Worker Safety
10 Most Common OSHA Violations
Top 10 Violations for Facilities
• PPE
• Electrical Hazards
– Lock-Out/Tag-Out
– Flexible Extension Cords
• Machine Guarding
• Hazard Communication
• Fall Protection
• Portable Fire Extinguishers
• Welding & Compressed Gasses
• Documented Training Records
2015 Penalties
• Ashley Furniture
– Fined $2,280,200.00
– Failure to Protect Employees from Moving Machine Parts
• Dollar Tree
– $825.000.00
– Blocked Emergency Exits
– Improper Material Storage
– Electrical Hazards
OSHA Penalty Increases
• Penalty Increases of 78% beginning August 1, 2016
– Other Than Serious
$ 7,000.00
$ 12,471.00
– Serious
$ 7,000.00
$ 12,471.00
– Failure to Abate
$ 7,000.00
$ 12,471.00
– Willful or Repeat
$70,000.00
$124,709.00
Using New Penalty Assessments ---• Dollar Tree
– Penalty Change
$ 825,000.00
$1,468,500.00
$2,280,000.00
$4,058,756.00
• Ashley Furniture
– Penalty Change
Personal Protective Equipment
Injuries
• 25% of ALL Workplace Injuries involve Hands
– 110,000 Lost Time Injuries every year
– 1,000,000 employees go to the Emergency Room with Hand Injuries each year
– 70% not wearing gloves
• 770 Face Injuries only 1% were wearing PPE
• 1,000 eye injuries every day
– Only 40% of those employees were wearing Eye Protection
• Biggest Challenge for Compliance
– Needs to fit and be comfortable
Personal Protective Equipment
• PPE
– Assessment
• Determine Tasks that Require PPE
• What Types of PPE
– You Can’t Just give out PPE
• Engineering out the Hazard
• Administrative Controls
• PPE
Engineering Controls
If . . .
The machine or work environment can be physically changed to
prevent employee exposure to the potential hazard,
Then . . .
The hazard can be eliminated with an engineering control.
OSHA Office of Training and Education
9
Engineering out the Hazard
Central Park New
York City, the light
fixtures are lowered
to the ground when
they need to be
changed.
This eliminates the
need for working at
height.
Work Practice Controls
If . . .
Employees can be removed from exposure to the potential
hazard by changing the way they do their jobs,
Then . . .
The hazard can be eliminated with a work practice control.
OSHA Office of Training and Education
11
PPE Continued
– Training
•
•
•
•
•
•
Use
Limitations
Fit
Maintenance
Discarding
Obtaining New PPE
– How is PPE given out to Employees
• Company Pays for PPE
• How is it Replaced
• Must Fit All
PPE Continued
– Enforcement
• Enforcement Policy/Procedure
• 3-Strikes, etc.
• Must be Documented
Electrical Safety
Electrical Hazards Continued
• Electrical Hazards
– Arc Flash
• Most Hospital Admissions result from Arc-flash burns, not electrical shock
• 30,000 arc-flash events yearly
– Burns
• 7,000 burns annually
• 2,000 employees enter burn centers
• 300 fatalities
– Falls
• Ladders/Elevated Surfaces
Electrical Hazards
• Lock-Out/Tag-Out
– Program
– Procedures
– Train Employees
• Flexible Extension Cords
–
–
–
–
Use
Type
Inspection
Removal From Service
• Training
– Documented
– Frequency
– Qualified Personnel
Electrical Hazards Continued
• Pre-work Job Briefings
– Conducted Before Work Begins
– Specific to the Work Being Done
• Use of Insulated Tools
– Use
– Limitations
– Cleaning
– Replacement
Machine Guarding
OSHA Citations for Machine Guarding (2012)
• Citations
– Osha Issued 2831 Citations
• Penalty Amounts
– $9,120,642.00
• Injuries
– 833
– Over ½ of these employees did not receive training
Machine Guarding
• Assess Machines
– Guards Shall Not Be Removed
• Machine Guarding
–
–
–
–
Point of Operation
All Parts of a Machine that could Move
Feed Mechanisms
In-Running Nip Points
• Moving Machine Parts
–
–
–
–
Crush Injuries
Amputations
Burns
Blindness
Machine Guarding
• Training
– All Employees Shall be Trained on Machines
– Training Must be Documented
– Training must be on Specific Tool or Machine
• Inspections of Machines
– Machines must be Inspected
– Employees must be monitored for Compliance
• Enforcement
– Disciplinary Action for Removal of Guards
Hazard Communication
Hazard Communication
• Hazardous Chemical Assessment
– What & Where
– Written Program
• Compile Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
– SDS must be available
– Must contain Index
• Train Employees
–
–
–
–
–
Chemical Use
Where SDS located
Hazards of Chemicals
Proper PPE
Labelling
Hazard Communication Continued
• Storage of Chemicals
– Compatibility
– Fire Hazard
– Amount Stored
• Labelled
– Chemicals must be Properly Labelled
– Globally Harmonized System
– When Chemicals are Transferred from Original to Another Container
Fall Protection
Fall Prevention & Protection
• According to the
National Safety
Council (NSC),
falls are the
second highest
cause of death in
the work place.
