUIT.
2 A UVR892 could be used as alternative.
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2.2. Extraction of ADS-B with ARF800 and GP-1090 antenna
In case there is no omni-channel and receiver available on the radar, one can use the portable setup
consisting of the ARF800 and GP-1090 antenna. The GP-1090 is an omni-directional antenna and a
horizontal coverage of 360 degrees is predicted. Similarly to when an omni-channel is available on the radar,
the RIM7823 is used to perform the ADS-B extraction. Make the following connections as in Figure 2.2.
•
Connect the GP-1090 ADS-B antenna to the Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) and Filter module.
•
From the LNA&Filter module, there is 30m coax cable that must be connected to the ARF800 RF
input
•
Connect the video-output of the ARF800 to one of the video channels of the RIM782 (preferably
channel 1)
•
The RB cable (RASS Bus) is used to power the ARF800.
•
The RIM7823 requires a GPS450 connected for UTC synchronous time of detection timestamping of
the data
•
The RIM7823 is connected to the PC (laptop or desktop), via USB2 cable
•
This PC requires as a minimum the RASS-R DHM software to be installed, which will retrieve the
video of the ADS-B via the setup as defined in paragraph 2.3. Optionally, the MRD3 and the RCM/D,
as well as the RASS-S toolbox, can be installed on the PC
Figure 2.2: ARF800 (with GP-1090 Antenna) Implementation
For an example of obtained range, refer to paragraph 4.2 GP-1090 Performance.
3 A UVR892 could be used as alternative.
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2.3. Configuration of the Data Handling Manager
2.3.1.
Getting Started
First launch the RASS-R toolbox. The RASS-R Toolbox window will open (refer Figure 2.3).
Figure 2.3: RASS-R Toolbox
From the RASS-R Toolbox, launch the Data Handling Module. The DHM Configuration Manager window will
open (refer Figure 2.4).
Figure 2.4: DHM Configuration Manager
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At this stage, connect to the localhost DHM Background server, by clicking the “Connect” button
.
Before continuing, a DHM session needs to be created. To create a session, the following step need to be
followed:
•
Enter your session name in the “Name” field (for this example, the “ADS-B INTERSOFT” is used)
and then click the “Create Session” button
.
Figure 2.5: DHM Configuration Manager
Your session has been created as shown in Figure 2.5. To edit your session, select your session as shown in
Figure 2.5 and click the “Open Session Editor” Button
.
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Configuration of the “ADS-B INTERSOFT” Session
When the DHM Session Editor window is open, the ADS-BDecoder modules is the first module to be added
for this setup. This module can be located under the “Proprietary Input” list, as part of the “RIM 782 4”
submenu and is called the “V ADS-BDecoder[43]”. Double click on the menu to add the module as shown in
Figure 2.6.
Figure 2.6: ADS-B extraction Session
To define the parameters for the ADS-BDecoder module, refer to the DHM User Manual.
After entering the parameters, the ADS-B Decoder module sends the extracted pulses as a bitstream to the
ADS-B module. This module will code the individual bits into meaningful data items as described in ASTERIX
CAT021. This part of the session is shown in Figure 2.7 and the ADS-B module can be located under the
“Manipulation” list.
Figure 2.7: ADS-B extraction Session – ADS-B Decoder
To define the parameter for the ADS-B module, refer to the DHM User Manual.
4 A UVR892 could be used as alternative.
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The remaining modules to be included within the session will depend on the Users requirements. Figure 2.8
shows three possible implementation examples, they are detailed as follows:
1) The ADS-B decoder module can be setup to output EDR format. This EDR format contains
ASTERIX CAT021. To convert the ASTERIX CAT021 reformated data again, an
AsterixCat021Convert module is required and can be located under the “Convert” list. Double click
on the menu to select the module. To define the parameters for the AsterixCat021Convert module,
refer to the DHM User Manual. To display this data on a MRD3, a RadarOutput module is required
and can be located under the “Proprietary Output” list. Double click on the menu to select the
module. To define the parameters for the RadarOutput module, refer to the DHM User Manual.
2) The ADS-B module can be setup to output D6 format. D6 format is the internal data format used by
RASS-R to transport any plot related data (such as target range, azimuth, XY position, longitude,
latitude, A-code, S-address, etc) to a client, such as a MRD3.
To display the data on a MRD3, a RadarOutput module is required and can be located under the
“Proprietary Output” list. Double click on the menu to select the module. To define the parameters for
the RadarOutput module, refer to the DHM User Manual. With this configuration, the MRD3 will not
provide any ASTERIX CAT021 data in the display info window.
3) To be able to analyse the ADS-B data via tools like for example the Radar Comparator Mono/Dual
or the RASS-S Inventory tool, an S4 file (or D6, see remark below) is required to be recorded. To
perform this, the D6 output of the ADS-B module must first be converted to S4 format. A D6ToS4
module is required to perform this convert and can be located under the “Manipulation” list. Double
click on the menu to select the module. To define the parameters for the D6ToS4 module, refer to the
DHM User Manual. This S4 output can then be recorded. A S4Recorder module is required to
perform this recording and can be located under the “Record” list. Double click on the menu to select
the module. To define the parameters for the S4Recorder module, refer to the DHM User Manual.
G
For analysis purposes, it is strongly recommended to record the D6 data directly from the
ADS-B module. D6 data fields have more accuracy and resolution than the ASTERIX
CAT021 data. (for example TOD, longitude, latitude) Moreover, ADS-B in D6 also contains
data fields that are not present in the ASTERIX CAT021 data, like for example power.
Remark: from RASS-S version 7.0.2, the Inventory tool, as well as the Radar Comparator,
can both input S4 and D6 data. The user is free to choose for a D6Recorder module or a
combination of the D6ToS4 module and a S4Recorder.
