Ivanović, Lidija; Surla, Dušan: A software module for import of theses and dissertations to CRISs. In: Jeffery, Keith G;
Dvořák, Jan (eds.): E-Infrastructures for Research and Innovation: Linking Information Systems to Improve Scientific
Knowledge Production: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Current Research Information Systems (June 69, 2012, Prague, Czech Republic). Pp. 313-322. ISBN 978-80-86742-33-5. Available from: www.eurocris.org.
A software module for import of theses and
dissertations to CRISs
Lidija Ivanovića, Dušan Surlab
a
Faculty of Education, University of Novi Sad, Serbia
Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Serbia
b
Summary
This paper presents a module for import of theses and dissertations to CRISs. The main feature of the
module is support for various formats of metadata of theses and dissertations. The model is extensible with
plugins that provide support for import of other scientific-research results (papers published in journals,
papers published in conferences’ proceedings, monographs, etc.) in various metadata formats (Dublin Core,
ETD-MS, CERIF, etc.). The module imports data through a user interactive process by which consolidation
of data is achieved.
1
Introduction
Scientific-research results can be found in various systems accessible via Internet such as:
institutional repositories, digital libraries, publishers’ platforms, research information systems,
etc. Europe aims to create a unique database for all relevant scientific-research results. During the
two recent decades, CERIF standard for research information systems has been being developed.
Development of systems based on CERIF standard (called CRIS systems) is rapidly increased in
recent years.
It is evident that migration of data about scientific-research results from various systems to CRISs
is necessary. Because of diversity of sources from which data should be migrated, a module for
data import to CRISs should be able to import data in various metadata formats from various
sources. Furthermore, the module should provide support for consolidation of imported and
existing data.
The paper presents a software module for import of theses and dissertations implemented for the
CRIS of the University of Novi Sad (CRIS UNS). The module software architecture is extensible
with plugins for import of theses and dissertations from various sources, as well as for import of
other types of scientific-research results. Moreover, import of data through interactive userinterface enables creation of database of unique authority records about authors, advisors, boards’
members and institutions where theses and dissertations have been defended. The proposed
software module can be easily adopted for data migration between other software systems.
The module was verified by migration of data from Digital library of bachelor theses, master
theses and doctoral dissertations of the University of Novi Sad (DIGLIB UNS) to CRIS UNS.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
1
Ivanović, Lidija; Surla, Dušan: A software module for import of theses and dissertations to CRISs. In: Jeffery, Keith G;
Dvořák, Jan (eds.): E-Infrastructures for Research and Innovation: Linking Information Systems to Improve Scientific
Knowledge Production: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Current Research Information Systems (June 69, 2012, Prague, Czech Republic). Pp. 313-322. ISBN 978-80-86742-33-5. Available from: www.eurocris.org.
2
Related work
Nowadays, important part of scientific knowledge is available via published scientific-research
results in digital form along with associated metadata accessible through various applications such
as digital libraries, research information systems, institutional repositories, etc. In recent years, the
relationship between those systems and possibility of integration of those systems is discussed
(Joint 2008; Krause 2002). The paper (Dijk et al. 2006) describes the NARCIS portal that is
access point to all scientific-research data created by researchers from the Netherlands. That
system joins scientific-research information system and Digital Academic Repositories
(DARENET) in the Netherlands. Furthermore, the paper (Olivier 2009) presents collaboration
between scientific-research information system and digital library of the University of Pretoria.
Moreover, there is similar collaboration between scientific-research information system and
institutional repository of the University of Glasgow (Nixon 2010). DRIVER is a global network
of institutional repositories (Peters & Lossau 2011).
Purpose of integration of systems containing scientific-research data is to avoid or reduce
duplicating input of the same data in various systems, as well as to increase quality of services
based on those data. Existing attempts of integration of systems containing scientific-research
data are based on data models that can store metadata about scientific-research results prescribed
by various standards. One such model is CERIF compatible data model based on MARC 21
format (Ivanović et al. 2011a). Metadata about theses and dissertations in Dublin Core, ETD-MS,
MARC 21 and CERIF format can be mapped to this model (Ivanović et al. 2012a).
3
Module architecture
The module imports complete network of objects related to target objects that should be imported
into a CRIS. For example, import of theses and dissertations beside target objects
(Theses/Dissertations) also imports the following related objects: Institutions (where thesis is
defended), Persons (authors, advisors, boards’ members). The module is implemented using Java
platform, JSF technology and open source libraries written in Java. The module architecture is
shown in Figure 1 by UML components diagram.
