Communicable Diseases Surveillance in Singapore 2011
References and Bibliography on Epidemiology
I Air-droplet-Borne Diseases
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Influenza
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Chen MI, Barr IG, Koh GC, Lee VJ, Lee CP, Shaw R, Lin C, Yap J, Cook AR, Tan BH, Loh JP, Barkham T, Chow VT,
Lin RT, Leo YS. Serological response in RT-PCR confirmed H1N1-2009 influenza a by hemagglutination inhibition
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Chow A, Ma S, Ling AE, Chew SK. Influenza-associated deaths in tropical Singapore. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006
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Chow VT, Tambyah PA, Goh KT. To kill a mocking bird flu? Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2008 Jun;37(6):451-3.
Cutter J. Preparing for an influenza pandemic in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2008 Jun;37(6):497-503.
Cutter J. Current Status of Preparedness in Singapore for an Influenza Pandemic. The Singapore Family Physician
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Cutter, J.L., L.W. Ang, F.Y. Lai, H. Subramony, S. Ma, and L. James. Outbreak of pandemic influenza A (H1N1-2009)
in Singapore, May to September 2009. Ann Acad Med Singapore, 2010. 39(4): p. 273-82.
Fisher DA. Avian influenza preparation: resource diversion has a cost. Singapore Med J. 2006 Jun;47(6):451-2.
Goh LG, Cheong PY. The pandemic influenza threat: a review from the primary care perspective. Prim Care Respir
J. 2006 Aug;15(4):222-7.
Hurt AC, Ernest J, Deng YM, Iannello P, Besselaar TG, Birch C, Buchy P, Chittaganpitch M, Chiu SC, Dwyer D, Guigon
A, Harrower B, Kei IP, Kok T, Lin C, McPhie K, Mohd A, Olveda R, Panayotou T, Rawlinson W, Scott L, Smith D,
D’Souza H, Komadina N, Shaw R, Kelso A, Barr IG. Emergence and spread of oseltamivir-resistant A(H1N1) influenza
viruses in Oceania, South East Asia and South Africa. Antiviral Res. 2009;83(1):90-3.
Inoue M, Barkham T, Leo YS, Chan KP, Chow A, Wong CW, Tze Chuen Lee R, Maurer-Stroh S, Lin R, Lin C. Emergence
of oseltamivir-resistant pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus within 48 hours. Emerg Infect Dis. 2010;16(10):1633-6.
SW, Chong CY, McCarthy G, Lim WY, Goh KT, Razak L, et al. The efficacy of influenza vaccination in healthcare
workers in a tropical setting: a prospective investigator blinded observational study. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2008
Jun;37(6):465-9.
Lee HY, Fong YT. On-site influenza vaccination arrangements improved influenza vaccination rate of employees of a
tertiary hospital in Singapore. Am J Infect Control. 2007 Sep;35(7):481-3.
Lee R TC Lee, Santos C LS, de Paiva T M, Cui L, Sirota F L, Eisenhaber F, Maurer S. All that glitters is not gold Founder effects complicate associations of flu mutations to disease severity. Virol J.; in press.
Lee VJ, Chen MI. Effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing staff absenteeism during pandemic influenza.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2007 Mar;13(3):449-57.
Lee VJ, Chen MI, Chan SP, Wong CS, Cutter J, Goh KT, et al. Influenza pandemics in Singapore, a tropical, globally
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Lee VJ, Fernandez GG, Chen MI, Lye D, Leo YS. Influenza and the pandemic threat. Singapore Med J. 2006
Jun;47(6):463-70.
Lee VJ, Phua KH, Chenm MI, Chow A, Ma S, Goh KT, et al. Economics of neuraminidase inhibitor stock piling for
pandemic influenza, Singapore. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006 Jan;12(1):95-102.
Lee VJ, Wong CS, Tambyah PA, Cutter J, Chen MI, Goh KT. Twentieth century influenza pandemics in Singapore.
Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2008 Jun;37(6):470-6.
Lee VJ, Yap J, Ong JBS, Chan K-P, Lin RTP, et al. (2009) Influenza Excess Mortality from 1950–2000 in Tropical
Singapore. PLoS One 4(12):e8096.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008096
Lee VJ, Tay JK, Chen MI, Phoon MC, Xie ML, Wu Y, Lee CX, Yap J, Sakharkar KR, Sakharkar MK, Lin RT, Cui L,
Kelly PM, Leo YS, Tan YJ, Chow VT. Inactivated trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine induces limited cross-reactive
neutralizing antibody responses against 2009 pandemic and 1934 PR8 H1N1 strains. Vaccine 2010;28(42):6852-7.
Lee, V.J., J. Yap, A.R. Cook, M.I. Chen, J.K. Tay, I. Barr, A. Kelso, B.H. Tan, J.P. Loh, R. Lin, L. Cui, P.M. Kelly, Y.S. Leo,
K.S. Chia, W.L. Kang, P.A. Tambyah, and B. Seet. Effectiveness of Public Health Measures in Mitigating Pandemic
Influenza Spread: A Prospective Sero-Epidemiological Cohort Study. J Infect Dis, 2010. 202(9): p. 1319-26
Lee VJ, Yap J, Cook AR, Chen MI, Tay JK, Tan BH, Loh JP, Chew SW, Koh WH, Lin R, Cui L, Lee CW, Sung WK,
Wong CW, Hibberd ML, Kang WL, Seet B, Tambyah PA. Oseltamivir ring prophylaxis for containment of 2009 H1N1
Influenza outbreaks. N Eng J Med 2010 Jun 10;362(23):2166-74. IF: 50.1
Leo Y-S, Lye DC, Barkham T, Krishnan P, Seow E, Chow A. Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 surveillance and prevalence of
seasonal influenza, Singapore. Emerg Infect Dis. 2010 Jan; 16(1):103-5.
Leong HK, Goh CS, Chew ST, Lim CW, Lin YN, Chang SF, et al. Prevention and control of avian influenza in Singapore.
Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2008 Jun;37(6):504-9.
Liang M, Lye D C, Chen M I, Chow A, Krishnan P, Seow E, Leo Y S. New influenza A (H1N1) 2009 in Singapore: the
first ten adult imported cases. Singapore Med J 2009; 50(6):581-3.
