The Journal of Korean-American Scientists and Engineers Association The Journal of Korean-American Scientists and Engineers Association Vol. 42 No. 1 (Serial No. 223) October 2013 ISBN 978-0-9911337-0-3 www.ksea.org KSEA 42 LETTERS Vol.42 no.1 Chapter, APS, and HQ News Highlights of UKC 2013 The Journal of Korean-American Scientists and Engineers Association Vol. 42 No. 1 (Serial No. 223) October 2013 ISBN 978-0-9911337-0-3 www.ksea.org KSEA 42 LETTERS Vol.42 no.1 KOREAN-AMERICAN SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS ASSOCIATION 1952 Gallows Road, Suite 300, Vienna, VA 22182 Tel. 703-748-1221. Fax. 703-748-1331 sejong@ksea.org http://www.ksea.org TABLE OF CONTENTS Editorial Note02 Message from the 42nd President03 Highlights of UKC 2013 UKC 2013 Summary05 Welcoming and Congratulatory Remarks06 Keynote and Plenary Presentations07 Technical Group Symposium Summary Reports 08 Forums Summary Reports21 YG Program Report28 Testimonials30 Post-UKC 2013 Comments32 KSEA Awards Recipients33 Featured Articles Automated Laser Pavement Image Collection and Analysis System 35 Technical Articles Multiferroics for Frequency Agile Microwave Applications 37 Polo-like Kinase 1 (Plk1) in Mitotic Control and Anti-Cancer Therapy 40 Essay42 KSEA YG Organization44 KSEA HQ News MOU45 APS News KAFTA Annual Meeting47 Chapter News West-Coast Regional Conference48 Student Essay50 KSEA Sponsors51 KSEA Sponsor Advertisements53 KSEA Organization72 42nd KSEA Publication Team EDITORIAL NOTE FOR KSEA LETTERS Journal of the Korean-American Scientists & Engineers Association A MESSAGE FROM THE PUBLICATION DIRECTORS OF THE KSEA 42ND ADMINISTRATION PROF. JUN BUM SHIN Publication Director 1 Assistant Professor James Madison University Summer is gone, and now Fall has come! The excitement, joys, both sparkling and humbling moments and promises for future at the US-Korea Conference (UKC) 2013 are still vivid, but slowly moving behind us. Probably it is the time for us to look back at the last UKC 2013 held at Sheraton Hotel in New Jersey on August 7–10, 2013. During the conference, we met more than 1200 scientists, engineers and entrepreneurs from US and Korea; hosted more than 900 research presentations; and recognized more than 20 awards for senior, junior, and future scientists and engineers. We also have observed numerous engagements, both new and continued, among the Scientists and Engineers with Korean-heritage in the US. We believe that such a noticeable magnitude of activities in the conference reflects enhanced recognition and voices of KSEA in the US. We have seen stellar performances of myriad researchers in our KSEA community. We had more than 400 presentations from active professors, CEOs, and government leadership. We are certain that many of you received inspiration, sparks, and promises for your research. Some might have received life-changing lessons. We also had pleasure in interacting with future generations of undergraduate, graduate students as well as postdoctoral scholars, through their presentations. They were surely bright and full of potentials. We wish to remind that the KSEA publication can hold only so much of those inspiration and amazing research results presented at the UKC 2013. While our KSEA activities are growing, we are still limited in the access to your responses as well as the operation cost and time. We encourage all the KSEA members to share experiences with the rest of the KSEA community. PROF. HANSEUP KIM Publication Director 2 Some of you actively participated in the UKC 2013, many of you supported the event through various engagements, and all of you, we hope, will enjoy this KSEA publication and get encouraged by what happened in UKC 2013. Assistant Professor University of Utah Publication Directors PROF. KEN CHOI Publication Director 3 Associate Professor Illinois Institute of Technology KSEA LETTERS Vol. 42 No. 1 October 2013 Published by the Korean-American Scientists and Engineers Association. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, in any form or any means, without the prior written permission of KSEA. KSEA assumes no responsibility for statements and opinions expressed in this publication. KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 2 Message from the 42nd President Dear All KSEA Members, Greetings! DR. MYONG JONG LEE 42nd KSEA PRESIDENT It is a great honor to serve you as the president of KSEA. It has already been more than a year since I was elected to the 42nd presidency by your support. This period has been an enormous blessing to me as I was able to work with so many good hearted and able KSEA members and collaborate with many leaders of Korea’s government, industry, and research organizations, in preparing US-Korea Conference 2013, and in carrying out the 42nd administration business. I would like to thank all of them from the bottom of my heart. In recent years, KSEA witnessed tremendous growth in many areas thanks to the visionary leadership and sacrifices offered by presidents, directors, staffs, and all levels of leadership. Our KSEA, however, is not without challenges. How can we sustain this momentum and advance toward a respected premier US organization? I believe KSEA’s mission statement provides the guidance: US-Korea cooperation, career development, and community services in science, engineering, and entrepreneurship. In light of KSEA’s mission, I would like to take this opportunity to share the 42nd administration’s vision and business plan. My vision of the 42nd admin. is to promote “Harmonious and Sustainable growth for all KSEA constituents”. The sustainable growth must come from the three tightly coupled areas: membership, technical excellence, and finance. It is encouraging to see KSEA’s paid membership reach approximation 5,000. Within two months since the 42nd admin. started, two new chapters have been formed already and some are in the making. Along with the growth of membership, many technical and networking activities are planned by chapters and Affiliated Professional Societies (APS). These increased activities are critical driving forces of the growth. Below I will highlight the main thrusts of this administration. Membership & Benefit: The ultimate justification of the existence of KSEA comes down to a simple question: whether KSEA is felt to be beneficial to its members, particularly in view of professional careers and networking. Membership drive led by membership directors entails good approaches: new chapters and APSs, revitalization of dormant inactive chapters/branches/YG, visits, etc. In addition to precious networking opportunities, we seek to provide tangible career benefits as well. There have been demands from partners in Korea for proposal evaluations, collaborative project proposals, expert groups, and technical surveys. For instance, during UKC 2013, several organizations offered collaborative projects. Fourteen named forums also offered such opportunities. In particular, KSEA carried out a project for KEIT, a technical trend survey, which would help KEIT to determine the funding direction for upcoming years. With enthusiastic participation of more than 200 members, in large part led by chapter/APS’s presidents, we have delivered successfully more than we contracted. I wish for a decent number of KSEA members to be blessed with funding opportunities. We will pursue more of such opportunities. Note that our effort will include retired/semi-retired members. Technical Excellence: We will invite prominent scientists and engineers to technical talks and local chapter meetings, help them join the KSEA membership, continue to publish the KSEA TechBook, strengthen ties with APSs for mutual benefits. We also plan to create a website within the KSEA home page to connect employers to job seekers among KSEA members. Further, this site will be enhanced to match researchers in US and Korea for collaborative projects. Industry and Entrepreneurship (IE): We plan to establish viable structure with KSEA for persistent collaboration with key players in IE, including MOU with Korea counterparts. An IE Director is appointed in the 42nd admin. and an IE councilor position is being sought. A new APS on Technology Entrepreneurship is planned. Entrepreneurship program with Korea agencies will be developed. Young Generation (YG) Support: We will provide resources for YG and young professional members for networking and career development. An early career workshop is planned for a wider audience. Creation of 3 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Message from the 42nd President YG chapters will be emphasized. By co-locating the mid-term council meeting with Young Generation Technical and Leadership Conference (YGTLC), active interaction with senior members and YGs is encouraged. New KSEA Handbook: Since the first publication of the KSEA Handbook, it becomes necessary to compile a wide range of KSEA documentations, which can be used for leaders at all levels. For this purpose, a task force is established. It will include the Bylaws, the Policies, council decisions, a chapter president manual, a technical group councilor/APS manual, a HQ manual, and many operation related issues. KSEA Foundation: With the approval of the Council to establish the KSEA foundation, a task force is formed to work out the detailed plan for the implementation details for the foundation. Technology Center: A task force is created to draft a plan to establish “the KSEA Technology Center” which can house and manage Korea’s many organizations’ expansion to the US for Science, Engineering and Entrepreneurship. It also enables in-house research and development by integrating Korea’s small, medium size companies and US researchers. The center will also carry out collaborative research and development targeting US and World markets. This issue of KSEA Letter features the UKC2013 whose theme is “Toward the Harmonious World with Science, Technology, and Entrepreneurship.” That theme couldn’t be more fitting to describe the exciting position every KSEA member finds him/herself in – being part of two countries that are both going through tremendous change and innovation in science and technology, and moving toward a world where these industries, and the people in them, can work harmoniously. Through the UKC2013, we gained the confidence that we, too, can achieve extraordinary things together, just as the early Korean-American Scientists and Engineers teamed up with partners in Korea to give birth to the “Han River Miracle” in the 70s and 80s. Thank you for giving me the opportunity to serve all of you. Myung Jong Lee KSEA President KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 4 Highlights of UKC 2013 UKC 2013 SUMMARY Toward Harmonious World with Science, Technology, and Entrepreneurship” August 7–10, 2013, Sheraton Meadowlands Hotel, East Rutherford, New Jersey DR. YONGHO SOHN Professor University of Central Florida The UKC 2013 highlighted the latest and exciting discoveries in many areas of Science, Technology, and Entrepreneurship for five days in Sheraton Meadowlands Hotel, East Rutherford, New Jersey. It also provided a unique opportunity for scientists, engineers, entrepreneurs and policy makers from the US and Korea to interact both on and off the conference events. The official programs in the UKC 2013 consisted of 5 Plenary Sessions, 14 Technical Group Symposiums based on the organization structure of KSEA, 7 Harmonious Symposiums that explore the frontiers of interdisciplinary endeavors, and 18 sponsored Forums with focused thematic presentations, participation, competitions and discussions. Many of these events were harmonized through joint and/or integrated sessions to provide maximum opportunities of exposure and engagement for contributors, audience and sponsors. In the 5 Plenary Sessions, distinguished scientists and policy makers delivered diverse presentations. Science and engineering presentations encompassed the scale of universe to subatomic particles: exploration efforts to uncover the mysteries of the universe, the discovery of LASIK technique, efforts in Brain mapping, and generation of Higgs boson. New policy directions of the Korean government for the Creative Economy were discussed during several Plenary Sessions. In addition, a number of academic and government institutes who sponsored the UKC 2013 introduced themselves to established joint collaborative future efforts with scientists and engineers in the U.S. DR. KYUNGJAE MYUNG Senior Investigator National Institutes of Health The Organizing chairs and co-chairs of multiple UKC 2013 symposiums and forums promoted their events with high-profile invited speakers and selected speakers from abstracts along with interactive poster presentations on August 10. Many symposiums and forums collaborated with several industrial and government entities that solicited and strategized future research program and collaborations. Furthermore, many industrial and government entities actively searched for future employees at the UKC 2013 through interviewing many young generation scientists and engineers. The excellence of program at the UKC 2013 was clearly evidenced by the unprecedented number of abstract submission at a total of 974, consisting of 702 oral and 272 posters. We believe that our round-the-clock efforts with all organizing and contributing participants of the UKC 2013 provided great platform to find new and invigorated knowledge, opportunities, collaborations and friendships. DR. SANG HYUK SON Professor and DGIST Fellow Daegue Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology 5 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Highlights of UKC 2013 WELCOMING AND CONGRATULATORY REMARKS Myung Jong Lee, President of KSEA The UKC2013 is organized around the theme, Toward the Harmonious World with Science, Technology and Entrepreneurship, as many future breakthroughs in science and technology will germinate from the boundaries of various technical disciplines and we must explore the hidden treasures at these boundaries. I hope your experience with UKC2013 is an exciting and enlightening one, whether it includes learning opportunities, discovering new ideas, cultivating research and development collaborations or appreciating rare networking opportunities. Sang-Dai Park, President of KOFST I express my sincere gratitude to all scientists and engineers from Korea and the U.S. who have so graciously joined us to share your expertise and knowledge. The UKC2013 is a highly meaningful event, we gather together, exchange information on pending issues, and discuss ways to boost cooperation. The KOFST will continue to make our utmost efforts to further enhanced cooperation and development of science and technology among the Korean people. Mun-Kee Choi, Minister of Science, ICT and Future Planning It is indeed a great honor and pleasure for me to deliver this congratulatory remark at the UKC2013, a meaningful venue of communication and friendship between scientists and engineers of the Republic of Korea and the United States. I wholeheartedly wish that throughout the conference, we gather thoughts on the common theme that brought us here together, and make this a fruitful event by sharing a depth of intellectual insights and information. Seung Jong Lee, President of NRF and KUSCO It is both my pleasure and honor to welcome you to the US-Korea Conference 2013. To achieve the goal of a more harmonious world, the conference provides the grounds for sharing ideas on research and discussing strategies to maximize the outcomes of that research. This year’s conference is more special in that it reinforces industry-related programs so as to present a model of economic growth based on the development of scientific technology and industry. I ask you to share your valuable expertise, wisdom, and insights as we push to further develop our global research networks. Ron Kim, Assemblyman of State of NY State of NY focuses on retaining new Science and Technology and provides all the seed money and venture money for new companies. State of NY will focus to bring more technology companies from all around the world including South Korea for a collaboration in the future. KSEA did tremendous work to help young generation to stay engaged in Math, Science and Technology. KSEA created a structure for young generation to engage in the Science and Technology through various programs and contest. Thank you to all who attended and helped organizing the conference. Sang-Kee Suh, Member of the National Assembly of the Republic of Korea UKC’s role becomes much more heavier to function as a bridge between South Korea and the United States for human resources in scientific technology. Through not just limiting its original focus on scientific technology, I wish UKC to develop to play an influential role for all Koreans abroad in various areas including those of daily lives, every scientific technician of Korea and the United States. Byung Joo Min, Member of the National Assembly of the Republic of Korea I feel greatly honored to deliver a congratulatory address at this conference, which is one of the biggest events between Korean and US researchers in science and technology. The theme of this conference ‘Harmonious world with Sciences, Technology and Entrepreneurship’ corresponds exactly to the vision of the next paradigm of the Korean economy, a Creative Economy based on science and technology. KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 6 Highlights of UKC 2013 KEYNOTE AND PLENARY PRESENTATIONS Dr. James J. Wayne, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center The title of Dr. Wayne’s talk was “Excimer Laser Surgery-The Foundation for Laser Refractive Surgery and Future Applications”. He overviewed the discovery of Laser-in-situ Keratomeliusus, publicly known as LASIK and Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK) that he and his collagues had discovered in 1981. He also discussed some observations from his own experiments with live guinea pigs on bleeding during tissue removal, utilizing far ultraviolet radiation from an argon fluoride (ArF) excimer laser in early 1980’s. Dr. Nicholas White, Director of the Science and Exploration Directorate (SED) at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) The title of Dr. White’s talk was “Science Programs at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center”. Dr. White introduced NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), established by Dr. Robert H. Goddard in 1959, which is the home to the nation’s largest organization in U.S. of combined scientists, engineers and technologists who study the earth, the sun, our solar system and the universe. He provided an overview of the current GSFC programs and their science goals, including some piece of evidence on the global warming. Dr. Myung Ja Kim, President of the Korea Federation of Women’s Science & Technology Association (KOFWST) The title Dr. Kim’s talk was “Science and Technology: a New Vision for the Past and the Future”. Dr. Kim discussed the “Social Shocks” that appeared to be arised by the latest scientific and technological innovations. She also highlighted the importance of combining and enhancing the developments in science and engineering with contributions from humanities and other disciplines. Dr. Sung-Mo Kang, President of Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Dr. Kang’s began his presentation briefly introducing the history and facts of KAIST and their innovative efforts for to improve the academic competency in Science and Technology in both of their campuses in Daejeon and Sejong City. He also highlighted some outstanding contributions KAIST made to advancement of Korean and global technologies in the past few dacades. He also discussed the a variety of strategies implemented for innovations in academic programs, including the “Kreation-X Valley” project. Dr. Dennis Choi, Director of Neurosciences Institute at SUNY Stony Brook Dr. Choi discussed one of the recent national strategic research topics, the “Brain Activity Mapping (BAM)” project that aims to systematically map human brain activities in an unprecedented prevision in near future. He highlighted some important research results and expectations in relation to the primary goals of the BAM projects: comprehensive description of brain activity that will lead to interim advances in anatomical and functional bran mapping and will aid the interpretation of information emerging from other analyses to yield useful insights into the nature of normal brain function. Dr. Sylvester James Gates, Jr., The John S. Toll Professor of Physics at University of Maryland, College Park Dr. Gates is a recipient of the Medal of Science, presented by President Obama, as the highest award given to scientists in the U.S. Dr, Gates discussed one of the most significant scientific events of recent times: the observation by the European Council for Nuclear Research of the Higgs boson and its impact to the advancement of understanding the universe. Dr. Seung Jong Lee, President of National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) The title of Dr. Lee’s talk was “R&D Policy and the Advancement of Basic Research of the Park Geun-Hye Government”. He discussed the roles of NRF in bridging the scientific communities in the global stages and emphasized recent strategic plans and activities of the foundation. He mentioned that NRF would foster an atmosphere for creative and challenging research projects as well as increasing the funds for such convergence in research. 