Dublin_Core_Reader
Institution_Importer
MARC_21_Reader
Import_Manager
CERIF_Reader
Records_List
Person_Importer
Import_Record
DIGLIB_UNS_Reader
Thesis_Dissertation_Importer
Figure 1. The module component diagram
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
2
Ivanović, Lidija; Surla, Dušan: A software module for import of theses and dissertations to CRISs. In: Jeffery, Keith G;
Dvořák, Jan (eds.): E-Infrastructures for Research and Innovation: Linking Information Systems to Improve Scientific
Knowledge Production: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Current Research Information Systems (June 69, 2012, Prague, Czech Republic). Pp. 313-322. ISBN 978-80-86742-33-5. Available from: www.eurocris.org.
The module consists of:
• Reader components (Dublin_Core_Reader,
DIGLIB_UNS_Reader),
• Importer
components
Thesis_Dissertation_Importer),
MARC_21_Reader,
(Institution_Importer,
CERIF_Reader,
Person_Importer,
• The Import_Manager component
Reader components are intended to transfer input data from various formats (Dublin Core, MARC
21, CERIF, DIGLIB UNS, etc.) to list of objects. Scalability of the Reader components:
• The module for data import is extensible with a new Reader component that provides
support for import of a new metadata format.
• Also, the existed Reader components can be extended to provide support for
transformation of other scientific-research results such as: papers published in journals
(Papers – the target objects, Journals and Persons – the related objects), papers published
in the conferences’ proceedings (Papers – the target objects, Conferences, Proceedings,
Persons – the related objects), i.e., the Reader components can be extended to provide
support for transformation of input metadata format to extended list of objects (not
limited to Institutions, Persons, Theses/Dissertations).
Importer components are intended to establish relations between the module and a CRIS. The
appropriate Importer component performs the following functions for an object that should be
imported (Institution, Person, Thesis/Dissertation):
• Checks whether the object already exists in the CRIS. Shows all objects stored in the
CRIS’s database which metadata meet the criteria of similarity with the metadata of the
object. Objects could be ordered or even more an object can be automatically selected
according to decisions previously made by user. It will enable the system to learn from
the user decisions during massive migrations in order to set up real-time import services
for data updates. The criteria of similarity of two metadata is defined as follows:
o The Levenshtein distance (edit distance) between two words must be less than
or equal to the integer quotient which is obtained by dividing the number of
characters of longer word with five.
o If shorter of the metadata (with fewer words) has more than 5 words, then the
previous criteria are valid for 80% of the words.
o Cyrillic and Latin scripts are equal.
• Store the object’s metadata by the following algorithm:
o If there is no dilemma whether the same object already exists in the CRIS’s
database, the Importer component stores the object as a new record in the
CRIS’s database.
o Whenever there is dilemma whether the same object already exists in the
CRIS’s database, the module shows a potentially the same object, and the user
who started the import has to decide what to do with the object’s metadata:
§ Leave metadata that already exist in the CRIS’s database,
§ Overwrite existing metadata with the object metadata,
§ Perform merging of metadata controlled by the user,
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
3
Ivanović, Lidija; Surla, Dušan: A software module for import of theses and dissertations to CRISs. In: Jeffery, Keith G;
Dvořák, Jan (eds.): E-Infrastructures for Research and Innovation: Linking Information Systems to Improve Scientific
Knowledge Production: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Current Research Information Systems (June 69, 2012, Prague, Czech Republic). Pp. 313-322. ISBN 978-80-86742-33-5. Available from: www.eurocris.org.
§ Store the object’s metadata as a new record.
The Import_Manager component coordinates the whole process of data import:
• Invokes appropriate Reader component to create a list of objects from input metadata
format,
• For each object from the list the Import_Manager component invokes appropriate Import
component that imports the object.
If the module for import data is extended with support for transformation of new type of scientific
results (e.g. papers published in journals) to the extended list of objects, some Importer
component (e.g. Journal_Importer) must be added to check existence and to import the new type
of objects (e.g. Journal).