Li M. Ling, Angela L. Chow, David C. Lye, Adriana S. Tan, Prabha Krishnan, Lin Cui, Nwe N. Win, Monica Chan,
Poh L. Lim, Cheng C. Lee, and Yee S. Leo. Effects of Early Oseltamivir Therapy on Viral Shedding in 2009 Pandemic
Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infection. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2010;50:963–969
Lim, H.C., J. Cutter, W.K. Lim, A. Ee, Y.C. Wong, and B.K. Tay. The influenza A (H1N1-2009) experience at the inaugural
Asian Youth Games Singapore 2009: mass gathering during a developing pandemic. Br J Sports Med, 2010. 44(7):
p. 528-32.
Low, C.L., P.P. Chan, J.L. Cutter, B.H. Foong, L. James, and P.L. Ooi. International health regulations: lessons from
the influenza pandemic in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore, 2010. 39(4): p. 325-3.
Lye DC, Ang BS, Leo YS. Review of human infections with avian influenza H5N1 and proposed local clinical management
guideline. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2007 Apr;36(4):285-92.
Lye DC, Nguyen DH, Giriputro S, Anekthananon T, Eraksoy H, Tambyah PA. Practical management of avian influenza
in humans. Singapore Med J. 2006 Jun;47(6):471-5.
Menon KU. Risk communications: in search of a pandemic. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2008 Jun;37(6):525-34.
Maurer-Stroh S, Lee RT, Eisenhaber F, Cui L, Phuah SP, Lin RT. A new common mutation in the hemagglutinin of the
2009 (H1N1) influenza A virus. PLoS Curr. 2010;RRN1162.
135
Menon KU. Risk communications: in search of a pandemic. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2008 Jun;37(6):525-34.
Mukherjee P, Lim PL, Chow A, Barkham T, Seow E, Win MK. Epidemiology of travel-associated pandemic (H1N1)
2009 infection in 116 patients, Singapore. Emerg Infect Dis 2010 Jan; 16(1): (21 - 26).
Ng TP, Pwee KH, Niti M, Goh LG. Influenza in Singapore: assessing the burden of illness in the community. Ann Acad
Med Singapore. 2002 Mar;31(2):182-8.
Ong JB, Chen MI, Cook AR, Lee HC, Lee VJ, Lin RT, Tambyah PA, Goh LG. Real-time epidemic monitoring and
forecasting of H1N1-2009 using influenza-like illness from general practice and family doctor clinics in Singapore.
PLoS One 2010;5(4):e10036.
Ooi PL, Lai FY, Low CL, Lin R, Wong C, Hibberd M, Tambyah PA. Clinical and molecular evidence for transmission of
novel influenza A(H1N1/2009) on a commercial airplane. Arch Intern Med. 2010;24;170(10):913-5.
Seet RC, Lim EC, Oh VM, Ong BK, Goh KT, Fisher DA, et al. Readiness exercise to combat avian influenza. Qjm.
2009 Feb;102(2):133-7.
Subramony H, Lai FY, Ang LW, Cutter JL, Lim PL, James L. An Epidemiological Study of 1348 Cases of Pandemic H1N1
Influenza Admitted to Singapore Hospitals from July to September 2009. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2010;39(4): 283-90.
Tan SB, Goh C, Thumboo J, Che W, Chowbay B, Cheung YB. Risk perception is affected by modes of risk presentation
among Singaporeans. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2005 Mar;34(2):184-7.
Kevin Tan, Asha Prerna, Yee-Sin Leo. Surveillance of H1N1 related neurological complications. Thelancet.com/
neurology Vol 9 February 2010, 142-143.
Tang, J. W., C. K. Lee, et al. (2010). “Tracking the emergence of pandemic Influenza A/H1N1/2009 and its interaction
with seasonal influenza viruses in Singapore.” Ann Acad Med Singapore 39(4): 291-294.
Tang JW, Lai FY, Nymadawa P, Deng YM, Ratnamohan M, Petric M, Loh TP, Tee NW, Dwyer DE, Barr IG, Wong FY.
Comparison of the incidence of influenza in relation to climate factors during 2000-2007 in five countries. J Med Virol.
2010;82(11):1958-65
Tang JW, Tambyah PA, Lai FY, Lee HK, Lee CK, Loh TP, Chiu L, Koay ES. Differing symptom patterns in early pandemic
vs. seasonal influenza infections. Arch Intern Med. 2010;170(10):861-7.
Tay, J., Y.F. Ng, J.L. Cutter, and L. James. Influenza A (H1N1-2009) pandemic in Singapore--public health control
measures implemented and lessons learnt. Ann Acad Med Singapore, 2010. 39(4): p. 313-12.
Wilder-Smith A, Ang B. The role of influenza vaccine in healthcare workers in the era of severe acute respiratory
syndrome. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2003 Sep;32(5):573-5.
Win MK, Chow A, Chen M, Lau YF, Ooi EE, Leo YS. Influenza B outbreak among influenza-vaccinated welfare home
residents in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2010 Jun;39 (6):448-52.
Wong TY, Koh G, Cheong SK, Lee HY, Fong YT, Sundram M, et al. Concerns, perceived impact and preparedness
in an avian influenza pandemic--a comparative study between healthcare workers in primary and tertiary care. Ann
Acad Med Singapore. 2008 Feb;37(2):96-102.
Wong TY, Koh GC, Cheong SK, Sundram M, Koh K, Chia SE, et al. A cross-sectional study of primary-care physicians
in Singapore on their concerns and preparedness for an avian influenza outbreak. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2008
Jun;37(6):458-64.
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Yang KS, Fong YT, Koh D, Lim MK. High coverage of influenza vaccination among healthcare workers can be achieved
during heightened awareness of impending threat. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2007 Jun;36(6):384-7.
Measles
Lim FS, Han HH, Bock HL. Safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of the live attenuated combined measles,
mumps and rubella vaccine containing the RIT 4385 mumps strain in healthy Singaporean children. Ann Acad Med
Singapore. 2007 Dec;36(12):969-73.