7 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Group Symposium UKC 2013 EUN-SUK SEO, PhD. Symposium Chair, UKC 2013 Professor University of Maryland UKC 2013 SELECTED TECHNICAL GROUP SYMPOSIUM SUMMARY Physics: Frontiers of Physics and Application The Physics Symposium, Frontiers of Physics and Applications, at the UKC 2013 consisted of ten sessions on physics research, covering broad areas in Physics including High Energy Physics, Nuclear Physics, Laser-Matter Interaction Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nonlinear and Quantum Optics, Biophysics, Condensed Matter and Semiconductor Physics. The overall quality of the research was exceptionally high, and presentations were at the level of invited talks given at the American Physical Society meetings. Audiences with diverse background asked many outside-the-box questions that stimulated interesting discussions. It provided a great opportunity for networking of World leading scientists and rising stars in various fields of Physics from across the U.S. and Korea. A brief summary of the Symposium is given below. More details of each session can be found in session chair’s reports to be published in the upcoming issue of the Association of Korean Physicists in America (AKPA) Newsletters. I. PRESENTATION SESSIONS AND CHAIRS • High Energy Physics, Jaehoon Yu, University of Texas at Arlington, TX • Nuclear Physics, Chueng-Ryong Ji, North Carolina State University, NC • Physical and quantitative approaches in biology, Harold Kim, Georgia Institute of Technology, GA • Frontiers of Astronomy and Astrophysics in 21st Century, Eun-Suk Seo, University of Maryland, MD • Mini talks by poster presenters, Eun-Suk Seo, University of Maryland, MD • Laser-Matter Interaction Physics, Kiyong Kim, University of Maryland, MD • Nonlinear and Quantum Optics, Heedeuk Shin,Yale University, CT • Exotic Emergent Phenomena in Strongly Correlated Electron Systems, Seung-Hun Lee, University of Virginia,VA • New Semiconductor Devices (Joint with Semiconductor Symposium), Chang-hee Lee, Seoul National University, Korea • Posters for Frontiers of Physics and Applications, Na Young Kim, Stanford University, CA II. KEY MESSAGES • Leaders of the field including Director of the Rare Isotope Science Project (RISP) in Korea, and Chief scientist of Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) in the US, discussed importance of rare isotopes in the Nuclear Physics session. • In the High Energy Physics session, leaders of the field including Deputy Director of Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in the US and the spokesperson of Korean LHC, discussed recent results from collider experiments including Top quark and Higgs particle. • The Astrophysics session covered latest results from multi-wavelengths observations in the radio, IR, optical, X-rays and cosmic rays to discuss a wide spectrum of astrophysics from the birth and death of stars in our local (and thus the current stage) universe to its farthest-observable (and thus the early phase) parts in the cosmological distance scales. • In the Physical and Quantitative Approaches in Biology session, new fabrication technologies for nanoplasmonics, a novel single-molecule technique, network in biological systems, diagnostic magnetic resonance platform for medical diagnosis, nonlinear signal processing via noise propagation, and bending mechanics of double-stranded DNA were discussed. • The Laser-Matter Interaction Physics Session focused on the state-of-the-art techniques in generations of electromagnetic waves ranging from terahertz to X-rays by novel nonlinear effects in laser-matter interactions. • In the Nonlinear and Quantum Optics session, recent experimental demonstrations of stimulated Brillouin scattering in silicon waveguides and optically enhanced scanning microscopy were reported. These experimental results show significant signal enhancement compared with previously known techniques. KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 8 Group Symposium in UKC 2013 III. CRITICAL CHALLENGES • Big questions such as how many elements can exist, whether long-lived super heavy elements exist, where the atoms of various elements are created and what makes atomic nuclei stable are yet to be answered. • Genetic information alone cannot tell us the absolute numbers of proteins that contribute to indiscriminate cell signaling. • Most studies on biological noise lack systematic understanding of underlying mechanisms for noiseinduced phenotypes. • Efficient laser conversion to longer wavelengths is challenging but necessary for bright X-ray generation. • Enhancement of terahertz/infrared field strength at high repetition-rates remains a challenge. IV. FUTURE DIRECTIONS • Closer interface between theory and experiment should be in place to make a definite impact on frontier nuclear physics with RISP and FRIB; Closer collaboration between RISP and FRIB should be pursued. • Networking and meeting opportunities should be continuously provided for the researchers in Korea and US to get together to discuss their research progresses and develop collaborative research projects. • Utilization of International Space Station and Long Duration Balloon flights provide low cost access to Space and opportunities for students to get hands-on experience/education. • Sensitivity and user-friendliness of the miniaturized NMR device will be further improved. • Modular scalable quantum computer and long-distance quantum communication systems will be studied extensively and demonstrated soon by distributing quantum entanglement over macroscopic distances. • Intense terahertz-infrared radiation will allow us to study extremely nonlinear optics at low photon energies. 9 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Group Symposium in UKC 2013 UKC 2013 SELECTED TECHNICAL GROUP SYMPOSIUM SUMMARY Biology: Cancer and Metabolism The Technical Group Session D2 at UKC 2013 consisted of 31 talks on Cancer and/or Metabolism research, among which 20 talks were by the invited speakers and 11 talks were selected from the submitted abstracts. The talks triggered lively discussion, which sometimes continued during the break time. Outlined below are some of the meeting’s highlights. SANG EUN LEE, PhD. Symposium Chair, UKC 2013 Professor University of Texas, Health Science Center I. PRESENTATION TITLES AND SPEAKERS • Cancer Session: Role of Saw1 and Rad1/Rad10 in Inter-Strand Crosslink Damage Repair (Sang Eun Lee, UTHSCSA); Loss of BubR1 acetylation causes defects in spindle assembly checkpoint signaling and promotes tumor formation (Hyunsook Lee, SNU), The mammalian Hippo signaling pathway in cancer development (Dae-Sik Lim, KAIST); Hyper-acetylation of Histone H3 Lysine 56 Inhibits BreakInduced Replication and Repair of Collapsed Replication Fork by excessive cohesin loading (Eun Yong Shim, UTHSCSA); RRP1B, a hereditary metastasis modifier mediates transcription and splicing to regulate mRNA expression (Minnkyoung Lee, NIH); Genome Maintenance and Human Aging (Yousin Suh, Einstein SOM); Genome-wide Analysis of Nascent Transcript Profiles Reveals Propagation of Transcriptional Regulatory Signal (Hee Woong Lim, UPenn); Human ATAD5 regulates the lifespan of DNA replication factories by modulating PCNA level on the chromatin (Kyungjae Myung, NIH); Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) in mitotic control and anti-cancer therapy (Kyoung Lee, NIH); Discovery of ?2-adrenergic G protein-coupled receptor biased ligands (Seungkirl Ahn, Duke U); Sumoylation and genome maintenance (Xiaolan Zhao, Sloan Kettering Cancer Center); Functional genomics, experimental models and cancer (William Hahn, Harvard U); Patient-derived breast tumor xenografts facilitating personalized cancer therapy (Eun Kyung Choi, Asan Medical Center); Characterization of small molecule for ATAD5 destabilizer (Yong Jun Choi, NHGRI); Nucleolar SHPRH Participates in Ribosomal DNA Transcription in mTOR-Dependent Manner (Duk-Jae Lee, NHGRI); Mechanisms of TGF-?1-induced Myofibroblast/CAF Differentiation in Human Prostate-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (Woosook Kim, BCM). • Metabolism Session: Transcriptional Regulation of Lipogenesis by Feeding/Insulin (Hei Sook Sul, UC Berkeley); The FXR/CREB1 transcriptional regulatory axis dynamically controls hepatic autophagy during feeding/fasting cycles (Jongsook Kemper, U. Illinois); Regulation of Hepatic Lipid Metabolism by SREBP1c upon Hormonal Changes (Jae Bum Kim, SNU); Role of immune system in obesity and type 2 diabetes (Jason Kim, U. Mass); Storm Chaser?s View on the Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Cell Death in Alcoholic and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (BJ Song, NIAAA); TonEBP transcription factor in inflammation and obesity (Hyug Moo Kwon, UNIST); Diabetes and Cancer: The Neuregulin 1-HER Axis as a Key Mediator of Hyperglycemic Memory Effects in Breast Cancer (Jiyoung Park, UT Southwestern); Regulation of hepatic Triglyceride Metabolism by the transcription factor CREB-H (Ann-Hwee Lee, Cornell Medical College); Parenteral delivery of FGF1 leads to systemic insulin sensitization in diabetic mice (Jaemyung Suh, UC San Diego); Transient Metabolic Complex, the Purinosome, for Metabolic Adaptation in Cancer Cells (Song An, U. Maryland);Vitamin C inhibits growth of cancer cells with KRAS or BRAF mutations by decreasing glycolysis and increasing oxidative stress (Jihye Yun, Cornell Medical college); Mdm2 E3 ubiquitin ligase function is dispensable for the degradation of Mdm2 itself (Tae-Hyung Kim, UNC); An RNA-Independent Linkage of Non-codingTranscription to Long-Range Enhancer Function (Eung Jae Yoo, UPenn). II. KEY MESSAGES • The meeting discussed various aspects of “cancer and metabolism” including chromosome integrity maintenance, cell signaling, energy source, energy reservoir, obesity and its related diseases. The research employ wide ranges of model organisms including yeast, flies, cell culture system, animal models and in silico analyses. Several talks reported novel functions of DNA repair machinery, DNA replication factors, and chromatin structure maintenance factors in chromosome integrity maintenance in response to spontaneous and induced DNA lesion (Drs. Sang Eun Lee, and Eun Yong Shim). A new link between breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA2) and mitotic checkpoint and the role of sumoylation as an independent branch of DNA damage signaling and repair was discussed (Drs. Hyun Sook Lee and KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 10 Group Symposium in UKC 2013 Xiaolan Zhao). The role of Hippo pathway in mechano-tension sensing signaling pathway was identified (Dr. Dae-Sik Lim). Progresses on targeting? adrenergic G protein-coupled receptor, Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), or DNA repair pathways as anti-cancer therapy were discussed (Drs. Seungkirl Ahn, Kyoung Lee, Kyungjae Myung). Powerful genomic approach was employed to identify genetic network important for cancer (Dr. William Hahn) or aging processes (Dr.Yousin Suh). Patient based xenograft model systems were developed to translate research findings to bedside (Dr. Eun Kyoung Choi). • On the metabolism topics, Dr. Sul?s group has elucidated that DNA-PK and USF promote expression of SREBP1c upon insulin treatment. Drs. Kemper and Jae Bum Kim discussed the role of FXR in autophagy network to coordinate bile acid metabolism and the molecular mechanism by which SREBP1c is suppressed its activity during nutritional deprivation. Dr. Jae Myung Suh reported FGF1 KO mice, a new model for lean diabetes. Dr. Jason Kim provided compelling evidence that increase in muscle inflammation is closely associated with metabolic complications with insulin resistance. Dr. Kwon demonstrated that TonEBP, a member of NFAT family, is crucial to maintain adipose tissue integrity. Dr. Song elucidated the link between mitochondrial dysfunction and alcoholic fatty liver to several metabolites associated with redox regulation. Dr. Lee has discussed the role of CREB-H KO mice that show fatty liver and dysregulated lipid metabolism. Dr. Greg Suh developed Drosophila models, revealing a novel energy sensor that dictates feeding behavior. III. CRITICAL CHALLENGES • The advent of powerful genomics and model systems pose a new challenge how to integrate these massive sets of data to formulate testable hypotheses and make each individual validation. Closer connection between cancer and metabolic aberrations also warrants coordinated efforts from scientists in these two fields to tackle these clinically important issues using multiple viewpoints. IV. FUTURE DIRECTIONS • Several topics were emerged as key future research directions: 1) analysis of genetic and cellular mechanisms that suppress chromosome instability 2) cell signaling and proliferation controls 3) transcriptional regulation of lipid metabolism 4) hepatic carbohydrate and lipid homeostasis, 5) patho-physiology of adipose tissue in obesity 5) drug discovery and translational research. 11 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Group Symposium in UKC 2013 UKC 2013 SELECTED TECHNICAL GROUP SYMPOSIUM SUMMARY CEA: Sustainable and Resilient Civil Infrastructure YOUNGSOO RICHARD KIM, PhD. Symposium Chair, UKC 2013 Distinguished Professor Dept. of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering NC State University The Civil, Environmental, and Architectural (CEA) Symposium focused on state-of-the-art and state-of-thepractice technologies and applications that are related to the sustainability and resilience of civil infrastructure. The symposium consisted of one plenary session, six half-day sessions, and two forums. The six half-day sessions covered Human and Nature, Water, Environment, Structures and Construction, Materials, and Green Technology. The two forums were sponsored by the Korea Railroad Research Institute (KRRI) and the Korean Institute of Construction Technology (KICT). A total of 73 podium presentations and 48 posters were presented, making Symposium J the largest symposium in UKC 2013. Selected presentations and messages are summarized below with challenges we faced and recommendations for future directions. I. PRESENTATION TITLES AND SPEAKERS • California High-Speed Rail: from Vision to Reality, Frank Vacca, Chief Program Manager, California High -speed Rail Authority, CA, USA • High-Speed Rail in America: Improving Railway Safety and Sustainability with Technology, Research, and Innovation, Conrad Ruppert Jr., Associate Director of Research, UIUC RailTEC, IL, USA • Sustainable and Resilient Water Infrastructure of Hwaseong, Joseon and Its Lessons for Current Water Management, Dr. Moo-Young Han, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea • Spin-off technologies between Earth and Space through Big Engineering, Dr. Tai Sik Lee, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea • Establishment of Swaziland Christian University in Southern Africa, Dr. Chun Yoon, Konkuk University • Meta-Models for Energy Performance Predictions at Early Stages of the Building Design Process, Dr. Ranji Ranjithan, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA • Green Transportation: The Role of Business Model Innovation, Dr. Steve Evans, University of Cambridge, USA • Sustainable Transportation Systems: Indicators, Approaches & Challenges, Dr. Adel Sadek, University of Buffalo II. KEY MESSAGES • To achieve green transportation, innovative business models should be implemented for automobiles. • The energy modeling and simulation technologies are still not easy for architects to utilize in their design process, so developing a meta-model based on a comprehensive energy model simulations is one of the alternatives and important methods to represent combinations of the many building design variable values. • Comprehensive water management strategies are required to manage water resources effectively and wisely. • The piezoelectric method is proven to be an alternative energy source for state and federal highways. It also enables to increase the capability of highways’ self-supporting energy. • New innovations on big engineering to explorer lunar in near future are presented. Lunar concrete without water and several engineering techniques to build habitat in the moon were shared. • Four characteristics of water management system of Hwaseong can have various modern meanings; planned installation, decentralized disposition, multi-functional facilities, and self-sufficiency in water. • Traffic noise and air pollution are the most important forms of problems induced by transportation. The impacts of two problems can be mitigated harmoniously by planning tools. • The US government and the state of California recognize the importance of high speed rail as the national and in-state transportation network as an effective mode of travel between northern and southern California. III. CRITICAL CHALLENGES • Innovative business models are not easy to develop and many factors affect the success of such models. In addition, to achieve a challenge in doubling output while emitting 80% less GHGs, radical new approaches are required. This implies nothing less than a new industrial revolution! • Maintaining the high-performance level of existing buildings is an on-going and challenging process. Commissioning is necessary through the life of a building. Providing an easy and effective tool to build- KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 12 Group Symposium in UKC 2013 • • • • ing owners and managers is a challenging task due to the cost involved in the tool development. Research integration to develop alternatives for sustainable water resources management under uncertain future climate is critical challenges to overcome many water scientists and engineers facing today. Use of piezoelectric method accompanying with material developments can harvest energy from horizontal force of vehicles moving forward. Finding mixture ingredients and fabricating concrete materials without water in lunar environment is critical. It is very challenging to identify effective planning tools for mitigating the impacts on city dwellers of traffic noise and air pollution because it requires cross-disciplinary researches among geographical information system approach including spatial statistics, air quality modeling, and noise modeling as well as measurement of air quality and noise levels. IV. FUTURE DIRECTIONS • Given the magnificent amount of initial investment cost in automobile manufacture including design (about $2.4 Billion for a new vehicle), more innovative business models need to be developed. Business models should be considered as an important source such as technology-value innovation. • To provide easy-to-use tool for architects, more research should be done on the meta-model development including a rigorous test for uncertainties. • Research prioritizations and action plans will be needed to better characterize the most important factors for the river water resources and quality management. • After completion of lab experiments for energy generation using piezoelectric sensors, the field application will be conducted to verify the feasibility of the proposed approach in reality. • Big engineering concept should be used to expand the research in space exploration. • Efforts for noise mapping, air quality mapping, and land-use analysis should be integrated. 