INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... XLI
STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES ............................................................. XLI
REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY ........................................................ XLII
INTENDED AUDIENCE ............................................................................. XLIII
SCOPE OF REPORT ................................................................................... XLIII
INFORMATION SOURCES ........................................................................ XLIII
RELATED REPORTS .................................................................................. XLIII
ANALYST CREDENTIALS ......................................................................... XLIV
BCC ONLINE SERVICES ........................................................................... XLIV
DISCLAIMER .............................................................................................. XLIV
SUMMARY................................................................................................................ XLV
SUMMARY TABLE SALES AND FORECASTS OF VARIOUS TYPES OF
WELDING EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) ............................................................................................... XLVI
SUMMARY FIGURE SALES AND FORECASTS OF VARIOUS TYPES
OF WELDING EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .............................................................................................. XLVII
OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................... 1
DEFINITION OF THE INDUSTRY .................................................................. 1
CONCEPTS IN THE INDUSTRY ...................................................................... 1
IMPORTANCE OF THE INDUSTRY ................................................................ 1
LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT (LCA) .................................................................. 2
LIFE CYCLE COST ................................................................................. 3
TECHNOLOGY LIFE CYCLE (TLC)................................................................. 3
HISTORY, DESCRIPTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE
INDUSTRY .................................................................................................... 4
DESCRIPTION OF THE MAJOR PRODUCTS, TECHNOLOGIES,
AND APPLICATIONS ................................................................................... 5
TABLE 1 LIST OF VARIOUS WELDING PROCESSES ...................................... 6
FORESEEABLE FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS ................................................ 7
FORESEEABLE FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS (CONTINUED) ........... 8
WELDING INDUSTRY AND ITS FUTURE ..................................................... 9
GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS ................................................................... 10
MARKET BY PRODUCT/MATERIALS/TECHNOLOGY TYPE ............................... 11
TABLE 2 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR VARIOUS WELDING
PROCESSES, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) .............................................. 11
FIGURE 1 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR VARIOUS
WELDING PROCESSES, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ...................................... 12
GLOBAL MARKET FOR WELDING PROCESSES ....................................... 12
NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR WELDING PROCESSES.................... 13
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TABLE 3 NORTH AMERICA—SALES AND FORECAST FOR VARIOUS
WELDING PROCESSES, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................... 13
FIGURE 2 NORTH AMERICA—SALES AND FORECAST FOR
VARIOUS WELDING PROCESSES, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ................... 14
EUROPEAN MARKET FOR WELDING PROCESSES ................................. 14
TABLE 4 EUROPE—SALES AND FORECAST FOR VARIOUS
WELDING PROCESSES, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................... 15
FIGURE 3 EUROPE—SALES AND FORECAST FOR VARIOUS
WELDING PROCESSES, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ...................................... 15
ASIA PACIFIC MARKET FOR WELDING PROCESSES.............................. 16
TABLE 5 ASIA PACIFIC—SALES AND FORECAST FOR VARIOUS
WELDING PROCESSES, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................... 17
FIGURE 4 ASIA PACIFIC—SALES AND FORECAST FOR VARIOUS
WELDING PROCESSES, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ...................................... 17
REST OF WORLD MARKET FOR WELDING PROCESSES ........................ 18
TABLE 6 REST OF WORLD—SALES AND FORECAST FOR VARIOUS
WELDING PROCESSES, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS ............................ 18
FIGURE 5 REST OF WORLD—SALES AND FORECAST FOR VARIOUS
WELDING PROCESSES, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ...................................... 19
ARC WELDING TECHNOLOGY..................................................................... 20
REGIONAL MARKET FOR ARC WELDING PROCESS .................... 20
TABLE 7 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF ARC WELDING MARKET,
THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)....................................................................... 20
FIGURE 6 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF ARC WELDING MARKET,
2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................. 21
MARKET FOR VARIOUS TYPES OF ARC WELDING
PROCESSES ..................................................................................... 21
TABLE 8 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR VARIOUS ARC
WELDING PROCESSES, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................... 22
FIGURE 7 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR VARIOUS ARC
WELDING PROCESSES, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ...................................... 22
GAS METAL ARC WELDING (MIG WELDING) ................................ 23
TABLE 9 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR MIG WELDING, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 23
FIGURE 8 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR MIG WELDING, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) .............. 24
TABLE 10 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF SALES AND FORECAST
OF MIG WELDING EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES, THROUGH
2013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................................................................................... 24
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FIGURE 9 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF SALES AND FORECAST
OF MIG WELDING EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 25
GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING (TIG WELDING) ......................... 25
TABLE 11 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR TIG WELDING, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 26
FIGURE 10 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR TIG WELDING, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ............... 26
TABLE 12 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF SALES AND FORECAST
OF TIG WELDING EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES, THROUGH
2013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................................................................................... 27
FIGURE 11 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF SALES AND FORECAST
OF TIG WELDING EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 27
PLASMA ARC WELDING ..................................................................... 27
TABLE 13 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR PLASMA ARC WELDING, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 28
FIGURE 12 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLE FOR PLASMA ARC WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 28
TABLE 14 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF SALES AND FORECAST
OF PLASMA ARC WELDING EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES,
THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)....................................................................... 29
FIGURE 13 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF SALES AND FORECAST
OF PLASMA ARC WELDING EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES,
2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................. 29
SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW) ................................... 29
TABLE 15 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR SMAW, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) .................. 30
FIGURE 14 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR SMAW, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ............................. 30
TABLE 16 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR STICK
ELECTRODES FOR SMAW, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) ..................... 31
FIGURE 15 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR STICK
ELECTRODES FOR SMAW, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ................................. 31
REGIONAL MARKET FOR SMAW EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES ................................................................... 31
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TABLE 17 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF SALES AND FORECAST
OF SMAW EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 32
FIGURE 16 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF SALES AND FORECAST
OF SMAW EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 32