Ong G, Rasidah N, Wan S, Cutter J. Outbreak of measles in primary school students with high first dose MMR
vaccination coverage. Singapore Med J. 2007 Jul;48(7):656-61.
Ong G, Hoon HB, Ong A, Chua LT, Kai CS, Tai GK. A 24-year review on the epidemiology and control of measles in
Singapore, 1981-2004. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2006 Jan;37(1):96-101. Review.
Meningococcal Infection
Wilder-Smith A, Barkham TM, Chew SK, Paton NI. Absence of Neisseria meningitidis W-135 electrophoretic Type 37
during the Hajj, 2002. Emerg Infect Dis. 2003 Jun;9(6):734-7.
Wilder-Smith A, Paton NI, Barkham TM, Earnest A. Meningococcal carriage in Umra pilgrims returning from Saudi
Arabia. J Travel Med. 2003 May-Jun;10(3):147-9.
Wilder-Smith A, Goh KT, Barkham T, Paton NI. Hajj-associated outbreak strain of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup
W135: estimates of the attack rate in a defined population and the risk of invasive disease developing in carriers. Clin
Infect Dis. 2003 Mar 15;36(6):679-83. Epub 2003 Mar 3.
Wilder-Smith A. W135 meningococcal carriage in association with the Hajj pilgrimage 2001: the Singapore experience.
Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2003 Feb;21(2):112-5.
Wilder-Smith A, Tai Goh K. W-135 meningococcal disease in a traveler: a case report. J Travel Med. 2003 JanFeb;10(1):59-60.
Wilder-Smith A, Barkham TM, Ravindran S, Earnest A, Paton NI. Persistence of W135 Neisseria meningitidis carriage in
returning Hajj pilgrims: risk for early and late transmission to household contacts. Emerg Infect Dis. 2003 Jan;9(1):123-6.
Wilder-Smith A, Barkham TM, Earnest A, Paton NI. Acquisition of W135 meningococcal carriage in Hajj pilgrims and
transmission to household contacts: prospective study. BMJ. 2002 Aug 17;325(7360):365-6. No abstract available.
Mumps
Ong G, Goh KT, Ma S, Chew SK. Comparative efficacy of Rubini, Jeryl-Lynn and Urabe mumps vaccine in an Asian
population. J Infect. 2005 Nov;51(4):294-8.
Pertussis
Kowalzik F, Barbosa AP, Fernandes VR, Carvalho PR, Avila-Aguero ML, Goh DY, Goh A, de Miguel JG, Moraga F,
Roca J, Campins M, Huang M, Quian J, Riley N, Beck D, Verstraeten T. Prospective multinational study of pertussis
infection in hospitalized infants and their household contacts. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2007 Mar;26(3):238-42.
137
Wilder-Smith A, Boudville I, Earnest A, Heng SL, Bock HL. Knowledge, attitude, and practices with regard to adult
pertussis vaccine booster in travelers. J Travel Med. 2007 May-Jun;14(3):145-50.
Wilder-Smith A, Ng S, Earnest A. Seroepidemiology of pertussis in the adult population of Singapore. Ann Acad Med
Singapore. 2006 Nov;35(11):780-2.
Wilder-Smith A, Earnest A, Ravindran S, Paton NI. High incidence of pertussis among Hajj pilgrims. Clin Infect Dis.
2003 Nov 1;37(9):1270-2. Epub 2003 Oct 1.
Viral Conjunctivitis
Chan CM, Theng JT, Li L, Tan DT. Microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis in healthy individuals: a case series. Ophthalmology.
2003 Jul;110(7):1420-5.
Choi H, Lee SB. Nonseasonal allergic conjunctivitis in the tropics: experience in a tertiary care institution. Ocul Immunol
Inflamm. 2008 Jul-Aug;16(4):141-5.
Ong AE, Dashraath P, Lee VJ. Management of enteroviral conjunctivitis outbreaks in the Singapore military in 2005.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2008 May;39(3):398-403.
Yeo DS, Seah SG, Chew JS, Lim EA, Liaw JC, Loh JP, Tan BH. Molecular identification of coxsackievirus A24 variant,
isolated from an outbreak of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis in Singapore in 2005. Arch Virol. 2007;152(11):2005-16.
Epub 2007 Aug 6.
II Vector-Borne/Zoonotic Diseases
Chikungunya
Massad E, Ma S, Burattini MN, Tun Y, Coutinho FA, Ang LW. The risk of chikungunya fever in a dengue-endemic area.
J Travel Med. 2008 May-Jun;15(3):147-55.
Ng LF, Chow A, Sun YJ, Kwek DJ, Lim PL, Dimatatac F, Ng LC, Ooi EE, Choo KH, Her Z, Kourilsky P, Leo YS. IL1beta, IL-6, and RANTES as biomarkers of Chikungunya severity. PLoS ONE. 2009;4(1):e4261. Epub 2009 Jan 21.
Ng, L. C., Tan, L. K., Tan, C. H., Tan, S. Y. S., Hapuarachchi, H. C., Pok, K. Y., Lai, Y. L., Lam-Phua S. G., Bucht, G.,
Lin, R, Leo, Y. S., Tan, B. H., Han, H. K., Ooi, P. L., Lyn, J. & Khoo, S. P. (2009). Entomologic and Virologic Investigation
of Chikungunya, Singapore. Emerging Infectious Diseases 15(8): 1243-1249.
Leo, Y. S., Chow, A., Tan, L. K., Lye, D. C., Lin, L. & Ng, L. C. (2009) Chikungunya outbreak, Singapore, 2008. Emerging
Infectious Diseases 15(5): 836-837.
Lisa F.P. Ng and David M. Ojcius (2009) Chikungunya fever – Re-emergence of an old disease. Microbes Infect. 2009
Dec, 11(14-15): 1163 – 64.
Her Z, Kam YW, Lin RT, Ng LF (2009) Chikungunya: a bending reality. Microbes Infect. 2009 Dec, 11(14-15): 1165
– 1176.