13 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Group Symposium in UKC 2013 UKC 2013 SELECTED TECHNICAL GROUP SYMPOSIUM SUMMARY Bioengineering and Medical Engineering: Bioresource Bioresource Session I and II at UKC 2013 consisted of four talks in session I and five talks in session II on bioresource. Four talks were presented by large size biological resource centers supported by ministries, two by resource centers in KNRRC, and three talks by related researchers. And especially the last president of ISBER (International Society of Biobanking and Environmental Repositoires) introduced the biobanking and the activities of ISBER. It was a great opportunity to understand the present status of resource centers in Korea as well as in America. Below, detailed summary of each of the presentations is given. YEONHEE LEE, PhD. Symposium Chair, UKC 2013 Professor Seoul Women’s University, Korea I. PRESENTATION TITLES AND SPEAKERS BIORESOURCE SESSION I. § Biological Resource Centers in Korea,Yeonhee Lee, Professor/Director-General, Seoul, Korea § Building Quality Biological Collections, Katheryn E. Shea, Precision Bioservices Inc., Washington DC, MD § Korea Biobank Project, Bokghee Han, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, Korea § From Resources to Treasures, Jin Han Kim, Incheon, Korea BIORESOURCE SESSION II. § Biocatalysts from the Sea: Exploration of Novel Enzymes Using Genomic Approach, Sang-Jin Kim, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan, Korea § Engineering of Corynebacteriumglutamicum for the Utilization of Hemicellulose, Ki Jun Jeong, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejun, Korea § What You Can Get from Culture Collection of Antimicrobial Resistant Microbes, Eunju Shin, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul, Korea § Molecular Mechanisms Controlling Motoneuron Connectivity, Sangyun Jeong, Chonbuk National University § The Development of Ultra-High Conductive Metal Single Crystals and Its Application to Bioengineering, Se-Young Jeong, Pusan National University, Milyang, Korea II. KEY MESSAGES § Every country including Korea understands the importance of research resources. In Korea, every ministry supports various resource centers. § Industries are trying to develop efficient ways to store biobanking materials such as human tissue. ISBER is trying to develop the best collaboration between users and clinicians for translational research. § KBN (Korean Biobank Network) has a great facility which can store million human originated samples in Korea and has contributed samples to publish several excellent papers. § Bioresource Bank by the ministry of Environment in Korea had the best and largest facility in Asia for bio-diversity. And it is working as the contact point for Nagoya protocol. § Sea has extreme amount of bio-diversity and its vast amount of resources has providing an various enzymes for industries. § Hemicellulose is easy to be degraded by microorganisms and enzymes. Genes for degrading enzymes can be manipulated for efficiency. § CCARM has been working as a bridge between hospital, researchers, and environment to overcome the problem from antimicrobial resistance. It isolates, characterizes, stores, and distributed to researchers in addition to perform various research services. § Crystal bank prepares and provides crytals for researchers which cannot be easily obtained in the lab. KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 14 Group Symposium in UKC 2013 III. CRITICAL CHALLENGES § Research resource banks needs continuous support from government especially after Nagoya protocol. § Each resource bank needs collaboration with other banks domestically as well as internationally to provide dependable resources. § Resources are the starting materials which produces treasures by researchers. § Ocean has a vast range of bioresources and needs continuous interest. IV. FUTURE DIRECTIONS § We need special effort not to decrease the activities of BRCs by the Nagoya protocol. § We need continuous and strong collaboration to provide dependable resources to researchers. § We need to develop more various resource banks for efficient researchers in various fields. 15 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Group Symposium in UKC 2013 UKC 2013 SELECTED TECHNICAL GROUP SYMPOSIUM SUMMARY Bioengineering and Medical Engineering: Bioremediation The Bioremediation II Session at UKC 2013 consisted of six talks on environmental biotechnology, four by established senior searchers or professors and two by Ph.D. students whose degree programs are close to their ends. The overall quality of the research and the presentation was that of the highest level. Audiences asked many questions that stimulated much more interesting discussions. Several questions also resulted in further areas of research to tighten up. Below, detailed summary of each of the presentations is given. HEE-MOCK OH, PhD, Symposium Chair, UKC 2013 Principal Research Scientist University of Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB) I. PRESENTATION TITLES AND SPEAKERS Monitoring of Cyanobacterial Bloom with Environmental and Biological Factors, Dr. Hee-Mock Oh, KRIBB, Daejeon, KOREA § An Intensified Biofilm Treatment Demonstration in Microfluidic Platform, Mr. Young Wook Kim, University of Maryland, MD § Analytical Requirements for Screening of Chemical Contaminants in Foods, Dr. Haejung An, US Food and Drug Administration, CA § Who Polluted the Water? Metagenomic Approaches for Understanding Human Health Risks in Beach Water, Prof. Jiyoung Lee, Ohio State University, OH § Functional Investigation of Homogentisate 1,2-Dioxygenase in Comamonas testosteroni strain P19, Prof. Jong-Chan Chae, Chonbuk National Univ., Chonbuk, KOREA § Engineering Microbial Swarmbots with Safeguard Mechanism, Ms. Anna Jisu Lee, Duke University, NC II. KEY MESSAGES § Cyanobacterial cell density, which is notoriously difficult and unduly dependent on individual variation and trained skill, is employed as one criterion for determination of the alert level for cyanobacterial bloom. § The integration of this technique with microfluidics and optoelectronics enables the first on-chip demonstration of the bioelectric effect at the micro-scale for biomedical applications. § Detection of phthalate esters which will be used as an example of regulatory screening of chemical contaminants can be challenging because of ubiquitous contamination in the food and environments. § Since the beach monitoring paradigm has been shifted using rapid methods since 2012 in the US, it is imperative to know the accurate profiles of the microbial communities in recreational waters. § The potency for bifunctional enzyme, thus, was excluded in this study and the HmgA was investigated for homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase. § Engineered cell-based sensors and actuators have great potential for diverse applications in medicine, bioremediation and energy. III. CRITICAL CHALLENGES § A high-throughput analysis of harmful cyanobacteria as well as an integrative cyanobacterial risk assessment is anticipated by using the developed DNA chip as a novel molecular monitoring tool. § Integrated linear array charge-coupled devices (CCDs) achieve biofilm tracking in the microfluidic channel with respect to both average biomass and localized morphology. § The general method validation criteria used in this study were satisfactory to develop analytical methods for low level contaminants in foods. § Pyrosequencing analysis could provide a comprehensive full-spectrum of the bacterial community structure and related health risk at freshwater beaches. § The enzyme exhibited iron dependent behavior even though zinc binding motif existed in N-terminal of it and the result of metal ion binding affinity actually implied the preference on zinc. § The circuit and corresponding encapsulation strategy have defined a novel approach to prevent unintended proliferation engineered bacteria for novel applications, particularly in autonomous synthesis and delivery of proteins. KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 16 Group Symposium in UKC 2013 IV. FUTURE DIRECTIONS § Phycocyanin would become far more simple to conduct measurements without the need for expensive equipment. § The unique capability of the CCD-enhanced Micro-BOAT platform to perform temporally and spatially resolved monitoring makes it useful for future drug discovery studies. § Often the contaminants may occur at such low levels that ensuring their true detection required more than analysis. § The accurate profiles of the microbial communities in recreational waters will allow for a better understanding of the integrative health risks of exposure to beach water. § The weakness of genetic database is the existence of hypothetical gene which has to be re-annotated by functional confirmation. § Engineered cell-based sensors and actuators have great potential for diverse applications in medicine, bioremediation and energy. 17 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Group Symposium in UKC 2013 UKC 2013 SELECTED TECHNICAL GROUP SYMPOSIUM SUMMARY Green Energy and Independence KANG-WON WAYNE LEE, PhD. Symposium Chair, UKC 2013 Professor University of Rhode Island HO-YONG KIM, PhD. Symposium Chair, UKC 2013 Korean Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI), Korea The goal of this harmonizing symposium on green energy (GE) and independence was to identify challenges and opportunities focused on declining oil consumption and new energy production, which have strong worldwide interest from both intellectual and practical points of view. It dealt with the state-of-the-art interdisciplinary research on energy issues associated with various research fields, including material, mechanical, electrical, civil, environmental and computer science and engineering. The harmonizing symposium provided a unique opportunity to foster the collaborative efforts between Korea and the US related to cross-cutting technical and administrative disciplines on energy issues. It had three forums, one general and one poster session. 1. FORUM ON GREEN ENERGY AND INDEPENDENCE SPONSORED BY KOREA INSTITUTE OF ENERGY RESEARCH (KIER) The forum was chaired by Dr. Jooho Whang, President of KIER and Prof. Ki-Hyun Kim of North Carolina Central University, and presided by Prof.Yong-Chil Seo,Yonsei University. The session was initiated by the organizer of GE symposium, Prof. K. Wayne Lee of the University of Rhode Island (URI) with the appreciation remarks for the sponsorship, speakers and attendees. Two forum chairs also stated the importance of green energy and meaningfulness of the session, followed by the congratulatory remarks by Prof. Ho-Nam Chang, Chair of Korea Council for Industrial Science and Technology. The first invited speaker, Dr. Jooho Whang gave a keynote topic of speech with the title of “Green Energy and Independence in Korea.” He presented about the status and policy on green energy to secure the nation’s energy supply with sustaining primary energy resources by enhancing renewable energy share up to 11% by the year 2020 in Korea. The detailed strategies with financial support to accomplish such goal were also introduced. The next invited speaker, Prof. Yong-Chil Seo spoke about the status and future of waste/biomass to energy, as one of renewable green energies, which covers around 80% of the total renewable energy with its importance. The conversion technologies of waste/biomass to energy were reviewed with introducing R&D projects and funds in Korea. As supporting topics on two invited speeches, two presentations with the topics of the advanced gasification process using dual fluidized bed and biodiesel production from microalgae were continued by Dr. Uen Do Lee (KIIT) and Dr. K. Lee (Lincoln University), respectively. Lastly Prof. Zongqin Zhang (URI) made a peculiar investigation on harvesting thermal energy from highway pavement. The session was well organized with two keynote types of talk on green energy situation and future for the independence with sustainability, by following other three technical speeches on thermal energy investigation for providing the comprehensive understandings on the green energy and independence. 2. FORUM ON SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION POLICY: NEW DIRECTIONS OF KOREAN ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY POLICY CO-SPONSORED BY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INSTITUTE (STEPI), KOREA ENVIRONMENTAL INSTITUTE (KEI) AND KOREA ENERGY ECONOMICS INSTITUTE (KEEI) The forum was chaired by Dr. Jong-Guk Song, President of STEPI, Wha-Jin Han,Vice President of KEI, and Dong-Woon Noh, Director of Climate Change Policy Research Group of KEEI. It was presided by Prof. K. Wayne Lee (URI) with the appreciation remarks for the sponsorship, speakers and attendees. Forum co-chair, Dr. Nam-Sung Ahn, President of Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) gave an invited speech on Korea Energy R&D Policy in preparation for the future energy system. Dr. Chul-Yong Lee and Dr. Sangmin Cho of KEEI talked about “Value creation of Korean renewable energy” and “The 3rd and 4th national new and renewable energy basic plan of Korea,” respectively. Then, Dr. ByungKook Lee and Dr.Yongseung Shin presented “Environmental policy of new government in Korea” and “Development of health impact Assessment & adaptation technologies of climate change in Korea,” respectively. The next speaker, Dr.Yongkee Ahn spoke about the consideration for future Korea gasification project developments. Lastly Mr. Ajay Singh of URI suggested the cold in-place recycling (CIR) as a green energy practice. KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 18 Group Symposium in UKC 2013 3. FORUM ON GREEN ENERGY AND INDEPENDENCE SPONSORED BY KOREA RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY (KRICT) The forum opened with a welcoming remark by Vice President Mihye Yi of KRICT, followed by more detailed introduction of KRICT by Dr. Chul Wee Lee, Director General, including many of their green chemistry & engineering research programs targeted toward potential commercialization. Dr. Bradley Zamft, an ARPA-E fellow at the US Department of Energy (DOE), presented their role in energy technology development supporting the PETRO program which aims to make drop-in compatible biofuels directly in plants. Another KRICT paper followed by Dr.Yongku Kang on their rechargeable Lithium batteries. Prof. Sze Yang of URI followed with a basic research paper on developing polymer thermoelectric materials for solar energy harvesting. The final two KRICT papers were related to the use of CO2 for GTL process and for value-added chemicals. The GTL paper by Dr. Ki-Won Jun, Director of Catalysts Center, was for the use of CO2 enriched gas and the value-added chemicals paper by Dr. Deom Sik Kim, Director of Environmental Research & Process Research Center, was for the development of various chemical CO2 conversion technologies. 4. SESSION ON HARMONIOUS GREEN ENERGY AND INDEPENDENCE CHAIRED BY PROF. YONG-KYU YOON, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, USA The first invited talk has been given by Dr. Ho-Yong Kim, President of Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI), with a title of “KERI Microgrid Towards Energy Independence.” Dr. Kim presented an overview of KERI including a brief history, research activities, and vision for KERI Microgrid 2030. KERI has been established in 1976 and has over 600 employees with $150M research revenue per year. KERI’s research activities include Smart Grid, advanced materials, energy storage, and medical devices. KERI plans to cover entire South Korea with an effective and efficient power distribution system with Changwon, Ansan, and Gwangju as three Smart Grid axes by 2030. The next invited talk has been given by Dr. Girish Ghatikar, Acting Deputy Leader of Grid Integration Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. His talk is entitled “Smart Electricity Use for s Clean and Reliable Energy Future.” Dr. Ghatikar presented an overview of challenges and potential solutions for ‘Grid Integrated’ buildings i.e. Building to Grid (B2G) Integration and Vehicle to Grid (V2G) Integration. The next two talks have been given by Prof. K. Wayne Lee. The first talk was entitled “Polymer Modified Asphalt Pavement on Bridge Decks for Green Transportation Infrastructure,” where he has identified the problems regarding bridge deck pavement such as balancing bridge dead load and longevity and pavement performance. Insert of thin polymer layers had been proposed as a solution to offer light weight, reduce water intake, and extend the asphalt life expectancy. His second talk is entitled, “Evaluation of Pavement Rehabilitation Strategies and Performance Sensing Systems,” where an on-going RI Rout 165 Reclamation Project was presented. Two main sources of road damage have been identified: moisture and heavy truck.Various multilayer asphalt layers have been studied and a new layer structure would be implemented with multiple smart sensors including strain gauges, temperature and moisture sensors. The outcome would contribute to the establishment of nationwide long term smart transportation infrastructure. After short coffee break, the session has resumed with an invited talk given by Prof. Ki-Hyon Kim, North Carolina Central University with a title of “A statistical Analysis on Energy Resources, Production, Consumption and Unit Cost.” Prof. Kim as an early pioneering scientist in the nuclear physics has given a wonderful lecture on nuclear energy source regarding both nuclear fission and fusion. Brief history on the discovery of nuclear fission and atomic bomb has been described. He has emphasized the importance of the usage of the nuclear energy as current and future energy source for human beings. Solar energy harvesting using solar cells is one thing but he has enthusiastically advocated the artificial sun i.e., nuclear fusion engine projects. The last talk of the session has been given by Prof.Yong-Kyu Yoon, University of Florida. This presentation is entitled “Electrospun Nanofiber based Electrodes and Separator for Supercapacitors.” He talked about the fabrication process of high power high energy density supercapacitors using electrospun nanofibers, their photolithographical patterning, and postprocess such as carbonization and assembly. The demonstrated electrodes show better electrical conductivity compared with activated carbon nanoparticle based electrodes. 19 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Group Symposium in UKC 2013 5. POSTER SESSION There were six posters: (1) “A comparison of catalyst-steam gasification reaction of roto coal in the fixed-bed and fluidized bed,” by Hyungtaek Kim, (2) “Comparative study of solar panels for roadway operations,” by Ben Dahn, (3) “We’ve got the power,” by Steve Lee, (4) “Short chain fatty acid production in engineered bacteria,” by Songl Han, (5) “Warm mix asphalt elastic properties,” by Katherine Tivin, and (6) “Development of health impact assessment & adaptation technologies of climate change in Korea,” by Sunduk Kim. Mr. Dahn’s poster was selected as the best one. This symposium was well organized in a theme of green energy and independence, and generated good attendance, enthusiastic discussion and excellent feedbacks. Topics covered green energy to secure supply, waste/ biomass to energy, new directions of environment and energy policy, green chemistry & engineering research, energy harvesting, control and distribution, storage, and conservation of energy by green transportation infrastructures, etc. Hope that the momentum on energy issues will be continued on UKC2014 and beyond. KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 20 Forum UKC 2013 UKC 2013 SELECTED FORUM SUMMARY KIMs Forum on Advanced Materials for Renewable and Sustainalbe Energy The Forum ME at UKC 2013 consisted of twelve presentations on advanced materials related to future energy, including one plenary talk and two invited talks. The overall quality of the research and the presentation was that of the highest level. Audiences asked many questions that stimulated much more interesting discussions. Several questions also resulted in further areas of research to tighten up. Below, detailed summary of selected presentations is given. KYU HWAN LEE, PhD. Forum Chair, UKC 2013 Principal Researcher Korea Institute of Materials Science I. PRESENTATION TITLES AND SPEAKERS • (Plenary)International I/UCRC (iI/UCRC) and its role in advancing the Energy and Environment Research, Prof. Shashank Priya, Virginia Institute of Technology, VA. • (Invited)How to Make Energy Nanostructures Survive High Temperatures?, Prof. Sang-Gook Kim, MIT, MA. • (Invited)Thin film solar cells based on earth-abundant Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 absorbers prepared by thermal co-evaporation, Dr. Byungha Shin, IBM, NJ. • High-performing organic photovoltaic with atomic layer deposited buffer layers and plasmonic effects, Prof. Young Dok Kim, Sungkyunkwan University, Gyeonggi-do. • Development of Solution Process for the Fabrication of Hybrid Photovoltaic Cells, Dr. JooYul Lee, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Gyeongsangnam-do. • Recent Research Efforts on Organic Solar Cells at Brookhaven National Laboratory, Dr. Chang-Yong Nam, Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY. • Thermoelectric Properties of Ultra-long PbSe Hollow Nanofibers, Prof. Nosang Myung, University of California-Riverside, CA. • Thermoelectric Power Generation and Sensing Characteristics of Thin Film Devices, Prof. Tae Sung Oh, Hongik University, Seoul. • Surfactant mediated electrodeposition of thermoelectric films, Dr. Jae-Hong Lim, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Gyeongsangnam-do. • Fiber Size- and Orientation-Dependent Piezoelectric Response of Electrospun PVDF-TrFE Nanofibers, Prof. Jin Nam, University of California-Riverside, CA. • Fabrication and Applications of Piezoelectric Thick Films, Dr. Jungho Ryu, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Gyeongsangnam-do. • Post-combustion CO2 Capture using Ionic Liquids with Aprotic Heterocyclic Anions (AHAs), Prof. Samuel Seo, University of Notre Dame, IN. II. KEY MESSAGES • Plenary talk gave an overview and summary of Industry University Collaborative Research Center (I/ UCRC) program at National Science Foundation (NSF). • A fundamental challenge in solar-thermal-electrical energy conversion is the thermal stability of nanoengineered materials and devices at very high operational temperatures. Metamaterials exhibit special optical properties that come from the excitation of plasmon resonances. • Non-toxic and earth-abundant compounds such as Cu2ZnSn(S, Se)4 (CZTSSe). CZTSSe have suitable optical properties for photovoltaic applications. • Solution process was developed to prepare Cu metal mesh electrodes, metal/semiconductor nanoparticles of photo-active layer and functionalized ZnO ripple barrier layer for the hybrid photovoltaic cells. • A cost-effective process that combines electrospinning and galvanic displacement reaction was applied to synthesize ultra-long hollow PbSe nanofibers with controlled dimensions, morphologies, compositions and crystal structures. As-made PbSe hollow NF mat showed excellent thermoelectric properties. • The progress made in synthesis of thick films based piezoelectric structures for actuators and sensor applications by AD was reviewed. 