Achieve Maximum
Efficiency and
Stable Operation
with Combustion
Dynamics
Monitoring.
Thermoacoustics
Measuring Combustion Dynamics in
High Temperature Environments
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www.kistler.com
Gas turbine combustors
Reliable Gas Turbine Monitoring
in Environments up to 700 °C.
Today's gas turbines must meet ever increasing demands.
Among them are high fuel efficiency, fuel flexibility and optimal
partial load behavior while complying to increasingly stringent
emissions standards. This leads to combustion processes that
need to be monitored and controlled within small margins.
Pressure pulsations in the combustors play a prominent role.
Excessive pulsations caused by instabilities could potentially
damage the equipment. To avoid unstable conditions and
maintain safe operation, the pulsations must be continuously
monitored using the industry's state-of-the-art measurement
solutions.
Kistler high-temperature pressure sensors are designed for use in
gas turbine combustors. Because of their outstanding high-temperature capability, they can be used without a 'long tube' and,
if desired, placed in very hot locations. This simplifies the system
and delivers more accurate pressure measurements. Ground
isolated differential designs, robustness against electromagnetic
interference, long lifetime and approvals for operation in hazardous areas are among the features of this measuring system.
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Pressure pulsation monitoring
Benefits of Kistler Pressure
Pulsation Monitoring
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Increased fuel efficiency
Reduced emissions
Enable flexible operation
Reduced operating costs
Enhanced engine lifetime
Prevention of downtime/outage
Operation in hazardous areas
Retrofitting existing engines
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One Portfolio –
Many Applications.
Kistler high-temperature pressure sensors can be applied to many applications other
than gas turbine combustion monitoring. Wherever pressure pulsations in extremely
hot environments needs to be measured, our sensors will do the job, be it for R&D
projects or for monitoring applications with the sensor permanently installed to protect
expensive capital equipment.
Application
Objective
Benefits
– Measuring dynamic pressures in turbo
– machinery (compressors, propellers,
– steam turbines, etc.) for R&D and
– continuous monitoring purposes
– Measurements at optimal locations
– Optimize performance
– Improve efficiency
– Reduce emissions
– Protect equipment
– Measuring dynamic pressures on
– aircraft-, helicopter- or rocket engines
– for R&D purposes
– Investigations on continuous pulse
– detonation engines
– Increased power and efficiency
– Help reduce emissions
– Improve performance and reliability
– Investigation of pressure pulsations in
– piping systems for hot media
– Identification of excitation mechanisms
– R&D and continuous monitoring
– purposes
– No cooling adapters needed
– Protect equipment
– Avoid fatigue stress and improve
– lifetime
– Determine two dimensional temperature
– profiles using acoustical methods
– Measure temperature distribution in
– power plant boilers, blast furnaces and
– other large industrial furnaces
– Efficient plant operation
– Meet emissions regulations
– High accuracy; no heat radiation error
– Temperature measurements exceeding
– 1 000 °C
Turbo Machinery
Turbine Engine R&D
Vibration in Piping Systems
Acoustic Thermometry
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3
Main Components.
High-temperature pressure sensors, differential charge amplifiers and high-temperature cables are the main elements to configure measuring chains for a large spectrum
of thermoacoustics applications. Our components are available in a great variety of
versions and have been designed to guarantee seamless interoperability. Ex-certified
components for applications requiring explosion protection (installation in hazardous
areas) complete the portfolio.
Component
Features
Benefits
– Several sensor envelopes
– Hardline cable length (1, 2, 5 m)
– Various terminations
– Ex-Certification (Ex-nA, Ex-ia)
– Continuous operating temperature
– –55 … 650 °C, short term up to 700 °C
– Integrated mineral insulated hardline cable
– Differential signal output, 2-wire system
– Internally case isolated
– Acceleration compensated
– High natural frequency
– Cable length (5, 10 and 20 m)
– Various cable terminations
– (LEMO, Fischer, 7/16"-27, open leads)
– Operating temperature
– –55 … 200 °C / 390 °F
– 2-core twisted pair
– Low noise design, individually shielded
– Steel overbraid
– Locking connectors
– Aluminum die-cast housing
– DIN Rail mounting
– Ex-certification (Ex-ia, Ex-nA)
– Wide sensitivity range
– 0,25 ... 20 000 mV/pC
– Various signal output options
– Voltage, single ended or differential
– Current, 3- or 2-wire loops
– Programmable low and high pass filters
High Temperature Pressure Sensors
Two-wire Softline Cables
Differential Charge Amplifiers
Typical Measuring Chain
p
Q
Sensor Type 6021A... ,
6023A... , 6025A...
