ICT and power electronics enable high energy efficiency and power quality in smart grids for regional development Dr. Yonghua Cheng Unit of Energietechnologie, VITO - Flemish Institute for Technological Research Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium Tel: +32 (0)14 33 5982 and Fax: +32 (0)14 33 1185 E-mail: yonghua.cheng@vito.be Presented by Dr. Yonghua CHENG during Digital Cities Symposium on 23-24/09/2011 in Athens Introduction » There are three regions in Begium » Flanders » Brussels » Wallonia 24/09/2011 © 2011, VITO NV 2 Presented by Dr. Yonghua CHENG during Digital Cities Symposium on 23-24/09/2011 in Athens Introduction » In order to achieve the goal of 20,20,20, Large scale integration of renewable energy sources and Plug-in Electric Vehicles in the existing networks. » Current situation of balance settlement mainly in transmission networks. » TSO (transmission system operator) is to manage the balance of its control area. » BRPs (balance responsible party) must balance power on a quarter-hourly basis, (by nominations and imbalance tariffs). » DSO (Distribution system operator) is only doing the smart metering. 24/09/2011 © 2011, VITO NV 3 Presented by Dr. Yonghua CHENG during Digital Cities Symposium on 23-24/09/2011 in Athens Introduction » Many renewable energy systems and Plug-in EVs will be connected to the distribution networks. » Government incentive » Geen certificate for renewable energy (80 euro/MWh). » Low rate loan for the installation of PVs (1.5%). 24/09/2011 © 2011, VITO NV 4 Presented by Dr. Yonghua CHENG during Digital Cities Symposium on 23-24/09/2011 in Athens Introduction » ICT and Power Electronics enable smart grids and smart energy systems. » One of the strategy researches at VITO is the reference architecture of smart grids, smart building and smart city, in which ICT solution, Emarkets, Demand side management and Grid operation are focused. 24/09/2011 © 2011, VITO NV 5 Presented by Dr. Yonghua CHENG during Digital Cities Symposium on 23-24/09/2011 in Athens Main activities » A software package (virtual agent), is being developed, which can set up a virtual market between various power production and consumption parties. » VITO is also developing the intelligent power electronics systems to ensure the reliability of networks (in case of RES and Plug-in EVs). » With VITO technology, coordination via ICT infrastructure and grid control with intelligent power electronics can be done in different time scales. » As a result, the potential business cases and jobs are created to support the regional development (at least in Flanders). 24/09/2011 © 2011, VITO NV 6 Presented by Dr. Yonghua CHENG during Digital Cities Symposium on 23-24/09/2011 in Athens Methods of power management in smart grids » Based on the ICT infrastructure, the methods can be in » Agent-based control » Event-based control (e.g. price of electricity). » Power flow optimization (introducing a virtual agent in the server to generate an offset of power flow for the optimization in smart grid) Agent-based control The goal is to optimise power flow. Server qantity0 vs.price MV LV transformer qantity3 vs.price price qantity1 vs.price qantity2 vs.price price price Event-based control price Fluctuation event based source P5 agent 3 P3 virtual agent 0 P1 P2 P0 agent 1 agent 2 24/09/2011 © 2011, VITO NV P4 RES P_res P_loads event based loads other loads 7 Presented by Dr. Yonghua CHENG during Digital Cities Symposium on 23-24/09/2011 in Athens Active participation » Demand side management enables to reduce the cost or to increase income in household applications, since time shift-able loads/sources can response the price of electricity and the moment of high production of renewable energy. driven by micro-economics Demand side management (Server) quantity vs. price PV/WT park price K1 Sources & loads of office building2 Source &loads of dwelling1 K2 PV synchronous/ asynchronouse connection ... Source &loads of dwellingn microCHP WT AC/DC/AC Sources & loads of office building1 Source &loads of dwelling2 price energy storage TV eleccooker Frigo elecboiler washing machine Possible sources & loads of dwelling 24/09/2011 © 2011, VITO NV 8 Presented by Dr. Yonghua CHENG during Digital Cities Symposium on 23-24/09/2011 in Athens Active participation » As a result, the houses become smart and sustainable house/buildings. » Further plug-in EVs can be treated