21 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Forum in UKC 2013 III. CRITICAL CHALLENGES I/UCRC centers supported by these NSF cover two fields, Engineering (ENG) and Computer and Information Science and Engineering (CISE). The research conducted at each center is vetted by an industry advisory. Flat surface photonic crystal can circumvent the surface diffusion at high temperatures. Thermal co-evaporation have achieved a power conversion efficiency of 8.4% from pure sulfide CZTS solar cells, which is the record efficiency for pure sulfide CZTS fabricated by any method, and 8.9% from pure selenide CZTSe solar cells (bandgap ~1.0 eV). It is important to establish an easy and simple process to fabricate flexible photovoltaic cells used in the ubiquitous environment. IV. FUTURE DIRECTIONS As of 2012, there are 61 I/UCRCs operating in United States (US) with total of 178 university sites. Identifying the prospects of an international site in Korea was discussed. The key idea of the FSPC is a patterned subsurface but a geometrically flat surface, which can be fabricated by plugging the micro- and nano-patterned surface cavities with an oxide ceramic. Use of a TiN diffusion barrier which suppresses the formation of MoSe2 and leads to higher efficiency CZTSe cells. KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 22 Forum in UKC 2013 UKC 2013 SELECTED FORUM SUMMARY KAST/NRF Forum on Korean Government R&D For Realization of Creative Economy Forum Synopsis: The forum consisted of invited speakers and panel discussion to help define the creative economy and address the roles and future strategies of Korean government R&D for realization of creative economy. The emphasis was given to mechanisms on how to support Korean scientists and engineers residing abroad by the Korean government R&D, along with due consideration for collaborative interactions between the US and Korea. HOSIN DAVID LEE, PhD. Forum Chair, UKC 2013 Professor University of Iowa SUNG HYUN PARK, PhD. Forum Chair, UKC 2013 President Korean Academy of Science and Technology, Korea Co-Sponsors: National Research Foundation (NRF), Korea / Korea-US Science Corporation Center (KUSCO), USA / Korean Academy of Science and Technology (KAST), Korea Featured Speakers: Eun Kyu Lee, NRF, Korea / Sung Hyun Park, KAST, Korea / Mun Choi, University of Connecticut, USA Invited Panelists: In-Sook Park, Congresswoman, National Assembly of Korea / Doe Sun Na,Vice President KOFST, Korea / Hosin “David” Lee, University of Iowa, USA / Mun Choi, University of Connecticut, USA / Moon Won Suh, North Carolina State University, USA / Yongho Sohn, University of Central Florida, USA / Kyungjae Myung, NIH, USA Schedule: 14:40 Forum opening by Hosin “David” Lee 15:00 Presentation 1: NRF basic research programs for the “Creative Economy” by Eun Kyu LEE, NRF 16:00 Presentation 2: Trend and issues of Korean government R&D: how to support Korean scientists living abroad by Sung Hyun Park, KAST, Korea 16:40Break 17:00 Presentation 3: Comparison of Higher Education System of the US and Korea by Mun Choi, University of Connecticut, USA 17:30 Panel discussion Summary of Discussions • The Creative Economy focuses on “Economy”; but we should stop thinking of “economy = money” as scientists and engineers. Scientists and engineers need to create new visions for research products, not just to sell. The creative economy should not be limited to “products”. • The creative Economy is necessary to Korea and it should be based on creative thinking. The creative economy should be also based on manpower and diversity in thinking. Many Korean students are coming to USA, but not the other way around. Currently, Korea does not effectively use Korean human resources in USA. • Korea is ranked at the second country in the growth of R&D funding (the first is China) but the research duration is too short compared to the size of funding. NRF has a postdoc support program but the length of the support is only one year. It is too short compared to 2~3 years supported by Chines and Indian governments. • The research fund should be distributed with more objective evaluation and, therefore, an independent third-party review process is necessary to select the best proposals. • For successful realization of the creative economy in Korea, the help from researchers living abroad is important. A “Technology Marketing Center” to boost Korean network in the US should be established. • KSEA represents broader society of S&T researchers in USA and many Korean-Americans have been consulting small and mid-size companies in Korea. • Korean students in USA want to have more opportunities to work in USA instead of returning to Korea. • American students major in science and engineering because they can receive the higher starting salary. A competitive starting salary is very important in attracting top performing students to major in science and engineering. 23 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Forum in UKC 2013 UKC 2013 SELECTED FORUM SUMMARY ISTK-ETRI-KORUSIP Intellectual Property Forum PAUL TAEKSOO LEE Forum Chair, UKC 2013 President Korea-US IP Foundation (KORUSIP) HO-NAM CHANG Forum Chair, UKC 2013 Chairman Korea Research Council for Industrial Science and Technology(ISTK) HEUNG-NAM KIM Forum Chair, UKC 2013 President Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute(ETRI) The importance of IP is tremendously influential to the scientific and industrial societies of the world. In particular, a demand of new roles of IP is increasing as the Creative Economy has been launched requiring innovative thinking and new values. In response to this challenging environment, this IP Forum hosted 6 numerous informative speakers about the new roles of IP in the era of Creative Economy and about how to lead the rapidly-growing world IP market. Moreover, the Forum held an “IP Competition” for academia, research institutes, private companies, individual inventors etc. from Korea & US, so pre-selected judges and many audience evaluators took part in the evaluation. Judges and audiences asked many questions that stimulated much more interesting discussions. Below, detailed summary of each of the speeches/ presentations is given. I. PRESENTATION TITLES AND SPEAKERS • Korea’s IP Strategy : Paving the way for the creative Economy, Ki-Seok Ko, Secretary - General, PCIP / MSIP, KOREA • Different models of IP monetization and Growth of IP monetization marketplace, Peter D. Holden, Senior Vice President, IPVALUE Management Inc., NJ • IP Cooperation between Korea and US, Ho-Hyung Park, IP Counsel, Embassy of the Republic of Korea in the USA, VA • R&D and IP Protection, Min-Sheo Choi, Director of IP Business Team, ETRI, KOREA • Global Patent War and The Impact of FRAND, Steven S. Payne, Senior Patent Attorney, LRK Patent Law Firm, VA • IP Awareness for Scientists & Engineers, Rachel A. Wallace, Director of Global Intellectual Property Academy, USPTO, VA • Green Power Muffler Retrofit Technology, Julius Junhyo Rim, IMET Ltd. MI • Linear Motion Guide Unit, Jeong-Eun Lee, WON ST Co., Ltd., KOREA • Production of non-combustible fiber reinforced plastic, Nam-wook Cho, Korea Institute of Construction Technology(KICT), KOREA • Gait Rehabilitation Robot for the Stroke, Hyun-Dae Yang, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), KOREA • Efficient Organic Solar Cell using Core/Shell Metal Oxide Nano-Particles, and Method for Manufacturing the same, Young-Dok Kim, Korea Institute of Materials Science(KIMS), KOREA • Method and Apparatus for providing Personalized Advertisements in IPTV System, Jeong-Wook Won, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute(ETRI), KOREA II. KEY MESSAGES • Linking nation-wide programs & systems, public and private, to promote start-ups based on technology, contents and convergence. • Expertise in IP Management – running IP as a business – as well as IP licensing or sales and, increasingly, IP finance expertise. • Through the Korea-US FTA and the Korea-EU FTA, we have raised the level of IP protection by introducing the geographical indication protection system and compensation for statutory damages. We plan to continue extending our FTA partners and endeavor to strengthen global IPR cooperation and IP protection. • For a business entity having competitors in the market, it is critical to efficiently align IP strategy with R&D and business strategies: blocking competitors, cross-licensing, or generating revenues. • After drafting the Standards, various patents held by the companies drafting the Standards are designated as Standards - Essential Patents (SEPs). • You must have a patent in a country to enforce against infringement in that country. Thus, many inventors and businesses are increasingly asking for resources on what they need to know about international filing and here is one such valuable resource, from the General Accounting Office or GAO. • Hydrated EGR System, method and apparatus for reducing harmful exhaust emissions and improving fuel economy. KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 24 Forum in UKC 2013 • • • • • 25 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Cross Roller Guide Way is the only way in the world to realize Anti-Creep Type without decreasing the number of rollers and increase of Load Carrying Capacity. Combination of three materials(Glass fiber, Melamine resin, Inorganic flame retarding material) can have excellent thermal resistance, minimize damage from flames. We propose a self adjustable mechanism by adding one additional revolution joint and removing a thigh Belt. So, anybody can easily and quickly wear this exoskeleton robot regardless of their body size. Use of core-shell nanoparticles in barrier layers for improving performance of organic solar cell. IPTV Targeted Advertisement will be coming soon in near future and Multicast Advertising in Multicasting System will be essential patent. Track Symposium UKC 2013 JUNG JOO HWANG, PhD. Forum Chair, UKC 2013 Assistant Director The University California, San Diego QI-CALIT2 I3 JONGDAE LEE, PhD. Forum Chair, UKC 2013 Associate Project Scientist The University California, San Diego INDUSTRY AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP TRACK SYMPOSIUM One to One Job Interview Event The IMF has warned that global economic slowdown is getting worse. U.S. Department of Labor reported 7.3% unemployment rate as of August, 2013 in the U.S. Fortunately, unemployment rate in South Korea, reported by the Korea National Statistical Office, decreased to 3.1% in August of 2013. However, data compiled by Korea show that the number of unemployed college graduates rose to an all time high in 2012, despite of the faster economic recovery than that in the U.S. Korean government data showed the unemployment rate among young people aged between 25 and 29 has been constantly increasing (Figure 1) and was 6.4% in February of 2013. Under present economic situation, all current job seekers, especially ones with higher degrees, are facing extreme challenge to find the best job where he/she can develop a successful career while contributing his/her knowledge and experience at work place. At the same time, finding, recruiting, and retaining the best employees are critical components for any organizations to build a successful and lasting organization. With that note, it was our privilege to coordinate “one to one job interview event” between KSEA members and the industry/academia sponsors at the UKC 2013 conference held in New Jersey from August 7th to 11th. Traditionally many Korean industrial companies and academic institutes have sponsored the UKCs while participating in technical symposium/forum. To further strengthen the sponsor relation, KSEA has appointed us as Industry Networking Forum Chairs to facilitate communication between KSEA and these partners. To establish open dialogue and to accomplish more efficient coordination, we established five step processes, invitation of one-to-one job interview opportunity, collecting job recruitment flyers, advertisement to KSEA members, arranging interview rooms upon sponsors’ requests, and on-site event support. On May, invitation letters to submit recruitment brochures including HR contact information, application process, and interview dates were sent to all pledged sponsors. Fourteen institutes and companies among UKC2013 sponsors indicated “on-site job interview interest” and provided one-page advertisement flyer with the recruitment information/incentive/point of contact/date and time of interview. With the excellent assistant of the KSEA IT team, collected recruitment flyers were sent via e-mail to KSEA members who had registered to the UKC2013, as well as posted onto the UKC2013 website (Figure 2). In July, our 14 industry partners sent lists of interview candidates and selected dates and time for 8/8-11. Interview rooms at the UKC2013 conference were assigned according to the request of the sponsors. This event gave us a great opportunity to interact with our sponsors closely. Through effective communication by appointed Industry Networking Forum Chairs, “one to one job interview event” at the UKC2013 conference was a success, including job offers to some applicants on site. There were many ways to improve this type of event. For example, we can start the process earlier so that more sponsors could participate and KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 26 Track Simposium in UKC 2013 provide more spaces to secure job applicant’s privacy and smooth interviews. In summary, connecting job searchers and HR managers of organizations at the UKC2013 was a rewarding experience and could be a tool to establish close and win-win relationship while producing tangible outcomes for KSEA and our sponsors. We believe that this will no doubt make future KSEA organizers’ job of securing sponsors much easier. 27 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 YG Program UKC 2013 CHRISTOPHER CHOI, PhD. YGPF Chair, UKC 2013 DANIEL WON YGPF Co-Chair, UKC 2013 BENJAMIN LEE, PhD. YGPF Advisor, UKC 2013 UKC 2013 YG PROGRAM SUMMARY The 6th Young Generation and Professional Forum (YGPF) was successfully held from August 8th through August 10th, 2013 in the greater New York/ New Jersey metropolitan area. Over 67 participants coming from all over the United States, Canada, and Korea attended this year’s YGPF program at UKC 2013. This year’s theme of UKC, “Towards Harmonious World with Science, Technology and Entrepreneurship” was the key in determining the path of the YGPF program. We tried to emphasize the importance of the YG to become more incorporate with the general KSEA and to be more active in the specialized field of science and technology by getting to know the Affiliated Professional Societies (APS) within KSEA. Most of the talks by the invited speakers also focused on working as professionals in the industry and the academia as a 1.5 to 2nd generation Korean-Americans. The 2013 YGPF program could not have been possible without the generous support from the Korean-American Scientists and Engineers Association (KSEA). The lengthened 3-day YGPF program began each day with a UKC plenary session in the mornings and YGPF specific sessions in the afternoon. On the first day of the program, a Plenary Keynote to the KSEA Young Generation was given by the Former Minister of Science and Technology of Korea and the founder of the Young Generation Forum (YGF), Dr. Si-Jung Kim. Dr. Kim expressed his warm affection towards the YGF program and the growth that it has seen over the years. All attendees who have not attended YGF yet were highly encouraged to apply for next year’s program. Then,YGPF participants were welcomed by KSEA president Dr. Myung Jong Lee from The City College of New York (CCNY). Dr. Lee’s warm welcome to the YG group and his plans for this year’s administration to help the growth of the YG programs and meetings were laid out during his welcoming speech. The welcoming speech was followed by a short ice-breaking session where YGPF participants had a chance to meet other participants and network. After the ice-breaking session, Dr. Christopher Park from the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and the current president of the East Rock Institute gave a talk on “Virtues Over Skill: My Search for Why Korean Culture Matters”. Then he was followed by Dr. Stephen Suh of the Hackensack University Medical Center, who gave a talk on “Understanding the future of personalized medicine”. Both speakers gave interesting talks that spurred discussion amongst the participants and the speakers themselves. The evening concluded with dinner and a nightcap speech by the former president of KSEA, Dr. Hosin “David” Lee. On the second day of the program, two talks were given by Dr.Yongho Sohn from the University of Central Florida, titled, “A Day in the Life of a University Faculty: Perspective from 1.75 Generation Korean-American”. Dr. Sohn’s recount of his experiences and learning was a great hit amongst the participants, and provided valuable insights into his everyday life as a Korean-American faculty. Dr. Sohn’s talk was followed by Dr. Jane Oh’s talk on “Woman Leaders at NASA”. During her talk, Dr. Oh placed great emphasis on being KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 28 YG Program in UKC 2013 more active within KSEA and what it is like to be working in industry as a minority. After listening to Drs. Sohn and Oh, the YGPF participants then participated in a career panel talk with Hyung Lee of PacificWest Energy Services, Dr. Grace E. Park of BD,Younjin Lena Lim of LeBow College of Business, Dr. John H. Lee of KPMG, and Hyon Lee of Voce. End of the day’s program concluded with a networking session with the APS members from KSEA. This was the highlight of the YGPF program, as the networking session allowed for YGPF participants to get to know the APS members and to network within their professional fields. The evening program was capped off with a trip to Palisades Park, NJ for a night of fun and activities. Then on the final day of the program, the poster sessions showcasing cutting edge research across a wide range of disciplines, and current YG chapter activities around the country was held. After the poster event, a team-building competition was held with the participants to build the highest free standing marshmallow with nothing more than few sticks of spaghetti, a length of string and tape. The YGPF concluded with the awards ceremony for the winners of the poster program and the team-building competition. The notable first place winners were Sungjae Ha (MA) for Technical Poster in Engineering, Dolim Lee (PA) for Technical Poster in Science, and Elise Lee (CA) for Leadership, Career Poster, and Team H for Team Competition. After attending the 2013 UKC dinner and closing ceremony, the YGPF participants headed out the Manhattan to see the city and to enjoy the nightlife. Finally, the YGPF would not have been possible without the many hours spent by the volunteer organizers and the local arrangement committee. With the successful end of the 6th YGPF behind us, we can look forward to another successful program at UKC 2014 in San Francisco, California. We look forward to seeing everyone again at UKC 2014! 