Adrian CL, Yang S, Tambyah PA. Atypical Chilungyunya Virus Infections in Immunocpmpromised Patients. Emerg
Infect Dis. 2010; 16 (6): 1038-1040
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Yoshikawa M J, Tang CS, Nishibuchi M. Incidence of Chikungunya Fever in Singapore: Implications of Public Health
Measures and Transnational Movements of People. Trop Med Health 2010; 28(1): 39
Yap, G., Pok, K. Y., Lai, Y. L., Hapuarachchi, H. C., Chow, A., Leo, Y. S., Tan, L. K. & Ng, L. C. Evaluation of chikungunya
diagnostic assays: Differences in sensitivity of serology assays in two independent outbreaks. PLos NTD 1010; 4(7):
e753.
Hapuarachchi HC, Bandara KBAT, Sumanandasa SDM, Hapugoda MD, Lai YL, Lee KS, Tan LK, Lin R, Ng LFP, Bucht
G, Abeyewickreme W, Ng LC. Re-emergence of Chikungunya virus in South-east Asia: virological evidence from Sri
Lanka and Singapore. J Gen Virol 2010; 91(4): 1067-1076
Win MK, Chow A, Dimatatac F, Go CJ, Leo YS. Chikungunya fever in Singapore. Acute clinical and laboratory features,
and factors associated with persistent arthralgia. J Clin Virol 2010: 49(2): 111-114
Ng LC, Hapuarachchi HC. Tracing the path of Chikungunya virus- Evolution and adaptation. Infec Gen Evol 2010;
10(7): 876-885
Ho KW, Ang LW, Tan BH, Tang CS, Ooi PL, James L, Goh KT. Epidemiology and control of chikunguna fever in
Singapore. J of Infection 2011; 62(4): 263-270
Dengue
Yew, Y. W., Ng, L. C, Yap, G. & Goh, K. T. (2009) Seroepidemiology of Dengue Virus Infection Among Adults in
Singapore. Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 38(8): 667-675.
Schreiber, M. J., Holmes, E. C., Ong, S. H., Soh, H. S., Liu, W., Tanner, L., Aw, P. P., Tan, H. C., Ng, L. C., Leo, Y. S.,
Low, J. G., Ong, A., Ooi, E. E., Vasudevan, S. G. & Hibberd, M. L. (2009) Genomic Epidemiology of a Dengue Virus
Epidemic in Urban Singapore. Journal of Virology 83: 4163-4173.
Teo, D., Ng, L. C. & Lam, S. (2009) Is dengue a threat to the blood supply? Transfusion Medicine 19(2): 66-77.
Ng, L. C., Lam, S. & Teo, D. (2009) Recent findings and developments of dengue and chikungunya epidemiology and
their potential impact on blood donors and patient. ISBT Science Series (2009)
Burattini MN, Chen M, Chow A, Coutinho FA, Goh KT, Lopez LF, et al. Modelling the control strategies against dengue
in Singapore. Epidemiol Infect. 2008 Mar;136(3):309-19.
Chadwick D, Arch B, Wilder-Smith A, Paton N. Distinguishing dengue fever from other infections on the basis of simple
clinical and laboratory features: application of logistic regression analysis. J Clin Virol. 2006 Feb;35(2):147-53.
Chai LY, Lim PL, Lee CC, Hsu LY, Teoh YL, Lye DC, et al. Cluster of Staphylococcus aureus and dengue co-infection
in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2007 Oct;36(10):847-50.
Chung YK, Pang FY. Dengue virus infection rate in field populations of female Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus
in Singapore. Trop Med Int Health. 2002 Apr;7(4):322-30.
Egger JR, Ooi EE, Kelly DW, Woolhouse ME, Davies CR, Coleman PG. Reconstructing historical changes in the
force of infection of dengue fever in Singapore: implications for surveillance and control. Bull World Health Organ.
2008 Mar;86(3):187-96.
Fisher D. To the vector borne......mosquito-transmitted diseases in Singapore. Singapore Med J. 2005 Nov;46(11):596-7.
Hsieh YH, Ma S. Intervention measures, turning point, and reproduction number for dengue, Singapore, 2005. Am J
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Koh BK, Ng LC, Kita Y, Tang CS, Ang LW, Wong KY, et al. The 2005 dengue epidemic in Singapore: epidemiology,
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Lee VJ, Lye DC, Sun Y, Fernandez G, Ong A, Leo YS. Predictive value of simple clinical and laboratory variables for
dengue hemorrhagic fever in adults. J Clin Virol. 2008 May;42(1):34-9.
Liew C, Curtis CF. Horizontal and vertical dispersal of dengue vector mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus,
in Singapore. Med Vet Entomol. 2004 Dec;18(4):351-60.
Low JG, Ooi EE, Tolfvenstam T, Leo YS, Hibberd ML, Ng LC, et al. Early Dengue infection and outcome study (EDEN)
- study design and preliminary findings. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2006 Nov;35(11):783-9.
Lye DC, Chan M, Lee VJ, Leo YS. Do young adults with uncomplicated dengue fever need hospitalisation? A
retrospective analysis of clinical and laboratory features. Singapore Med J. 2008 Jun;49(6):476-9.
Ong A, Sandar M, Chen MI, Sin LY. Fatal dengue hemorrhagic fever in adults during a dengue epidemic in Singapore.
Int J Infect Dis. 2007 May;11(3):263-7.
Ooi EE, Goh KT, Chee Wang DN. Effect of increasing age on the trend of dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever in
Singapore. Int J Infect Dis. 2003 Sep;7(3):231-2.
Ooi EE, Goh KT, Gubler DJ. Dengue prevention and 35 years of vector control in Singapore. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006
Jun;12(6):887-93.
Seet RC, Ooi EE, Wong HB, Paton NI. An outbreak of primary dengue infection among migrant Chinese workers in
Singapore characterized by prominent gastrointestinal symptoms and a high proportion of symptomatic cases. J Clin
Virol. 2005 Aug;33(4):336-40.
Siong WC, Ching TH, Jong GC, Pang CS, Vernon LJ, Sin LY. Dengue infections in HIV patients. Southeast Asian J
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Tanner L, Schreiber M, Low JG, Ong A, Tolfvenstam T, Lai YL, et al. Decision tree algorithms predict the diagnosis
and outcome of dengue fever in the early phase of illness. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2008;2(3):e196.