FLUX CORED ARC WELDING (FCAW).............................................. 32
TABLE 18 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR FCAW, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)................... 33
FIGURE 17 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR FCAW, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) .............................. 33
TABLE 19 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF SALES AND FORECAST
OF FCAW EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 34
FIGURE 18 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF SALES AND FORECAST
OF FCAW EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 34
ORBITAL ARC WELDING .................................................................... 34
TABLE 20 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR ORBITAL ARC WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 35
FIGURE 19 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR ORBITAL ARC WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 35
TABLE 21 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR ORBITAL ARC WELDING, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 36
FIGURE 20 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT
AND CONSUMABLES FOR ORBITAL ARC WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 36
SUBMERGED ARC WELDING ............................................................ 36
TABLE 22 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR SUBMERGED ARC WELDING, THROUGH
2013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................................................................................... 37
FIGURE 21 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR SUBMERGED ARC WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 37
TABLE 23 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR SUBMERGED ARC WELDING, THROUGH
2013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................................................................................... 38
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FIGURE 22 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT
AND CONSUMABLES FOR SUBMERGED ARC WELDING, 20062013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................................................................................... 38
CARBON ARC WELDING (CAW)......................................................... 38
TABLE 24 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR CARBON ARC WELDING, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 39
FIGURE 23 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR CARBON ARC WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 39
TABLE 25 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR CARBON ARC WELDING, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 40
FIGURE 24 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT
AND CONSUMABLES FOR CARBON ARC WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 40
STUD ARC WELDING .......................................................................... 40
TABLE 26 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR STUD ARC WELDING, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 41
FIGURE 25 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT
AND CONSUMABLES FOR STUD ARC WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 41
OTHER MISCELLANEOUS ARC WELDING PROCESSES .............. 42
TABLE 27 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR MISCELLANEOUS ARC WELDING
PROCESSES, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) .............................................. 42
FIGURE 26 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT
AND CONSUMABLES FOR MISCELLANEOUS ARC WELDING
PROCESSES, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ......................................................... 42
FUSION WELDING ......................................................................................... 43
TABLE 28 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR VARIOUS FUSION
WELDING PROCESSES, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................... 43
FIGURE 27 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR VARIOUS FUSION
WELDING PROCESSES, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ...................................... 44
TABLE 29 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR FUSION WELDING PROCESSES, THROUGH
2013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................................................................................... 44
FIGURE 28 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT
AND CONSUMABLES FOR FUSION WELDING PROCESSES, 20062013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................................................................................... 45
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LASER WELDING ................................................................................. 45
MARKET FOR VARIOUS TYPES OF LASER WELDING ....... 45
TABLE 30 GLOBAL MARKET FOR VARIOUS TYPES OF LASERS AND
CONSUMABLES, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) ....................................... 46
FIGURE 29 GLOBAL MARKET FOR VARIOUS TYPES OFLASERS
AND CONSUMABLES, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ......................................... 46
MARKET FOR EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES
FOR LASER WELDING ........................................................ 47
TABLE 31 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR LASER WELDING, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 47
FIGURE 30 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR LASER WELDING, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ......... 47
TABLE 32 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR LASER WELDING PROCESSES, THROUGH
2013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................................................................................... 48
FIGURE 31 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT
AND CONSUMABLES FOR LASER WELDING PROCESSES, 20062013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................................................................................... 48
OXY-FUEL GAS WELDING ................................................................. 48
TYPES OF OXY-FUEL GAS WELDING ................................... 49
TABLE 33 GLOBAL MARKET FOR VARIOUS TYPES OF EQUIPMENT
AND CONSUMABLES FOR OXY-FUEL WELDING, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 49
FIGURE 32 GLOBAL MARKET FOR VARIOUS TYPES OF
EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES FOR OXY-FUEL WELDING,
2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................. 49
MARKET FOR OXY-FUEL WELDING ..................................... 50
TABLE 34 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR OXY-FUEL WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 50
FIGURE 33 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR OXY-FUEL WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 50
TABLE 35 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR OXY-FUEL WELDING PROCESSES,
THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)....................................................................... 51
FIGURE 34 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT
AND CONSUMABLES FOR OXY-FUEL WELDING PROCESSES,
2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................. 51
ELECTRON BEAM WELDING ............................................................ 51
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TABLE 36 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR ELECTRON BEAM WELDING, THROUGH
2013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................................................................................... 52
FIGURE 35 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR ELECTRON BEAM WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 52
TABLE 37 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR ELECTRON BEAM WELDING PROCESSES,
THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)....................................................................... 53
FIGURE 36 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT
AND CONSUMABLES FOR ELECTRON BEAM WELDING
PROCESSES, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................................................ 53
ELECTRO SLAG WELDING ................................................................ 54
TABLE 38 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR ELECTRO SLAG WELDING, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 54
FIGURE 37 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR ELECTRO SLAG WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 54
TABLE 39 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR ELECTRO SLAG WELDING PROCESSES,
THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)....................................................................... 55
FIGURE 38 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT
AND CONSUMABLES FOR ELECTRO SLAG WELDING
PROCESSES, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ......................................................... 55
PLASTIC WELDING ............................................................................. 55
TABLE 40 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR PLASTIC WELDING PROCESSES,
THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)....................................................................... 56
THERMIT WELDING............................................................................ 56
TABLE 41 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR THERMIT WELDING PROCESSES,
THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)....................................................................... 56
INERTIA WELDING ............................................................................. 57
TABLE 42 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR INERTIA WELDING PROCESSES,
THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)....................................................................... 57
RESISTANCE WELDING ................................................................................ 58
TABLE 43 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECASTFOR VARIOUS
RESISTANCE WELDING PROCESSES, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 58
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FIGURE 39 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR VARIOUS
RESISTANCE WELDING PROCESSES, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS)............. 59
GLOBAL MARKET FOR RESISTANCE WELDING ........................... 59
TABLE 44 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR RESISTANCE WELDING, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 59
FIGURE 40 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR RESISTANCE WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 60
REGIONAL MARKET FOR RESISTANCE WELDING
EQUIPMENT .................................................................................... 60
TABLE 45 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR RESISTANCE WELDING PROCESSES,
THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)....................................................................... 60
FIGURE 41 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT
AND CONSUMABLES FOR RESISTANCE WELDING PROCESSES,
2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................. 61
SOLID STATE WELDING ............................................................................... 62
TABLE 46 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR VARIOUS SOLID
STATE WELDING PROCESSES, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) ............. 62
FIGURE 42 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECASTFOR VARIOUS SOLID
STATE WELDING PROCESSES, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ......................... 63
MARKET FOR SOLID STATE WELDING PROCESSES ................... 63
TABLE 47 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR SOLID STATE WELDING PROCESSES,
THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)....................................................................... 63
FIGURE 43 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT
AND CONSUMABLES FOR SOLID STATE WELDING PROCESSES,
2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................. 64
FRICTION WELDING ..................................................................................... 65
TABLE 48 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR VARIOUS
FRICTION WELDING PROCESSES, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) ....... 65
FIGURE 44 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR VARIOUS
FRICTION WELDING PROCESSES, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) .................. 65
TABLE 49 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES FOR FRICTION WELDING PROCESSES,
THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)....................................................................... 66
FIGURE 45 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT
AND CONSUMABLES FOR FRICTION WELDING PROCESSES,
2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................. 66
OTHER TYPES OF WELDING PROCESSES ................................................ 67
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TABLE 50 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR VARIOUS OTHER
TYPES OF WELDING PROCESSES, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) ....... 67
FIGURE 46 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR VARIOUS OTHER
TYPES OF WELDING PROCESSES, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ................... 68
TABLE 51 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLE FOR VARIOUS OTHER TYPES OF WELDING
PROCESSES, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) ............................................. 68
FIGURE 47 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF EQUIPMENT
AND CONSUMABLES FOR VARIOUS OTHER TYPES OF WELDING
PROCESSES, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ......................................................... 69
MARKET FOR WELDING CONSUMABLES ................................................. 69
MARKET FOR PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT ...................................... 70
TABLE 52 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) ............................................. 70
FIGURE 48 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ....................................................... 71
SHIELDING AND OTHER WELDING GASES ................................... 71
TABLE 53 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST OF VARIOUS WELDING
GASES, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................................................ 72
FIGURE 49 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST OF VARIOUS
WELDING GASES, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ............................................... 72
REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR VARIOUS
GASES .................................................................................... 73
TABLE 54 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR SHIELDING
GASES, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................................................ 73
FIGURE 50 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST FOR SHIELDING
GASES, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ................................................................... 73
GLOBAL MARKET FOR WELDING ROBOTS .............................................. 74
TABLE 55 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST OF WELDING ROBOTS
AND ALLIED EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) ..................... 74
FIGURE 51 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST OF WELDING ROBOTS
AND ALLIED EQUIPMENT, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ................................ 75
REGIONAL MARKET FOR WELDING ROBOTS ............................... 75
TABLE 56 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF WELDING
ROBOTS AND ALLIED EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 75
TABLE 56 (CONTINUED) ...................................................................................... 76
FIGURE 52 REGIONAL SALES AND FORECAST OF WELDING
ROBOTS AND ALLIED EQUIPMENT, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ............... 76
APPLICATIONS OF WELDING ................................................................................ 77
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ARC WELDING APPLICATIONS ................................................................... 77
TABLE 57 APPLICATIONS OF ARC WELDING, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 78
FIGURE 53 APPLICATIONS OF ARC WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 78
ARC WELDING IN AUTOMOBILE APPLICATIONS ................................... 78
TABLE 58 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF ARC WELDING IN
AUTOMOBILE APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS).............. 79
FIGURE 54 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OFARC WELDING IN
AUTOMOBILE APPLICATIONS, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ......................... 79
ARC WELDING IN HEAVY INDUSTRY AND AEROSPACE
APPLICATIONS .......................................................................................... 80
TABLE 59 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF ARC WELDING INHEAVY
INDUSTRY AND AEROSPACE APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 80
FIGURE 55 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF ARC WELDING IN
HEAVY INDUSTRY AND AEROSPACE APPLICATIONS, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 80
ARC WELDING IN LIGHT INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS ........................ 81
TABLE 60 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF ARC WELDING IN LIGHT
INDUSTRIAL MANUFACTURING APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 81
FIGURE 56 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF ARC WELDING IN LIGHT
INDUSTRIAL MANUFACTURING APPLICATIONS, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 81
ARC WELDING IN ELECTRONIC AND MEDICAL APPLICATIONS ........ 82
TABLE 61 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF ARC WELDING IN
ELECTRONIC AND MEDICAL APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 82
FIGURE 57 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF ARC WELDING IN
ELECTRONIC AND MEDICAL APPLICATIONS, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 82
ARC WELDING IN OTHER INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS ....................... 83
TABLE 62 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF ARC WELDING IN OTHER
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)................ 83
FIGURE 58 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF ARC WELDING IN
OTHER INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ............ 83
APPLICATIONS OF MIG WELDING ............................................................. 84
TABLE 63 APPLICATIONS OF MIG WELDING, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 84
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FIGURE 59 APPLICATIONS OF MIG WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 85
TABLE 64 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF MIG WELDING IN
AUTOMOBILE APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS).............. 85
FIGURE 60 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF MIG WELDING IN
AUTOMOBILE APPLICATIONS, 2016-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ......................... 86
TABLE 65 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF MIG WELDING IN LIGHT
INDUSTRIAL MANUFACTURING APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 86
