ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling
Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, in electric cabinets and in
areas of combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Rev. No. Date
1.0
02/12/2008
2.0
19/11/2009
3.0
17/09/2012
Responsible
ARGE
ARGE
ARGE
Comment
Adoption
Update
Update
This guideline is the result of a cooperation of the Technology Consortium (ARGE)
comprising the following companies:
Title: ARGE Guideline - Part 2
Revision: 3.0
Valid from: 17/09/2012
Page 1 of 47
ID No.: TÜV SÜD Rail_RS
Creator: ARGE
Creation Date: 21/08/2012
Phone: +49 (0)89 5791 - 1349
Fax: +49 (0)89 5791 - 2933
Juergen.heyn@tuv-sued.de
TÜV SÜD Rail GmbH
Ridlerstraße 57
80339 Munich
Germany
ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
List of Contents
1.
GENERAL
3
1.1
Preface
3
1.2
Area of Application
4
1.3
Reference to regulations
6
1.4
Scope
6
2.
SYSTEM SPECIFICATION AND DESIGN
7
3.
SPECIFICATION FOR THE ASSESSMENT PROCESS
8
3.1
Fire fighting in passenger and staff areas
9
3.1.1
3.1.2
3.1.3
3.1.4
3.1.5
Principle
Recommendation
Basic conditions for test
Fire location
Test criteria
9
9
9
12
13
3.2
Fire fighting in the equipment area
13
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.2.4
Principle
Recommendation
Test basic condition
Test criteria
13
14
14
17
4.
EDITING AND REVISION OF THE GUIDELINES
19
LIST OF APPENDIXES
20
APPENDIX 1 – ABBREVIATIONS / DEFINITIONS AND TERMS
21
APPENDIX 2 – REGULATIONS
24
APPENDIX 3 – INFORMATION ON REFERENCE FIRE LOAD "TRAVEL BAG“
30
APPENDIX 4 – ROOM CONDITIONS TO BE ENSURED
34
APPENDIX 5 – INFORMATION ON REFERENCE FIRE LOAD "ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
AREA"
35
APPENDIX 6 – FORM F -1 "TESTING DOCUMENTATION - FIRE EXTINGUISHING
TECHNOLOGY"
37
APPENDIX 7 – FORM F-2.1 "TEST DOCUMENTATION - COMMON AREA“
38
APPENDIX 8 – FORM F-2.2 "TEST DOCUMENTATION - EQUIPMENT AREA"
41
APPENDIX 9 – PREREQUISITE FOR ASSESSMENT
44
APPENDIX 10 – SPECIFICATION FOR THE POSITIONING OF FIRE FIGHTING
EQUIPMENT IN ENCLOSED SPACES/ CABINETS
46
APPENDIX 11 – PARTICIPANTS OF THE CONSORTIUM (ARGE)
47
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
1.
General
The guideline specifies the fire fighting or fire extinguishing system with regard to the
different vehicle types or installation areas, and in particular the guideline specifies the
functional inspection of fire fighting systems in areas accessible to passengers and fire
extinguishing systems for equipment areas, related to possible fire incidents in rail
vehicles.
The guideline focuses, amongst others, on the inspection of the effectiveness of fire
fighting and fire extinguishing systems and on the selection of the extinguishing agent.
This guideline sets minimum requirements for fire fighting and fire extinguishing
systems. The vehicle manufacturer can define advanced asset protection objectives, if
applicable based on specifications of the vehicle operator.
1.1
Preface
The Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSI), the current codes of practice and
the future European standard EN 45545-6 include requirements for the installation of
fire fighting and fire extinguishing systems. Requirements for assessment procedures
are partially included in EN 50553. The purpose of EN 50553 is to define requirements
for rolling stock in terms of running capability in case of fire. The ARGE guideline,
however, focuses on fulfilling the safety objective of "safety of persons". Thus, the
assessment procedures are more conservative compared to the standard requirements
of EN 50553 (requirements of running capability in case of fire on board of rolling
stock).
To achieve complete design and proofing security for the installation of fire fighting and
fire extinguishing systems in rolling stock, system specific requirements for design,
construction and proof are needed.
This guideline identifies the required criteria for design and for practical assessment.
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Objectives
With respect to the protection objectives defined on the basis of laws, regulations and
codes of practice, a fire event should be detected already during the formation phase
(e.g. smoldering fire) or as quickly as possible after ignition (e.g. liquid fire).
The focus is on the protection of passengers and staff in rolling stock. The objective is
to create health conditions acceptable for safe evacuation from the vehicles, which is
also intended by TSI and the expected EN 45545.
Objective of this guideline is a generally applicable and accepted definition of
repeatable assessment procedures. This has to be considered already for the design
phase of the system technology.
The procedures defined in this guideline should be applied already for tests on
prototypes, on existing vehicles or on 1:1 models before determining the system
technology. These tests are the basis for the final type testing or acceptance of fire
fighting and fire extinguishing systems.
Acceptance
The guideline is accepted by the regulatory authorities of Germany (Federal Railway
Authority - EBA), Austria (Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology BMVIT) and Switzerland (Federal Office of Transport - BAV). In addition, via the crossacceptance process for vehicle admission, the guideline is being applied Europe-wide.
The guideline is already accepted in many countries as acknowledged code of practice.
1.2
Area of Application
This guideline serves for the design and layout as well as for the proof of effectiveness
and appropriateness of fire fighting and fire extinguishing systems.
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Figure 1: General fire development (fire incident without and with fire fighting/ extinguishing)
The functional proof has to verify that:
-
The fire fighting system is able to create an "area of relative safety" for persons
in the passenger areas while the train has to run to a place of absolute safety
-
The fire extinguishing system is able to create an “area of absolute safety" in
equipment areas.
The design of a fire fighting or fire extinguishing system has to base on a fire risk
analysis related to the potential fire locations or fire areas.
In this guideline, the design fires (in the passenger compartment [see Appendix 3] and
in the electrical equipment area [see Appendix 5]) build the basis for the assessment.
Possible fire impacts (e.g. smoke release) and possible operational boundary
conditions (e.g. ventilation conditions) have to be taken into account.
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
The fire risk analysis serves as basis for system design and system layout and should
be supplied by the vehicle manufacturer, if possible. The risk of fire can also be
determined by the system manufacturer based on the information from the vehicle
manufacturer.
For assessing the effectiveness of the system technology, this guideline has to be
applied as follows:
- for gas extinguishing systems on the first vehicle of the vehicle series or type
and
- for other fire extinguishing systems by using a 1:1 model, with the possibility of
simplifications in case of similar space or equipment conditions via conformity
assessment.
The proof of effectiveness and/or the conformity assessment must be carried out by an
officially acknowledged expert in the field of railways in cooperation with the vehicle
manufacturer and the system manufacturer, so that a confirmed audit trail is presented
for the operational approval of the vehicle/train as well as for further certifications (e.g.
within the scope of the Technical Specification Interoperability – TSI).
1.3
Reference to regulations
In this guideline, the regulations are not referred to in detail. The laws (e.g. TSI) and
standards (Europe and other nations) listed in Appendix 2 have been considered for
the definition of the requirements. For this reason, there are no contradictions between
this guideline and existing regulations. Existing regulations are supplemented by this
guideline.
1.4
Scope
This guideline is valid for the application in railway vehicles and railbound vehicles,
which are supposed to be equipped with fire fighting and fire extinguishing systems.
This guideline can also be applied to comparable technical systems (e.g. buses).
The assessment methods have to be applied to the fire protection assessment of
passenger areas, staff areas and equipment areas.
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
2.
System specification and design
The design or implementation of systems must be carried out in accordance with
current codes of practice. This concern, for example:
-
the design and installation of system equipment (based, among other standards,
on
EN 15004 and CEN/TS 14972) with the focus on vehicles)
-
the components used in the system (among other standards, in accordance with
series of standards EN 12094)
-
assessment of rail suitability (according to EN 50155, among other standards).
In case of deviations from the mentioned standards, a proof of