4
Case study: migration of data from DIGLIB UNS to CRIS
UNS
The proposed module for data import is verified by migration of data from Digital Library of
bachelor theses, master theses and doctoral dissertations of the University of Novi Sad (DIGLIB
UNS) to CRIS of the University of Novi Sad (CRIS UNS). Data about bachelor theses, master
theses and doctoral dissertations, data about institutions on which theses and dissertations have
been defended, as well as data about authors, advisors and boards’ members have been migrated.
As we already stated, DIGLIB UNS and CRIS UNS has been developed by the same institution.
Therefore, component DIGLIB_UNS_Reader has had direct access to relation database of the
DIGLIB UNS system, i.e., format of imported data has been defined by schema of relation
database of DIGLIB UNS. So, the imported data haven’t been in XML format; data have been
read from database management system (DBMS) that stores DIGLIB UNS data. This is a case
study of using module for import described in this paper, but it is evident that data for import can
be obtained by various protocols such as Z39.50, SRU, OAI-PMH, and data can be in various
formats defined by XML schemas or ontologies for describing a semantic web service.
4.1 DIGLIB UNS
DIGLIB UNS (http://www.diglib.uns.ac.rs/) is digital library of bachelor theses, master theses and
PhD dissertations developed for the needs of University of Novi Sad. The system is in use since
2002. Theses and dissertations in this system can be described using set of metadata by two
languages: Serbian and English. The set of metadata is prescribed by the University of Novi Sad
and includes: author, advisor, board’s chair, board’s member, title, subject / keywords, abstract,
note, language, physical description [chapters / pages / references / tables / pictures / graphs /
appendixes], publisher, publication year, record type, thesis type (bachelor thesis, master thesis,
PhD dissertation), scientific field, scientific discipline, accepted by competent scientific
institution on [date], institution (name, city and address, country), defended on [date], holding
data. Besides those metadata, electronic theses are also stored (pdf, doc, etc.). Development of
this system is described in the papers (Zarić et al. 2004; Zarić & Surla 2004; Milosavljević &
Konjović 2004). The system provides searching theses and dissertations via Internet using the
followings metadata: keywords, title, abstract, extended abstract, author, scientific field and
scientific discipline.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
4
Ivanović, Lidija; Surla, Dušan: A software module for import of theses and dissertations to CRISs. In: Jeffery, Keith G;
Dvořák, Jan (eds.): E-Infrastructures for Research and Innovation: Linking Information Systems to Improve Scientific
Knowledge Production: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Current Research Information Systems (June 69, 2012, Prague, Czech Republic). Pp. 313-322. ISBN 978-80-86742-33-5. Available from: www.eurocris.org.
4.2 CRIS UNS
CRIS UNS (http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/) is CERIF-compatible scientific-research information system developed for needs of the University of Novi Sad. The system has been under development
since 2008 within BISIS project (http://www.bisis.uns.ac.rs/). The system is built on CERIFcompatible data model based on MARC 21 format described in the paper (Ivanović et al. 2011a).
This compatible model stores CERIF prescribed data about publications, patents, products, persons (researchers), projects, events and part of data set about organization units using appropriate
MARC 21 format (bibliography and authority). For example, an instance of the CERIF entity ResultPublication and entities connected with it (ResultPublicationBiblNote, ResultPublicationTitle,
ResultPublicationSubtitle, ResultPublicationNameAbbrev, ResultPublicationKeywords, ResultPublicationAbstract) are mapped to an instance of MARC 21 bibliographic record. The first phase
of system implementation is main subject of the paper (Ivanović et al. 2010; Milosavljević et al.
2011). Automatic extraction of metadata from scientific publications for CRIS systems is described in the paper (Kovačević et al. 2011). Published results from the CRIS UNS database are
publically available via Internet. Results metadata are entered by researchers, and researchers do
not have to know CERIF and MARC 21 format. The CRIS UNS system besides international
requirements prescribed by CERIF standard meets requirements related to results evaluation prescribed by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Serbia. Therefore, the system
data model is extended with a few entities as it is described in the paper (Ivanović et al. 2011b).
Data model and system architecture enables easy integration of CRIS UNS with librarian information systems, and enables interoperability between CRIS UNS and other CERIF-compatible
scientific-research information systems of European country.