Tay JC, Tan P. Finding intervention points in the pathogenesis of dengue viral infection. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med
Biol Soc. 2006;1:5315-21.
Wilder-Smith A, Chen LH, Massad E, Wilson ME. Threat of dengue to blood safety in dengue-endemic countries.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2009 Jan;15(1):8-11.
Wilder-Smith A, Foo W, Earnest A, Sremulanathan S, Paton NI. Seroepidemiology of dengue in the adult population
of Singapore. Trop Med Int Health. 2004 Feb;9(2):305-8.
Wilder-Smith A, Yoksan S, Earnest A, Subramaniam R, Paton NI. Serological evidence for the co-circulation of multiple
dengue virus serotypes in Singapore. Epidemiol Infect. 2005 Aug;133(4):667-71.
Lee KS, Lai YL, Lo S, Barkham T, Aw P, Ooi P L, Tai JC, Hibberd M, Johansson P, Khoo SP, Ng LC. Dengue Virus
Surveillance for Early Warning, Singapore. Emerg Infect Dis. 2010 16(5): 847-849
Lye DC, Lee VJ, Sun Y, Leo YS. The benign nature of dengue infection in hospitalised older adults in Singapore. Int
J Infect Dis. 2010; 14(5): 410-413
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E Massad, Coutinho FAB, Ma S, Burattini MN. A hypothesis for the 2007 dengue outbreak in Singapore. Epi Infect
2010; 138: 951-957
Pok KY, Lai YL, Sng J, Ng LC. Evaluation of nonstructural 1 antigen assays for the diagnosis and surveillance of
dengue in Singapore. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2010; 10(10): 1009-16.
Ooi EE, Wilder-Smith A, Ng LC, Gubler DJ. The 2007 dengue outbreak in Singapore. Epidemiol Infect. 2010; 138(7):
951-7.
Ong DQ, Sitaram N, Rajakulendran M, Koh GC, Seow AL, Ong ES, Pang FY. Knowledge and practice of household
mosquito breeding control measures between a dengue hotspot and non-hotspot in Singapore. Ann Acad Med
Singapore. 2010; 39(2): 146-9.
Wilder-Smith A, Earnest A, Tan SB, Ooi EE, Gubler DJ. Lack of association of dengue activity with haze. Epidemiol
Infect. 2010; 138(7): 962-967.
Japanese Encephalitis
Koh YL, Tan BH, Loh JJ, Ooi EE, Su SY, Hsu LY. Japanese encephalitis, Singapore. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006
Mar;12(3):525-6.
See E, Tan HC, Wang D, Ooi EE, Lee MA. Presence of hemagglutination inhibition and neutralization antibodies to
Japanese encephalitis virus in wild pigs on an offshore island in Singapore. Acta Trop. 2002 Mar;81(3):233-6.
Ting SH, Tan HC, Wong WK, Ng ML, Chan SH, Ooi EE. Seroepidemiology of neutralizing antibodies to Japanese
encephalitis virus in Singapore: continued transmission despite abolishment of pig farming? Acta Trop. 2004 NovDec;92(3):187-91.
Wilder-Smith A, Halstead SB. Japanese encephalitis: update on vaccines and vaccine recommendations. Curr Opin
Infect Dis. 2010; 23(5): 426-31.
Malaria
Tambyah PA. Local transmission of malaria in Singapore: an important public health message. Singapore Med J.
2003 Jul;44(7):336-7.
Chiam PT, Oh HM, Ooi EE. Localised outbreak of Falciparum malaria in Singapore. Singapore Med J. 2003
Jul;44(7):357-8.
Kang ML, Hsu L, Kurup A. A large cluster of imported Plasmodium falciparum malaria among Nigerian expatriate
students. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007 Oct;77(4):790-2.
Ng OT, Ooi EE, Lee CC, Lee PJ, Ng LC, Pei SW, Tu TM, Loh JP, Leo YS. Naturally acquired human Plasmodium
knowlesi Infection, Singapore. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008; 14(5): 814-816
Lee YC, Tang CS, Ang LW, Han HK, James L, Goh KT. Epidemiological characteristics of imported and locally-acquired
malaria in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2009 Oct;38(10):840-9.
Ng LC, Lee KS, Tan CH, Ooi PL, Phua SGL, Lin R, Pang SC, Lai YL, Suhana S, Chan PP, Wang KY, Ho ST, Vythilingam
I. Entomologic and molecular investigation into Plasmodium vivax transmission in Singapore 2009. Mal J 2010; 9: 305
Vernon JL, Ow S, Tan MY, Lam P, Ng LC, Phua SGL, Imran AQ, Seet B. Elimination of Malaria Risk through Integrated
Combination Strategies in a Tropical military Training Island. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2010; 82(6): 1024-1029
Lim PL, Mok YJ, Lye DC, Leo YS. Imported chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium vivax in Singapore: case report and
literature review. J Travel Med. 2010 Jan-Feb; 17(1): 69-71.
141
Lee VJ, Ow S, Heah H, Tan MY, Lam P, Ng LC, Lam-Phua SG, Imran AQ, Seet B.
Elimination of malaria risk through integrated combination strategies in a tropical military training island. Am J Trop
Med Hyg. 2010 Jun;82(6):1024-9.
Jeslyn WP, Huat TC, Vernon L, Irene LM, Sung LK, Jarrod LP, Singh B, Ching NL. Molecular epidemiological investigation
of Plasmodium knowlesi in humans and macaques in Singapore. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2011 Feb; 11(2): 131-5.
III Food-/Water-Borne Diseases
Salmonellosis
Ministry of Health, Singapore. Epidemiology of locally acquired salmonellosis in 2009. Epidemol News Bull 2011; 37:31-4.
Olsen SJ, Bishop R, Brenner FW et al. The changing epidemiology of Salmonella: trends in serotypes isolated from
humans in the United States, 1987-1997. J Infect Dis 2001; 183:753-61.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Increasing rate of Salmonella Enteritidis infections in the Northeastern
United States. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 1987; 36:10–1.
Suhana S, Chan PP, Lalitha K et al. An outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis
traced to cream cakes. Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal 2011; 2(1). doi: 10.5365/wpsar.2010.1.1.001
Lu PL, Hwang IJ, Tung YL et al. Molecular and epidemiologic analysis of a country-wide outbreak caused by Salmonella
enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis traced to a bakery. BMC Infect Dis 2004; 4:48-54.