"Equal safety" is necessary, requiring the authority's acceptance.
The basic requirements for the system technology have to be taken from Appendix 9.
Here, the focus lies on the assessment of rail suitability.
The documentation proving the requirement fulfillment must be comprehensively
available for type test and for acceptance test of the system technology.
Furthermore, for the realization of the system technology, it is mandatory to consider in
particular the maintainability and accessibility for maintenance or for visual inspection.
The duration of the fire fighting has to ensure acceptable conditions in passenger areas
with "relative safety". According to /R-4/.
The duration of the fire extinguishing in technical areas is determined by the required
time to achieve a verifiably extinguished fire. This is connected with a necessary
previous shutdown of the affected equipment. Otherwise the risk remains that, with the
stored volume of fire extinguishing agent, the fire can `t be extinguished, which could
has the result of further hazards.
The extinguishing process has to be irreversible and may not be interrupted or delayed.
The functional requirements for the overall system, fire detection or fire fighting is
resulting from
 the fire detection technology
(Reference to ARGE Guideline - Part 1)
 the control of the system up to the monitoring of its possibly required "safe" or at
least "reliable" operation
(Reference to ARGE Guideline - Part 3)
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
3.
Specification for the assessment process
The specifications focus solely on the assessment of the fire fighting or fire
extinguishing effect with regard to the operational boundary conditions in the potential
fire areas.
The protection areas are classified as follows:
-
Passenger and staff areas
The objective is an area of "relative safety" in which a person can stay under
acceptable risks during a period defined according to /R-4/.
The duration of the fire fighting is determined with regard to the vehicle's
operating concept. The necessary running time e.g. through tunnels determines
the vehicle's operating class according to the specifications in /R-3/, /R-5/ and
/R-19/ and the vehicle category according to /R-23/. Here, it has to be proved
that the presence of persons in the area affected by the fire is possible while the
vehicle is running. After finishing the fire fighting, the fire must not re-increase.
-
Technical / electrical areas
The objective is to ensure the necessary functions for the continued operation
and to ensure a sufficient limitation or exclusion of fire effects on the
surroundings; by means of fire extinguishing.
The duration of such a fire extinguishing is determined by the effect of the
extinguishing agent to the fire event. It should be noted that both, liquid fires of
Class B according to EN 2 and solid fires of Class A according to EN 2 have to
be extinguished. Additionally, leakages in the area of the fire event have to be
taken into account for assessing the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing. In EN
50553, only a liquid fire scenario according to EN 3-7:2004 fire class B is quoted.
In any case, shutdown and prevention of restarting equipment affected by the
fire is required before the fire fighting.
If a continued running of the vehicle is operationally targeted, it has to be taken
into account that with continued release of fire loads (e.g. diesel fuel) or with
permanent energy input (e.g. electrical ignition), the fire effects become more
critical. Also in this case, the fire extinguishing system shall be capable of
controlling and extinguishing the fire.
Generally, when assessing the functionality, the focus is on the protection of persons.
This concerns the prevention of a direct threat during the presence in and around the
vehicle, and during self-rescue from the vehicle. Also asset protection is considered, at
least as far as this is related to the personal protection.
Further requirements for asset protection are not a focus of this guideline.
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
3.1
Fire fighting in passenger and staff areas
3.1.1 Principle
The extinguishing agent to be used should not contain or release substances of
concern for health or develop such substances during fire fighting. The fire effects have
to be minimized to an acceptable level according to Appendix 4.
The EN 50553 mentions fire fighting systems in areas accessible for persons only in
the informative Appendix C. There, the EN refers to the proof for electrical equipment
areas and for combustion engines, described in Section 6.5.3.2.
3.1.2 Recommendation
For fire fighting in areas accessible for persons, water-based extinguishing agents are
suitable. Other “fire fighting agents” should as far as possible be omitted.
3.1.3 Basic conditions for test
For proof of effectiveness, here focused on the extinguishing agent water mist, a
realistic test fire shall be simulated in a 1:1 space model of the vehicle.
For the 1:1 space model, also the original materials installed in the vehicle can be used
(e.g. original seats and side panels). However, it is not allowed to use other fire loads or
other fire starter, which are not described in this document.
Test results from projects with similar geometry and space layout can be used based
on a conformity assessment. This acknowledgement of the results ("cross acceptance")
has to be confirmed by an officially recognized expert in the field of railways. A
conformity assessment is only possible when the fire test has been performed with
vehicle-neutral conservative materials (according to the description below). If a fire test
was performed with only the original materials from the vehicle, the fire test is only valid
for this vehicle.
The assessment for the verification of the effectiveness has to be realized according to
the following specifications:
 As reference fire load two IMO foam cushions arranged one above the other /R24/ have to be used as fire object to achieve comparable results. The result is a
flat burn-off of the IMO foam cushions. Its energy release is to be assessed as
conservative compared to the design fire "travel bag" [Appendix 3]. Due to the
comparable test results, the use of IMO foam cushions is recommended
particularly for setting or optimizing the system technology.
 If a confirmation test has to be fulfilled, the reference fire load has to be a
"travel bag" as burning object. Here, the requirements for the characteristics of
the bag material and the ingredients according to Appendix 3 have to be fulfilled
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
in alignment with /R-33/. More information is given in /R-26/.
The simulated fire event is started by inflaming an UIC paper cushion (UIC 564-29) as
activator (fire starter). The fire is started by inflaming the four corners of the UIC paper
cushion placed on the fire object.
From a conservative point of view, the fire model has to be equipped with non-flameresistant materials. The sidewall is to be emulated by plywood and the seat cushions
and seat backs by IMO foam cushions /R-24/.
For the plywood the following recommendations should be noticed:
 Plywood according to the EN 636-1 G respectively in accordance to the /R-24/
 Continuous bonding
 3 to 5 mm thick and a maximum of three layers
 Material concentration around 550 to 700 kg/m³
 The plywood should not be prepared with any material protection or protection
against inflammability
 Storage for at least 72 hours at a temperature of 20°C, +/-5°C and an air
humidity of ca. 50%, +/- 10%
The arrangement of the fire loads should be in accordance with Figure 2 with a focus
on the actual dimensions of the passenger space including the seat arrangement. The
position of the available activation (fire starter) has to be selected according to section
3.1.4 (in Figure 2 also shown as an example).
Before planning the assessment tests the test procedure, test room, and test materials
should be presented to the assessor.
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Figure 2: Example arrangement of the interior with positions of the fire objects (guide values)
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Determining the pre-burn time (from ignition of the UIC paper cushion until start of
the fire fighting system):
By means of the pre-burn time, the likely fire development until the detection by the fire
detection equipment is simulated (reference to ARGE Guideline Part 1 - time until
detection maximum 60 seconds). During this time, the construction materials in direct
vicinity of the fire object are thermally affected by the fire.
The definition of the safety margin incorporates the room situations (vehicle-specific
and equipment space-specific ventilation), the fire events under assumption of
flammable materials and the technical response time of the fire alarm and fire fighting
systems. This is common practice in the field of fire protection.
The pre-burn time is defined for the hereinafter mentioned conditions as follows:

The use of IMO foam cushions as fire object results in higher energy release
compared to the design fire "travel bag", due to the characteristics of the fire
development.
Considering the maximum allowed response time of the smoke detection
technology in the affected area, pre-burning time is determined to 60
seconds.

When using a "travel bag" [see Appendix 3] as fire object, the design fire is
replicated.
The pre-burn time is determined based on the maximum allowed detection
time of 60 seconds plus a safety margin (which is common in fire protection)
to 120 seconds.

For the tests, a proof of reliability and safety of the system technology is
presumed. This must be proved with the recognized tools of RAMS
considerations (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety) (see also
ARGE Guideline, Part 3).
3.1.4 Fire location
The fire load has to be positioned at a place which can be assessed as conservative
regarding the outlet nozzles of the extinguishing agent. Possible obstructions or
deflection surfaces related to the discharge of the extinguishing agent have to be
considered.
The fire load can be positioned e.g. on the floor between two seats at the side wall or
on the seat or between the seat backs on the floor at a farthest point from the outlet
nozzle.
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
3.1.5 Test criteria
It must be proven that the necessary conditions for staying in the train area are hold up.
Outside an area of maximum 2 meters around the fire location in the passenger area,
persons must be able to stay. The target values should not be exceeded. Air
temperature, oxygen concentration, carbon monoxide concentration and carbon dioxide
concentration in the air around this area [see Appendix 4] must be determined during
the entire test or the required presence period.
Due to the possibility of optimizing the quantity of extinguishing agent in the incident
area, an overlap region of at least 2 m has to result from a separation of the space into
fire fighting zones.
At the area, a uniform distribution of extinguishing agent or a uniform mist concentration
has to be proven or visually inspected.
A fire fighting duration of at least 10 minutes is prescribed. Deviations from this duration
are only allowed when the achievement of the safety objectives can be proven by other
means of fire protection engineering. The assessment has to be confirmed by an
officially acknowledged expert in the field of railway technology. An extension of the
period is required if this is deemed as necessary based on risk assessment.
During a period of 30 minutes from test start (equivalent to the rescue time for fire
brigade), the defined test criteria have to be met.
3.2
Fire fighting in the equipment area
3.2.1 Principle
A fire in a technical area must be completely extinguished if the vehicle cannot reach a
completely safe area for self-rescue of passengers. After fire extinguishing, a state
equivalent to a technical failure without further fire impact must be reached. This has to
be ensured when long tunnels are used in single traction or with only one drive system.
Before the activation of the fire extinguishing system, the technical equipment in the
affected area must be switched off. In areas with electric components, this concerns the
complete electrical shutdown. In areas with combustion engines, this means to shut off
the fuel supply and the engine. Without these measures, depending on the type of
extinguishing agent, there is a risk of further equipment faults. Examples for risks from
extinguishing agent are electric flash-overs by moisture, freezing-over or massive fire
effects due to an increased pool fire.
Influences from the operational environment, such as airstream entry or effects from
necessary technical equipment until the stop of the vehicle, shall be regarded as basic
conditions for the assessment.
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
In EN 50553, no basic conditions are defined. Instead, reference is made to EN 37:2004+A1:2007 operating class B. Also, no differentiations are made concerning the
applied fire extinguishing medium, or concerning the fire load related to the fire location.
As proof for the effectiveness of fire extinguishing systems in equipment areas (high
voltage and combustion engines), a fire event shall be simulated with 12 liters of liquid
(4 liters of water and 8 liters of n-heptane). The container should have a base area of
0.2 m² and a depth of 150 mm. The container's steel should be 2mm thick.
A proof by CFD simulation is excluded.
3.2.2 Recommendation
For fire extinguishing in equipment rooms, aqueous extinguishing agents (with or
without improving additives), extinguishing gases as well as fine powders or aerosols
are suitable; regarding the respective fire loads (liquids and solids).
For selecting extinguishing agents, also the requirements of asset protection should be
considered. In case of a release, the impacts from of the extinguishing medium should
remain limited so that corrective maintenance can be conducted with reasonable effort
and technical failures are kept to a minimum.
3.2.3 Test basic condition
Only those gaseous extinguishing agents are allowed which are listed in the EN 15004
or have similar permission of this application.
For gaseous extinguishing agents it must be proven by test that the defined
extinguishing concentration and minimum design concentration are kept during
the necessary retention time in the complete fire risk area (also with reference to /R7/). At equipment cabinets and containers with automatic release by the fire
characteristic 'temperature', within the test flooding an increase of the room
temperature up to 60 ° C is allowed.
As the suitability of the extinguishing agents has already been proven according to the
standards (by presenting data sheets and system-specific hydraulic calculations),
usually, no further fire tests are required.
For assessment in simulated electrical cabinets or containers, also a fire pan filled with
18 ml of heptane and 2 ml of toluene (in accordance with EN 54 Part 7) with a size of
15 cm x 15 cm can be used. Here, possible damage caused by the fire has to be
considered. This test rather is used for illustrative purposes, since the concentration
metering already provides a sufficient proof.
For water mist extinguishing systems and systems with other non-gaseous
extinguishing agents, a 1:1 proof under the following basic conditions has to be
performed:
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
A) For applications with combustion engines:
1.
Simulation of a spray fire by rupture of an injection line with a heat release
that corresponds to the amount of fuel leaving one line of the respective
engine. Here, at least a leak in one injection line of 0.0033 l/s has to be
simulated.
As pre-burn time, 15 seconds are specified in order to achieve a heating up
of the surfaces which are reached by the spray fire. An additional direct
preheating using manual flaming should be performed when liquid fire loads
can accumulate (e.g. puddles in depressions). It shall be proven that reignition at the overheated surfaces after extinction by the emerging fuel is
prevented.
When devices for leak prevention in injection lines are used on the engine
(such as double-walled injection lines), testing could be omitted.
2.
Simulation of a pool fire with an area of 1/3 of the drip pan, but at least 1
m2; centered below the engine (1,800 kW heat release for diesel fuel). To
achieve a stable thermal lift, the fire area and the surfaces have to be heated
up during a pre-burn time of 60 seconds.
3.
Simulation of a pool fire with an elongated area of at least 0.25 m 2 above
the engine and centered between the arranged nozzles (Heat release 347
kW for diesel; layout example 0.9 m x 0.3 m, i.e. 0.27 m² = ca. 380 kW). To
achieve a stable thermal lift, the fire room and the surfaces have to be
heated up during a pre-burn time of 30 seconds when the distance of
coverage is up to 500 mm and during a period of at least 60 seconds when
the distance is larger.
If there are re-ignition hazards at operationally heated surfaces, they have
to be simulated.
The situation should be talked trough with the assessor before starting the
tests.
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
B) For applications in electric areas (following /R-31/):
1.
Simulation of a developing fire, consisting of a fire pan filled with 50 ml of
heptane (base area 15 x 15 cm) which thermally loads and ignites the cable
harness 5 cm above (7 cables per level with a length of 25 cm) or the plastic
electrical components (e.g. 2 to 3 enclosures of electrical components).
According to Appendix 5 – Information on reference fire load "Electrical
equipment area" two levels should put up.
The selection of the cable is done according to CEN / TS 14972:2011 and
defined for rolling stock specific handling as follows:
Cable Type
2.