FIGURE 61 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF MIG WELDING IN LIGHT
INDUSTRIAL MANUFACTURING APPLICATIONS, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 87
APPLICATIONS OF TIG WELDING/GAS TUNGSTEN ARC
WELDING (GTAW) ..................................................................................... 87
APPLICATIONS OF GTAW-NG ........................................................... 88
TABLE 66 APPLICATIONS OF TIG AND GTAW-NG WELDING,
THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)....................................................................... 89
FIGURE 62 APPLICATIONS OF TIG AND GTAW-NG WELDING, 20062013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................................................................................... 89
REGIONAL BREAKDOWN OF TIG WELDING IN AUTOMOBILE
APPLICATIONS .......................................................................................... 89
TABLE 67 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF TIG AND GTAW-NG
WELDING IN AUTOMOBILE APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 90
FIGURE 63 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF TIG AND GTAW-NG
WELDING IN AUTOMOBILE APPLICATIONS, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 90
APPLICATIONS OF PLASMA ARC WELDING ............................................ 91
TABLE 68 APPLICATIONS OF PLASMA ARC WELDING, THROUGH
2013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................................................................................... 91
FIGURE 64 APPLICATIONS OF PLASMA ARC WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 92
APPLICATIONS OF SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING .......................... 93
TABLE 69 APPLICATIONS OF SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING,
THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)....................................................................... 94
FIGURE 65 APPLICATIONS OF SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING,
2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................. 94
APPLICATIONS OF FLUXED CORE ARC WELDING ................................. 94
TABLE 70 APPLICATIONS OF FLUXED CORE ARC WELDING,
THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)....................................................................... 95
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FIGURE 66 APPLICATIONS OF FLUXED CORE ARC WELDING, 20062013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................................................................................... 95
APPLICATIONS OF ORBITAL WELDING .................................................... 96
TABLE 71 APPLICATIONS OF ORBITAL WELDING, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 96
FIGURE 67 APPLICATIONS OF ORBITAL WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 97
APPLICATIONS OF SUBMERGED ARC WELDING (SAW) ........................ 97
TABLE 72 APPLICATIONS OF SUBMERGED ARC WELDING,
THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)....................................................................... 98
FIGURE 68 APPLICATIONS OF SUBMERGED ARC WELDING, 20062013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................................................................................... 98
APPLICATIONS OF CARBON ARC WELDING ............................................ 98
TABLE 73 APPLICATIONS OF CARBON ARC WELDING, THROUGH
2013 ($ MILLIONS) ........................................................................................... 99
FIGURE 69 APPLICATIONS OF CARBON ARC WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................... 99
APPLICATIONS OF ARC STUD WELDING ................................................ 100
APPLICATIONS OF CAPACITIVE DISCHARGE (CD) STUD
WELDING.................................................................................................. 100
RESTAURANT EQUIPMENT............................................................. 100
SIGNS ................................................................................................... 100
ELECTRICAL AND METAL ENCLOSURES .................................... 100
ELECTRICAL CONTRACTING .......................................................... 101
CONVEYORS: ...................................................................................... 101
COOKWARE......................................................................................... 101
INSULATION ....................................................................................... 101
TABLE 74 APPLICATIONS OF ARC STUD WELDING, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................. 101
FIGURE 70 APPLICATIONS OF ARC STUD WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................. 102
APPLICATIONS OF MISCELLANEOUS ARC WELDING
PROCESSES .............................................................................................. 102
TABLE 75 APPLICATIONS OF MISCELLANEOUS ARC WELDING
PROCESSES, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) ............................................ 102
FIGURE 71 APPLICATIONS OF MISCELLANEOUS ARC WELDING
PROCESSES, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ...................................................... 103
APPLICATIONS OF FUSION WELDING .................................................... 103
TABLE 76 APPLICATIONS OF FUSION WELDING, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................. 103
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FIGURE 72 APPLICATIONS OF FUSION WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................. 104
APPLICATIONS OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LASER WELDING ................. 104
TABLE 77 APPLICATIONS OF LASER AND HYBRID LASER
WELDING, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) ............................................... 105
FIGURE 73 APPLICATIONS OF LASER AND HYBRID LASER
WELDING, 2006-2013 ($ MILLIONS) ............................................................ 105
AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY ....................................................................... 106
AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY ................................................................ 106
Miscellaneous Applications in Automobile Industries ............. 106
Laser Welding of Powder Metallurgy Parts .................. 106
Air Bag Initiators ............................................................ 107
APPLICATIONS OF LASER INDUCTION WELDING..................... 107
Laser Beam Welding with Filler Wire ...................................... 107
Laser Tailored Blank Welding .................................................. 107
MEDICAL DEVICES INDUSTRY ...................................................... 107
Radioactive Isotope Implant Welding ....................................... 108
TEXTILE INDUSTRY .......................................................................... 108
ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY ............................................................... 109
Battery Welding in Electronics ................................................. 109
Hybrid Auto Batteries ............................................................... 110
Disc Drive Flexure Welding ...................................................... 110
Relay Welding ............................................................................ 110
TV Gun Welding ........................................................................ 110
Microwave Package Welding..................................................... 111
Precision Welding of Telecom Devices ...................................... 111
Sensor Welding .......................................................................... 111
Cladding Repair ......................................................................... 111
APPLICATIONS OF HYBRID LASER WELDING ...................................... 112
SHIPBUILDING .................................................................................. 112
HONEYCOMB WELDING .................................................................. 112
WELDING TURBINE COMPONENTS .............................................. 112
LASER-WELDED STRUCTURAL BEAMS AND SHAPES .............. 112
LASER WELDED STEEL SANDWICH PANELS ............................. 112
ADDITIONAL APPLICATIONS OF HYBRID LASER
WELDING ....................................................................................... 113
APPLICATIONS OF ELECTRON BEAM WELDING (EBW) ...................... 114
USES AND APPLICATIONS .............................................................. 114
TABLE 78 APPLICATIONS OF ELECTRON BEAM WELDING,
THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)..................................................................... 114
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FIGURE 74 APPLICATIONS OF ELECTRON BEAM WELDING, 20062013 ($ MILLIONS) ......................................................................................... 115
APPLICATIONS OF OXY-FUEL WELDING ............................................... 115
TABLE 79 APPLICATIONS OF OXY-FUEL WELDING, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................. 115
FIGURE 75 APPLICATIONS OF OXY-FUEL WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................. 116
APPLICATIONS OF ELECTROSLAG WELDING ....................................... 116
TABLE 80 APPLICATIONS OF ELECTRO SLAG WELDING
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................. 117
APPLICATIONS OF PLASTIC AND HOT PLATE WELDING ................... 117
APPLICATIONS OF THERMIT WELDING ................................................. 118
APPLICATIONS OF INERTIA WELDING ................................................... 118
RESISTANCE WELDING APPLICATIONS ................................................. 118
RESISTANCE WELDING ANNEALING ........................................... 118