Is Falling a Problem
in the Work Place
• In 2014 there
were
approximately
100,000 disabling
injuries and 660
deaths from
work-related falls.
Costs Associated with Fall Injuries
• Direct Cost of Falls:
• $13 Billion Annually
• Includes wage loss and
medical expenses
• What about the Indirect
Costs?
National Safety Council - 2011
Fall Protection
• Assessment
– Determine Hazards
• Develop Program
–
–
–
–
Hazard Recognition
Fall Protection Equipment
Training
Enforcement
• Train Employees
–
–
–
–
–
Proper PPE
Use
Limitations
Cleaning
Discard/Replacement
Fall Protection Assessment
• Ladders
–
–
–
–
–
3-points of contact
Proper Set up
Secured from Movement
Extension vs A-Frame ladders
Training
• Roofs
– Assess Areas for Fall Protection Requirements
– Engineer Out the Hazard
• Windows
– Cleaning
– Replacement
Fall Protection Assessment Continued
• Wall & Floor Openings
– Floor Holes 1”
– Wall Openings 4’ drop
– Covers
– Guardrail
• Machinery
– Anything over 6’
– Moving Parts
• Vehicles
– Anything over 6’
Fall Protection Systems
Fire Extinguishers
Fire Extinguishers
• Assessment
– Located within 75’ of travel/50’ near Flammable Liquids
– Types
•
•
•
•
A – Trash, paper, cardboard
B – Flammable Liquids
C – Electrical
Combination A,B,C
• Inspections
– Annual
– Monthly
– Documented
• Cleaning
• Blocked or Obstructed
Welding & Compressed Gasses
Hotel Fires from Careless Welders
• Jan. 25, 2008 — A fire at the Monte Carlo casino-hotel injured 17 people,
most suffering from smoke inhalation, and closed the Strip resort for three
weeks. Workers who did not have proper welding permits accidentally
sparked the fire with molten metal from a hand-held cutting torch,
according to Clark County Fire Department inspectors.
• Aug. 25, 1964 — A fire that started on the roof of the Sahara hotel-casino
sent gamblers out into the street and caused an estimated $1 million in
damage before firefighters put out the blaze. A handful of people were
treated for smoke inhalation, including hotel executive Herb McDonald.
The fire ignited from a spark from a welder's torch during the installation of
an air conditioning unit.
Welding and Compressed Gasses
• Assessment of Materials
– Toxic – Cadmium, lead, etc
– Coatings
• Cylinders
– Transportation
– Storage
– Protection of Valves
• Fire Prevention
–
–
–
–
Fire Watch
Fire Extinguishers
Fire Blankets
Remove
Welding & Compressed Gasses Cont
• PPE
– Welding Hood
– Gloves
– Fire Retardant Clothing
• Training
– Specific to Welding Operation
– Documented
Your Protection From OSHA Citations
• Documentation
– Document-Document-Document
– Detailed Training Records
– If OSHA asks for your records what do you want them to see
– How do you want the OSHA Inspection to end?
• Preplanning
– What did you do to Prevent Injuries or Citations
– Documentation
• The Objective is Zero Injuries and Zero Citations!
Questions?