The second phase of CRIS UNS development includes integration of institutional repositories of
theses and dissertations of the University of Novi Sad with the CRIS UNS system, i.e. extension
of the CRIS UNS system with subsystem that enables input of metadata about theses as well as
electronic theses (pdf, doc, etc.). Theses and dissertations can be described by languages
prescribed by MARC 21 (http://www.loc.gov/marc/languages/langhome.html) using the
following set of metadata: author, advisor, board’s chair, board’s member, title, alternative title,
subtitle, keywords, abstract, extended abstract, note, language, ISBN, physical description, UDC,
publisher, publication date, record type, content format, URI, access rights, thesis type (bachelor
thesis, master thesis, PhD dissertation), name of author degree after defence, level of education,
scientific field, scientific discipline, accepted by competent scientific institution on [date],
institution, defended on [date], holding data. Metadata about theses and dissertations in Dublin
Core, ETD-MS, MARC 21 and CERIF format can be mapped to the CRIS UNS model (Ivanović
et al. 2012a). The second phase of CRIS UNS development is described in the paper (Ivanović et
al. 2012b).
4.3 Data mappings
Set of metadata for describing theses and dissertations within the DIGLIB UNS system is subset
of metadata for describing theses and dissertations within the CRIS UNS system. The Table 1
shows in which way are DIGLIB UNS metadata about theses mapped to CRIS UNS metadata
about theses. The first column holds names of DIGLIB UNS metadata, the second column holds
names of appropriate CRIS UNS metadata, and the third column describes method of metadata
storing in the data model of CRIS UNS system. As we already stated, data about published results
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
5
Ivanović, Lidija; Surla, Dušan: A software module for import of theses and dissertations to CRISs. In: Jeffery, Keith G;
Dvořák, Jan (eds.): E-Infrastructures for Research and Innovation: Linking Information Systems to Improve Scientific
Knowledge Production: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Current Research Information Systems (June 69, 2012, Prague, Czech Republic). Pp. 313-322. ISBN 978-80-86742-33-5. Available from: www.eurocris.org.
within the CRIS UNS system are stored using the MARC 21 bibliographic records, instead of the
CERIF entity cfResultPublication. Therefore, the CERIF entity cfResultPublication_Class in the
CRIS UNS data model is renamed to MARC21Record_Class.
DIGLIB UNS
CRIS UNS
Method of storing
author
advisor
board’s chair
board’s member
title
subject / keywords
abstract
note
language
physical description [chapters
/ pages / references / tables /
pictures / graphs /
appendixes]
publisher
publication year
record type
-
author
advisor
board’s chair
board’s member
title
alternative title
subtitle
keywords
abstract
extended abstract
note
language
ISBN
M21 df: 100 (1#) a
M21 df: 700 (1#) a
M21 df: 700 (1#) a
M21 df: 700 (1#) a
M21 df: 245 (00) a
M21 df: 246 (0#) a
M21 df: 245 (00) b
M21 df: 653 (##) a
M21 df: 520 (3#) a
M21 df: 520 (##) a
M21 df: 500 (##) a
M21 cf: 008 (35-37)
M21 df: 020 (##) a
physical description
M21 df: 300 (##) a
UDK
publisher
publication date
record type
content format
URI
access rights
M21 df: 080 (##) a
M21 df: 260 (##) b
M21 df: 260 (##) c
M21 ld: 6
M21 df: 856 (##) q
M21 df: 856 (##) u
M21 df: 540 (##) a
entity
MARC21Record_Class
thesis type
thesis type
-
name of author degree after
defence
level of education
scientific field
scientific field
scientific discipline
scientific discipline
accepted by competent
scientific institution on
institution (name, city and
address, country)
defended on
holding data
accepted by competent
scientific institution on
M21 df: 502 (##) g
institution
M21 df: 502 (##) c
defended on
holding data
M21 df: 502 (##) g
M21 df: 852 (##) a
-
M21 df: 502 (##) a
M21 df: 502 (##) b
entity
MARC21Record_Class
entity
MARC21Record_Class
Table 1. Data mappings
If a metadata is mapped to a particular data field of MARC21 record, method of storing (the third
column of Table 1) is presented in the following syntax:
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6
Ivanović, Lidija; Surla, Dušan: A software module for import of theses and dissertations to CRISs. In: Jeffery, Keith G;
Dvořák, Jan (eds.): E-Infrastructures for Research and Innovation: Linking Information Systems to Improve Scientific
Knowledge Production: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Current Research Information Systems (June 69, 2012, Prague, Czech Republic). Pp. 313-322. ISBN 978-80-86742-33-5. Available from: www.eurocris.org.