29 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Testimonial UKC 2013 UKC 2013 TESTIMONIAL ESSAY “UKC 2013: AN EXCELLENT NETWORKING PLACE TO CONNECT WITH BIO-PEOPLE FROM BOTH INDUSTRY AND ACADEMIA” JOO IN JUNG Student University of Florida With great pleasure, I would like to share my first UKC experience with KSEA Letters magazine readers. Ahead of my testimonial, I would like to provide a bit of my background. My academic background includes a Bachelor’s degree in Life Sciences in Korea and a graduate degree in Neuroscience in the U.S. Currently, I am a Ph.D. candidate in Neuroscience at the University of Florida. Although I’ve been feeling very fortunate that I could continue my education in the U.S., networking at professional levels has been a bit challenging for me here. At that point, I got to know about the Gainesville KSEA chapter and UKC 2013. What I realized at UKC is that there were a lot of biological scientists as well as engineers. This fact surprised me because I heard that UKC is a more engineering oriented meeting. It was true that there were many prominent engineers however I got to meet many basic and translational biological scientists who are also actively doing research in various fields including Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology. For example, I was at the central nervous system (CNS) drug discovery session and I was able to connect with some influential scientists in the field. Having those chances to network with them was such a pleasant motivation for my career. Another motivational factor for this meeting is that UKC has great support for young professionals. One of the realistic issues that graduate students face is finding funding sources for traveling. KSEA provided strong financial support for students who are willing to participate in the conference. I think that more students should know about this meeting and take an advantage of the support to start experiencing and practicing their networking skills. Lastly, the invited speaker/career panel sessions were very helpful for me to learn career development strategies and tips. The speakers with ‘know-how’ provided good examples to better design career paths for those who are at junior levels in their career paths. Although UKC 2013 lasted only for 3-4 days, the experiences and connections that I got were invaluable. I got to connect with many reputable scientists. They were willing to mentor me on what they experienced and they were supportive about my future plans. In addition, now knowing that there are many subgroups including the young generation professional group in KSEA, I would like to participate in more subgroup meetings. I would like to recommend the UKC meeting for graduate students like me, or anyone who is pursuing a professional track in his/her career. It is a great place to share some concerns within the same age group as well as to get advised from scientists who are more experienced in their career paths. I am looking forward to meeting everyone at UKC 2014. KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 30 Testimonial in UKC 2013 UKC 2013 LONG TESTIMONIAL DO HYUN (MICHAEL) KIM Student The City College of New York ELISE LEE KSEA Young Generation Director Silicon Valley Capter UKC 2013 was my 4th KSEA conference and the 1st that I have participated as a volunteer. I was able to witness firsthand the incredible amount of dedication and passion the KSEA committee members and organizers have for KSEA as well as the young generation members. I think it’s great that past YG participants are part of the new organizing teams because they have the insight to create better programs and sessions for the YG participants. This UKC YG program was definitely a testament to that because the YG program was very well planned and executed. One of my favorite events was the Young Professional Career Panel. I believe that each panelist had so much experience and knowledge to share from their respective professions. It would have been nice if that session was longer and provided some more personal interaction with the panelists. The cocktail networking event was also something new that I felt worked really well. The environment was very relaxed and lively that it was really easy to approach people and strike a conversation. It was especially nice to have some of the older KSEA members, who sometimes seem to be out of our networking range, there to communicate with and hear about their experiences and receive great advice. Moreover, UKC 2013 was another great venue for me to develop myself on a personal as well as professional level. I look forward to organizing and participating in future KSEA conferences. I entered the UKC Conference, a new environment with new faces. But by end of the third day, I said my goodbyes to friends and mentors, now familiar faces. It was my first time attending the conference as a young professional and representative of the Korean-American Scientists and Engineers Association (KSEA). The UKC Conference was an unique event; it integrated not only young professionals, but also experienced professionals from various industries through programs, talks, and events. I enjoyed the UKC Program, an opportunity focused on providing professional development opportunities and guidance, introducing Young Generation (YG) members into KSEA. The YG symposium held during the conference focused on United States-Korea collaboration in the fields of science, engineering, and entrepreneurship. During the YG symposium, a poster session was held. It was an educational experience; I learned about the various research, leadership and technical skills of graduate students and young professionals, and also networked with other YG university chapters. I am thankful to have met other Korean-Americans who are also developing their respective careers. The technical seminars and talks by guest speakers reminded me how important it is for us young Korean-American professionals to set an example, both for ourselves and others. Meeting with people from diverse walks of life and various technical fields helped expand my knowledge of the available opportunities and careers of those in my field. Moreover, winning first place in Leadership and Career was both an honor and humbling highlight of my experience. I am proud to have represented the KSEA Silicon Valley Chapter with this award. When I left New York, I left with great memories, connected by a stronger network of talented colleagues and friends. I would like to extend warm thanks to the organizers and volunteers for helping run both a successful and inspiring conference, and KSEA for expanding opportunities for present and future Young Generation Members. 31 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Testimonial in UKC 2013 POST UKC 2013 COMMENTS “This was my second UKC and I am always grateful for the wonderful KSEA events. Though KSEA, I had the opportunity to do few technical presentations in a professional setting and I feel much more comfortable presenting my research to others. Luckily, I also met many inspiring professionals and extraordinary young participants, some of whom have become my dear friends. With the helpful recruiting booths and company presentations at UKC, I have become aware of many job opportunities available in US and in Korea. I feel much more prepared for the day when I will start planning for a life outside of graduate school.” -Sarah Cha (Graduate Student at City of Hope, Duarte, CA) “It was my first UKC experience and I had a great time at the conference. Many of the professional sessions, Civil and Environmental Engineering and Young Generation were very informative and pertinent to my field, and the evening activities were a great opportunity for the networking. I’m looking forward to the upcoming future KSEA events.” -Mark K Choi (Project Manager at TRC Companies, Inc., Millburn, NJ) “To be honest, I never knew that so many outstanding Korean PhDs existed here in America. Every one of them seemed to have achieved success in their field. Most of all, they are willing to help out the next generation in every way they can. That’s what I learned from UKC 2013.” -Hyungju Ham (Graduate at CCNY, Flushing, NY) “It was a tremendous opportunity to build a great social networking in various academic fields and industry sectors at UKC 2013. As a member of YGPF, I have not expected to share my specialty and research interests during the program provided by YGPF since my major is based on social science; however, many people were highly interested in my research interests and my major (Transportation Economics and Policy). Therefore, every conversation with others at UKC 2013 was so unforgettable and I did taste a little about current hot issues of natural science and engineering as well.” -Ju Dong Park (PhD Candidate at North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND) “YGPF provided an opportunity of meeting so many young, talented Koreans. I left UKC more motivated to pursue my dreams, and I look forward to seeing my new friends again soon.” -Jullia Y Lee (Clinical Researcher, Entrepreneur at Niche Therapeutics, Ann Arbor, MI) “UKC 2013 was a great opportunity to learn different studies and industry. I also really appreciate all organizers who entertain and lead participatants well. The networking events such as career panel and cocktail event helped me to communicate with so many different scientists and engineers!” -Su Yeon “Kayla” Kim (Graduate Student at University of Washington, Chicago, IL) “Through UKC 2013, I had the precious opportunity to meet with young scholars/professionals and was inspired by their enthusiasm and professionalism. I especially appreciated UKC for helping me establish connections with many industrial leaders from Korea - place where I hope to return to one day and make contributions as an engineer and scientist.” -Seoho Lee (Ph.D. Student at Cornell University, Ithaca, NY) “I wish I had started attending UKC years before. I was immensely motivated by all the highly successful individuals and gained so much insight into what I should be doing in order to be in their shoes in the next 5, 10, 20 years. My experience was heightened by my role as a volunteer, as it helped me to interact with our local chapter leaders and distinguished guests. “ -Joanne Haeun Lee (Senior Undergraduate at The City College of New York, New York, NY) “I really loved to meet intelligent and awesome people from everywhere.” -Yuna Choi (Undergraduate at Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN) KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 32 KSEA Awards 2013 KSEA AWARDS RECIPIENTS OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS TO KSEA AWARDS BY KSEA AND MISP Kyong Chul Chun 26th President of KSEA SCIENTIST OF THE YEAR AWARD BY KSEA AND KOFST Kyong Sang Lee, Senior Investigator National Institutes of Health (NIH) ENGINEER OF THE YEAR AWARD BY KSEA AND KOFST Kang-Won Lee, Manager Mobile Network Analytics Department, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center OUTSTANDING CHAPTER AND CHAPTER PRESIDENT AWARD Sung Woo Kim, Professor Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University 42nd North Carolina Chapter President YOUNG GENERATION LEADERSHIP AWARD John Lee, Manager KPMG LLP 33 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 KSEA Awards ACCEPTING THE KSEA 2013 SCIENTIST OF THE YEAR AWARD First of all, I feel humbled to receive this prestigious award, especially considering that there are so many great Korean-American scientists who deserve it. I thank all the committee members for their time and effort during the selection process. KYONG SANG LEE, PhD. Senior Investigator and Head of the Chemistry Section in the Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institues of Health (NIH) For the past several years, I have been engaging in various KSEA activities, and have been enjoying them very much. In my view, the KSEA has been playing a leading role not only in promoting science and technology for Korean-Americans living in the U.S. but also in fostering scientific collaborations between the U.S. and Korea. Indeed, it is safe to say that the KSEA has become a key organization for Korean-American scientists and engineers to develop their professional careers, as evidenced by the growing number of participants for U.S.-Korea Conferences and increasing number of local chapter activities. As each and every one of us does well in his or her field and contributes to the KSEA community, I am certain that the KSEA will continue to strive to fulfill its vision. KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 34 Featured Article HOSIN “DAVID” LEE, PhD., PE. Director, Laboratory for Advanced Construction Technology (LACT) AUTOMATED LASER PAVEMENT IMAGE COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS SYSTEM INTRODUCTION Over the years, many Automated Image Collection Systems (AICS) have been developed to capture pavement images. The cameras used by most of the AICS adopt Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) sensors where visible ray is projected. However, to alleviate shadows and inconsistent illumination effects on the image, an artificial lighting system was required, which demanded a complex strobe lighting system and a highpower generator. Due to such limitations, it has been difficult to automatically analyze the pavement images captured under artificial light. A new Laser Road Imaging System (LRIS) developed by INO, Inc., which utilizes a laser to illuminate the pavement surface and a line scan camera to capture an image under laser frequency, can detect a crack with 1 mm in width using two CCD line scan cameras and two laser projectors. As illustrated in Figure 1,the Automated Image Collection System (AICS) was developed using LRIS. The Automated Image Analysis System (AIAS) was then developed to analyze the images collected by the AICS. Professor University of Iowa skytrust@gmail.com Figure 1. Flow chart of automated image collection system software Figure 2. LRIS mounted onto the KICT Road Data Collection Vehicle 35 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 AUTOMATED IMAGE COLLECTION SYSTEM (AICS) The LRIS consists of two laser line projectors, two line scan cameras, a frame grabber board, a controller, and mounting fixtures. The size of the image from each camera is 2048 pixels with an acquisition rate of 28,000 lines per second which enables the system to capture its images at speed of 100 km/h without blurring. The laser is classified as 3B class which indicates “the system with power levels of 5 mW to 500 mW for continuous wave lasers or less than 10 J/cm² for a 0.25 s pulsed laser” according to ANSI Z136.1 standard. Thus, the laser will be hazardous to human eyes if the laser beam is viewed directly without wearing protective eye gear. Figure 2 shows two laser CCD line scan cameras mounted onto a vehicle developed by Korea Institute of Construction Technology (KICT). As shown in Figure 1, both cameras are mounted at a height of two meters so that they can cover a full lane width of up to four meters. The LRIS system also includes a frame grabber with an auxiliary board which receives external trigger sources such as Distance Measuring Instrument (DMI) and odometer. As shown in Figure 3, new Automated Image Collection System (AICS) software was developed which shows a screenshot of the AICS software user interface captured while the vehicle was running at speed of 60 km/h. The AICS software provides two initialization buttons for internal mode and external trigger mode by DMI, two buttons to start and stop grabbing images, two buttons to uninitialize LRIS and quit AICS software. In addition, to Featured Article help a user monitor the LRIS operation, an event log box is added to the main window, where events and error messages are displayed. AICS software also allows the user to save settings such as image quality, image height, and a folder to save images. Figure 3 AICS software to Collect Images from the KICT Road Data Collection Vehicle Figure 4 PicCrack Automated Image Analysis Software (AIAS) AUTOMATED IMAGE ANALYSIS SYSTEM (AIAS) To measure cracking from the laser images with the increased amount of background noises, as shown in Figure 3, the Automated Image Analysis System (AIAS) software called “PicCrack” was developed. The automated image processing algorithm developed for the PicCrack software is currently being considered for the ASTM standard. PicCrack can accurately process the laser images collected by the AICS. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS Recently, Laser Road Imaging System (LRIS) was developed by INO, Inc., which can acquire the image without shadows. The Automated Image Collection System (AICS) was then developed to convert the laser image pixel data to jpg image format along with an image name based on the Distance Measuring Instrument (DMI) value. The image pixel data stream obtained from the LRIS was stored into the image buffer and later configured into jpg format using C++ language. The Automated Image Analysis System (AIAS) called “PicCrack” was then developed to analyze the laser images with a large amount of background noises. KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 36 Technical Articles MULTIFERROICS FOR FREQUENCY AGILE MICROWAVE APPLICATIONS This article reviews progress in modern multiferroics and prospects for frequency agile microwave applications, where focus is placed on the vertical high-aspect-ratio nano pillar multiferroic architecture, a fabrication approach, and radio frequency (RF) /microwave applications. YONG KYU YOON, PhD. Associate Professor Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Florida While existence of simultaneous ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity had been conceived more than a century [1], their implementation was experimented in the 1960s and 1970s. But, it was concluded extremely challenging because of the exclusiveness in the electronic occupation requirement of the outer atomic shells for the transition metal oxide based ferroelectrics and ferromagnets. Recently, the research becomes revitalized with the discovery of compounds showing stronger multiferroic coupling [2, 3], the advancement of the computational techniques [4, 5], and the progress in the thin film growth nanotechnologies [6, 7]. Early work shows multiferroic possibility in ABO3 type perovskite magnetic materials, with the A site consisting of a large cation ferroelectric material such as Bi and the B site consisting of a small cation magnetic such as iron or manganese, e.g. BiFeO3 [8]. As it shows large polarization and high Curie temperature (over 800 °C), it can be used for ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM) and high-temperature devices. Thin film BiMnO3, BiCrO3 and PbVO3 are also introduced as promising candidates [9, 10]. However, the epitaxial thin film perovskite multiferroic materials have been known to have relatively weak coupling between ferroelectricisy and magnetism, and the dimension dependent property change, i.e. below a certain dimension, the material experiences the degradation of ferroelectricisty and/or magnetism. As alternatives to the single-phase epitaxial films, horizontal multilayer heterostructures e.g. layer-by-layer structures and vertical heterostructures e.g. nanopillars embedded in a matrix of the other are thought to be promising. The horizontal approach adopts the alternating layers of ferroelectrics and ferromagnetics such as the FeTiO3 and BaTiO3 in a horizontal superlattice form where the displacement of atoms of ferroelectrics at the interfaces results in a magnetoelectric effect [11]. Heterostructures consisting of piezo or ferroelectric with magnetic elements are expected to be possibilities of a field effect multiferroic heterostructures such as Co-doped TiO2/PZT [12] and lanthanum calcium manganite/PZT [13], where PZT influences the strain enhanced magnetic behavior responding to the external electric field. Meantime, the vertical pillar heterostructures, which are relatively new and less explored, are expected to offer much more opportunities and advantages in comparison with the above mentioned single-phase epitaxial films and the horizontal heterostructures. The pillar approach as shown in Figure 1, being inherently 3-D architecture, offers a larger interfacial surface area leading to enhanced coupling effects. The substrate-imposed mechanical clamping effect, which is one of the major drawbacks in the case of the horizontal heterostructures would be greatly relieved, resulting in higher magnetoelectric coupling [14]. However, there are lots of challenges to be addressed to be useful in practice, such as the formation of self-assembled, vertical high-aspect ratio nanostructures in meaningful dimensions for microwave and optical devices; the understanding of the fundamentals on multiferroics in the architecture; the controllability of the timescale of the coupling process in the operation frequency of interest, e.g. the matching between the time constants of the ferroelectric switching and the magnetic response; the dependency of those behaviors on the nanopillar chemical composiFig. 