CROSS-WIRE WELDING.................................................................... 118
RESISTANCE WELDING OF LAMPS ............................................... 118
FUSING STRANDED WIRE ............................................................... 119
RESISTANCE WELDING OF CONTACTS........................................ 119
RESISTANCE WELDING OF ASSEMBLIES .................................... 119
RESISTANCE WELDING OF COLLECTORS IN SMALL
ARMATURES ................................................................................. 119
RESISTANCE WELDING OF LEAD-ACID BATTERIES ................. 119
RESISTANCE WELDING OF BATTERIES....................................... 120
RESISTANCE WELDING OF HIGH STRENGTH SHEET
METALS .......................................................................................... 120
WELDING OF ALUMINUM ............................................................... 120
RESISTANCE WELDING OF BALANCING WEIGHTS .................. 120
RESISTANCE WELDING OF WELD NUTS ..................................... 121
JOINING HARDENED METAL ......................................................... 121
WELDING UN-STRIPPED, INSULATED WIRE .............................. 121
FUSING TUBING OVER BRAID ....................................................... 122
RESISTANCE WELDING IN MEDICAL APPLICATIONS .............. 122
TABLE 81 APPLICATIONS OF RESISTANCE WELDING, THROUGH
2013 ($ MILLIONS) ......................................................................................... 122
FIGURE 76 APPLICATIONS OF RESISTANCE WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................. 123
APPLICATIONS OF SPOT WELDING ......................................................... 123
AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS ........................................................ 123
SHORT DURATION SPOT WELDS ................................................... 124
SPOT WELDING WITHOUT JOINING ............................................. 124
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GUIDE-WIRE IN MEDICAL DEVICES ............................................. 124
NEEDLE TIP CLOSURE IN MEDICAL BIOPSY NEEDLES........... 124
WIRE AND ROD END ROUNDING ................................................... 125
BALL END WELDING ........................................................................ 125
FORCEPS FOR BIOPSY ..................................................................... 125
WIRE BINDING ................................................................................... 125
LIGHT BULB FILAMENTS ................................................................ 126
MICROMESH WELDING IN PAPER INDUSTRY ............................ 126
THERMOCOUPLES ............................................................................ 126
APPLICATION OF INVERTER WELDING ................................................. 126
APPLICATIONS OF PROJECTION WELDING .......................................... 126
REPLACING RIVETING WITH PROJECTION WELDING............. 127
JOINING NAILS .................................................................................. 127
APPLICATIONS OF FLASH WELDING ...................................................... 127
APPLICATIONS OF UPSET WELDING ...................................................... 127
HOT UPSETTING................................................................................ 128
APPLICATIONS OF PERCUSSION WELDING .......................................... 128
JOINING DISSIMILAR METALS USING PERCUSSION
WELDING ....................................................................................... 128
APPLICATIONS OF RESISTANCE SEAM WELDING ............................... 128
BELLOWS ............................................................................................ 129
METAL SEALS .................................................................................... 129
PACEMAKER IN MEDICAL DEVICE INDUSTRY .......................... 129
PACEMAKER BATTERY .................................................................... 129
SOLENOID ........................................................................................... 129
RELAY CANISTERS ........................................................................... 130
FIRE-ROD / HEATING ELEMENT .................................................... 130
SWITCHES, SENSORS AND TRANSDUCERS................................. 130
SHEET METAL WELDING ................................................................ 130
CATALYTIC CONVERTERS .............................................................. 131
APPLICATIONS OF RESISTANCE IMPACT WELDING ........................... 131
APPLICATIONS OF HIGH REQUENCY WELDING .................................. 131
APPLICATIONS OF FRICTION WELDING ................................................ 132
AGRICULTURE AND TRUCKING INDUSTRIES ............................ 132
BIMETALLIC AND GENERAL USE.................................................. 132
AIRCRAFT AND AEROSPACE INDUSTRIES .................................. 132
AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY ................................................................ 133
OIL FIELD INDUSTRY ....................................................................... 133
TABLE 82 APPLICATIONS OF FRICTION WELDING, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................. 133
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FIGURE 77 APPLICATIONS OF FRICTION WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................. 134
APPLICATIONS OF FRICTION STIR WELDING....................................... 134
AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY ................................................................ 134
RAILWAY INDUSTRY ........................................................................ 135
LAND TRANSPORTATION ................................................................ 135
SHIPBUILDING AND MARINE INDUSTRIES ................................ 135
AEROSPACE INDUSTRY ................................................................... 136
OTHER INDUSTRY SECTORS .......................................................... 136
APPLICATIONS OF ROTARY FRICTION WELDING ................................ 137
APPLICATIONS OF RADIAL FRICTION WELDING ................................. 137
APPLICATIONS OF LINEAR FRICTION WELDING ................................. 137
APPLICATIONS OF FRICTION STUD WELDING ..................................... 138
APPLICATIONS OF SOLID STATE WELDING .......................................... 138
TABLE 83 APPLICATIONS OF SOLID STATE WELDING, THROUGH
2013 ($ MILLIONS) ......................................................................................... 138
FIGURE 78 APPLICATIONS OF SOLID STATE WELDING, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................. 139
APPLICATIONS OF ULTRASONIC WELDING .......................................... 139
ULTRASONICALLY WELDED WIRE CONNECTIONS .................. 139
CONNECTIONS BETWEEN WIRES AND TERMINALS ................ 140
CLOCK-SPRING-APPLICATION ....................................................... 140
WIRE HARNESSES ............................................................................. 140
MEDICAL EQUIPMENT INDUSTRY ................................................ 140
APPLIANCE INDUSTRY .................................................................... 140
AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY ................................................................ 140
OTHER APPLICATIONS .................................................................... 140
Communication Industry .......................................................... 141
Electronic Industry .................................................................... 141
Electrical Industry ..................................................................... 141
Packaging Industry ................................................................... 141
Steel Foundry Industry ............................................................. 141
Solar Heat Exchangers .............................................................. 141
APPLICATIONS OF COLD PRESSURE WELDING ................................... 142
APPLICATIONS OF DIFFUSION WELDING ............................................. 142
APPLICATIONS OF EXPLOSION WELDING ............................................. 143
APPLICATIONS OF FORGE WELDING ...................................................... 143
APPLICATIONS OF HOT PRESSURE WELDING ..................................... 144
APPLICATIONS OF ROLL WELDING......................................................... 144
APPLICATIONS OF MISCELLANEOUS WELDING PROCESSES........... 144
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TABLE 84 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST OF VARIOUS
MISCELLANEOUS WELDING PROCESSES, THROUGH 2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................. 145
FIGURE 79 GLOBAL SALES AND FORECAST OF VARIOUS
MISCELLANEOUS WELDING PROCESSES, 2006-2013
($ MILLIONS) .................................................................................................. 145
APPLICATIONS OF INDUCTION WELDING............................................. 146
APPLICATIONS OF THYRISTORIZED WELDING .................................... 146
APPLICATIONS OF MAGNETIC PULSE WELDING................................. 146
APPLICATIONS OF COLD METAL TRANSFER WELDING ..................... 147
APPLICATIONS OF ATOMIC HYDROGEN WELDING ............................. 147
APPLICATIONS OF MIAB WELDING ......................................................... 147
APPLICATIONS OF UNDERWATER WELDING ....................................... 147
TECHNOLOGY OF WELDING AND WELDING EQUIPMENT ........................... 148
ARC WELDING .............................................................................................. 148
CARBON ARC WELDING (CAW) ................................................................. 149
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 149
GAS METAL-ARC WELDING (GMAW)/METAL INERT GAS