4
Softline Cable
Type 1652A...
Differrential Charge
Amplifier Type 5181A...
Control Cable
3rd Party
DAQ System
3rd Party
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Features and Benefits.
The proprietary single crystal PiezoStar® sensing elements are the foundation of our
superior performance, ultra-high-temperature pressure sensors. They have been
thoroughly tested at well over 700 °C. Unlike ceramic-based sensor elements, they
are not pyroelectric and show no popcorn effect. The differential measuring system
guarantees accurate high-quality signals and is ideally suited for harsh environments.
Features
Benefits
Unique Crystal for Ultra-High Temperature Environments
– Proprietary PiezoStar® sensing element
Outstanding high-temp. performance:
– Operating temperature up to 700 °C
– Excellent long-term stability
– High sensitivity
– Not pyroelectric
– No popcorn effect
– Highly Accelerated Lifetime Testing
– (HALT) under defined conditions
– Beta testing over years under various
– conditions
– Reliability
– Repeatability
– Long lifetime
– Modular portfolio design
– High flexibility
– Flexible configuration of sensor and
– measuring chain
– Small number of components
Long-term Durability Testing
Modular Portfolio that Meets Your Needs
Diff. Ladungsverstärker, Typ 5183A
Sensor
Typ 6021A
Softline-Kabel
Typ 1652A
Sensor
Typ 6023A
Softline-Kabel
Typ 1652A
Übergangs-Box
Typ _ _ _ _
Softline-Kabel
Typ 1652A
Sensor
Typ 6025A
Diff. Ladungsverstärker, Typ 5183A
Diff. Ladungsverstärker,
Typ 5183A
Immune against Electromagnetic Interference
Sensor +
Sensor –
– Internally ground isolated two-wire
– design
– Truly differential measuring chain
– Robust against electromagnetic
– interferences
– Effective interruption of ground loops
– All components are optionally available
– in Ex-nA and Ex-ia
– Matched components
– Efficient implementation for applications
– in hazardous environments
GND
Explosion Protection
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Learn More.
Kistler measurement technologies cover a wide range of applications beyond
Thermoacoustics. Find out more about our offering for acoustic emission, predictive
maintenance and many others by visiting our website www.kistler.com.
T
F
A
R
D
Thermoacoustics
Technical Brochure
For more in-depth information on our
Thermoacoustics portfolio, please refer
to our technical brochure available at
www.kistler.com/thermoacoustics.
Discover examples of measuring system
configurations for typical application
scenarios, including installations in hazardous areas requiring explosion protection.
Here you can also find the latest product
data sheets and manuals.
Product Line for Combustion Dynamics on Gas Turbine
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www.kistler.com
In the field of Gas Turbine, Kistler
offers also acoustic emissions (AE) sensor
solutions (ATEX) for:
• diagnostics of combustion oscillation
• diagnostics of fatigue damage of
gas turbine engine blades
• general condition monitoring
For more information, please visit our
website
www.kistler.com/acoustic-emission.
On our website www.kistler.com, you can
find a wealth of information on Kistler's
solutions and technologies – not only for
Thermoacoustics, but also for many other
applications. Please visit our website to
find dedicated brochures on other specific
measuring technologies and systems.
PiezoStar® is a registered trademark of Kistler Holding AG.
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www.kistler.com
About us.
Sales Center
Tech Center
Production Center
The Swiss-based Kistler Group is one of the world's leading providers of dynamic technology
for measuring pressure, force, torque, and acceleration. Kistler technology is used to analyze physical
processes, control industrial processes, and optimize product quality.
Kistler offers a comprehensive range of sensors, electronics, and systems for engine development,
engine monitoring, plastics processing, metalworking, assembly engineering, and biomechanics.
Because of Kistler's 30 Sales and Production Centers, three Tech Centers, as well as more
than 30 agencies, the Group is present on every continent. This allows customers to benefit from
local contacts as well as application support tailored to their needs.
The Kistler Group employs more than 1,400 people worldwide.
www.kistler.com
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©2015, Kistler Group
960-200e-12.15
Kistler Group
Eulachstrasse 22
8408 Winterthur
Switzerland
Tel. +41 52 224 11 11
Kistler Group includes the Kistler Holding AG and
all its subsidiaries in Europe, Asia, Americas and Australia.
Find your local contact at
www.kistler.com