1. Vertical pillar heterostructure tion; a critical dimension to maintain such properties; and long-term based multiferroic architecture reliability etc.. A cost-effective, and manufacturable fabrication process for a vertical nano pillar array is to utilize an anodization process for the high-aspect-ratio nanopore template, and fill the nanopores with electrical conductors by electrodepostion or a photo synthesis process [15, 16]. A two-step anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) process is used for a relatively good periodic nanopore array while the array still contains localized irregularity and nonsymmetry. The pore symmetricity and uniformity could be greatly enhanced by using a multi-beam interfer- 37 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Technical Article ence lithography process to form a large area hexagonal symmetric nanotemplate prior to the anodization process [17]. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e Fig. 2. Tri-beam interference lithography, anodization, and metallization: (a) an incident beam scheme of tri-beam interference lithography, (b) an interference pattern on a photoresist layer, (c) a fabricated hexa-symmetric nanopore array after the interference lithography (top view), (d) anodized aluminum oxide template with a high-aspect-ratio nanopore array (cross-section view) [17], (e) an epoxy/gold nanocomposite by an AAO templated photo synthesis process [16] Figure 2 shows a tri-beam interference lithography based hexagonal symmetric pattern fabrication followed by aluminum anodization and the photo synthesis of epoxy/gold nanocomposites. Figure 2a shows a scheme of tri-beam interference lithography, where the incident angle of each plane wave beam is 23° from the vertical line, and the phase difference is 120° between beams in the horizontal plane. With negative tone photoresist and the electric field of each beam is in parallel with the horizontal plane, a periodic nanopore array pattern is formed as shown in Figure 2b. A perfect hexagonal symmetric pattern is obtained over a large area (Figure 2c) [17]. Aluminum foil is anodized in oxalic acid at 40 V for 4 minutes. Figure 2d shows the cross-sectional view of a fabricated AAO template. The average pore size and the average pitch are 60 nm and 100 nm, respectively. A nanopillar array made of the gold-polymer nanocomposite is fabricated using the prepared AAO template, and subsequent photopolymerization of photopatternable epoxy, SU-8 (Microchem Inc.), and simultaneous photoreduction of gold nanoparticles with ultraviolet (UV) light. The nanopillar array after etching the AAO template is shown in Figure 2e. Also, the AAO template can be filled with various ferromagnetic materials using electrodeposition. After etching the AAO template selectively [18], the space can be filled with ferroelectric/piezoelectric materials using the sol-gel process or atomic layer deposition to form the vertical pillar multiferroic heterostructures. Multiferroics can be used for frequency agile RF/microwave and optical applications. Especially, compact, electrically tunable filters, resonators, couplers, phase shifters for array antennas, isolators, and circulators would be implemented. However, one of the practical challenges upon detecting the change of magnetization to the external electric field or the change of electrical polarization to the external magnetic field is its small quantity in current multiferroics, whose values are often buried in the noise and loss. Therefore, the development of low loss multiferroics is of great importance. As another interesting application of the multiferroics, the excitation of spin waves by an AC electrical field and of ferroelectric oscillators by a magnetic field can be used to produce magnetoelectric generators or spin wave amplifiers, which do not have much experimental demonstration though. In addition, the vertical pillar architecture explored offers an opportunity to produce electromagnetic metametarials because of its periodicity in the size scale much smaller than the wavelength of the operation frequency. The first generation metamaterials implemented by microfabrication tend to suffer from large scattering and diffraction loss, fabrication complexity, and limited electromagnetic properties. The nanoscale pillar architecture fabricated using anodized templates allows highly sub-wavelength properties for microwave applications and will safely satisfy the homogeneity condition of metamaterials resulting in reduced scattering loss and offering subwavelength imaging capability. High-aspect-ratio nanopillar geometry is expected to eliminate an external magnetic field to set a necessary magnetic condition for a certain application [19]. The nano pillar multiferroic composites, having high magnetic remanence, electrically tunable, ferromagnetic properties, pose great potentials with aid of todays advanced nanotechnologies and newly developed electromagnetic metamaterial concepts. Anodization and nanolithography will be used to implement high-aspectratio multiferroics while there are lots of challenges to overcome yet including realization of high coupling between ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism, and low loss in RF/microwave regimes. In addition to the KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 38 Technical Article tunable and isotropic properties such as in tunable filters phase shifters, and circulators, spintronic devices such as nanogenerators and nanodetectors will be available [20]. REFERENCES [1] Ramesh, R. and Spaldin, N.A. Multiferroics: progress and prospects in thin films, Nature Materials, 6, 2129 (2007) [2] Kimura, T. et al. Magnetic control of ferroelectric polarization, Nature, 426, 55-58 (2003) [3] Ikeda, N. et al. Ferroelectricity from iron valence ordering in the charge-frustrated system LuFe2O4, Nature, 436, 1136-1138 (2005) [4] Hill, N.A. Why are there so few magnetic feroelectrics? J. Phys. Chem, B, 104, 6694-6709 (2000) [5] Ederer, C. and Spaldin, N.A. Recent Progress in first-principles studies of magnetoelectric multiferroics. Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci. 9, 128-139 (2005) [6] Cheong, S.-W. & Mostovoy, M. Multiferroics: A amgentic twist for ferroelectricity, Nature Mater. 6, 13-20 (2006). [7] Jia, C.-L. et al. Nature Mater. 6, 64-69 (2007). [8] Wang, J. et al. Epitaxial BiFeO3 multiferroic thin film heterostructures, Science, 299, 1719 (2003) [9] Murakami, M. et al. Fabrication of multiferroic epitaxial BiCrO3 thin films, Appl. Phys. Lett, 88, 152902 (2006) [10] Shpanchenko, R.V. et al. Synthesis, structure,and properties of new perovskite PbVO3, Chem. Mater. 16, 3267-3273 (2004) [11] Duan, C.-G., Jaswal S.S., Tsymbal E.Y. Predicted Magnetoelectric effect in Fe/BaTiO3 Multilayers: Ferroelectric Control Magnetism, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 047201 (2006) [12] Tanaka, H., Zhang, J. Kawai, T. Giant electric field modulation of double exchange ferromagnetism at room temperature in the perovskite manganite/titanate p-n junction, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 027204 (2002) [13] Wu, T. et al. Electroresistance and electronic phase separation in mixed-valent manganites, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5998-6001 (2001) [14] Zavaliche, F. et al. Electric field-induced magnetization switching in epitaxial columnar nanostructures, Nano Lett. 5, 1793-1796 (2003) [15] Nielsch, K., Muller, F., Li, A.P., and Gosele, U. Uniform nickel deposition into ordered alumina pores by pulsed electrodeposition, Adv. Mater., 12, 582-586 (2000) [16] Shukla, S., Kim, K.T., Baev, A.,Yoon,Y.K., Nitchinitser, N., Prasad, P. Fabrication and characterization of gold-plymer nanocomposite plasmonic nanoarrrays in a porous alumina template, ACS Nano, 4, 2249-2255 (2010) [17] Yoon,Y.K., Kim, K.T., Kim, G., Jee, H., Prasad, P.N., Multibeam Interference Lithography Templated Pattern Transfer Process for Large-Area Ordered Nanopore Array Fabrication, Proceedings of Technologies for Micro-Nano Manufacturing Symposium, Napa Valley, CA, 179-182 (2011) [18] Hill, J.J., Haller, K., Belfand, B., Ziegler, K.J., Eliminating Capillary Coalescence of Nanowire Arrays with Applied Electric Fields, ACS Appl. Mater. Int. 7, 1992-1998, (2010) [19] Garignan, L.-P.,Yelon, A., Menard, D., Caloz, C. Ferromagnetic nanowire metamaterials: theory and applications, IEEE Tran. Mic. Theo. Tech., 59, 2568-2586 (2011) [20] Fert., A. Nobel lecture: origin, development, and future of spintronics, Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 144411 (2010) 39 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Technical Article POLO-LIKE KINASE 1 (PLK1) IN MITOTIC CONTROL AND ANTI-CANCER THERAPY Our primary focus of our research is to investigate the physiological functions of mammalian polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) that appears to play multiple roles at the multiple stages of the cell cycle. Plk1 is highly deregulated in various types of human cancers and is thought to be a promising anti-cancer drug target. Thus, our secondary focus is to develop anti-Plk1 therapeutic agents by exploiting potential leads from our research. Background and our recent progress in Plk1 inhibitor development are discussed. KYONG SANG LEE, PhD. Senior Investigator and Head of the Chemistry Section in the Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institues of Health (NIH) Reversible protein phosphorylation by protein kinases is a fundamental regulatory mechanism for diverse cellular processes in eukaryotic organisms. It is now clear that, in addition to the extensively studied cyclindependent protein kinases (collectively, Cdks), the polo subfamily of the Ser/Thr protein kinases (collectively, Plks) play pivotal roles in cellular proliferation [see reviews, (1, 2)]. Among the four Plks found in mammalian cells, Plk1 has drawn much attention because of its important function in cell division and proliferation. Plk1 localizes to centrosomes, kinetochores, and spindle midzone to promote various mitotic events such as centrosome maturation, bipolar spindle assembly, mitotic entry and exit, and cytokinesis (Fig. 1), suggesting that its function is critical for various events at these locations. As with the importance of Plk1 in cell division and proliferation, Plk1 is highly overexpressed in a broad spectrum of human cancers, and its overexpression is closely associated with aggressiveness and poor prognosis for various types of human cancers [see reviews, (3, 4)]. Recent studies demonstrate that most cancer cells are addicted to a high level of Plk1 for viability (5, 6), suggesting that Plk1-dependent biochemical steps and signaling pathways are crucially required for cancer cell survival. As a result, Plk1 is thought to be one of the most attractive anti-cancer drug targets. Over the years, efforts have been made to generate anti-Plk1 inhibitors, and several compounds have been developed to competitively inhibit the kinase activity of Plk1. However, mainly due to a large number (>500) of protein kinases in mammalian cells and the high degree of structural conservation among ATPbinding pockets, the current prevailing strategy of inhibiting the catalytic activity of the kinase has suffered from a high level of cross-reactivity with other unrelated kinases. Protein–protein interaction inhibitors are considered highly specific and, therefore, more amenable for combinatorial therapy with less toxicological problems. However, the difficulty of finding right targets with a small, welldefined, and unique binding cleft has hampered the development of this class of therapeutic agents. Plk1 offers, within one molecule, two functionally different drug targets with distinct properties 1) the N-terminal catalytic domain and 2) the C-terminal non-catalytic PBD essential for targeting the catalytic activity of Plk1 to specific subcellular locations (7) (see Fig. 1A). Unlike other members of the protein kinase family, the nature of PBD to function in conjunction with its cis-acting, N-terminal kinase domain uniquely allows Plk1 to achieve cooperative phosphorylation onto its substrates (8). Thus, blockade of PBD-dependent protein–protein interactions represents an alternative and potentially highly specific means of inhibiting Plk1 function. Fig. 1. Multiple functions of mammalian polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) during the M phase of the cell cycle. (A) Schematic diagram shows that Plk1 is composed of an N-terminal catalytic domain and a Cterminal non-catalytic polo-box domain (PBD). (B), Plk1 regulates various components, such as Cdc2, Cohesin, APC, and Ect2, and contributes to diverse mitotic events during the different stages of M phase progression. (C) Immunostained HeLa cells show that Plk1 localizes to centrosomes (asterisks), kinetochores (CREST), and spindle midzone (multiple lines of green lines between two DAPI masses). While analyzing various Plk1 PBD-binding proteins, we discovered a 5-mer phosphopeptide (PLHSpT) from a kinetochore protein, PBIP1 (9), which specifically binds to Plk1 PBD, but not two closely related Plk2 and Plk3 PBDs (10). By taking advantage of this Plk1 PBD-specific phosphopeptide, we have been developing a new class of Plk1 inhibitors through a series of chemical modifications. This effort has yielded several peptide-based phosphomimetics that exhibit up to three orders of magnitude enhanced binding affinity and improved cellular activity (11-13). In a parallel approach, we have screened NCI’s pure and natural compound repositories using fluorescence polarization-based and cell-based Plk1 PBD inhibition assays KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 40 Technical Article and obtained several potent inhibitors (Fig. 2A). Although chemical modification and optimization of these inhibitors are likely required for best efficacy, these inhibitors showed a high potency in killing cultured HeLa cells at submicromolar concentrations (Fig. 2B). Fig. 2. An example of in vitro high throughput screening and the representative images of HeLa cells treated with control DMSO or a selected inhibitor from the screen. (A) Using a fluorescence polarization-based Plk1 PBD inhibition assay, a half million compound library was screened. The greet dots in the first column indicate the inhibition activities from 16 independent assays carried out with the Plk1 PBD-binding phospho-5 mer peptide. The red dots in the same column denote those from another parallel 16 assays with the respective control non-phospho-5 mer peptide. The horizontal black line indicates IC50 value. The three dots marked with green arrows indicate potential PBD inhibitors that exhibit a potent anti-Plk1 PBD activity. (B) Asynchronously growing HeLa cells were treated with 0.8 μM of control DMSO or one of the inhibitors selected from (A). Twenty-four hours after treatment, cells were photographed. The data provided here demonstrate that specific inhibition of Plk1 PBD is achievable by PLHSpT mimetic peptides or their structurally related compounds. They also provide the proof of principle that the inhibition of the PBD of Plk1 is sufficient to induce cancer cell killing. Further development of the above mentioned peptide derivatives and small molecule inhibitors may lead to the development of anti-Plk1 therapeutic agents. REFERENCES: 1. Archambault V & Glover DM (2009) Polo-like kinases: conservation and divergence in their functions and regulation. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:265-275. 2. Barr FA, Sillje HH, & Nigg EA (2004) Polo-like kinases and the orchestration of cell division. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 5:429-440. 3. Strebhardt K (2010) Multifaceted polo-like kinases: drug targets and antitargets for cancer therapy. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 9:643-660. 4. Strebhardt K & Ullrich A (2006) Targeting polo-like kinase 1 for cancer therapy. Nat. Rev. Cancer. 6:321330. 5. Luo J, et al. (2009) A genome-wide RNAi screen identifies multiple synthetic lethal interactions with the Ras oncogene. Cell 137:835-848. 6. Sur S, et al. (2009) A panel of isogenic human cancer cells suggests a therapeutic approach for cancers with inactivated p53. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A. 106:3964-3969. 7. Park JE, et al. (2010) Polo-box domain: a versatile mediator of polo-like kinase function. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 67:1957-1970. 8. Park JE, Erikson RL, & Lee KS (2011) Feed-forward mechanism of converting biochemical cooperativity to mitotic processes at the kinetochore plate. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 108:8200-8205. 9. Kang YH, et al. (2006) Self-regulation of Plk1 recruitment to the kinetochores is critical for chromosome congression and spindle checkpoint signaling. Mol. Cell 24:409-422. 10.Yun SM, et al. (2009) Structural and functional analyses of minimal phosphopeptides targeting the polobox domain of polo-like kinase 1. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 16:876-882. 11. Liu F, et al. (2011) Serendipitous alkylation of a Plk1 ligand uncovers a new binding channel. Nat. Chem. Biol. 7:595-601. 12. Liu F, et al. (2012) Identification of high affinity polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) polo-box domain binding peptides using oxime-based diversification. ACS Chem. Biol. 7:805-810. 13. Qian WJ, et al. (2013) Peptides Containing Mono-anionic Phosphothreonine Esters That Exhibit High Plk1 Polo-box Domain-binding Affinities and Potent Antiproliferative Effects in HeLa Cells. Chem. & Biol. in press. 