REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA
MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING
SLOVENIAN NUCLEAR SAFETY ADMINISTRATION
Decommissioning in Slovenia
Igor Osojnik
Group Scientific visit to Trnava and Bohumice Nuclear Site, October 2011
Nuclear Slovenia
Mine
TRIGA
NPP Krško
RW storage
REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA
MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING
SLOVENIAN NUCLEAR SAFETY ADMINISTRATION
2
Slovenia, the smallest nuclear country
We have everything the big country has …
… but we have to manage it with less
resources!
REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA
MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING
SLOVENIAN NUCLEAR SAFETY ADMINISTRATION
3
Krško NPP
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Westinghouse PWR
2 loop
700 MWe
Commercial operation since
1983
• Ownership 50:50 SloveniaCroatia
• Operation
– Without major problems
– Continuous investments into
safety
– End of normal life time 2023
– Application for life extension
REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA
MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING
SLOVENIAN NUCLEAR SAFETY ADMINISTRATION
4
Krško Nuclear Power Plant
• Inventory (end of 2010)
– 843 spent fuel elements stored in the wet pool.
– 3,723 drums with total volume of 2,210 m3, net weight
of 2,650t and total activity of 20 TBq.
– approximately 55 bulk items including two old steam
generators, heat exchangers, insulation valves, scrap
iron, pipes, spent fuel pool racks, lead blankets and other
items
REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA
MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING
SLOVENIAN NUCLEAR SAFETY ADMINISTRATION
5
The Agreement between Slovenia and Croatia
• Decommissioning and management of radioactive waste
and spent fuel are a joint responsibility of both parties
• If no agreement on a joint solution, each party shall take
care of one half of SF and RW each
• If no agreement CRO has to remove by year 2025 SF and
RW from the site
• Both parties shall assure separate funds for financial
liabilities
• Both parties shall jointly prepare and approve plan for
decommissioning of the Krško NPP and disposal of LILW and
high level waste
REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA
MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING
SLOVENIAN NUCLEAR SAFETY ADMINISTRATION
6
Disposal and decommissioning
• Site for the LILW repository is approved
• Next steps are additional site qualification the design and
production of EIS and the safety report
• SF disposal is in office research phase.
• The second revision of the decommissioning plan for Krško
NPP is pending for approval
REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA
MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING
SLOVENIAN NUCLEAR SAFETY ADMINISTRATION
7
TRIGA Mark II Research Reactor
• TRIGA Mark II– the research reactor of the “Jožef Stefan
Institute”
• Operating without problems since 1966
• The facility is used in
– research projects,
– education,
– production of isotopes for medicine and industry
REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA
MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING
SLOVENIAN NUCLEAR SAFETY ADMINISTRATION
8
TRIGA Mark II research reactor
• In 1999 all spent fuel elements (total 219) were returned to the USA.
• The total number of the remaining fuel elements (irradiated and fresh)
at the reactor is 84.
• Spent Fuel could be returned to the country of origin by 2019
• LILW waste generated at the IJS institute is promptly transferred to the
Central interim storage for low and intermediate level waste
Decommissioning
• The reactor will be decommissioned after the year 2020.
• It has been estimated that not more than 50 tons of LILW would be
produced in decommissioning.
• The Decommissioning Plan will be revised during the Periodic Safety
Review, which is planned to start this year.
REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA
MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING
SLOVENIAN NUCLEAR SAFETY ADMINISTRATION
9
Central Interim Storage for Radioactive Waste
• Operated by the Agency for Radioactive waste Management
(ARAO)
• Accepts all radioactive waste, that is not from Krško NPP
• Inventory at the end of 2010:
– 399 packages of solid wastes, 114 packages with sealed
sources and 116 packages with ionization smoke
detectors.
– total activity of the 86.4 m3 waste stored is estimated at
3.2 TBq.
REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA
MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING
SLOVENIAN NUCLEAR SAFETY ADMINISTRATION
10
Central Interim Storage for Radioactive Waste
• Decommisiooning
– After transfer of the waste into the future LILW repository
– No detailed plans have been adopted so far for the decommissioning
– There is a general chapter in the Safety Report for Central Storage
Facility which indicates possible approaches to decommissioning of
the facility.
REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA
MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING
SLOVENIAN NUCLEAR SAFETY ADMINISTRATION
11
Former Uranium Mine Žirovski Vrh
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Operated few years until 1990 (1982-1990)
Decommissioning and remendation nearly closed
All entrances to the underground mine are closed
The uranium mill is decommissioned
Mine Waste pile almost closed
Mill tailings to be closed soon
REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA
MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING
SLOVENIAN NUCLEAR SAFETY ADMINISTRATION
12
Former Uranium Mine Žirovski Vrh
• Inventory
– Jazbec, mine tailing 1,198,900 m3 with total activity of
21.7 TBq.
– Boršt, mill tailing 415,543 m3 with total activity 48.8 TBq.
REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA
MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING
SLOVENIAN NUCLEAR SAFETY ADMINISTRATION
13
Small Producers of radioactive waste
Use of Ionizing Sources in industry and research
• 1,093 sealed sources were used in 88 industrial
organizations
• About 30000 radioactive smoke detectors are in use. All are
not accounted for.
Use of Ionizing Sources in medicine
• Seven hospitals and clinics in Slovenia use altogether about
10 TBq of short-lived isotopes
• Small amount of radioactive waste; decay storage and
clearance
REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA
MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING
SLOVENIAN NUCLEAR SAFETY ADMINISTRATION
14
REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA
MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING
SLOVENIAN NUCLEAR SAFETY ADMINISTRATION
Thank you for your attention