CU number
Number of cables
per level
NYY-O 2x1,5
12 mm
29
1
J-Y(St)Y 12x2x0,8
14 mm
123
2
NYY-J 4x10
20 mm
384
2
NYY-J 3x50/25
31 mm
1680
1
NYY-J 4x120
42 mm
4608
1
The pre-burn time ends when at least 50% of the cable or component area
burns.
The tests should be carried out in a fire zone which simulates at least the
usual cabinet size of (0.5 x 0.5 x 2.0) m3.
Simulation of a container fire based on a fire pan with a base area of 15 cm
x 15 cm; filled with 18 ml of heptane and 2 ml of toluene.
This test should be performed in the electrical cabinet or container. In case
of a room with an IP-proof or design-related small leakages, this test is not
necessary.
In an electrical equipment area (usually cabinets or containers), a definition of the
simulated fire location is irrelevant. The complete filling of the area by the extinguishing
agent is determined over the defined period of release, e.g. thermal lift conditions in the
affected fire area cause of "suction" of the water mist by the fire. Between the potential
fire location, identified in the fire risk assessment and the nozzle position no flat
separations should be installed.
In areas with combustion technology, the possible accumulation (e.g. fuel, oil) or the
outlet of coolant in connection with potential evaporation on hot surfaces has to be
considered for design and for positioning of extinguishing nozzles.
The assessment for extinguishing capability and the required exposure time for
extinguishing agent is principally based on 1:1 fire tests. Here, the real fire situation can
be simulated using a model with appropriate internals (obstructions).
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
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Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Test results from projects with similar geometry and space layout can be used based
on a conformity assessment. This acknowledgement of the results ("cross acceptance")
has to be confirmed by an officially recognized expert in the field of rolling stock. This
concerns e.g. also diesel locomotives' engine rooms at locomotives from one product
family which might e.g. have different lengths but similar space obstructions.
3.2.4 Test criteria
3.2.4.1 Gas extinguishing systems
Deviating from or in addition to the generally applicable standards for gas extinguishing
systems (based on /R-7/), for the application in rail vehicles and track-guided vehicles
the following is prescribed:
Dynamic tests are required if, by airstream influences, the air flow can change in the
fire area. In the fire area, at the activation time of the extinguishing system, any
dynamic ventilation is switched off.
 Time to extinguishing media outlet:
A period of 10 seconds from the activation until the outlet of the
extinguishing medium from the nozzles must not be exceeded for gaseous
agents.
 Minimum design concentration:
The minimum design concentration results from the extinguishing
concentration of the respective gas plus a safety value, and is prescribed by
the approval of the extinguishing gas (see /R-28/).
This concentration must be achieved by
 liquefied, gaseous extinguishing agents within 20 seconds
 not liquefied, gaseous extinguishing agents within 120 seconds
after activation of the system.
Since the concentration of the extinguishing agent in the room at the
beginning of extinguishing will not be homogeneous, the minimum design
concentration has to be measured where the fire risk analysis identified a
potential fire base (i.e. a component of high fire risk).
Retention time:
 The retention time begins with the first achieving of the minimum design
concentration. The retention time for liquefied gaseous extinguishing
agents is at least 30 seconds,
 for non-liquefied gaseous extinguishing agent 180 seconds.
Within the retention time, the minimum design concentration may not be
undercut.
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
3.2.4.2 Systems with non-gaseous extinguishing agents
It must be proven that after the end of the extinguishing process, no further burning
takes place and a delayed re-ignition is not possible.
A uniform distribution of the extinguishing agent in the complete area to be filled or in
the potential fire risk area has to be achieved.
 Time to extinguishing media outlet:
A period of 10 seconds from the activation until the outlet of the
extinguishing medium from the nozzles must not be exceeded.
 Application time:
Due to the different characteristics and effects of the agent, the effective
concentration of the extinguishing medium in the fire risk areas cannot be
determined by measurement.
For this reason,
 for water-based agents, the duration of the agent discharge is set to
the extinguishing time determined in the fire test plus 50 %; but at
least 120 seconds or
 for solid agents, the amount of solid extinguishing agent is set to the
determined amount for the respective space size plus 25%.
The simulated fire event must be extinguished before the end of the extinguishing
agent release.
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
4.
Editing and Revision of the Guidelines
Changes and updates to the guideline are made exclusively by the ARGE consortium
as a result of technical discussions and exchange of experiences. Latest information
and insights related to the application of the guidelines will be considered.
The leading supervision of the editorial work is made by TÜV Süd. The 4-eye principle
is guaranteed by TÜV Nord. Quality assurance is guaranteed via internal and
accredited processes.
An annual update of the guideline will be organized.
Editorial work: TÜV SÜD Rail GmbH
Ridlerstraße 57
D - 80339 Munich
TÜV NORD Systems GmbH & Co.KG
Große Bahnstraße 31
D - 22525 Hamburg
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
List of appendixes
Appendix 1 – Abbreviations / Definitions and terms...................................................... 21
Appendix 2 – Regulations ............................................................................................. 24
Appendix 3 – Information on reference fire load "travel bag“ ........................................ 30
Appendix 4 – Room conditions to be ensured .............................................................. 34
Appendix 5 – Information on reference fire load "Electrical equipment area" ............... 35
Appendix 6 – Form F -1 "Testing Documentation - fire extinguishing technology"........ 37
Appendix 7 – Form F-2.1 "Test documentation - common area“ .................................. 38
Appendix 8 – Form F-2.2 "test documentation - equipment area" ................................ 41
Appendix 9 – Prerequisite for assessment ................................................................... 44
Appendix 10 – Specification for the positioning of fire fighting equipment in enclosed
spaces/ cabinets .................................................................................. 46
Appendix 11 – Participants of the consortium (ARGE) ................................................. 47
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Appendix 1 – Abbreviations / Definitions and terms
A
Abbreviations
ARGE
FFS
FES
FAS
CPU
IMO
TSI
UIC
B
Consortium
Fire fighting system
Fire extinguishing system
Fire alarm system
Fire alarm central control
International Maritime Organization
Technical Specification for Interoperability (laws to
harmonize European rail transport)
UNION INTERNATIONALE DES CHEMINS DE FER –
International Union of Railways
Definitions and terms
Reference is made to the DIN ISO 13943 Fire safety - Vocabulary (October 2000).
Fire fighting
Fire protection system for the passenger area, staff
areas, WCs and driver cabs. Fire events are limited to
the formation location, the ambient temperature is kept
at an acceptable level for survival and the toxic gas
concentration is minimized. The BBA has to ensure
that persons can remain in the vehicle until a place of
relative safety is reached and a safe evacuation is
possible.
Fire extinguishing
Fire protection system for areas not accessible for
persons (e.g. electrical equipment areas, areas of
combustion engines).. The fire event must be
extinguished reliably to reduce the necessary
emergency
scenarios
e.g.
in
underground
transportation systems to those concerning technical
failures.
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
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Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Railway suitability
Proven suitability of a technical system for use in rolling
stock, in particular concerning the environmental
impacts of shock and vibration as well as different
climate conditions.
Areas of relative safety
Considered as proven in rolling stock when the residual
health risk for persons is acceptable and direct risks
are excluded. This is usually achieved by means of a
fire fighting. This means the fire event is suppressed or
its impact will be limited in such way, that a presence in
the immediate vicinity of the fire area is still possible.
Area of absolute safety
Considered as proven for rolling stock when the fire
incident's impacts do not constitute a hazard to
persons.
is a combustible fire load in immediate vicinity of an
available activation (fire starter) which can be actively
included into the fire process by a temporary energy
supply (highly flammable), or only by means of a
permanent energy supply (flame retardant).
Burning object
Fire Risk Analysis
By analyzing failure impacts (e.g. technical defects),
the risk of a fire development and the resulting fire
impacts are estimated. The evaluation is based on
qualitative criteria.
Cross acceptance
Mutual acceptance of different proof documents or
certificates with the same intention.
Installation space
Space or housing for technical equipment such as
electrical cabinet, equipment container, roof interior.
IMO foam cushions
Reference fire load defined compared to the travel bag
in the form of two polyether blocks (block size 0.4 m x
0.4 m x 0.1 m).
Extinguishing concentration
Actual necessary concentration of an extinguishing
agent in the atmosphere of a fire area to ensure a
successful extinguishing (see series of standards EN
15004).
Machine system, machinery
Technical or drive system installed in, under or on
rolling stock.
Minimum design concentration Extinguishing concentration which ensure a successful
extinguishing plus safety value.
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
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Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Reference fire load
An object fire load defined in its type, mass and
dimensions (in contrast to the usual, possibly variable
fire loads) which allows for uniform basic conditions for
analyzing purposes.
Travel Bag
Fire load defined for the vehicle interior, which