41 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Attorney Essay WHAT ALL RESEARCHERS SHOULD KNOW ABOUT PATENT LAW UNDER THE NEW LAW The America Invents Act (“AIA”) is the most significant revision of U.S. patent law in over 50 years. As of March 16, 2013, the AIA become fully effective and U.S patent law has changed from a first-to-invent to a first-to-file system. What was really changed? How will it impact you and what should you know about it? You get a patent for difference in your invention from the “prior art.” I will elaborate on how the AIA redefined prior art and why this urges researchers to file a patent application as early as possible. I will further explain what type of patent application should be filed. SEAN SANGHO LEE Registered U.S. Patent Attorney Novick, Kim & Lee, PLLC www.nkllaw.com slee@nkllaw.com REDEFINITION OF PRIOR ART New patent law redefined what is considered prior art, and the new definition provides at least two reasons why researchers should file their patent applications in the United States Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”) as early as possible. First, the redefined prior art is expanded to any disclosure or information which is patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public anywhere in the world before the effective filing date of your patent application. Thus, researchers could not get a patent in the United States if any prior art already exists in the public domain anywhere in the world before the filing date of the patent application. The redefined prior art has no geographical restriction that under the prior law used to apply to public use and sale. Filing a patent application before the date of prior art, including public use or sale anywhere in the world, is most effective way to prevent any subsequent disclosures from having prior art effect with respect to the claimed invention. Second, U.S. patent law has changed from a first-to-invent to a first-to-file system. A critical date for a claimed invention now becomes the effective filing date of the patent application, rather than an invention date. Under the old law, if a patent applicant could establish an earlier invention date, the applicant could antedate the intervening prior art falling between the invention date and the filing date unless the prior art is made more than one year before the filing date. Now, an applicant cannot get a patent if the claimed invention became available to the public before the effective filing date of the patent application even if the applicant can prove that the applicant’s invention date is prior to the prior art. Thus, a filing of a patent application in the USPTO as early as possible becomes more critical to secure an earliest filing date. EXCEPTION TO PRIOR ART A disclosure made one year or less before the filing date of an application will not be prior art to the invention if the disclosure was made by the inventor or joint inventor or by another who obtained the subject matter disclosed from the inventor or a joint inventor. However, an inventor’s own disclosure will be prior art to the inventor if the disclosure was made more than one year from the filing date of the patent application. For instance, if the inventor makes the invention public at a conference and files the patent application more than one year from its disclosure date, then the disclosure will be prior art rendering the invention unpatentable. If you already sent your disclosure of your new invention to a science journal or Press Company, you should be borne in mind that your patent application should be filed within 12 month period. What would happen if a third party publishes the same subject matter of the inventor’s invention between the inventor’s disclosure date and the filing date? If the inventor’s previously disclosed invention is the same as what is later disclosed by the third party, the later disclosure by the third party will not be prior art to the inventor. In other words, an inventors’ prior disclosure can shield the inventor from the prior art effect of the third party’s subsequent disclosure within a one year grace period. In this case, the inventor’s prior disclosure does not need to be a verbatim copy of the third party’s disclosure. However, the inventor’s prior disclosure has a limited shield effect to the subsequent disclosures to disqualify it from prior art. Thus, even if the prior disclosure can protect the inventor from prior art effect of the third party’s subsequent disclosure, it is always recommended to file a patent application as early as possible. KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 42 Attorney Essay PROVISIONAL APPLICATION There are two types of utility patent applications for an invention: a provisional application and a non-provisional application. Filing a provisional application should be your consideration for two reasons. First, it is more efficient to secure an early filing date. Second, it is less expensive. A provisional application can be used as a placeholder in the USPTO for securing an early filing date. In the present first-to-file era, securing the earliest filing date becomes even more important than ever. If an applicant files an easier to prepare and less expensive provisional application, one year is given to file a more comprehensive non-provisional application claiming a priority date to the provisional application. The formalities of a provisional application are less restrictive and thus are easier to prepare and to file. It requires only a complete disclosure and drawings, but does not require the legally complicated claims. Furthermore, after you file a provisional application, you can always add improvements made after the provisional application when a non-provisional application is filed. Also, filing a provisional application is less expensive. Under the new patent law, universities or solo inventors may fall under a micro entity category. The micro entity allows up to a 75 percent discount on government patent fees. This makes a provisional application a more desirable option. However, it is noted that the provisional application still needs a sufficient written description and enablement such that a person having ordinary skill in the art can make and use the invention with the teachings of the application disclosure without undue experimentation. In the academic world where the number of published articles is often used to gauge the researchers’ academic performance, researchers often rush to publish. The university researchers are used to submitting their invention disclosure to the Technology Transfer Office of the university at the last minute just before the date of their publication. This could result in an insufficient and poorly drafted disclosure that would serve as a provisional application. In this case, when a non-provisional application is filed claiming a priority benefit to the date of the provisional application, claiming the benefit of the provisional application can be rejected by the USPTO due to the insufficiency of the disclosure. CONCLUSION For the reasons stated above, it is recommended for researchers to file a patent application as early as possible to secure the earliest filing date under new patent law in order to protect their ideas and inventions. Also, a provisional application should be considered to secure the earliest filing date. 43 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 KSEA YG Orgranizations Georgia YG Chapter Ha Young Choi, President henrydkcut@gmail.com 404-916-6738 North Dakota YG Chapter Yong Shin Park, President Yong.park@my.ndsu.edu 701-630-0509 Seattle Washington YG Chapter Chris (Chu) Choi, President jslee214@gmail.com 425-772-7071 South Texas YG Chapter Kaylee Inwu Shin,YG Director inwu.shin@gmail.com 832-628-7965 Harvey Mudd College YG Group Ki Wan Gkoo, President kgkoo@g.hmc.edu 678-206-3555 San Diego YG Group Heawon Kim, President ksea.yg.ucsd@gmail.com 858-775-6383 Texas A&M YG Group Kathy Lee, President kseatamuyg@gmail.com 425-736-1748 UCLA YG Group Seung Won Yoon, President bruinksea@gmail.com 949-439-4056 University of Michigan YG Group YeEun Sarah Rhee, President kseaboard2013@umich.edu 734-546-3659 CCNY YG Group HongGi Moon, President honggim3@gmail.com 917-328-9028 UVA YG Group Jung Youn Cho, President jc6na@virginia.edu 703-901-9202 Johns Hopkins University YG Group Johann Choo, President kseajhuyg@gmail.com 205-907-4594 University of Southern California Hyun Gi (Daniel) Min, President ksea@usc.edu 213-220-9771 Duke Universiy YG Group Samuel Roh, President kseaexecboard@duke.edu University of Central FL YG Group Narae Kang, President naraekang822@gmail.com 407-437-9026 Purdue University YG Group Kyung Hwan Kim, President ksea.yg.purdue@gmail.com 765-491-8972 Iowa YG Group Hanjun Kim, President hanjun-kim@uiowa.edu 319-654-4246 University of Maryland YG Group Yoon Sun Choi, President yschoi@umd.edu 240-750-9389 Tacoma YG Chapter Richard B. Lee, President eilr@uw.edu 253-486-3360 Wisconsin YG Chapter In Kyung Park, President ipark1987@hotmail.com 608-443-7264 Silicon Valley YG Chapter Elise Lee, President eliselee89@gmail.com 408-712-1916 KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 44 KSEA HQ News MOU SIGNED BETWEEN KSEA AND KOVA DURING UKC 2013 A memorandum of understanding towards strategic cooperative relations in the field of technology entrepreneurship was signed between Korean-American Scientists and Engineers Association (KSEA) and Korea Venture Business Association (KOVA). The MOU signing ceremony took place on Thursday, August 8 during UKC2013 in New Jersey. Dr.Myung Jong Lee, President of KSEA and Mr. Seung Hwa Chung,Vice President of KOVA signed the MOU document taking the first step on the path towards the mutual cooperation in the future. This MOU provides a strong foundation for close collaboration between KSEA and KOVA to facilitate: (i) helping Korean born global start-ups to set up a business and expand in US; (ii) helping entrepreneurshiporiented KSEA members to find services and programs available to launch and expand business in Korea. With this agreement, both parties will cooperate on a mutually beneficial and complementary basis in planning and implementing joint business. 45 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 KSEA HQ News MOU SIGNED BETWEEN KSEA AND KIPSI Myung Jong Lee, President of KSEA had a meeting and signed MOU with Jae Hong Kim, President of KIPSI (Korea Intellectual Property Stategy Institute). Jae Hong Kim, President of KIPSI, Kyoung Tae Song, Team manager and Jeongho Park, IT Research Team member visited President Lee at City University of New York on August 28 for a meeting and MOU. At the meeting, both parties agreed to collaborate in the near future. As tangible collaborations in the future, participation of R &D reviews on Intellectual Property areas and organizing an advisory board were discussed. This MOU will actively support and facilitate collaboration of research and development through exchange of latest technical trend and information of both parties. KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 46 APS News DR. YOUNGMO YOON Senior Analytical Chemist Sensient Flavors LLC THE KAFTA (KOREAN-AMERICAN FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION) ANNUAL MEETING IN JULY The Korean-American Food Technologists Association (KAFTA) was founded in 1976 by several food scientists. Currently, more than 180 members are participating the association for exchanging the latest technologies in chemistry, analysis, microbiology, regulation, processing, and marketing along with new product developments in areas of food science. The members of KAFTA are still growing in order to social networks among food scientists and food businessmen in USA. KAFTA members come from universities, food industries, government research institutes, and private food consulting companies. The association was joined KSEA-KAFTA-APS on January 2012 because food science areas continue developing during last several decades and it is necessary for making better relationships and communications in scientific-related areas in KSEA. During Institute of Food Technologists (IFT) Annual Meeting in Chicago, IL., the KAFTA annual meeting was held at Woori Village Korean BBQ restaurant in Niles, IL, on July 14th, 2013, and 160 attendees of KAFTA members and guests attended the meeting. The major purposes of the meeting were the following: i) to discuss current and feature KAFTA activities, ii) to celebrate Dr. Chong M. Lee (Emeritus Professor at University of Rhode Island) who was awarded the 2013 IFT Fellow, iii) to award outstanding research papers (total 6 awardees: a plaque and $300 for each person) from KAFTA, and iv) to present research paper awards (a plague and $1,000 for the best research paper; a plague and $500 for outstanding research paper) from Advanced Food Systems, Inc. in NJ, USA. Dr. Chong M. Lee is an internationally recognized researcher and one of the primary researchers responsible for the development of the domestic industry in USA. He has published numerous articles and books related to surimi technology. His book, Surimi Process Technology (1984), has been one of the most relied-upon references for individuals studying surimi technology for the past 30 years. The topics and speakers for presentation in the meeting were as follows: “Development of antimicrobial defatted Soybean meal-based edible films incorporating the lactoperoxidase system using thermal pressing” by Hanna Lee (Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul, Korea) “Quality improvement of gluten-free rice noodle restructured with rice protein isolate and transglutaminase” by Dr.Yang Kim (Department of Food Science & Technology and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea) Dr. Sungwoo Kim (the 41st KSEA Executive Director, Professor at Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University) was invited to the KAFTA annual meeting to present organizations, membership including benefits, and activities of KSEA such as Annual US-Korean Conference (UKC) to members during the meeting. The KAFTA annual meeting in 2013 was a great success with the members and guests. There were excellent presentations from the awarded speakers for understanding new processing technologies in food science. Hopefully all members of KAFTA developed better relationships and communications among food scientists and should be better understanding of one of future KAFTA’s plans to be a great association with KSEA through the annual meeting. 47 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Chapter News JAE HOON KIM, PhD. NWRC 2013 Conference General Chair Executive / Senior Technical Fellow Boeing Research & Technology THE 8TH KSEA NORTHWEST REGIONAL CONFERENCE (NWRC 2013) Seattle-WA Chapter (September 20–21, 2013) On September 20-21, 2013, the 8th KSEA Northwest Regional Conference (NWRC) was held at the Alder Hall of the University of Washington in Seattle. KSEA Northwest Regional Conference (NWRC) was founded in 2006 by Seattle-Washington Chapter (Formerly, Pacific Northwest Chapter), Spokane WA-based Northwest Chapter, Portland OR-based Oregon Chapter, and North CA-based Sacramento Valley Chapter, and quickly extended to 6 chapters including North CA based-Silicon Valley Chapter, Boise-based Idaho Chapter. This year newly established North CA-based Berkeley Chapter joins NWRC 2013. NWRC 2013 was organized by Dr. Jae Hoon Kim (Boeing Research & Technology) as a General Chair, Dr. Deok-Ho Kim (University of Washington) as a Program Chair and Dr. Junho Cha (Intel) as a Local Arrangements Chair with a strong support from seven (7) KSEA Chapters in the Northwest region (Idaho, North California, Oregon, and Washington). With strong Industry, Academia and Research Institutes in the area of bio-nano electronics, information-communication, and energy-transportation system in the Northwest region, NWRC has been focused on the Bio-Nano, Information-Communications, and Energy-Transportation (BN-IC-ET) technologies. Since the first conference (NWRC 2006) held in Seattle, the subsequent NWRCs have been very successful to provide a forum for US-Korea Cooperation and foster networking among Scientists and Engineers in the Northwest region in USA and from Korea. Under continued sponsorship and partnership from KSEA and KUSCO, NWRC 2013 was successfully organized with a program consisting of a general Gala meeting on Friday evening, and a Plenary Session with the keynote and invited Speaks followed by a double-track 8 Technical Sessions with 32 paper presentations and a Poster Session with 16 papers (by undergraduate and graduate students) on Saturday; this provided insight into current ‚ ‘state-of-the-art’, technology and its future trend on the key technologies in Bio-Nano, Information-Communication, and Energy-Transportation. The 8 Technical Sessions of NWRC 2013 were as follows; • Basic Biomedical Science • Convergence Technology • Energy, Green and Transportation • Information and Communications • Material and Nanotechnology • Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering • Translational Medicine • Young Generation Forum Overall, NWRC 2013 was well received by all participants (130 registered) from US and Korea. All the participants (researchers, professors, and students) had great time by exchanging their research topics, recent technical achievements, and technology trends, and by expanding their research network, which in turn would help KSEA members to find their career opportunities of research collaboration. In particular, Dr. Paull Shin (Washington State Senator) and Mr.Young Wan Song (Consul General of The Republic of Korea KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 48 Chapter News in Seattle) were invited as speakers at the opening ceremony and warm welcomed by all participants. Many high-quality invited paper presentations from Korea, including Seoul National University, POSTECH, GIST, Korea University, Sogang University, and Chonnam National University, made NWRC 2013 even more successful and meaningful. It should be noted that special sponsorship support from the Consulate General of the Republic of Korea in Seattle as well as KITECH, GIST, KOSEN, LG from Korea greatly helped the success of NWRC 2013. Selected comments and feedback from participants are as follows; “Congratulations, I was very impressed by the quality of conference such as outstanding speakers list, effective coordination of all participating chapters, excellent volunteerism of all members, especially Drs. Jae Hoon Kim, Deok-Ho Kim, Junho Cha, and YG members. I also would like to thank you for your warm hospitality to welcome me and to pay extra attention throughout the conference. I believe your next NWRC 2014 will be a great success...‚” (Dr. Jung Joo Hwang, KSEA Membership Director). “I am convinced that this Conference attended by 6 chapters was very meaningful and forward-looking in term of the Creative Economy initiated by the Korean Government. I hope the KSEA would continue playing a good bridging role between Korea and U.S. for the better cooperation in STEM areas” (Consul. Chan-Sik Yoon, Consulate General of the R.O.K. in Seattle). “I was amazed by scientific quality of the presentations. Although it was a regional meeting, it was great experience in terms of both learning exciting science and knowing good people. I was also impressed by organizers and KSEA people who put a lot of effort for this wonderful conference. I think more senior Ph.D. students can participate next time to stimulate younger generations. In addition, I learned that Seattle has such a great environment for socializing and research as well. I wish bigger success next time!” (Prof. DalHee Min, Seoul National University, Korea). “Originally I didn’t expect much about the KSEA NWRC 2013 event as I thought it is a local event. However, most of the talks were of very high quality and I learned very much by attending this conference. In particular, I was in the Basic Biomedical Science, Translational Medicine, and Convergence Technology sessions. I wish there were more time assigned for each speaker. Furthermore, meeting with many young generations who are in their early career was fun and rewarding to me. Many of them were also volunteering and their hospitality makes myself feel comfortable. I was greatly satisfied with the contents of the event, and also much impressed by the heartfelt talk of Sen. Paull Shin. Thank you all for making this wonderful event!” (Prof. Euiheon Chung, GIST Medical System Engineering, Korea). “NWRC 2013, a small regional, but intensive conference was a good chance for me to exchange our interests and be exposed to other researchers who are working in other institutes. I received many information about nano-bio and numerous inspirations for future direction of research. I hope many Korean researchers can join this compact and intensive meeting every year. Thank you‚” (Prof. Won Jong Kim, POSTECH, Korea). “It was a very successful event. Thank you for your hard work and warm hospitality. I enjoyed the conference and networking very much. In near future I will let you inform you of the announcement of NWRC 2014 to be held in Portland, Oregon next year. Many thanks again!‚” (Prof. Sung Yi, Portland State University, Oregon). “First of all, I’d like to express my deep appreciation to the meeting organization committee for invitation. I am really impressed by the quality of talks given from plenary session to many different area of science, which, I believe, is comparable to that of major scientific meeting. Personally, it was a great meeting for me in that I have an opportunity to meet with many excellent scientists in diverse background. Thank you again for your warm hospitality and hope to meet at the UKC 2014 meeting next year‚” (Prof. Min-Ho Kim, Kent State University Biological Sciences, Ohio). 