Ling ML, Goh KT, Wang GC, Neo KS, Chua T. An outbreak of multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica
serotype Typhimurium, DT104L linked to dried anchovy in Singapore. Epidemiol Infect. 2002 Feb;128(1):1-5.
Habib AG. A clinical audit of presentation and outcome of Salmonella septicaemia. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2004
Nov;33(6):749-53.
Koh TH, Koh AE, Hamdan A, Khoo BC, Yu VY, Raymond RT, Tee NW. Ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella spp. in
Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2008 Oct;37(10):900-1.
Lee VJ, Ong AE, Auw M. An outbreak of Salmonella gastrointestinal illness in a military camp. Ann Acad Med Singapore.
2009 Mar;38(3):207-11.
Suhana BS et al. Western Pacific Surveillance and Response Journal. 2011, 2(1) doi: 10.5365/wpsar.2010.1.1.001.
Food Poisoning
Holmes MJ, Teo SL.Toxic marine dinoflagellates in Singapore waters that cause seafood poisonings. Clin Exp Pharmacol
Physiol. 2002 Sep;29(9):829-36.
Ng TL, Chan PP, Phua TH, Loh JP, Yip R, Wong C, Liaw CW, Tan BH, Chiew KT, Chua SB, Lim S, Ooi PL, Chew
SK, Goh KT. Oyster-associated outbreaks of Norovirus gastroenteritis in Singapore. J Infect. 2005 Dec;51(5):413-8.
Epub 2004 Dec 16.
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IV Blood-Borne Diseases
Hepatitis B
Hong WW, Ang LW, Cutter JL, James L, Chew SK, Goh KT. Changing seroprevalence of Hepatitis B markers of adults
in Singapore. Ann Acad Med. 2010 Aug: 39:591-8
Lim SG, Mohammed R, Yuen MF, Kao JH. Prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B virus infection. J
Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009 Aug;24(8):1352-7.
Ong SC, Lim SG, Li SC. How big is the financial burden of hepatitis B to society? A cost-of-illness study of hepatitis
B infection in Singapore. J Viral Hepat. 2009 Jan;16(1):53-63.
Tan HH, Lui HF, Chow WC. Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in pregnancy. Hepatol Int. 2008 Sep;2(3):370-5.
Epub 2008 Apr 12.
Dan YY, Aung MO, Lim SG. The economics of treating chronic hepatitis B in Asia. Hepatol Int. 2008 Sep;2(3):284-95.
Epub 2008 May 1.
Tan NC, Cheah SL, Teo EK, Yang LH. Patients with chronic hepatitis B infection: what is their quality of life? Singapore
Med J. 2008 Sep;49(9):682-7.
Tan AT, Koh S, Goh V, Bertoletti A. Understanding the immunopathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B virus: an Asian
prospective. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008 Jun;23(6):833-43.
Ong SC, Mak B, Aung MO, Li SC, Lim SG. Health-related quality of life in chronic hepatitis B patients. Hepatology.
2008 Apr;47(4):1108-17.
Lu W, Mak B, Lim SG, Aung MO, Wong ML, Wai CT. Public misperceptions about transmission of hepatitis B virus in
Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2007 Oct;36(10):797-800.
Bertoletti A, Gehring A. Immune response and tolerance during chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatol Res. 2007
Oct;37 Suppl 3:S331-8.
Lacey LF, Gane E. The cost-effectiveness of long-term antiviral therapy in the management of HBeAg-positive and
HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B in Singapore. J Viral Hepat. 2007 Nov;14(11):751-66.
Lian WB, Ho SK, Yeo CL. Hepatitis B vaccination is effective for babies weighing less than 1800g. J Paediatr Child
Health. 2006 May;42(5):268-76.
Wai CT, Mak B, Chua W, Tan MH, Ng S, Cheok A, Wong ML, Lim SG. Misperceptions among patients with chronic
hepatitis B in Singapore. World J Gastroenterol. 2005 Aug 28;11(32):5002-5.
Tan NC, Cheah SL. What barriers do primary care physicians face in the management of patients with chronic hepatitis
B infection in primary care? Singapore Med J. 2005 Jul;46(7):333-9.
Cheng HK, Rajadurai VS, Amin Z, Sriram B, Yee MF, Han HH, Bock HL, Safary A. Immunogenicity and reactogenicity
of two regimens of diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-hepatitis B-inactivated polio and Haemophilus influenzae
type b vaccines administered to infants primed at birth with hepatitis B vaccine. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public
Health. 2004 Sep;35(3):685-92.
Tan NC, Cheah SL, Teo EK. A qualitative study of health-seeking behavior of Hepatitis B carriers. Singapore Med J.
2005 Jan;46(1):6-10.
143
Li SC, Ong SC, Lim SG, Yeoh KG, Kwong KS, Lee V, et al. A cost comparison of management of chronic hepatitis
B and its associated complications in Hong Kong and Singapore. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2004 Nov-Dec;38(10 Suppl
3):S136-43.
Wai CT, Mak B, Chua W, Lim SG. The majority of hepatitis B carriers are not on regular surveillance in Singapore.
Singapore Med J. 2004 Sep;45(9):423-6.
Hepatitis C
Chow WC, Tien SL, Tan CK, Lui HF, Vathsala A, Ng HS. Treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients with end-stage
renal disease and hemophilia--the Singapore experience. Intervirology. 2006;49(1-2):107-11.
V Environment-Related Diseases
Legionellosis
Lam MC, Ang LW, Tan AL, James L, Goh KT, Epidemiology and control of legionellosis in Singapore, Emer Infect
Disease. 2011 July:17 (7) 1209-1215.
Lin YS, Yu VL. Underdiagnosis of hospital-acquired Legionnaires disease in Singapore. Am J Infect Control. 2006
Apr;34(3):161-2. No abstract available.
Goh KT, Ng DL, Yap J, Ma S, Ooi EE. Surveillance, prevention, and control of legionellosis in a tropical city-state. Am
J Infect Control. 2005 Jun;33(5):286-91.