WELDING (MIG) ....................................................................................... 149
ADVANTAGES ..................................................................................... 150
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 150
WORKING PRINCIPLE ...................................................................... 150
MIG WELDING ACCESSORIES ................................................................... 151
WELDING TORCHES AND GUNS .................................................... 151
GAS TUNGSTEN-ARC WELDING (GTAW)/TUNGSTEN INERT GAS
WELDING (TIG) ........................................................................................ 151
NARROW GAP GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING (GTAW-NG) ..... 152
Hot-wire Method ........................................................................ 152
Double-shield System ................................................................ 152
Oscillation Method..................................................................... 152
Basic Equipment........................................................................ 152
TIG WELDING ACCESSORIES ......................................................... 153
Electrodes for TIG Welding ....................................................... 153
Torches for TIG Welding ........................................................... 153
Filler Metal ................................................................................ 153
Other TIG Welding Accessories ................................................ 153
ADVANTAGE OF TIG WELDERS...................................................... 153
ORBITAL WELDING ..................................................................................... 154
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 154
POWER SUPPLY ................................................................................. 154
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WELD HEAD........................................................................................ 155
SHIELDED-METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW)/MANUAL METAL
ARC WELDING (MMA) ............................................................................ 155
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 155
SALIENT FEATURES ......................................................................... 155
ADVANTAGES OF SMAW .................................................................. 156
FLUXED-CORE ARC-WELDING (FCAW) ................................................... 156
TYPES OF FCAW ................................................................................ 156
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 156
FLUXED CORE ARC WELDING (FCAW) ACCESSORIES ........................ 156
PLASMA ARC WELDING (PAW) .................................................................. 157
ADVANTAGES OF PLASMA WELDING........................................... 157
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 158
STUD ARC WELDING ................................................................................... 158
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 158
SUBMERGED ARC WELDING (SAW) ......................................................... 158
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 159
SUBMERGED ARC WELDING ACCESSORIES ............................... 159
Weld Wire .................................................................................. 159
Welding Guns ............................................................................ 159
Hard-facing Electrodes .............................................................. 159
FUSION WELDING ....................................................................................... 160
ELECTRON BEAM WELDING (EBW) ......................................................... 160
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 161
HOT PLATE WELDING................................................................................. 161
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 161
PLASTIC WELDING ...................................................................................... 161
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 162
LASER BEAM WELDING.............................................................................. 162
ADVANTAGES ..................................................................................... 163
HYBRID LASER ARC WELDING (HLAW) .................................................. 163
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 164
GAS WELDING/OXY-FUEL WELDING ....................................................... 164
TYPES OF OXY-FUEL GAS WELDING ............................................ 164
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 165
OXY-FUEL WELDING ACCESSORIES............................................. 165
THERMIT WELDING .................................................................................... 165
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 165
INERTIA WELDING ...................................................................................... 165
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 166
ELECTRO-SLAG WELDING (ESW) ............................................................. 166
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BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 167
RESISTANCE WELDING .............................................................................. 167
SPOT WELDING ............................................................................................ 167
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 168
INVERTER WELDING .................................................................................. 168
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 168
PROJECTION WELDING.............................................................................. 168
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 168
SEAM WELDING ........................................................................................... 169
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 169
SALIENT FEATURES ......................................................................... 169
FLASH WELDING ......................................................................................... 169
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 170
UPSET WELDING ......................................................................................... 170
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 170
PERCUSSION WELDING ............................................................................. 170
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 170
HIGH FREQUENCY RESISTANCE WELDING .......................................... 170
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 171
SOLID STATE WELDING ............................................................................. 171
COLD WELDING ........................................................................................... 171
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 172
DIFFUSION WELDING ................................................................................. 172
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 172
EXPLOSION WELDING ................................................................................ 172
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 172
FORGE WELDING ......................................................................................... 172
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 173
HOT PRESSURE WELDING ......................................................................... 173
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 173
ROLL WELDING ............................................................................................ 173
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 173
ULTRASONIC WELDING ............................................................................. 174
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 174
FRICTION WELDING ................................................................................... 174
FRICTION STIR WELDING .......................................................................... 174
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 175
ROTARY FRICTION WELDING ................................................................... 175
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 175
RADIAL FRICTION WELDING .................................................................... 175
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 175
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LINEAR FRICTION WELDING .................................................................... 175
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 176
FRICTION STUD WELDING ........................................................................ 176
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 176
OTHER WELDING PROCESSES ................................................................. 176
INDUCTION WELDING ................................................................................ 177
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 177
MACHINE DESCRIPTION ................................................................. 177
THYRISTORIZED WELDING ....................................................................... 177
BASIC EQUIPMENT ........................................................................... 178
MAGNETIC PULSE WELDING .................................................................... 178
COLD METAL TRANSFER WELDING (CMT) ............................................ 178
MAGNETICALLY IMPELLED ARC BUTT WELDING/MIAB
WELDING.................................................................................................. 179
BENEFITS AND RISKS OF MIAB WELDING ................................. 179
Advantages of Using MIAB Welding ........................................ 179
