Information
Technology, the
Internet, and You
Chapter 1
Computing
Essentials 2014
Edited/Modified by Nicole Tobias
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized
for sale for
or distribution
in any manner.
This document
may notmay
be copied,
scanned,
authorized
sale or distribution
in any manner.
This document
not be copied,
scanned,
duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Competencies (Page 1 of 3)
 Explain the parts of an information system:
people, procedures, software, hardware,
data, and connectivity.
 Distinguish between system software and
application software.
 Discuss the three kinds of system software
programs.
 Define and compare general purpose,
specialized, and mobile applications.
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned,
duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
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Competencies (Page 2 of 3)
 Identify the four types of computers and
the four types of microcomputers.
 Describe the different types of computer
hardware, including the system unit, input,
output, storage, and communication
devices.
 Define data and describe document,
worksheet, database, and presentation
files.
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
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Competencies (Page 3 of 3)
 Explain computer connectivity, the wireless
revolution, the Internet, and cloud
computing.
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
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Introduction
 Computer competency
 refers to acquiring computer-related skills.
 Information systems are involved in many of the
things we encounter each day.
 Microcomputers are common in all areas of life.
 New forms of learning have developed providing
numerous alternatives for people to become
educated without physically attending classes
 The Web provides new avenues of communication
for people to purchase goods, communication and
share similar interests.
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
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Parts of an Information System
 People
 Procedures
 Software
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
 Hardware
 Data
 Connectivity
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
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Parts of an Information System
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
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Parts of an Information System
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
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Concept Check
 What is a program?
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
 What is the difference
between data and
information?
Computing Essentials 2014
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People
 Most important part of any system
 Contact is
 Direct
 Indirect
 Computer uses
 Entertainment
 Business
 Medicine
 Education
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
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Software
 What are the two major kinds of software?
 System Software
 Application Software
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
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System Software
 Enables application software to interact with the
computer hardware
 Background software helps manage resources
 Three types of programs
 Operating Systems
 Utilities
 Device Drivers
 Operating System
 Coordinates computer resources
 Provides the user interface
 Runs applications
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
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Application Software
 End user software
 Three Types of Application Software
 General-purpose
 Specialized
 Mobile
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
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Hardware – Types of Computers
 Supercomputers
 Mainframe computers
 Midrange computers
 Microcomputers
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
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Supercomputers
 Most powerful type of computer
 They are special high-capacity computers
used by very large applications
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
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Mainframe Computers
 Capable of great processing speeds and data
storage.
 Less powerful than Supercomputers
 Maintained in specially wired, air-conditioned
rooms.
 Ex.
 Insurance companies use them to process
information about millions of policyholders
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Midrange Computers
 Also known as servers
 Less powerful than a mainframe computer but
more powerful than microcomputers.
 Originally used by medium sized companies or
departments of large companies to support
processing needs.
 Today, they are most widely used to support and
serve end users for specific needs
 Retrieving data from a database
 Supplying access to application software
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Microcomputers
 The least powerful, yet most widely used
and fastest growing type
 There are four different types
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Microcomputer Types
 Desktop
 Notebook or laptop
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
 Tablet PC
 Handheld
Computing Essentials 2014
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Microcomputer Hardware Categories
 System Unit
 Input/Output
Devices
 Secondary Storage
 Communication
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
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0
A Take Away about the size of the Types
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
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Data
 Raw, unprocessed
facts
 Includes:
 Text
 Numbers
 Images
 Sounds
 Etc.
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
 Four Common Types:
 Document Files
 Worksheet Files
 Database Files
 Presentation Files
Computing Essentials 2014
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned,
duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Connectivity, the Wireless Revolution, the
Internet, and Cloud Computing
 Connectivity
 Sharing of information
 Wireless communication has widespread use
 Computer networks
 Connected communication system of computers
 Largest network is the Internet
 Cloud Computing
 Uses the Internet and the Web to shift many
computer activities from a user’s computer to
computers on the Internet
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
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Connectivity, the Wireless Revolution, the
Internet, and Cloud Computing
 The Wireless Revolution
 A revolution that will dramatically effect
the way we communicate and use
technology.
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
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Careers in IT
 For a complete listing of careers, visit
http://www.computing2014.com/ keyword: careers
Career
Description
Webmaster
Develops and maintains websites and web resources. See
page 51
Software Engineer
Analyzes users’ needs and creates application software. See
page 82
Computer Support Specialist
Provides technical support to customers and other users. See
page 112
Computer Technician
Repairs and install computer components and systems. See
page 141
Technical Writer
Prepares instruction manuals, technical reports, and other
scientific or technical documents. See page 174
Network Administrator
Creates and maintains computer networks. See page 229
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
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duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
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A Look to the Future
 The Internet and the Web
 Powerful Software
 Powerful Hardware
 Security and Privacy
 Organizations
 Changing Times
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned,
duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
2
6
Open-Ended Questions (Page 1 of 2)
 Explain the five parts of an information system.
What part do people play in this system?
 What is system software? What kinds of programs
are included in system software?
 Define and compare general-purpose, specialized,
and mobile application software. Describe some
different types of general-purpose applications.
Describe some types of specialized applications.
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned,
duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
27
Open-Ended Questions (Page 2 of 2)
 Describe the different types of computers.
What is the most common type? What are
the types of microcomputers?
 What is connectivity? What are wireless
devices and the wireless revolution? What
is a computer network? What are the
Internet and the Web? What is cloud
computing?
Information Technology, the Internet, and You
Computing Essentials 2014
© 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned,
duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
28