Melioidosis
Chadwick DR, Ang B, Sitoh YY, Lee CC. Cerebral melioidosis in Singapore: a review of five cases. Tran R Soc Trop
Med Hyg. 2002 Jan-Feb;96(1):72-6
Samuel M, Ti TY. Interventions for treating melioidosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002;(4):CD001263.
Tran D, Tan HH. Cutaneous melioidosis. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2002 Jun;27(4):280-2.
Thng TG, Seow CS,Tan HH, Yosipovitch G. A case of nonfatal cutaneous melioidosis. Cutis. 2003 Oct;72(4):310-2.
Mukhopadhyay A, Lee KH, Tambyah PA. Bacteraemic melioidosis pneumonia: impact on outcome, clinical and
radiological features. J Infect. 2004 May;48(4):334-8.
Orellana C. Melioidoisis strikes Singapore. Lancet Infect Dis. 2004 Nov;4(11):655.
Chan KP, Low JG, Raghuram J, Fook-Chong SM, Kurup A. Clinical characteristics and outcome of severe melioidosis
requiring intensive care. Chest. 2005 Nov;128(5):3674-8.
Teo L, Tay YK, Mancer KJ. Cutaneous melioidosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2006 Nov;
20(10):1322-4.
Sivalingam SP, Sim SH, Jasper LC, Wang D, Liu Y, Ooi EE. Pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis of experimental
Burkholderia pseudomallei infection with doxycycline, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and co-trimoxazole. J Antimicrob
Chemother. 2008 Mar;61(3):674-8. Epub 2008 Jan 12.
Muttarak M, Peh Wc, Euathrongchit J, Lin SE, Tan AG, Lettumnongtum P, Sivasomboon C. Spectrum of imaging
findings in melioidosis. Br J Radiol. 2009 Jun;82(978):514-21.
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Tan AL, Tan ML. Melioidosis: antibiogram of cases in Singapore1987-2007. Tran R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2008 Dec;102
Suppl 1: S101-2.
Lo TJ, Ang LW, James L, Goh K. Melioidosis in a tropical city state, Singapore. Emerg Infect Dis [serial on the internet]
2009 Oct [date cited] Available from http://www.cdc.gov/EID/content/15/10/1645.htm
VI HIV/AIDS, STIs, Tuberculosis & Leprosy
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Bellamy R, Sangeetha S, Paton NI. AIDS-defining illnesses among patients with HIV in Singapore, 1985 to 2001:
results from the Singapore HIV Observational Cohort Study (SHOCS). BMC Infect Dis. 2004 Nov 12;4:47.
Chow KY, Ang LW, Verghesse I, Chew SK, Leo YS. Measurable predictive factors for progression to AIDS among
HIV-infected patients in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2005 Jan;34(1):84-9.
Chua A, Leo YS, Kurup A, Chlebicki MP, Lee CC. Healthcare workers and HIV health issues. Ann Acad Med Singapore.
2008 Jul;37(7):576-9.
Chua AC, Leo YS, Lee CC. Building partnerships to address the HIV epidemic. Singapore Med J. 2008 May;49(5):376-9.
Chui P, Chew SK. Appropriateness of Singapore’s HIV/AIDS control programme. Lancet. 2002 Dec 14;360(9349):1982;
author reply -3.
Cutter JL, Lim WY, Ang LW, Tun Y, James L, Chew SK. HIV in Singapore--past, present, and future. AIDS Educ Prev.
2004 Jun;16(3 Suppl A):110-8.
Goh BK, Chan RK, Sen P, Theng CT, Tan HH, Wu YJ, et al. Spectrum of skin disorders in human immunodeficiency
virus-infected patients in Singapore and the relationship to CD4 lymphocyte counts. Int J Dermatol. 2007 Jul;46(7):695-9.
Paton NI, Chapman CA, Sangeetha S, Mandalia S, Bellamy R, Beck EJ. Cost and cost-effectiveness of antiretroviral
therapy for HIV infection in Singapore. Int J STD AIDS. 2006 Oct;17(10):699-705.
Paton NI, Sangeetha S, Earnest A, Bellamy R. The impact of malnutrition on survival and the CD4 count response in
HIV-infected patients starting antiretroviral therapy. HIV Med. 2006 Jul;7(5):323-30.
Quah SR. Public image and governance of epidemics: comparing HIV/AIDS and SARS. Health Policy. 2007
Feb;80(2):253-72.
Quek JT, Li SC. A study of the effectiveness of AIDS health education interventions among the adolescent population
of Singapore. Singapore Med J. 2002 Jul;43(7):359-64.
Tay EG, Emmanuel SC. Improving the uptake of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antenatal screening in a primary
healthcare setting. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2003 Jan;32(1):92-5.
Wee HL, Li SC. Sociodemographic factors influencing the effectiveness of public health education - a comparison of
two studies in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2007 Nov;36(11):958-61.
Wong ML, Chan RK, Koh D. HIV prevention among travelers: why do men not use condoms when they engage in
commercial sex overseas? Sex Transm Dis. 2007 Apr;34(4):237-44.
Low SY, Eng P. Human immunodeficiency virus testing in patients with newly-diagnosed tuberculosis in Singapore.
Singapore Med J. 2009 May;50(5):479-81.
145
Lee CC, Sun YJ, Barkham T, Leo YS. Primary drug resistance and transmission analysis of HIV-1 in acute and recent
drug-naïve seroconverters in Singapore. HIV Med. 2009 Jul;10(6):370-7.
Chua AC. HIV: time for the medical community to move forward. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2009 Feb;38(2):97-8.
Lwin MO, Stanaland AJ, Chan D. Using protection motivation theory to predict condom usage and assess HIV health
communication efficacy in Singapore. Health Commun. 2010 Jan; 25(1):69-79.
Wong CS, Lye DC, Lee CC, Leo YS. Acute HIV infection in Singapore: predominance of men who have sex with men.
Singapore Med J. 2011 Dec;52(12):860-3.
Sexually Transmitted Infections
Chan RK, Tan HH. Sexually transmitted infections in Singapore teenagers. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2003 Jan;32(1):25-8.