as a means of grid control. » ICT and Power electronics enable high energy efficiency and power quality in smart grids for regional development. driven by micro-economics Demand side management (Server) quantity vs. price PV/WT park price K1 Sources & loads of office building2 Source &loads of dwelling1 K2 PV synchronous/ asynchronouse connection AC DC EV1 DC DC1 charging station EV2 Super Caps DC DC2 possible other DC source/ loads EVn Source &loads of dwellingn energy storage TV eleccooker Frigo elecboiler washing machine Possible sources & loads of dwelling ... renewable energy sources Sources & loads of office building1 ... microCHP WT AC/DC/AC to AC grid (in power dispatching/ load following mode) Source &loads of dwelling2 price DC matrix 24/09/2011 © 2011, VITO NV 9 Presented by Dr. Yonghua CHENG during Digital Cities Symposium on 23-24/09/2011 in Athens The reference (on-going) projects Linear project (in Flemish region) » To assess the characteristics of electric power network due to the demand side management. » The evaluation is based on the field tests (in one house, many houses in different areas and many houses in the same area). » At this moment, a home lab has been developed with possible time shift-able sources and loads. 24/09/2011 © 2011, VITO NV 10 Presented by Dr. Yonghua CHENG during Digital Cities Symposium on 23-24/09/2011 in Athens Test platform of smart grids 24/09/2011 © 2011, VITO NV 11 Presented by Dr. Yonghua CHENG during Digital Cities Symposium on 23-24/09/2011 in Athens E-harbors 24/09/2011 © 2011, VITO NV 12 Presented by Dr. Yonghua CHENG during Digital Cities Symposium on 23-24/09/2011 in Athens The reference (on-going) projects E-harbors (in north sea region) » Nine European partners search for a more sustainable energy model for port cities (e.g. Antwerp, Rotterdam, Amsterdam and Hamburg). » Harbors are major energy consumers. They are also the good place to get renewable energy (e.g. solar, wind, tidal, biomass, …) and to be consumed locally. » As a result, port cities contribute significantly to reduce our region’s energy consumption and CO2 emission. 24/09/2011 © 2011, VITO NV 13 Presented by Dr. Yonghua CHENG during Digital Cities Symposium on 23-24/09/2011 in Athens 24/09/2011 © 2011, VITO NV 14 Presented by Dr. Yonghua CHENG during Digital Cities Symposium on 23-24/09/2011 in Athens The reference (on-going) projects Tweewaters project (in Flemish region) » An energy efficient district in Tweewaters, it is located along the Leuven Canal Basin (11-Hectare project area). » The systems approach is focused on to meet the future cities need (e.g. electricity, heat, water, waste, mobility, use of space, …). In particular, the development of smart and sustainable energy systems. » Ecology and comfortable living can be realized. 24/09/2011 © 2011, VITO NV 15 Presented by Dr. Yonghua CHENG during Digital Cities Symposium on 23-24/09/2011 in Athens EnergyVille 24/09/2011 © 2011, VITO NV 16 Presented by Dr. Yonghua CHENG during Digital Cities Symposium on 23-24/09/2011 in Athens The reference (on-going) projects Energyville in Waterschei (in Flemish region) » To set a good example with regards to energy efficiency, to make Flanders a green city region by 2020. » To contribute to making Europe CO2 neutral by 2050. » Energyville will be the driving force behind the transition to a sustainable energy supply as well as sustainable building for large urban environments. » EnergyVille will become the European hotspot for research into sustainable energy. » Energyville will create many business cases and jobs in Flemish region. 24/09/2011 © 2011, VITO NV 17 Presented by Dr. Yonghua CHENG during Digital Cities Symposium on 23-24/09/2011 in Athens Conclusions » ICT and Power Electronics enable smart grids, in which more renewable energy systems and plug-in EVs can be connected. » Smart and sustainable energy systems from building level to region level will realize ecology and comfortable living style. » The development of smart and sustainable energy systems will create more business cases and jobs in Flemish region as well as in Europe. Thank you very much! Question? Dr. Yonghua Cheng Unit of Energietechnologie, VITO - Flemish Institute for Technological Research Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium Tel: +32 (0)14 33 5982 and Fax: +32 (0)14 33 1185 E-mail: yonghua.cheng@vito.be 24/09/2011 © 2011, VITO NV 18