M21 df: <data field code> (<indicator1><indicator2>) <subfield code>
The character # indicates that indicator is not defined.
If a metadata is mapped to a particular character position of MARC21 record leader, method of
storing is shown in the following syntax:
M21 ld: <character position>
If a metadata is mapped to a particular control field of MARC21 record, method of storing is
shown in the following syntax:
M21 cf: <control field code> (<start>-<end character position>)
Numeration of character positions starts with 0 at leader and control fields.
4.4 The migration overview
Data migration from the DIGLIB UNS system to the CRIS UNS system can be started by
selecting a menu item allowed just for admin account. After that, the DIGLIB_UNS_Reader
component (Figure 1) using Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) opens a connection to the
database management system (DBMS) that stores the DIGLIB UNS data. The component using
this connection retrieves a list of records that have to be imported: Institutions, Persons,
Theses/Dissertations. After the list has been retrieved the Import_Manager component (Figure 1)
coordinates import of Institutions, then import of Persons and at the end import of
Theses/Dissertations, i.e. the component invokes appropriate Importer components. Whenever
there is dilemma whether the imported object already exists in the CRIS’s database, the module
for import provides a list of similar objects using the dialog shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2. Similar records
The user who started the import has to decide what should be done with the imported object’s
metadata. The module provides the followings options:
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7
Ivanović, Lidija; Surla, Dušan: A software module for import of theses and dissertations to CRISs. In: Jeffery, Keith G;
Dvořák, Jan (eds.): E-Infrastructures for Research and Innovation: Linking Information Systems to Improve Scientific
Knowledge Production: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Current Research Information Systems (June 69, 2012, Prague, Czech Republic). Pp. 313-322. ISBN 978-80-86742-33-5. Available from: www.eurocris.org.
• Leave metadata that already exist in the CRIS’s database: the button
„Select institution“,
in the column
• Overwrite existing metadata with the imported object metadata: the button
column „Change“,
in the
• Perform merging of metadata controlled by the user: the button
in the column
„Merge“,
• Store the object’s metadata as a new record: the button „Save“ stores imported object’s
metadata without changes; the button „Change“ opens form for changing metadata and
after that stores metadata.
If the user selects to merge the data, the form shown in Figure 3 is opened. The user on this form
can see imported object’s metadata (within the input fields) as well as metadata of existing object
in the CRIS UNS system database (messages next to the images ) that should be merged with
the imported object.
Figure 3. Records merging
5
Conclusions
It is evident that data about scientific-research results are scattered throughout various systems.
Interoperability of those systems is very important, i.e., data exchange between those systems is a
requirement of the highest priority. The main goal of the CRISs is collecting of all relevant data
related to scientific-research results of university, state or region. To achieve this goal faster and
easier, migrations of data from various sources in CRISs are necessary. Thus creation of a flexible
module for data import in various formats from various systems is very important. This paper
presents such a flexible module for data import into CRISs. The module is extensible with plugins
that provide support for new metadata formats and new types of scientific-research results.
Usage of the presented software module for import data about theses and dissertations in CRIS
UNS system enables consolidation of authority data (institutions, persons who are the authors of
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
8
Ivanović, Lidija; Surla, Dušan: A software module for import of theses and dissertations to CRISs. In: Jeffery, Keith G;
Dvořák, Jan (eds.): E-Infrastructures for Research and Innovation: Linking Information Systems to Improve Scientific
Knowledge Production: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Current Research Information Systems (June 69, 2012, Prague, Czech Republic). Pp. 313-322. ISBN 978-80-86742-33-5. Available from: www.eurocris.org.
theses and dissertations, advisors and board’s members). Consolidated authority data increased
quality of service for generation of various reports about scientific-research activities for
faculties’ and university’s management, as well as for generation of reports for Ministry of
Education and Science of the Republic of Serbia and Provincial secretariat for Science and
Technological Development of Vojvodina.
Acknowledgements
The work is partially supported by Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Serbia,
through project no. OI174023: "Intelligent techniques and their integration into wide-spectrum
decision support".
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Contact Information
Lidija Ivanović
University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Education
Podgorička 4
25000 Sombor
Serbia
lidija.ivanovic@pef.uns.ac.rs
Dušan Surla
University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences
Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3
21000 Novi Sad
Serbia
surla@uns.ac.rs
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
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