The American
Journal of
Publisher
H. W. Haase
Executive Vice President
DENTISTRY
William G. Hartman
Director, Journal Publications
ISSN 2162-2833 (print)
ISSN 2162-2841 (online)
Editor-in-Chief
Richard J. Simonsen, DDS, MS
Professor and Dean, College of Dentistry
Executive Director, University Dental Hospital
University of Sharjah
Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
richardjsimonsen@gmail.com
Editorial Board
Luiz Narciso Baratieri, DDS, MSD, PhD
Joel H. Berg, DDS, MS
Markus B. Blatz, DMD, PhD
Jeff Brucia, DDS
John R. Calamia, DMD
Alexander Carroll, DDS, MBA
David Chambers, EdM, MBA, PhD
Gordon J. Christensen, DDS, MSD, PhD
Theodore P. Croll, DDS
Alessandro Devigus, Dr Med Dent
Sillas Duarte Jr, DDS, MS, PhD
Newton Fahl Jr, DDS, MS
Jack L. Ferracane, PhD
Ronald E. Goldstein, DDS
Laura C. Kottemann, DMD
Gerard Kugel, DMD, MS, PhD
Tyler P. Lasseigne, DDS, CDT
Pascal Magne, Dr Med Dent, PhD
Tidu Mankoo, BDS
Assad F. Mora, DDS, MSD
Marc L. Nevins, DMD, MMSc
Vijay Parashar, DDS, MS
Ariel J. Raigrodski, DMD, MS
André V. Ritter, DDS, MS
Richard D. Roblee, DDS, MS
David D. Rolf II, DMD, MS
Lori A. Bateman
Production Manager
Diane J. Curran
Editorial, Advertising, and Subscriptions
Quintessence Publishing Co, Inc
4350 Chandler Drive, Hanover Park, IL 60133
Tel: (630) 736-3600. Fax: (630) 736-3633
Toll-free (US/Canada): (800) 621-0387
Advertising Email: splinski@quintbook.com
Subsription Email: mhartman@quintbook.com
Web site: www.quintpub.com
Subscription rates (includes online version):
Regular rate for North America is $188; $330 institutional. International rate (outside North America)
is $218 regular; $360 institutional. International
subscribers add $30 to international rate for air mail.
Special student rate is $110 ($140 international);
verification of student status required on submission
of subscription order.
AJED is published quarterly by Quintessence Publishing Co, Inc. Postmaster: Send address changes to
Quintessence Publishing Co, Inc, 4350 Chandler Drive,
Hanover Park, IL 60133, USA.
Copyright © 2013 by Quintessence Publishing Co,
Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in USA. No part of this
journal may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information and
retrieval system, without permission in writing from
the publisher. The publisher and editors assume no
responsibility for unsolicited manuscripts. The views
expressed herein are those of the individual authors
and are not necessarily those of the publisher. Information included herein is not professional advice and
is not intended to replace the judgment of a practitioner with respect to particular patients, procedures,
or practices. To the extent permissible under applicable laws, the publisher disclaims responsibility for
any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a
result of any actual or alleged libelous statements, infringement of intellectual property or other proprietary
or privacy rights, or from the use or operation of any
ideas, instructions, procedures, products, or methods
contained in the material herein.
Permission to photocopy items solely for internal or
personal use, and for the internal and personal use of
specific clients, is granted by Quintessence Publishing
Co, Inc, for libraries and other users registered with
the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) Transaction
Reporting Service, provided that the base fee of $5
per article plus $.10 per page is paid directly to CCC,
222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 (www.
copyright.com). Identify this publication by including
the fee code: 2162-2833/13 $5 + $.10.
Gwenlynn Werner, DMD
Advertising Policy: All advertising appearing in
AJED must be approved by the editorial staff. The publication of an advertisement is not to be construed as an
endorsement or approval by the journal or its publisher
of the quantity or value of the advertised products or
services or of any of the representations or claims made
by the advertisers.
David Winkler, DDS
Printed in USA.
Leo E. Rouse, DDS
Frank Spear, DDS, MSD
Douglas A. Terry, DDS