determines the design fire for assessing the fire
protection design.
Rail Vehicles
In terms of this guideline, this includes railway,
tramway, cable car and mine railway vehicles.
Track-guided vehicles
This includes all rail vehicles, magnet and suspension
railways as well as track guided buses or Passenger
transport systems (PTS).
Flow conditions
Operations-related airflow situation in a separate area
(e.g. static or dynamic ventilation) or an outdoor area.
Equipment area
Installation areas for electrical or system installations;
they are separated from passenger and staff areas and
by definition not accessible for passengers. These
rooms or containers include for example electrical or
electronic components or devices requiring monitoring,
such as batteries, fire load carrying systems or
engines.
UIC paper cushion
In the rail sector a common available activation (fire
starter) with a burning time between 2 and 3 minutes.
The mass is 100 g in the form of seven paper balls kept
together by means of a paper sheet are taken. The
grammage of the paper is approximately 50 g/m².
Available activation
(Fire starter) A fire load affected by an ignition source
which is required and arranged for ignition of further
objects.
Ignition source
The required energy source for inflaming ignitable
substances or for starting a combustion.
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
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Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Appendix 2 – Regulations
/R 1/:
Directive 96/48 /EC of European Council "interoperability of the transEuropean high-speed rail system", as amended by Guideline 2004/50/EC
and Guideline 2007/32/EC
Note:
Only general fire protection requirements.
/R 2/:
Directive 2001/16 /EC of European Parliament and the Council
"interoperability of the trans-European conventional rail system", as
amended by Directive 2004/50/EC and Directive 2007/32/EC
Note:
The requirements target only on the system safety to be ensured.
/R-3/:
Technical specification for the interoperability of the sub-system
"vehicles" TSI RST HS (2008/232/EC)
Note:
For vehicles of fire safety category B, in the absence of traction redundancy,
a fire extinguishing system is required.
Special requirements for the process of functional proofing are not included.
/R 4/:
Technical specification of interoperability relating to "safety in railway
tunnels" TSI SRT (2008/163/EC)
/R-5/:
CEN TS 45545-6-2009 Railway application –
Fire protection on railway vehicles Part 6 "fire control and management
systems"
resp. EN 45545 - 6 (expected in February 2013)
/R-6/:
UNI CEI 11170-2 Italian Standard - Guidelines for the fire protection of
railway, tram and track-guided vehicles (November 2005)
Note: Chapter 7.4.2.4 demands a fire extinguishing system in high-voltage
and medium-voltage equipment cabinets, in spaces with diesel engines and
generator sets. In any case, the necessity of an extinguishing system is the
subject of a "risk analysis" to be approved by the principal. In chapter
7.4.2.5, reference is made to the compliance with the requirements of UIC
642 and with any further requirements defined by the operators.
Special requirements for the process of functional proofing are not included.
/R-7/
FS specification No. 304692.02 (Requirement of the Italian rail operator) fire extinguishing system on board of rolling stock (October 1998)
Note:
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
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Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
The document sets the following requirements for fire fighting systems (here
with a focus on gas extinguishing systems):
 Design determination of operating temperature.
 Time for discharging the extinguishing agent container.
 Retention time of the extinguishing agent concentration.
These requirements are considered in this ARGE guideline . There is no
conflict with the FS specification.
/R-8/:
PN-93/K-02506 Polish Standard – Railway rolling stock, protection against
fire of electric tractive units (November 2002)
Note:
In Section 2.6, the use of fire fighting installations is required for confined
spaces with high voltage equipment.
Special requirements for the process of functional proofing are not included.
/R-9/:
GOST 12.1.004-91 Russian Standard - Fire Safety, General Requirements
(July 1992)
Note:
In Chapter 3, it is referred to the use of automatic fire extinguishing systems.
Special requirements for the process of functional proofing are not included
/R-10/:
BS 6853-A1 British Standard - Code of practice for fire precautions in the
design and construction of passenger carrying trains (January 1999,
including amendment of December 2002)
Note:
In section 8.1, fixed fire fighting systems are required. The used
extinguishing agent must not be dangerous to persons. The installation is
demanded for locations with a fire hazard potential (e.g. combustion
engines, sleeping cars, locomotives, vehicles without operating staff), see
section 8.2.
Special requirements for the process of functional proofing are not included.
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
/R-11/:
NF F 16-103 French standard - Rail vehicles, fire protection and fire fighting
(July 1989)
Note:
Section 6.2.2 prescribes extinguishing devices for engine areas which are
not located near a driver's cab. The engine compartment must not be
entered.
Special requirements for the process of functional proofing are not included.
/R-12/:
DIN 5510-6 German standard - Fire protection of railway vehicles,
Accompanying measures (October 1988),
Note:
The standard does not include requirements for stationary systems.
/R-13 /:
RENFE N.T.C.MA001 Spanish standard - PRESCRIPCIONES TÉCNICAS
DEL MATERIAL RODANTE CONVENCIONAL [Technical Specifications for
Conventional Rolling Stock] (March 2004)
Note:
Chapter 74.1 mentions general fire protection requirements, including a
reference to EN 45545. The standard contains no further requirements on
fire protection systems.
/R-14/:
RENFE N.T.C.MA009 Spanish standard - PRESCRIPCIONES TÉCNICAS
DEL MATERIAL RODANTE DE ALTA VELOCIDAD (Technical
Specifications for High Speed Rolling Stock), (January 2003)
Note:
In section 7.1.4 it is referred to prEN 45545. Other requirements are not
listed.
/R-15/:
NFPA 130 U.S. Guideline - Standard for Fixed Guideway Transit and
Passenger Rail Systems (2010)
Note:
The standard does not include requirements for stationary systems.
/R-16/:
UIC 642 (September 2001), Special provisions concerning fire precautions
and fire-fighting measures on motive power units and driving trailers in
international traffic
Note:
Section 3.3 recommends the use of stationary extinguishing systems in
enclosed engine compartments (e.g. filling the engine compartment with fire
preventing gas or foam).
For electric motive power units, in 6.6 through 6.10 general functional
requirements are mentioned. In 6.11, an extinguishing agent is demanded
which is environmentally friendly, uncritical towards the staff and harmless
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
related to electrical equipment.
Requirements for proofing the extinguishing effect are not included.
/R-17/:
UIC 564-2 (3rd Issue with 2nd amendment note July 1994), Regulations
concerning fire prevention and fire fighting measures in passenger-carrying
railway vehicles or assimilated vehicles used on international services
Note:
No requirements for stationary systems.
/R-18/:
UIC 660 (August 2002), Measures to ensure the technical compatibility of
high-speed trains
Note:
Until the adoption of EN 45545, agreements of railway companies may base
on national requirements. Reference is also made to UIC 642.
Because of the new European standard for "fire protection in railway vehicles" being in
a process of coordination, in Germany, the currently identified requirements are
included in a guideline of the Federal Railway Authority (EBA).
/R-19/:
EBA Guidance "Regulations for the fire safety assessment of rail vehicles in
Germany (August 2010)
Note:
Appendix 14 of the regulations includes requirements for fixed fire fighting
systems. The installation requirement results from the application area in
tunnels and the automatic systems have to be installed in technical rooms
(high-power switching cabinets, combustion engines, engine rooms in
locomotives without traction redundancy).
Special requirements for the process of functional proofing are not included.
In the guideline itself, a classification of vehicles is made depending on the
operation in tunnels of different lengths or with respect to the travel time in
those. The classification is made equivalently to CEN TS 45545-1 (published
by DIN CEN /CENELEC/TC 256 as of February 2008) Railway applications Fire protection of railway vehicles "General Rules" - future EN 45545-1.
Further codes of practice related to fire fighting and extinguishing systems and their
functionality are listed below. The standard-based requirements for gas extinguishing
systems are not listed here.
/R-20/:
Technical Report TB 04/01 vfdb - Guideline Engineering methods of fire
protection, as of May 2009
/R-21/:
VdS 2827 Design fires for fire simulations and fire protection concepts
(Germany, Austria, Switzerland May 2000)
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
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Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
/R-22/:
DIN EN 50126-2000 "Railway applications - Specification and demonstration
of Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety (RAMS)", (March 2000)
Note:
The standard-based requirements are related to reliable and safe system
functionality but not on the effectiveness of fire fighting or fire extinguishing.
As part of the European legislative process (harmonization of rail transport), further
TSIs will be adopted, which must be transposed into national law. This includes
additional requirements for vehicles of the conventional rail operation (e.g. regional
traffic vehicles) and locomotives.
/R-23/:
Technical specification for interoperability of the sub-system
"vehicles" TSI RST CR
Note:
The requirements will be largely similar to those of TSI RST HS and point to
the future series of standards EN 45545. Currently, reference is made to
national standards. In the regulations, a classification of vehicles into
category A or B is made, depending on the travel time in tunnel areas.
Concerning the definition of comparable fire loads with proven characteristics and of
the available activation (fire starter) for performing fire tests with water mist systems, it
is referred to the following standards.
/R-24/:
IMO A.800 (19) "Revised Guidelines for approval of sprinkler systems
equivalent to that referred to in SOLAS regulation II-2/12 " (November 1995)
Note:
In chapter 6.4 of the standard, the requirements and characteristics for the
fire object or reference fire load "IMO cushion" (polyether foam cushion) and
in chapter 5.1.5 the plywood for the sidewall is defined.
/R-25/:
CEN TS 45545 - 2 - 2009 Railway application –
Fire protection of railway vehicles Part 2 "Requirements for fire behavior of
materials and components“
or EN 45545 - 2 (expected in February 2013)
/R-26/:
Test logs - travel bag test center BCL / MPA (November 2003)
Note: Tests for proof of reference fire load IMO foam cushion.
/R-27/:
EN 15004-1 - Fixed firefighting systems - extinguishing systems with
gaseous extinguishing agents [Part 1: Planning, installation and
maintenance] (June 2008)
/R 28/:
EN 15004-2 - Fixed firefighting systems - extinguishing systems with
gaseous extinguishing agents [Part 2: Physical properties and system design
of gas extinguishing systems for extinguishing agent FK-5-1-12] (June 2008)
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Note:
Basis for the admission of non-liquefied gaseous extinguishing
agents for application.
/R-29 /:
EN 50155 - Railway applications - Electronic equipment used on rolling stock
(March 2008)
Note: Is commonly used for all suitability proofs of components for railway
rolling stock.
/R-30 /:
ISO 16003 - Components for gas extinguishing systems with gaseous
extinguishing agents - Requirements and test methods (September 2008),
Note:
Includes requirements on container valve assemblies and their
triggering devices, sector valves and their triggering devices, nozzles,
connections and check valves
/R-31/
CEN / TS 14972 - Fixed firefighting systems – Water mist systems - Design
and installation (September 2011)
Note: Essential requirements for fixed installations are transferred to mobile
equipment, also used for the definition of fire tests in electrical cabinets
/R 32 /
Carried Fire Loads in Mass Transport Systems - A study of occurrence,
allocation and fire behavior of bags and luggage in metro and commuter
trains in Stockholm, [Mia Kumm, Mälardalen University] Studies in
Sustainable Technology SiST 2010:04
/R-33/
DIN 33402-2 Ergonomics - Human body measurements
Part 2: Values (December 2005)
/R-34/
EN 50553-2012 "Railway applications - Requirements for running capability
in case of fire on board of rolling stock" (February 2012)
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
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Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Appendix 3 – Information on reference fire load "travel bag“
Design fire "travel bag":
Fixed bag size (commercial medium size fabric travel bag; dimensions: 0.40 x 0.30 x
0.30 m) including mixed bag contents with respect to the usual travel items. Size and
contents of the bag were aligned with the Swedish study "Carried Fire Load in Mass
Transport Systems", SIST 2010:04, R-32.
Reference fire load "IMO foam cushion":
This is a block of polyether foam (dimensions: 0.40 x 0.40 x 0.20 m). It has the
properties determined in IMO-A800 (including material composition, density, energy
release), R-24. Several of these plastic blocks represent according to the IMO a
laundry box. As a result of preliminary tests, the fire load was set using the determined
parameters of the fire behavior of the "travel bag".
Basic Information
In 2003, in connection with the "passenger area fire tests" project, preliminary tests to
determine the reference fire load were performed in the SBI (Single Burning Item) room
of the fire testing institute - Material Research Centre Leipzig (MFPA). These tests were
expertly accompanied by Mrs. Helbig (Expert office Katrin Helbig), Dr.-Ing. Heyn (TÜV
SÜD Rail) and Mr. Wilk (Fire Protection Consult Leipzig) and documented in the
"Report on the fire tests of travel bags and equivalent model arrangements",
24/11/2003. /R-26/.
For the burning object "travel bag", based on tests, the design fire was set as
follows:
 continuously increasing heat release up to at least 120 kW after 5 min
 minimum fire load of the bag of 136 MJ with a calorific value of at least 21
MJ/kg
 Available activation (ignition source) are 100 g newsprint (according to UIC
564-2) placed on top of the bag
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
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Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Travel bag
Q(Bag - V7)= 23 MJ
IMO blocks without cotton cover
Q(IMO without CC - V16)= 20 - 26 MJ
Document: ARGE-Guideline_Part-2_Fire_Fightg_Rollg_Stock_V-3.docx
IMO blocks with cotton cover
Q(IMO with CC - V6)= 33 - 36 MJ
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
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Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Exemplary compilation of the contents of a travel bag*
(used for proofing the determination of the design fire)
Compilation
mBag [g]
Bag
100% Nylon
565
Sweater vest
100% polyacrylate
301
2 sheets
100% Cotton
1001
toothbrush cup
100% polyethylene
24
Newspaper
100% paper
282
Gumboots
Cotton, polyvinyl chloride
901
1 Standard
Wood
310
Total mass
3384
*Alignment with R-32
Example of a packed travel bag
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ARGE Guideline - Part 2
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Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Travel bag and IMO cushion (test results) in comparison to design fire loads
(with the focus of a fire fighting activation, see red line)
90
Heat release in kW
Demand
concerning the objectDesign
"travelfire
bag":
"2-IMO cushions"
80
Design fire "Travel Bag"
The 70
travel bag for the assessment test (closed sports bag made of plastic) has to be
homogenously
packed with different fire loads so that the volume is filled.
60
The 50
items should be selected so that the minimum required fire load and the calorific
value are exceeded. For this purpose, a packing table with the corresponding details
40
concerning
the contents has to be shown, aligned with R-32.
30
20
The fire load “travel back” was chosen to refer to a realistic fire and in alignments with
10
the requirements
put down in the upcoming EN 45545-1, Appendix A “fire model” 5
0
(described
in the next paragraph).
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Time in min
Test 6 (IMO w cotton cover)
Test 7 (Bag)
Test 16 (IMO w/o cotton cover)
Ignition models within the scope of the Technical Specification
1) Flaming source is 3 min duration and average power output of 7 kW generating a
flux of 25 kW/m2 to 30 kW/m2
2) A radiant flux of nominal value 25 kWm-2 applied to an area of 0,1 m2
3) A radiant flux of nominal value 50 kWm-2 applied to an area of 0,1 m2
4) Flaming source of power 1 KW and 30 s duration
5) A flaming source generating a radiant flux of nominal value in the range 20 kWm-2
to 25 kWm-2 applied to an area of 0,7 m2 with an average heat of 75 kW for a
period of 2 min followed immediately by a flux of nominal value in the range
40 kWm-2 to 50 kWm-2 applied to the same 0,7 m2 area with an average heat of
150 kW for a period of 8 min.
EXAMPLE: The combustion of a 100 g UIC 564-2 – paper cushion (news papers) is of
equivalent effect to ignition.
Document: ARGE-Guideline_Part-2_Fire_Fightg_Rollg_Stock_V-3.docx
Page 33 of 47
ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Appendix 4 – Room conditions to be ensured
To ensure a space of relative safety, the values listed in the following table must be
met:
Table: Assessment and reference values for quantitative safety goals
Flue gas percentage
Limit
Exposure time
Exposure time
approx. 15 min
with safety value
approx.. 5 min with
safety value
Carbon monoxide
< 1400 ppm
200 ppm
500 ppm
Carbon dioxide
< 6.0 vol.-%
2 vol.-%
3 vol.-%
Oxygen
> 12 vol.-%
14 vol.-%
12 vol.-% %
< 65 °C
50 °C
50 °C
Flue gas temperature
These values were derived under consideration of the information from:
/R-20/ Guideline - Engineering methods for fire prevention, Division 4 of the vfdb (05/2009)
/R-21 / Guideline "design fires" VdS 2827 (05/2000), VdS Damage Prevention, Cologne
The measuring points under the above conditions are to be arranged at a horizontal
distance of 2 meters from the fire source, in the center of the escape route at a height of
approximately 1.6 meters (position of the respiratory system in accordance with DIN
33402-2
/R-33 / with respect to the situation of the European population).
Sketch "measuring points at a fire test"
Document: ARGE-Guideline_Part-2_Fire_Fightg_Rollg_Stock_V-3.docx
Page 34 of 47
ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Appendix 5 – Information on reference fire load "Electrical equipment
area"
a) Ignition source
The ignition source consists of a bowl; 15 cm x 15 cm x 1.5 cm; filled with 50 ml of nheptane without water seal. The ignition source is placed centrally under the cable
routes.
b) Cable
In the test, cables according to CEN / TS 14972:2008 shall be used.
The selection is made according to the table above in Section 3.2.3, paragraph B)1.
c) Positioning of the fire object
The cable fire object consists of two cable channel levels, each level with seven
equidistant cables. The fire room size should correspond with a standard cabinet
(0.5 x 0.5 x 2.0) m³.
d) Implementation
Pre-burning time after igniting of n-heptane has to be 200 sec or at least until ignition
of 50% of the cable material in the lower cable duct. Manual activation of the fire
extinguishing system has to be over a defined minimum period of 4 minutes.
e) Criteria for success
After operating time of the fire extinguishing system must be cleared and the fire
must not re-ignite.
Test parameters
Cable channel length
Cable channel width
Cable length
Number of cables per level
Cable distance (cable middle)
Proportion of the hole area in the total area of the cable
channel
Thickness cable channel
Cable channel spacing
Distance of lower channel from fire pan
Amount of n-heptane
Document: ARGE-Guideline_Part-2_Fire_Fightg_Rollg_Stock_V-3.docx
Dimension
250 mm
150 mm
250 mm
7
20 mm
20-30%
approx. 1 mm
20 mm
65 mm
50 ml
Page 35 of 47
ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Designation of the test basic conditions and the test layout
The cable trays are made of steel.
Document: ARGE-Guideline_Part-2_Fire_Fightg_Rollg_Stock_V-3.docx
Page 36 of 47
ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Appendix 6 – Form F -1 "Testing Documentation - fire extinguishing
technology"
Task No.:
Document No.:
Number of Appendixes:
(depending on number of
performed tests)
Parameters
Specifications
Vehicle type
Electric Locomotive
Vehicle built
BR x-x-x
Vehicle No.:
x-y-z
Fire protection level (BSS) and
Operating category
BSS X, Category
Fire fighting system (type)
Gas Extinguishing system
Extinguishing agent (type)
Type x
Manufacturer / type of plant
Company x / type y
Protection
objective
Protection of persons
(direct)