Chan RK, Tan HH, Chio MT, Sen P, Ho KW, Wong ML. Sexually transmissible infection management practices among
primary care physicians in Singapore. Sex Health. 2008 Sep;5(3):265-71.
Chan YC, Ng KY, Chan RK. The epidemiology and treatment of anogenital warts in Singapore: a retrospective
evaluation. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2002 Jul;31(4):502-8.
Sen P, Chio MT, Tan HH, Chan RK. Rising trends of STIs and HIV infection in Singapore-- a review of epidemiology
over the last 10 years (1994 to 2003). Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2006 Apr;35(4):229-35.
Tan HH, Chan RK, Goh CL. Sexually transmitted diseases in the older population in Singapore. Ann Acad Med
Singapore. 2002 Jul;31(4):493-6.
Tan HH, Soon T, Chan R. Quality improvement: experience of a sexually transmitted infection clinic in Singapore. Int
J STD AIDS. 2008 Dec;19(12):800-4.
Tan HH, Wong ML, Chan RK. An epidemiological and knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices study of sexually
transmitted infections in older men. Singapore Med J. 2006 Oct;47(10):886-91.
Theng CT, Sen PR, Chio TW, Tan HH, Wong ML, Chan RK. Seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus-1 and -2 in
attendees of a sexually transmitted infection clinic in Singapore. Sex Health. 2006 Dec;3(4):269-74.
Theng TS, Chan RK. Genital herpes in a sexually-transmitted infection clinic in Singapore: a 1-year retrospective
study. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2004 Mar;33(2):200-3.
Theng TS, Sen PR, Tan HH, Wong ML, Chan KW. Seroprevalence of HSV-1 and 2 among sex workers attending a
sexually transmitted infection clinic in Singapore. Int J STD AIDS. 2006 Jun;17(6):395-9.
Wee S, Barrett ME, Lian WM, Jayabaskar T, Chan KW. Determinants of inconsistent condom use with female sex
workers among men attending the STD clinic in Singapore. Sex Transm Infect. 2004 Aug;80(4):310-4.
Wong ML, Chan R, Koh D. Long-term effects of condom promotion programmes for vaginal and oral sex on sexually
transmitted infections among sex workers in Singapore. AIDS. 2004 May 21;18(8):1195-9.
Wong ML, Chan RK, Koh D, Barrett ME, Chew SK, Wee SS. A comparative study of condom use and self-reported
sexually transmitted infections between foreign Asian and local clients of sex workers in Singapore. Sex Transm Dis.
2005 Jul;32(7):439-45.
Premarital sexual intercourse among adolescents in an Asian country: multilevel ecological factors.
Wong ML, Chan RK, Koh D, Tan HH, Lim FS, Emmanuel S, Bishop G. Premarital sexual intercourse among adolescents
in an Asian country: multilevel ecological factors. Pediatrics. 2009 Jul;124(1):e44-52.
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Gopalakrishnakone D, Appan DP, Singh K. Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in Singaporean women undergoing
termination of pregnancy. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2009 May;38(5):457-4.
Tan HM, Marumo K, Yang DY, Hwang TI, Ong ML. Sex among Asian men and women: the Global Better Sex Survey
in Asia. Int J Urol. 2009 May;16(5):507-14; discussion 514-5.
Ong CW, Chio TW, Sen P, Tan HH, Hu Y, Chan R. Patients’ perception of health services for sexually transmitted
infections in Singapore. Singapore Med J. 2011 Jul;52(7):496-501.
Tuberculosis
Chee CB, James L. The Singapore Tuberculosis Elimination Programme: the first five years. Bull World Health Organ.
2003;81(3):217-21.
Chee CB, Teleman MD, Boudville IC, Do SE, Wang YT. Treatment of latent TB infection for close contacts as a
complementary TB control strategy in Singapore. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2004 Feb;8(2):226-31.
Chee CB, Teleman MD, Boudville IC, Wang YT. Contact screening and latent TB infection treatment in Singapore
correctional facilities. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2005 Nov;9(11):1248-52.
Chee CB, Wang YT, Teleman MD, Boudville IC, Chew SK. Treatment outcome of Singapore residents with pulmonary
tuberculosis in the first year after introduction of a computerised treatment surveillance module. Singapore Med J.
2006 Jun;47(6):529-33.
Low JG, Lee CC, Leo YS, Low JG, Lee CC, Leo YS. Severe acute respiratory syndrome and pulmonary tuberculosis.
Clin Infect Dis. 2004 Jun 15;38(12):e123-5.
Pek WY, Chee CB, Wang YT. Bacteriologically-negative pulmonary tuberculosis--the Singapore tuberculosis control
unit experience. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2002 Jan;31(1):92-6.
Phoa LL, Teleman MD, Wang YT, Chee CB. Characteristics of patients with delayed diagnosis of infectious pulmonary
tuberculosis. Respirology. 2005 Mar;10(2):196-200.
Teleman MD, Chee CB, Earnest A, Wang YT. Hepatotoxicity of tuberculosis chemotherapy under general programme
conditions in Singapore. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2002 Aug;6(8):699-705.
Low S, Ang LW, Cutter J, James L, Chee CB, Wang YT, Chew SK. Mortality among tuberculosis patients on treatment
in Singapore. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2009 Mar;13(3):328-34.
Cutter J, Wang YT. Tuberculosis - an under-appreciated disease. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2010 Mar; 39(3):261-2.
Kyi Win KM, Chee CB, Shen L, Wang YT, Cutter J. Tuberculosis among foreign-born persons, Singapore, 2000-2009.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2011 Mar;17(3):517-9.
Ong CW, Tambyah PA. The dollars and sense of managing drug-resistant tuberculosis in Singapore. Ann Acad Med
Singapore. 2011 Mar;40(3):113-5.
Phua CK, Chee CB, Chua AP, Gan SH, Ahmed AD, Wang YT. Managing a case of extensively drug-resistant (XDR)
pulmonary tuberculosis in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2011 Mar;40(3):132-5.
Leprosy
Seow CS. Leprosy – An Update for Clinicians. Bulletin for Medical Practitioners 1995. Available at http://www.nsc.gov.
sg/showpage.asp?id=312 (accessed on 11 April 2010).
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