Chapter 25 Study Guide
Australia, New Zealand, Oceania, Antarctica
Section 1
Terms/Places/People to Know
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Maori-first New Zealand settlers.
Melanesia-region that includes Fiji and Papua New Guinea.
Micronesia-region that includes Nauru, Palau, and Marshall Islands.
Aborigines-original settlers in Australia.
Polynesia-region that includes Tuvalu, Samoa, and Tonga. Also where the first settlers of New Zealand
were from.
6. Commonwealth of Nations-Australia and New Zealand are both members of this group.
7. Spices-What the first European explorers were looking for when exploring the Pacific Islands.
8. Treaty of Waitangi-gave control of New Zealand to Great Britain in 1840.
9. British Colonies-Both Australia and New Zealand were a part of Great Britain.
10. Guam-Oceana territory that belongs to the United States.
Section 2
Terms/Places/People to Know
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Copra-refers to an agricultural product made from coconuts.
Cathy Freeman-lit the Olympic flame in Sydney, Australia in September, 2000.
Matrilineal Society-people of Papua New Guinea have this type of society.
Bauxite-Australia is the leading producer of this product.
Mining and Farming-What Australia’s economy depends on.
Charlie Perkins-Spent many years fighting for Aborigines’ rights in Australia.
Sydney-city where the 2000 Summer Olympics were held.
Extended Response Questions
1. How were the original settlers and their descendants in New Zealand and Australia treated by the
Europeans who arrived later?
a. Europeans-Maori, Aborigines-Australia, populations in Australia and New Zealand
Some Europeans brought diseases, which killed off a large number of the natives. Some were also
enslaved. Once Australia became more populated, the Aborigines were forced into the country’s interior.
In New Zealand, less than 20% of the population today is of Maori descent.
2. How are the economies of Australia and New Zealand different from the economies of the islands of
Oceania?
a. Importance of agriculture in different economies, major sources of income in the islands of
Oceania, trading partners of different countries
Australia was home to the 2000 Summer Olympics. Many tourists travel to these areas. Australia and
New Zealand still depend more on farming than do most other developed countries. Australia trades
primarily with Japan. Australia’s economy is also dependent on mining and farming. People in Oceania
fish, grow their own food, and build their own homes.