Once your session has been defined, click the “Play” Button
Figure 2.8.
to play your session. The result is shown in
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1
2
3
Figure 2.8: ADS-B Session – Final Example
Finally, the user can inspect the running session:
Figure 2.9: Inspect the running session
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2.4. Examples of extracted data in MRD3
Refer to the MRD3 user manual for further information on setting up the MRD3. Figure 2.11 Shows the
results of extracted ADS-B data as derived from the above mentioned methods. A GP-1090 antenna is
located at 10m height, on top of our factory in Belgium. The obtained range, as you can see in Figure 2.11, is
almost 180NM.
The figure below shows the Display Info dialog of a selected target in the MRD3, on the condition that a
AsterixCat021Convert is used (as explained in example 2 above).
Figure 2.10: ASTERIX CAT021 content of a selected
target
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Figure 2.11: ADS-B result in MRD3
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3. ARF800
3.1. Specifications
Figure 3.1: ARF800 front and rear panel
The ARF800 specifications are defined in the table below:
Table 1: ARF800 Specifications
Parameter
Value
Maximum input power (non damaging)
10dBm
Operating Frequency
Bandwidth
1090MHz
10MHz
Dynamic Range
60dB
Video Output Voltage
Operating Temperature
Power Consumption
DC-injector on coaxial cable to power LNA&Filter module
0 to +2V
-40°C to +60°C
10W
12V DC
3.2. Connections
The ARF800 has four external connectors, as defined below:
1. RF in 1090MHz
a) SMA Female connector
b) Connect to the LNA&Filter module
2. Video Out
a) BNC Female connector
b) Connect to RIM782
3. Power In (RB1)
a) DB15 Female connector
b) Connect to 15Vdc power supply
4. Power Out (RB2)
a) DB15 Female connector
b) Connect to other RASS equipment which requires power
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3.3. Status Indicators
The ARF800 is fitted with three status indicators. These provide the following information:
•
Power (blue) – this indicates the presence of power to the ARF800 receiver.
•
Error (red) – this is a warning indicating that there is a shortcut on the 12V DC injected voltage to the
LNA&Filter module, or that the LNA&Filter module is not connect at all (based on current
measurement).
•
Signal (green) – this indicates the detection of signal.
3.4. ARF 800 Verification
The ARF800 is a portable device that is specially designed for the ADS-B 1090ES application. The ARF800
is required to convert the RF signals available at the antenna output into a video base band signal, more
convenient for further processing. The dynamic range of the RX (noise floor to saturation level) can be
measured directly by using the Radar Field Analyser (RFA 641) and the RASS-S software. The dynamic
range has been adapted to suit the typical gain and expected power levels for ADS-B squitters in the range
of 1 to 200NM from the antenna.
The calibration routine will use the RFA to send RF pulses, with increasing amplitudes, into the ARF800
under test. The video output of these receivers is digitized by the RFA and used to build the calibration table.
The RX calibration result consists of a receiver output voltage versus RF input power table and can be seen
in Figure 3.2. The ARF800 has a dynamic range of 60dB.
For more information about the calibration of a receiver, please turn to the online user manual of the RASS-S
software.
Figure 3.2: ARF800 Calibration Curve
The same RFA setup is used to measure the bandwidth of the receiver under test. Figure 3.3 shows the
results with a centre frequency of 1090MHz and the bandwidth of 10MHz.
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Figure 3.3: ARF800 Bandwidth Curve
For more information about the bandwidth of a receiver, please turn to the online user manual of the RASS-S
software.
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4. GP-1090 ANTENNA (WITH PRE-AMPLIFIER&FILTER MODULE)
Figure 4.1: GP-1090
Antenna
4.1. Specifications
The GP-1090 Antenna specifications are defined in the table below:
Table 2: GP-1090 Specifications
Parameter
Value
Bandwidth
1070 to 1110MHz
Gain
5dB ±0.5dB
Length
530mm including mast clamp
The AS-1090 Low Noise Pre-Amplifier&Filter module specifications are defined in the table below:
Table 3: AS-1090 Specifications
Parameter
Operating Frequency (filtered)
Bandwidth (3dB)
Value
1090MHz
13MHz
Gain
9dB
Noise Figure
0.9dB
Supply Voltage
+12Vdc over Coax
Power Consumption
80mA
Maximum Input Level
+3dB
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4.2. GP-1090 Performance
In LabVIEW, it is possible to generate the Vertical Polar Diagram or VPD from the GP-1090 antenna, in
combination with the ARF800 and the RIM782. Below is a theoretical horizontal polar diagram of an omnidirectional dipole antenna.
Figure 4.2: Theoretical horizontal
polar diagram
Based on 700 000 ADS-B plots containing power in [dBm], together with a correct calibration file of both
RIM782 and ARF800, the following VPD is obtained.
Figure 4.3: GP-1090 (withARF800) VPD Coverage Diagram
As one can see, there is high gain at low elevation, where multipath reception and/or local screening creates
variations below 4 degrees elevation. The cone of silence is 46 degrees in elevation.
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5. ANNEXES
Annex 1: Configuration List: ARF800
Check
Qty
Description/Item
ADS-B Receiver - P800
O
1
ADS-B Receiver Front End - ARF800
O
1
Power supply: 15V-6A DB15HD
O
1
Power cable
ARF800 Accessories
O
1
Low Noise Pre-Amplifier & Filter module
O
1
GP-1090 Antenna
O
1
30m SMA(m) to SMA(m) low loss cable
O
1
0.45m N(m) to N(m) cable
O
1
N(m) to SMA(f) adapter
Transport case
O
1
Transport case 430W x 551H x 200D (mm)
O
1
Padlock
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