49 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Student Essay MY NHSPC AND SUMMER RESEARCH EXPERIENCE “Science was the engine shaking the foundations of civilization, propelling it into a new century with unexpected marvels and miracles” (Physics of the Future). Every time I read this quote my heart throbs with excitement. Among many fields of science, physics appeals to me the most. When I took AP Physics B, most of my classmates were frustrated with its difficulty. Hence, I helped many friends understand the concepts and prepare for their exams. Through this experience, I wanted to create a community where I can share my passion for physics with friends. Thus, I founded the physics club at my school (Coppell High School, TX). HYUN KEUN AHN University of Texas at Arlington Coppell High School (Senior) I have been regularly participating in the KSEA math competition. This year, I participated in both math and physics competition (NHSPC). I got 2nd place in the nation for physics contest. After the competition was over, I talked with Dr. Jaehoon Yu (President of the AKPA) about my curiosity for physics. Because I wanted to further expand my knowledge and experience with physics, I asked Dr.Yu if I could participate in one of the research projects he was part of. He gladly accepted my request and allowed me to join in the LBNE (Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment) group at the University of Texas at Arlington. LBNE is a world-class project designed to scrutinize the neutrinos, which may provide explanations for evolution of the universe. Participating in his research group provided me with the essential experience and skills. LBNE study challenged me in diverse manners. Starting from getting authorized by Fermilab to writing hundreds lines of codes in programming language I have never learned before, I swam across the endless stream of problems. However, one by one and step by step, I attacked each obstacle: calling Fermilab service desk, asking professor for one-to-one lesson, and discussing with group members. Moreover, having only taken preap computer science, I learned C++ on my own. These challenges were definitely helpful in improving my problem-solving skills. I still remember the exciting moment when I generated my own simulation data, produced my own histograms, and performed my own analysis for the first time; I felt as if all my five senses became revitalized. My research experience was valuable because it gave me an insight into what self-motivated learning is like. Had I not participated in the National High School Physics Contest, I would not have met Dr.Yu and have had a research opportunity. Consequentially, I would not have been able to broaden my passion for physics. As a senior who is applying to colleges, my experience greatly helped me decide on physics as my major, I appreciate NHSPC and Dr.Yu for providing me with memorable opportunity. KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 50 KSEA Sponsors 51 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 SPONSORS KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 52 SPONSOR ADVERTISEMENTS www.kofst.or.kr KOFST will play a crucial role in leading the science and technology renaissance of Korea THE KOREAN FEDERATION OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SOCIETIES KOFST is firmly committed to enriching and supporting science and technology societies; encouraging scientists to engage with society; protecting the rights and interests of scientists; and increasing public understanding of scientific discoveries and theories to reap even greater benefits for Korea. 53 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 SPONSOR ADVERTISEMENTS KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 54 SPONSOR ADVERTISEMENTS 55 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 SPONSOR ADVERTISEMENTS KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 56 SPONSOR ADVERTISEMENTS www.khidi.or.kr www.htdream.kr A Global Health Technology Powerhouse Towards 2020 & Beyond Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI) KHIDI contributes to improvement of public health and development of Health Technology(HT) by supporting healthcare businesses and projects. As a key leader in Creative Economy, KHIDI will continuously keep its best efforts to make Korea a major HT player throughout the world. Korea Health Industry Development Institute, always with you! Health Industry "Think Tank" Serving health industry through policy development and statistical research & information services Health Industry Support & Development Increasing health industry competitiveness and enhancing intellectual property rights HT Innovation Contributing to the betterment of technical standards and commercialization of outputs through supporting health and medical R&D Go Global! Fostering health industry to secure competitiveness in the global healthcare market Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2(i)-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, 363-700 Korea Tel +82-43-713-8000~5 57 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 SPONSOR ADVERTISEMENTS KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 58 SPONSOR ADVERTISEMENTS 59 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 SPONSOR ADVERTISEMENTS KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 60 SPONSOR ADVERTISEMENTS Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology ‘Education and Research for the Future of Humanity’ Faculty Positions •KAIST is receiving applications for immediate and anticipated opening for faculty in the areas of natural sciences, life science and bioengineering, engineering, information science and technology, cultural science and business year round. http://www.kaist.edu/ Inquiries : Academic Affairs Team E-mail : juyeon_lee@kaist.ac.kr Tel : +82-42-350-2151 / Fax : +82-42-350-2350 61 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 SPONSOR ADVERTISEMENTS KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 62 SPONSOR ADVERTISEMENTS 63 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 SPONSOR ADVERTISEMENTS KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 64 SPONSOR ADVERTISEMENTS 65 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 SPONSOR ADVERTISEMENTS www.stepi.re.kr www.stipolicyreview.net STEPI GLOBAL THINK TANK FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY RESEARCH We are committed to providing innovative and creative research in S&T policy, thereby contributing to the well-being of the people as well as global prosperity through effective communication with society and people 156-714 Specialty Construction Center 20F/25F/26F/27F, Boramae-gil 44, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Korea TEL 82-2-3284-1800 FAX 82-2-849-8016 KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 66 SPONSOR ADVERTISEMENTS 67 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 SPONSOR ADVERTISEMENTS Toward the World Top 10 University by 2030 www.unist.ac.kr We are recruiting the Future Nobel Prize Winners KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 68 SPONSOR ADVERTISEMENTS 69 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 SPONSOR ADVERTISEMENTS KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 70 SPONSOR ADVERTISEMENTS 71 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Korean-American Scientists and Engineers Association 1952 Gallows Road, Suite 300, Vienna, VA 22182 Tel: 703-748-1221. Fax: 703-748-1331 Email: sejong@ksea.org. Web: http://www.ksea.org DIRECTORS COMMITTEE (42ND ADMINISTRATION) President: Myung Jong Lee, City University of New York (O) 212-650-7260, ksea42p@gmail.com President-Elect: Kook Joon Ahn , CA DOT (O) 916-227-9257, ksea42pe@gmail.com Vice President (VP1): Gye Won Han, The Scripps Research Institute (O) 858-784-7189, ksea42vp1@gmail.com Vice President (VP2): Youngsoo Kim, North Carolina State University (O) 919-571-9393, ksea42vp2@gmail.com Executive Director: Jaehoon Yu, University of Texas at Arlington (O) 817-272-2814, ksea42ed@gmail.com Finance Director: Youngrock Yoon, Tandent Vision Science, Inc. (O) 865-223-3879, ksea42fd@gmail.com General Director: Hyunggun Kim, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houson (O) 713-486-2342, ksea42gd@gmail.com Technical Group Director: Seong Gon Kong, Temple University (O) 215-350-4886, ksea42tgd@gmail.com Information Technology Director: Jungwoo Ryoo, Penn State Altoona. (O) 814-441-4900, ksea42itd@gmail.com Headquarter Operations Director: Steven An, Johns Hopkins University (O) 410-502-5085, ksea42hod@gmail.com Membership Director 1: Byeong-Uk Kim, GA Department of Natural Resources (O) 404-362-2526, ksea42md1@gmail.com Membership Director 2: Jung-Joo Hwang, Qualcomm Institute (O) 858-740-6896, ksea42md2@gmail.com YG Director 1: Michael J. Lee, University of Washington (O) 310-776-1338, ksea42ygd1@gmail.com YG Director 2: SJ Claire Hur, Rowland Institute at Harvard University (O) 213-215-1203, ksea42ygd2@gmail.com Industry Entrepreneurship Director: Bong-Kyun Ryu, Vu Tech Corporation (O) 858-805-5608, ksea42ied@gmail.com Publication Director 1: Jun Bum Shin, James Madison University (O) 540-568-3485, ksea42pd1@gmail.com Publication Director 2: Hanseup Kim, University of Utah (O) 801-587-9497, ksea42pd2@gmail.com Publication Director 3: Ken Choi, Illinois Institute of Technology (O) 978-495-1931, ksea42pd3@gmail.com Project Director 1: Seogjoo Jang, The City University of New York (O) 516-622-0086, ksea42pjd1@gmail.com Project Director 2: Jong Y. Park, University of South Florida (O) 813-745-1703, ksea42pjd2@gmail.com Project Director 3: Junho Cha, Intel (O) 206-550-6611, ksea42pjd3@gmail.com Project Director 4: Kyung A. Kang, University of Louisville (O) 502-852-2094, ksea42pjd4@gmail.com Project Director 5: Jiyoung Kim, University of Texas at Dallas (O) 972-883-6412, ksea42pjd5@gmail.com Headquarters Staff IT Staff: Jongsung You, 703-748-1221, it@ksea.org Finance Manager: Kelly Han, 703-748-1221,finance@ksea.org Admin Manager: Euna Yoon, 703-748-1221, hq@ksea.org Associate Project Manager: Hye Won Cho, 703-748-1221, database@ksea.org Auditors Sam Ryu, 832-377-7267, sam.s.ryu@gmail.com Kyung Dong Ryu, 845-323-4487, kdryu2000@gmail.com Kyungjae Myung, 301-451-8748, kmyung@mail.nih.gov Elected Councilors Group A: Physics Eun-Suk Seo, 301-405-4855, seo@umd.edu Group B: Chemistry Seogjoo Jang, 718-997-4110, seogjoo.jang@qc.cuny.edu Group C: Mathematics, Geology, Meteorology, Statistics, Others Yonil Park, 301-402-1438, yonil.park@gmail.com Group D: Biology, Botany, Zoology, Biomedical Engineering, Genetic Engineering Sanghee Yoo, 858-404-5356, sanghee_yoo@yahoo.com Chul Hee Kang, 509-335-1409, chkang@wsu.edu Group E: Agriculture, Ecology, Food, Nutrition Haejung An, 949-608-4408, haejung.an@FDA.HHS.gov Group F: Medical Science, Pharmaceutical Science, Veterinary Medicine, Physical Education Kyoung-Jin Yoon, 515-294-1083, kyoon@iastate.edu Group G: Chemical Engineering, Textile Engineering, Nuclear Engineering, Petroleum Engineering, Applied Chemistry Inchan Kwon, 434-243-1822, ik4t@virginia.edu Group H: Mechanical Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Naval Architecture Byoung-Do Kim, 540-220-5459, bdkim.ksea@gmail.com Bongtae Han, 301-405-5255, bthan@umd.edu Group I: Materials Science, Metallurgy, Mining Engineering Min Jun Kim, 215-581-4946, mkim@coe.drexel.edu Group J: Civil Engineering, Architecture, Environmental Engineering Hak-Chul Shin, 225-578-0277, shin@lsu.edu Youngsoo (Richard) Kim, 919-515-7758, kim@ncsu.edu Group K: Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Communication Engineering Bong-Kyun (Bo) Ryu, 858-805-5608, boryu@episyscience.com Tae (Tom) Oh, 585-752-6936, tomhoh@gmail.com Group L: Computer Science, Systems Engineering Jihie Kim, 310-377-3867, jihie.kim@gmail.com Sam-Joo Doh, 781-565-5229, samjoodoh@yahoo.com Group M: Industrial Engineering and Mgmt Science Young B. Choi, 757-352-4949, ybchoice@gmail.com Former President Councilors Hyungmin Michael Chung, Calif. State Univ., Long Beach, 562-985-7691, hm.chung@csulb.edu Yong Nak Lee, HTRD Ltd,, 847-577-5967, ynlee@@htrdltd.com Chan-Mo Park, PUST, 82-10-3521-8909, parkcm@postech.ac.kr Chapter Presidents Chair Vice Chair Central Penn (1) Georgia (3) Indiana (4) Michigan (6) Chicagoland (7) Minnesota (8) New England (9) New Jersey (10) NY Metro (11) N. Carolina (12) Ohio (14) Seattle WA (15) Philadelphia (16) St. Louis (17) Southern CA (18) South Texas (19) Wash. Metro (21) Alabama (23) Austin TX (24) Silicon Valley (30) Baltimore (31) Tennessee (32) N. Texas (40) Jae Ryu, 208-473-5120, chunrima@gmail.com Kevin Kim, 608-698-3519, kseawi@gmail.com Jungwoo Ryoo, 814-949-5243, jryoo@psu.edu Sang Hyuck Park, 678-571-6172, spark1@ggc.edu Sanghyung Ahn, 765-337-6436, president@ksea-in.org Hyeon Joo 734-353-9920, thejoo@umich.edu Ken Choi, 312-567-3461, kchoi@ece.iit.edu Yunje Oh, 952-835-6366, ohyunje@hotmail.com Jae Hyung Yi, 978-557-1853, yijh00@empal.com Yun Choe, 212-661-8000, YChoe@lmiplaw.com Grace Park, 201-847-4658, graceepark@gmail.com Sung Woo Kim, 919-513-1494, swk.ncsu@gmail.com Jung-Kyu Park, 614-592-8808, park.495@osu.edu Sooyeun Kim, 206-685-7920, sooyeunk@u.washington.edu Moses Noh, 215-895-2273, mosesnoh@coe.drexel.edu Sanghyun Kim, 314-456-6754, kim.sanghyun@go.wustl.edu Jeho Park, 714-326-7277, dr.jeho.park@gmail.com Byung-Kwon Choi, 281-617-6265, byungkwon.choi@gmail.com Kyung Sang Lee, 301-496-9635, kyunglee@mail.nih.gov Dong Joo Daniel Kim, 334-844-4864, dkim@eng.auburn.edu Sung-Taeg Kang, 512-965-2038 stkang0507@gmail.com Jun Young Huh, 408-497-3648, heymosoo@yahoo.com Sung-Ung Kang, 443-540-7829, sungung.kang@gmail.com Ho Nyung Lee, 865-574-9782, hnlee@ornl.gov Tae Choi, 781-223-3065, Tae-Youl.Choi@unt.edu KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 /// 72 Central VA (41) Central IL (42) Wisconsin (44) Southern VA (49) Iowa City (52) Utah (56) Sacramento (58) San Diego (60) Oregon (62) North Dakota (65) Orlando (67) Tampa Bay (68) Boise Idaho (69) Berkeley (70) Gainesville (71) Kentucky (903) KSEA Korea (905) Young S. Hahn, 434-924-1155, ysh5e@cms.mail.virginia.edu Seung-Yul Yun, 217-255-8540, Yes.Andrew@gmail.com Kevin Kyoungseok Kim, 608-698-3519, kseawi@gmail.com Byoung-Do Kim,217-979-1815, bdkim.ksea@gmail.com John S. Lee, 319-400-6688, John-s-lee@uiowa.edu Hee-Kyung Lee, 801-915-1542, hee.lee@utah.edu Sungho Lee, 916-822-4299, sunglee507@gmail.com Won-Kyu Ju, 858-610-8420, danielju@glaucoma.ucsd.edu Sung Yi, 971-300-1533, sungyi@cecs.pdx.edu Chiwon W. Lee, 701-239-4935, chiwon.lee@ndsu.edu Hae-Bum Yun, 407-823-0176, Hae-Bum.Yun@ucf.edu Yoonseok Kam, 813-838-3105, Yoonseok.Kam@moffitt.org Jae Ryu, 208-473-5120, chunrima@gmail.com Sangkee Min, 510-495-4713, smin@lbl.gov Yoonseok Lee, 352-333-8666, yoonslee@phys.ufl.edu Duk-Hyung Lee, 859-858-3511, duk.lee@asbury.edu Tammy Cho, 82-18-282-7995, btheb_02@naver.com Committee Chairs Contest Committee: Gye Won Han, 858-784-7189, ksea42vp1@gmail.com Election Committee: Hosin Lee, 301-335-6818, skytrust@gmail.com Fund Management Committee: Yonil Park, 301-402-1438, park@ncbi.nim.nih.gov History Committee: Yong Nak Lee, 847-577-5967, ynlee@htrdltd.com Honors and Awards Committee: K. Wayne Lee, 401-874-2695, kwaynel@gmail.com Long-range Planning Committee: Moon Won Suh, 919-515-6580, moon_suh@ncsu.edu Nomination Committee: Hyungmin Michael Chung, 562-665-0372, hm.chung@csulb.edu Rules Committee: Nak Ho Sung, 617-627-3447, nsung@tuffs.edu Scholarship Committee: Sung Woo Kim, 919-513-1494, swk.ncsu@gmail.com Young Generation Committee: Benjamin Lee, 734-678-1285, benclee@gmail.com Affiliated Professional Society (APS) Presidents Association of Korean Neuroscientists (AKN) Kwang-Soo Kim, 781-862-4195, kskim@mclean.harvard.edu Association of Korean Physicists in America (AKPA) Jaehoon Yu, 817-808-9605, jaehoonyu@uta.edu Baltimore Life Scientists Association (BLSA) Sung-Ung Kang, 443-540-7829, sungung.kang@gmail.com Korean American Construction, Engineering, & Project Management Association (KACEPMA) Young Hoon Kwak, 202-994-7115, kwak@gwu.edu Korean-American Food Technologists Association (KAFTA) Youngmo Yoon, 317-381-2608, youngmo.yoon@sensient.com Korean-American Intellectual Property Bar Association (KAIPBA) Sunhee (Sunny) Lee, 202-775-7588, sxlee@sughrue.com Korean-American Materials Society (KAMS) Jiyoung Kim, 972-883-6412, jiyoung.kim@utdallas.edu Korean-American Mathematical Scientists Association (KAMSA) Eunchun Cho, 703-203-1662, ecpcho@gmail.com Korean-American Society for Biomedical Informatics (KASBI) James S. Song, 301-435-5928, james.Song@nih.gov Korean American Society for Biotech & Phamaceuticals (KASBP) Jae-Hun Kim, 734-594-3244, jae-hun.kim@merck.com Korean-American Energy Exploration & Production Society (KEPS) Sam Jae Cho, 713-301-2020, chosj@blackmidas.com Korean Computer Scientists & Engineers Association in America (KOCSEA) Bong Jun Ko, 914-945-1741, bko@us.ibm.com Korean-American Offshore Engineers Association (KOEA) Gonghyun Jung, 713-557-0671, Gonghyun.Jung@shell.com 73 /// KSEA LETTERS vol. 42 / no. 1 Korean Life Scientists at UCSF (KOLIS) Won-Suk Chung, 415-297-6630, wschung@stanford.edu Korean Pathologists Association of North America (KOPANA) Eun Young Lee, 859-257-5469, eylee@uky.edu Korean Transportation Association in America (KOTAA) In-Kyu Lim, 804-658-7479, In-Kyu.Lim@vdot.virginia.gov Korean-American Society of Civil and Environmental Engineers(KSCEE) K. Wayne Lee, 401-369-1565, kwaynel@gmail.com Korean-American Women in Science and Engineering (KWiSE) Haejung An, 626-616-6524, haejung.an@gmail.com NIH-Korean Scientists Association (NIH-KSA) Sohyun Ahn, 301-402-2426, ahnsohyun@mail.nih.gov New York Korean Biologists (NYKB) Jae Hoon Jeong, 917-565-6634, jaehoon.jeong@einstein.yu.edu Research Triangle Park Bioscience and Biotechnology Meeting (RTP B&B) Hangsik Moon, 919-281-7340, hangsik.moon@syngenta.com San Diego Korean Biomedical Association (SDKoBA) Jung Joo Hwang, 858-534-5715, j4hwang@ucsd.edu The Society of Korean Statisticians in America (SKSA) Sin-Ho Jung, 919-668-8658, jung0005@mc.duke.edu Ex-Presidents Kiuck Lee, Marquette Univ., 312-787-7060, kiucklee@aol.com Young Bae Kim, USC, 213-740-2311 Sang Il Choi, POSTECH, 919-357-7018, sangil@postech.ac.kr Kwang Bang Woo, Yonsei Univ., 82-2-2123-3555, kbwoo@yonsei.ac.kr Yong Nak Lee, HTRD, 847-577-5967,ynlee@htrdltd.com Jae Young Park, NC State Univ., 919-848-6110, JAEYPARK30@aol.com Chan-Mo Park, POSTECH, 82-11-521-8909, parkcm@postech.ac.kr Dong Han Kim, POSTECH, 82-54-279-2101, dhkim@postech.edu Ki-Hyon Kim, NC Central Univ., 919-530-6451, khk@nccu.edu Kwang Kuk Koh, Chrysan Ind., 734-667-4081, kwang@chrysanindustries.com Chin Ok Lee, Rockefeller Univ., 212-327-8617, leech@rockefeller.edu Chai Chin Suh, 610-678-0534, chaisuh@gmail.com Moo Young Han, Duke Univ., 919-660-2575, myhan@phy.duke.edu Kun Sup Hyun, PPI, 973-596-3267, kshyun@polymers-ppi.org Hyo-Gun Kim, K-JIST, 703-663-8803, hkim@gist.ac.kr Moon Won Suh, NC State Univ., 919-515-6580, moon_suh@ncsu.edu Dewey Doo-Young Ryu, UC Davis, 530-752-8954, ddyryu@ucdavis.edu Saeyoung Ahn, Fuzbien Tech. Institute, 301-279-5453, saeyounga@yahoo.com Kyong Chul Chun, 301-598-3396, kcchun1@comcast.net Ki Dong Lee, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 217-244-0421, kdlee@uiuc.edu Hong Taik (Thomas) Hahn, 310-825-2383, hahn@seas.ucla.edu Howard Ho Chung, Argonne National Lab., 630-818-6715, chung.ksea@gmail.com Nak Ho Sung, Tufts University, 617-627-3447, nsung@tufts.edu Chan I. Chung, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 518-727-3655, chungc@rpi.edu Quiesup Kim, JPL/NASA, 818-354-8612, quiesup.kim@sbcglobal.net Sung Won Lee, Univ. of Maryland, 301-405-1128, swlee@umd.edu Sung K. Kang, IBM T.J. Watson Research Ctr., 914-945-3932, sungkang.ksea@gmail.com Kang-Won Wayne Lee, Univ. of Rhode Island, 401-874-2695, kwaynel@gmail.com Kang-Wook Lee, IBM T.J. Watson Research Ctr., 914-945-3070, kangwook.lee.ibm@ gmail.com Chueng-Ryong Ji, North Carolina State Univ., 919-515-3478, chueng.ji@gmail.com Jae Hoon Kim, The Boeing Company, 425-786-7723, jkim1@ieee.org Hosin Lee, University of Iowa, 319-335-6818, skytrust@gmail.com Hyungmin Michael Chung, Calif. State Univ., Long Beach, 562-985-7691, hm.chung@csulb.edu Ex-Presidents (Deceased) Shoon Kyung Kim Inyong Ham Chong Wha Pyun Hogil Kim Je Hyun Kim Kyungsik Kang Soon Kyu Kim Kwang-Hae (Kane) Kim About KSEA Korean-American Scientists and Engineers Association (KSEA) is a 42-year-old non-profit national-level professional organization. It is open for participation to all Korean-Americans who have college degrees in science and engineering fields and cherish the heritage of Korean culture. The KSEA’s objectives are: • To promote the application of science and technology for the general welfare of society; • To foster the cooperation of international science communities especially among the US and Korea; • To serve the majority of Korean-American Scientists and Engineers and help them to develop their full career potential. KSEA has 41 chapters, 13 technical groups, and 23 Affiliated Professional Societies covering all major branches of science and engineering. Since its birth in 1971, KSEA has been recognized as the main representative organization promoting the common interests of Korean-American scientists and engineers toward meeting the objectives mentioned above. KSEA welcomes participation from 1.5th-Generation, 2nd-Generation, and 3rd-Generation Korean-American scientists and engineers including the mixed-race and adoptee communities. KSEA promotes helping younger-generation Korean-Americans to be aware of the rapid advances in science and engineering occurring both inside and outside of the US. Especially, it is helping to create opportunities The Journal of Korean-American Scientists and Engineers Association KSEA LETTERS Vol. 42 No.1 October 2013 ISBN 978-0-9911337-0-3 KOREAN-AMERICAN SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS ASSOCIATION 1952 Gallows Road, Suite 300, Vienna, VA 22182 Tel. 703-748-1221. Fax. 703-748-1331 sejong@ksea.org http://www.ksea.org