Risks of Using MIAB Welding .................................................. 180
UNDERWATER WELDING........................................................................... 180
PROCESS OF UNDERWATER WELDING .................. 181
FUTURE AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT............................................... 181
WELDING CONSUMABLES.................................................................................... 182
ELECTRODES/WELD FILLER MATERIALS .............................................. 182
STICK ELECTRODES ................................................................................... 183
SMAW ................................................................................................... 183
ELECTRODES FOR TIG WELDING ............................................................ 183
FILLER METAL................................................................................... 184
MIG WELDING WIRES ................................................................................. 184
GMAW ............................................................................................................. 184
METAL-CORED, GAS-SHIELDED WIRES .................................................. 184
ELECTRODES FOR FCAW ........................................................................... 185
SHIELDING GASES FOR DIFFERENT WELDING PROCESSES ............ 185
TABLE 85 SHIELDING GASES FOR VARIOUS TYPES OFWELDING ........ 186
WIRE FEEDERS............................................................................................. 186
CABLES AND ACCESSORIES ...................................................................... 187
POWER SUPPLIES ........................................................................................ 187
TYPES OF POWER SUPPLIES .......................................................... 188
TABLE 86 POWER SUPPLIES FOR VARIOUS WELDING PROCESSES ..... 188
DUTY-CYCLE RATING....................................................................... 188
SAFETY EQUIPMENT .................................................................................. 189
FUME EXTRACTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS...................... 189
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WELDING ACCESSORIES............................................................................ 190
WELDING TORCHES ......................................................................... 190
Applications of Welding Torches ............................................... 190
WELDING REGULATORS ................................................................. 190
WELDING SAFETY DEVICES ........................................................... 191
Types of Welding Safety Device ................................................ 191
Application of Welding Safety Devices ..................................... 191
WELDING SENSORS .......................................................................... 191
Application of Welding Sensors ................................................ 192
WELDING POSITIONER/GRIPPER .................................................. 192
WELDING CLAMPS AND HOLDERS ............................................... 192
WELDING COOLERS ......................................................................... 192
WELDING GRINDERS AND CUTTERS ........................................... 193
WELDING HOSES .............................................................................. 193
WELDING STRIKERS ........................................................................ 193
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT ................................................... 193
WELDING PROTECTIVE CLOTHING .............................................. 194
Welding Gloves .......................................................................... 195
Welding Helmets and Masks .................................................... 195
Welding Goggles ........................................................................ 195
WELDING AUTOMATION....................................................................................... 196
WELDING APPLICATIONS SUITED FOR AUTOMATION ....................... 196
FLEXIBLE AND FIXED AUTOMATION ........................................... 197
WELDING ROBOTS ....................................................................................... 197
COMPONENTS OF A ROBOTIC WELDING CELL .................................... 198
WELDING ROBOT ARMS .................................................................. 198
WELDING POWER SOURCES........................................................... 199
WELDING TORCHES ......................................................................... 199
WIRE FEEDER .................................................................................... 199
WORK-PIECE FIXATION AND POSITIONING ............................... 200
BOOM-MAST ASSEMBLIES .............................................................. 200
WELDING CARRIAGES ..................................................................... 200
TORCH CLEANERS ............................................................................ 200
TCP-CALIBRATION UNIT ................................................................. 201
NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN WELDING ....................................................... 201
PLASMA WINDOW FOR ELECTRON BEAM AT
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE ........................................................ 201
NANO-FOIL JOINING ........................................................................ 202
PATENT ANALYSIS ................................................................................................. 203
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PATENT ANALYSIS ...................................................................................... 203
TABLE 87 PATENTS FOR COATINGS BY COUNTRY, 1987-2007 ................ 204
TABLE 88 PATENTS ISSUED FROM 1987 TO 2007 BASED ON
VARIOUS FACTORS....................................................................................... 204
TABLE 89 PATENTS ISSUED FROM 1985 TO 2007 BASED ON YEAR
OF ISSUE......................................................................................................... 205
TABLE 90 PATENT ANALYSIS BASED ON PATENTS ISSUED TO
DIFFERENT COMPANIES ............................................................................ 205
INDUSTRY STRUCTURE AND COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS ............................... 206
INDUSTRY STRUCTURE AND COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS ..................... 206
DRIVING FORCES IN WELDING INDUSTRY ........................................... 207
MARKETS AND CUSTOMERS .......................................................... 207
EDUCATION AND THE WORKFORCE’S IMAGE ........................... 207
BUSINESS PRACTICES AND ECONOMICS.................................... 207
DEVELOPMENTS IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY.................. 208
QUALITY, RELIABILITY, AND SERVICEABILITY ........................ 208
REGULATION, CERTIFICATION, AND STANDARDS ................... 209
INTEGRATION OF PRODUCTS AND PROCESSES ........................ 209
DEVELOPMENT OF MATERIALS .................................................... 209
SAFETY AND HEALTH ...................................................................... 210
NEW TECHNOLOGICAL STRATEGIES ........................................... 210
COMPETITION .............................................................................................. 210
ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS ........................................................... 211
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ............................................................. 211
ANALYSIS OF SUCCESSFUL COMPANIES .............................................. 212
LINCOLN ELECTRIC COMPANY ..................................................... 212
Acquisitions by Lincoln Electric................................................ 213
Research and Development ....................................................... 214
ESAB ............................................................................................................... 214
RECENT EXPANSIONS ..................................................................... 215
ILLINOIS TOOL WORKS (ITW) ................................................................... 215
TABLE 91 COMPANIES FORMING GROUP ITW ........................................... 215
TABLE 91 (CONTINUED) .................................................................................... 216
TABLE 91 (CONTINUED) .................................................................................... 217
THERMADYNE ................................................................................... 217
TABLE 92 LIST OF THERMODYNE GROUP COMPANIES........................... 217
TABLE 92 (CONTINUED) .................................................................................... 218
KOBE WELDING ........................................................................................... 219
TABLE 93 LIST OF KOBE GROUP COMPANIES............................................ 219
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MARKET SHARE OF TOP WELDING COMPANIES ............................................ 220
TABLE 94 SALES FIGURES OF COMPANIES INVOLVED IN
MANUFACTURE OF WELDING EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES ($ MILLIONS).................................................................... 220
APPENDIX................................................................................................................. 221
MAJOR COMPANIES INVOLVED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
WELDING EQUIPMENT AND CONSUMABLES .................................. 221
TABLE 95 LIST OF MAJOR COMPANIES INVOLVED IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF WELDING EQUIPMENT AND