Protection of persons
(indirect) 
Asset
protection

Comments on the test, note, defects (if any)
"point-shaped fluid accumulation"
"System failure, cause determined + corrected, inclusion in Maintenance Manual“
yes partially
no
Requirement met



Further inspection required


Tested:
responsible:
Place:
Expert for vehicle or component
technology:
name:
Signature:
x-x-x
Date:
xx/yy/zzzz
Responsible system engineer
for fire alarm technology:
Expert for railway fire safety
technology:
Document: ARGE-Guideline_Part-2_Fire_Fightg_Rollg_Stock_V-3.docx
Page 37 of 47
ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Appendix 7 – Form F-2.1 "Test documentation - common area“
F-2.1 documentation - areas for persons
Principles:

The extinguishing agent to be used should not contain or release substances
of concern for health or develop such substances during fire fighting.

The fire effects should be kept to an acceptable minimum.
Task No.:
Document No.:
Test No.
Xyz
Point of time of test
xx:xx on dd/mm/yyyy
Test object:
Passenger compartment
Basic condition for test
Model


Vehicle/ component
Description of the test
System concept
Specification, functional flowchart
Test area
Sketch with geometric information, vehicle floor
plan, 3D image of converter
Position of simulated fire
source
View of fire risk positions (possibly Photos)
Arrangement of the measuring
points
Name of the measurement points for the gas
sampling to proof compliance with safety
objectives
Firefighting duration
XX min
- minimum 10 min, when deviation proof of compliance with
safety objectives
Document: ARGE-Guideline_Part-2_Fire_Fightg_Rollg_Stock_V-3.docx
Page 38 of 47
ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
1. Basic Check "2 IMO foam cushions",
Ignition with UIC paper cushion, pre-burn time: 60 s
Point of time of extinguishing agent
release
xx seconds after activation of the system
Room conditions (Appendix 2) kept in Yes
max. 2 m distance?

No

Overlapping area of 2 m?
Yes

No

uniform agent distribution or mist
concentration
Yes

No

2. Basic Check "2 IMO foam cushions",
Ignition with UIC paper cushion, pre-burn time: 60 s
Point of time of extinguishing agent
release
xx seconds after activation of the system
Room conditions (Appendix 2) kept in Yes
max. 2 m distance?

No

Overlapping area of 2 m?
Yes

No

uniform agent distribution or mist
concentration
Yes

No

3. Confirmation test "Travel bag",
Ignition with UIC paper cushion, pre-burn time: 120 s
Point of time of extinguishing agent
release
xx seconds after activation of the system
Room conditions (Appendix 2) kept in Yes
max. 2 m distance?

No

Overlapping area of 2 m?
Yes

No

uniform agent distribution or mist
concentration
Yes

No

4. Confirmation test "Travel bag",
Ignition with UIC paper cushion, pre-burn time: 120 s
Point of time of extinguishing agent
release
xx seconds after activation of the system
Document: ARGE-Guideline_Part-2_Fire_Fightg_Rollg_Stock_V-3.docx
Page 39 of 47
ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Room conditions (Appendix 2) kept in Yes
max. 2 m distance?

No

Overlapping area of 2 m?
Yes

No

uniform agent distribution or mist
concentration
Yes

No

Comments on the test, note, defects (if any)
e.g. "Very good system tightness"
Requirement met
Further inspection required
Tested:
responsible:
Place:
Expert for vehicle or component
technology:
yes


name:
partially

no


Signature:
x-x-x
Date:
xx/yy/zzzz
Responsible system engineer
for fire alarm technology:
Expert for railway fire safety
technology:
Document: ARGE-Guideline_Part-2_Fire_Fightg_Rollg_Stock_V-3.docx
Page 40 of 47
ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Appendix 8 – Form F-2.2 "test documentation - equipment area"
F-2.2 documentation - equipment area
Principles:

A fire in an equipment area must mandatorily be extinguished completely if
the vehicle cannot reach a totally safe area for self-rescue of passengers.