CONSUMABLES ............................................................................................. 221
TABLE 95 (CONTINUED) .................................................................................... 222
TABLE 95 (CONTINUED) .................................................................................... 223
TABLE 95 (CONTINUED) .................................................................................... 224
TABLE 95 (CONTINUED) .................................................................................... 225
TABLE 95 (CONTINUED) .................................................................................... 226
TABLE 95 (CONTINUED) .................................................................................... 227
TABLE 95 (CONTINUED) .................................................................................... 228
LIST OF PATENTS USED IN PATENT ANALYSIS ................................... 228
TABLE 96 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
LINCOLN GLOBAL INC, U.S. ....................................................................... 229
TABLE 96 (CONTINUED) .................................................................................... 230
TABLE 96 (CONTINUED) .................................................................................... 231
TABLE 96 (CONTINUED) .................................................................................... 232
TABLE 97 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
ILLINOS TOOL WORKS, U.S. ...................................................................... 232
TABLE 97 (CONTINUED) .................................................................................... 233
TABLE 98 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY THE
ESAB GROUP INC., U.S. ................................................................................ 233
TABLE 98 (CONTINUED) .................................................................................... 234
TABLE 99 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
MIYACHI TECHNOS CPRPORATION, JAPAN ........................................... 235
TABLE 99 (CONTINUED) .................................................................................... 236
TABLE 100 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
NEWCOR INC., U.S. ....................................................................................... 236
TABLE 100 (CONTINUED).................................................................................. 237
TABLE 101 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY TRI
TOOL INC., U.S. .............................................................................................. 237
TABLE 102 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
EDISON WELDING INSTITUTE, U.S. ......................................................... 238
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TABLE 103 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
WILSON GREATBATCH LIMITED, U.S. ..................................................... 238
TABLE 103 (CONTINUED).................................................................................. 239
TABLE 104 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
SANSHA ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING COMPANY LTD, JAPAN ........ 239
TABLE 105 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY THE
BOEING COMPANY, U.S. .............................................................................. 240
TABLE 106 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
ENGINEERING AND RESEARCH ASSOCIATES, INC, U.S...................... 240
TABLE 106 (CONTINUED).................................................................................. 241
TABLE 107 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
DENCO INC., U.S............................................................................................ 241
TABLE 108 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
KABUSHIKI KAISHA YASKAWA DENKI, JAPAN ...................................... 242
TABLE 109 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
SAIPEM S.P.A., ITALY ................................................................................... 242
TABLE 110 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGIES
WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP ........................................................... 243
TABLE 111 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
CEFIN S.P.A, ITALY ....................................................................................... 243
TABLE 112 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO., JAPAN .............................. 244
TABLE 113 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
GENERAL ELECTRIC CORPORATION, USA ............................................. 244
TABLE 114 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY MK
PRODUCTS, INC, USA ................................................................................... 245
TABLE 115 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOSHIBA, JAPAN ..................................................... 245
TABLE 116 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
APPLIED MATERIALS INC., U.S. ................................................................ 245
TABLE 117 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
KVAERNER MASA-YARDS OY, FINLAND .................................................. 246
TABLE 118 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
OBARA CORPORATION, JAPAN .................................................................. 246
TABLE 119 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
AUTOMATED WELDING SYSTEMS INC., U.S. .......................................... 246
TABLE 120 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
NIPPON WELDING ROD CO. LTD, JAPAN ................................................ 247
TABLE 121 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY THE
WELDING INSTITUTE, U.K. ......................................................................... 247
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TABLE 122 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
SPLITFAST TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED, IRELAND ................................. 247
TABLE 123 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION, U.S.................................................. 248
TABLE 124 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY
BYQUALITY TUBING INC., U.S. .................................................................. 248
TABLE 125 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
LOCKHEED MARTIN CORPORATION, U.S................................................ 248
TABLE 126 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
WEGENER GMBH, GERMANY ..................................................................... 249
TABLE 127 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
TACHIKAWA SPRING CO. LTD., JAPAN..................................................... 249
TABLE 128 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
OTHER COMPANIES BASED IN THE U.S.................................................. 249
TABLE 128 (CONTINUED).................................................................................. 250
TABLE 128 (CONTINUED).................................................................................. 251
TABLE 128 (CONTINUED).................................................................................. 252
TABLE 128 (CONTINUED).................................................................................. 253
TABLE 129 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
OTHER COMPANIES BASED IN JAPAN .................................................... 253
TABLE 129 (CONTINUED).................................................................................. 254
TABLE 129 (CONTINUED).................................................................................. 255
TABLE 130 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
OTHER COMPANIES BASED IN EUROPE ................................................. 255
TABLE 130 (CONTINUED).................................................................................. 256
TABLE 130 (CONTINUED).................................................................................. 257
TABLE 131 LIST OF PATENTS ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY BY
INDIVIDUALS ................................................................................................. 257
TABLE 131 (CONTINUED).................................................................................. 258
HEED, BJORN ..................................................................................... 258
TABLE 132 LIST OF VARIOUS APPLICABLE STANDARDS FOR THE
WELDING INDUSTRY ................................................................................... 259
TABLE 132 (CONTINUED).................................................................................. 260
TRADE ASSOCIATIONS FOR WELDING INDUSTRY .............................. 261
AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY ..................................................... 261
ASSOCIATION EUROPEENNE DU SOUDAGE (EWA)................... 261
EUROPEAN FEDERATION FOR WELDING, JOINING AND
CUTTING ........................................................................................ 261
SYNDICAT DES ENTREPRISES DE TECHNOLOGIE DE
PRODUCTION (SYMOP) ............................................................... 261
THE ASSOCIATION OF WELDING DISTRIBUTORS (AWD)......... 261
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THE IRON AND STEEL INSTITUTE OF JAPAN ............................ 262
SINGAPORE WELDING SOCIETY ................................................... 262
KOREA WELDING INDUSTRY COOPERATIVE ............................. 262
THE CHINESE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SOCIETY ........... 262
INDIAN WELDING SOCIETY ............................................................ 262
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