Before the activation of the fire extinguishing system, the technical
equipment in the affected area must be switched off.
Task No.:
Document No.:
Test No.
Xyz
Point of time of test
xx:xx on dd/mm/yyyy
Test object:
Engine compartment
Basic condition for test
Model


Vehicle/ component
Description of the test
System concept
Specification, functional flowchart
Test area
Sketch with geometric information, vehicle floor
plan, 3D image of converter
Position of simulated fire
source
View fire risk positions (possibly Photos)
Arrangement of the measuring
points
Name and location of the measurement points
1. Gaseous extinguishing agents
Point of time of extinguishing
agent release
xx seconds after activation of the system
First achieving of minimum
extinguishing concentration
after xx sec
- Max. 10 seconds after activation of the system
- for liquefied, gaseous extinguishing agents within 20 s
after activation of the system
- for non-liquefied gaseous extinguishing agents within 120
s after activation of the system
Minimum design concentration
achieved?
Yes

Document: ARGE-Guideline_Part-2_Fire_Fightg_Rollg_Stock_V-3.docx
No

Page 41 of 47
ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
End of achievement of minimum
extinguishing concentration
xx sec from the first achieving of minimum
extinguishing concentration
- for liquefied gaseous extinguishing agents minimum 30 s,
- for not liquefied gaseous extinguishing agents minimum
180 s
Retention time kept?
Yes

No

Dynamic testing required ?
Yes

No

Fire pan available?
Yes

No

2. Water mist fire extinguishing systems
or
Systems with other non-gaseous extinguishing agents
General
Point of time of extinguishing
agent release
xx seconds after activation of the system
Determined application time
achieved?
Yes

No

Uniform agent distribution?
Yes

No

Extinguishing successful?
Yes

No

- max. 10 seconds after activation of the system
Applications with combustion engines
Spray fire (Leakage 0.0033 l /
sec)
Simulation necessary?
Yes

No

Spray fire (Leakage 0.0033 l /
sec)
Extinguishing successful?
Yes

No

Pool fire under the engine (area
min. 1 m2, 1800 kW heat release,
pre-burn time 60 sec)
Extinguishing successful?
Yes

No

Pool Fire on the engine (area min.
Yes
No

Document: ARGE-Guideline_Part-2_Fire_Fightg_Rollg_Stock_V-3.docx
Page 42 of 47
ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
0.25 m2, heat release 347 kW, pre- 
burn time 30 or 60 sec)
Extinguishing successful?
Applications in electric fields; "developing fire"
Developing fire
Extinguishing successful?
Yes

No

Applications in electric fields; "Container fire"
Container fire
Simulation necessary?
Yes

No

Container fire
Extinguishing successful?
Yes

No

Comments on the test, note, defects (if any)
e.g. "Very good system tightness"
Requirement met
Further inspection required
Tested:
Responsible:
Place:
Expert for vehicle or component
technology:
yes


Name:
partially

no


Signature:
x-x-x
Date:
xx/yy/zzzz
Responsible system engineer
for fire alarm technology:
Expert for railway fire safety
technology:
Document: ARGE-Guideline_Part-2_Fire_Fightg_Rollg_Stock_V-3.docx
Page 43 of 47
ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Appendix 9 – Prerequisite for assessment
1. Concept description with respect to safety and functional requirements to be
fulfilled (control function for fire fighting system), based, among other things, on
purchase requisitions (e.g. specifications)
2. Hardware description, circuit diagrams, system layout and information on the
components and materials used; in terms of a project description
3. Certificates from other accredited testing and certification bodies (if applicable,
conformity declarations/ certificates), while for all indicated standards a document
or a statement on the basis of test reports must be available; concerns e.g.:




EN 12094 (Fixed firefighting systems - Components for gas extinguishing
systems with gaseous extinguishing agents)
EN 15004 (Fixed firefighting systems - extinguishing systems with gaseous
extinguishing agents)
ISO 16003, components for systems with gaseous extinguishing systems Requirements and test methods - container valve assemblies and their
triggering devices, sector valves and their triggering devices, nozzles,
connections and check valves (September 2008)
Pressure vessel strength according 99/36/EC (reference to requirements
according to administrative Guideline 3213 01 00 of EBA as of 01/11/2003)
4. Rail suitability proof according to:

DIN EN 50121 Part 3-2 Railway applications – Electromagnetic compatibility
(July 2007)

DIN EN 50153 Railway applications – Rolling stock, protective provisions
relating to electrical hazards (December 2003)

DIN EN 50155 Railway applications - Electronic equipment used on rolling
stock (March 2008)

DIN EN 61373 Railway applications – Rolling stock equipment, shock and
vibration tests (November 1999)

DIN EN 60068 Part 1 (March 1995), 2-1 (March 1995), 2-2 (August 1994), 2-27
(March 1995), 2-30 (February 2000), 2-47 (August 2000), 2-64 (August 1995),
Environmental testing - tests
Document: ARGE-Guideline_Part-2_Fire_Fightg_Rollg_Stock_V-3.docx
Page 44 of 47
ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
5. Safety relevant Operating Instructions or Manual
6. Documentation requirement related to

installation instructions for proper installation of the equipment

Implementing instructions for the acceptance or quality tests on the series
vehicles

Deviations to EN 12094 and EN 15004 for gas extinguishing systems have to
be pointed out
This particularly applies to the following technical sub-systems:

The distribution pipe network has to be carried out in stainless steel, while the
connecting hoses (e.g. between vehicles) must meet EN 12094.

The electrically controlled systems can be supplied via the vehicle's electrical
system, while the battery grid must ensure redundancy.

The pneumatic control unit can be supplied via the vehicle's pneumatic board
network, while the function must be ensured by a buffer vessel.

If a mechanical-pneumatic trigger activates the extinguishing device for
gaseous agents via a temperature impact, the trigger system can also be
carried out as extinguishing line.
Document: ARGE-Guideline_Part-2_Fire_Fightg_Rollg_Stock_V-3.docx
Page 45 of 47
ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Appendix 10 – Specification for the positioning of fire fighting
equipment in enclosed spaces/ cabinets
For arranging agent outlets such as nozzles and nozzle strips, with regard to possible
obstructions, spatial separations or leakages in the fire space, notice the following
recommendations:
The extinguishing agent should be discharged unobstructed into the fire zone.
The extinguishing agent should be discharged in the vicinity of the potential fire risk.
The agent nozzles must be fixed at a sufficient distance from possible mounting holes/
guide-throughs / positioning holes.
The agent is discharged under pressure; the discharge should not negatively affect the
room or its content.
Gas extinguishing technology

Gas nozzles have to be adjusted downwards above the extinguishing area, in case
the extinguishing gas sinks down in the fire space.

For development or distribution of the gas, a sufficient distance of more than 15 cm
between discharging beam or discharging cone and any deflecting surface is
necessary
Water mist technology

For the development of a uniform water mist, a distance of more than 30 cm to the
deflecting surfaces has to be provided

Water spray nozzles can be installed independent of direction; however, a direct
injection into the potential fire area should be achieved.
Document: ARGE-Guideline_Part-2_Fire_Fightg_Rollg_Stock_V-3.docx
Page 46 of 47
ARGE Guideline - Part 2
"Fire fighting in Rolling Stock"
Functional assessment procedure for the
effectiveness of fire fighting systems in rooms
accessible to persons, electric cabinets and areas of
combustion engines
Guideline/ Inspection Procedure
Appendix 11 – Participants of the consortium (ARGE)
Company
Domain Expert
AOA Apparatebau Gauting GmbH
Mr. Weber
AQUASYS Technik GmbH
Mr. Biberauer
DETECTOMAT GmbH
Mr. Müller
FOGTEC Brandschutz GmbH & Co. KG
Mr. Dirksmeier
HEKATRON Vertriebs GmbH
Mr. Behrens
IME Elektrotechnik GmbH
Mr. Langbein
KIDDE-DEUGRA Brandschutzsysteme GmbH
Mr. Kacar
MARIOFF Corporation Oy
Mr. Valkohaapa
RWS Railway Service GmbH
Mr. Fenske
WAGNER Bayern GmbH
Mr. Kainz
TÜV NORD Systems GmbH & Co. KG
Mr. Thiel
TÜV SÜD Rail GmbH
Dr. Heyn
Consortium meetings
Time
Place
Coordination - Kick Off (work content)
06/2008
by phone
1. consultation - Technical discussion in working
groups
19/08/2008
Hamburg and
Munich
2. consultation - Discussion of technical content
24/09/2008
Berlin
Coordination - Telephone conference
14/11/2008
by phone
Final information
01/12/2008
by e-mail
3. consultation - Update and revision
19/11/2009
Ahrensburg
4. consultation - Update and revision
19/06/2012
Berlin
Document: ARGE-Guideline_Part-2_Fire_Fightg_Rollg_Stock_V-3.docx
Page 47 of 47