ADDITIONS TO THE FLORA OF FLORIDA, U.S.A. (2010–2015)
Alan R. Franck1
Loran C. Anderson2
1 Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology
2Department of Biological Science
Florida State University
319 Stadium Drive
Tallahassee, Florida 32306, U.S.A.
anderson@bio.fsu.edu
University of South Florida
4202 E. Fowler Avenue
Tampa, Florida 33620, U.S.A.
afranck@mail.usf.edu
James R. Burkhalter3
Stephen Dickman4
3Michael I. Cousens Herbarium
University of West Florida
11000 University Parkway
Pensacola, Florida 32514, U.S.A.
jburkhalter@uwf.edu
4Hillsborough County Conservation and
Environmental Lands Management Department
10225 Woodstock Road
Odessa, Florida 33556, U.S.A.
dickmans@hillsboroughcounty.org
abstract
Eighty-five taxa have been added to the flora of Florida since the last edition of the Guide to the Vascular Plants of Florida. This report summarizes details of their occurrences in Florida. To our knowledge, 62 are reported here for the first time for the native and naturalized flora
of Florida.
resumen
Se han añadido ochenta y cinco taxa a la flora de Florida desde la última edición de la Guide to the Vascular Plants of Florida. Este informe
resume los detalles de sus ocurrencias en Florida. Según nuestro conocimiento, 62 se citan aquí por primera vez para la flora nativa y naturalizada de Florida.
This is a summary of the 85 native or naturalized taxa added to the flora of Florida since the third edition of the
Guide to the Vascular Plants of Florida (Wunderlin & Hansen 2011). Most of these taxa (62) are believed to be
reported for Florida for the first time here (with the exception that they are already present online [Wunderlin
et al. 2016]). The remaining taxa have been reported in other publications. Nearly all the taxa listed here are
treated as non-native except for three recently described species and Boerhavia coccinea, Cuscuta boldhingii,
Eupatorium hyssopifolium, Polygonum arifolium, Quercus ×beadlei, and Schoenoplectus subterminalis. Concomitant with this publication, we have become aware of several more potentially native or naturalized plant taxa
in Florida but these have not been included due to time constraints.
We have attempted to include only taxa that are reproducing and dispersing in Florida, but inevitably,
some taxa listed here possibly only represent waifs or may be persisting from cultivation. In the absence of additional information, we have opted for a comprehensive and inclusive approach and thus use the term naturalized in the broad sense (cf., Nesom 2000).
This list is divided into three categories: 1) recently described species occurring in Florida, 2) taxa new to
the continental USA, and 3) taxa new to Florida. We have used the caret symbol (^) to denote taxa that we believe are reported here for Florida for the first time.
recently described species occurring in florida (3 taxa)
Three species native to Florida were recently described and are recognized here.
Carex austrodeflexa P.D. McMillan et al. (Cyperaceae). This species was recently described in Sorrie et al.
(2011), and is native to the southeastern Coastal Plain, including two counties in the Florida panhandle. This
species has strongly pappilose perigynia.
J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 10(1): 175 – 190. 2016
This document is intended for digital-device reading only.
Inquiries regarding distributable and open access versions may be directed to jbrit@brit.org.
176 Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 10(1)
Dicerandra fumella Huck (Lamiaceae). This species was recently described by Huck (2010) and occurs in the
Florida panhandle. It is characterized by its rugose, hispid linear leaves 1–5 mm wide and cordate upper lobe
of the corolla.
Rhynchospora marliniana Naczi et al. (Cyperaceae). This species was recently described by Naczi et al.
(2012) and is native to Mexico, Central America, and the southeastern USA (including the Florida panhandle).
It is similar to R. plumosa Elliott but differs by having perianth bristles plumose only at the base of the achene
and exceeding the tubercle (vs. bristles plumose at least in basal half and not exceeding the tubercle in R. plumosa) and proximal leaf bases dark brown and shiny (vs. pale brown and dull).
new to the continental u. s. a . (51 taxa)
Since Wunderlin and Hansen (2011), 51 taxa have been added to the flora of Florida that are also thought to be
new to the flora of the continental USA. To our knowledge (e.g., USDA, NRCS 2016), 41 of these are reported
here for the first time for the flora of the continental USA, while ten listed here were reported previously.
^Abutilon grandifolium (Willd.) Sweet (Malvaceae). Native to South America, Florida specimens of this species were previously identified as A. permolle (Willd.) Sweet. This species can be distinguished from other
species of Abutilon Mill. in Florida by its yellow petals and pilose stems and petioles.
Voucher specimens: Hillsborough Co.: Washington Street, E of US 41 (50th Street) and railroad tracks. T29S, R19E, Sec. 22, 23 Jun 2010,
Batty 130 (FLAS, USF); Tampa, E side of 34th Street, underneath the Crosstown Expressway, next to a canal and just W of the McKay Bay
Environmental Area, disturbed vegetation, 19 May 2001, Batty 110 (FLAS, USF).
^Acisanthera erecta J. St.-Hil. (Melastomataceae). Native to the Neotropics, this species can be recognized by
its herbaceous habit, capsular fruit, and 5-parted flowers. Acisanthera quadrata Pers., nom. illeg., based on the
same type, is commonly used in the literature but was published later in the same year (1805) as A. erecta.
Voucher specimen: Collier Co.: Picayune Strand State Forest, 1.82 km W of SW 86th Street, 8.43 km S of I-75, 21.5 air km SE of downtown
Naples. 26°4'39"N 81°35'18"W, fire breaks and recently burned hydric flatwoods, 6 Oct 2006, Woodmansee et al. 1766 (USF).
^Aeschynomene fluitans Peter (Fabaceae). Native to Africa, this species is easily distinguished by its prostrate
or floating habit and glabrous stems.
Voucher specimen: Hillsborough Co.: Lake Dosson, 28°7'23"N 82°31'32"W, 5 Oct 2011, Schmitt & Thompson s.n. (USF).
^Anthurium schlechtendalii Kunth (Araceae). Native to Mexico and Central America, this “bird’s nest” Anthurium Schott has trapezoidal to quadrangular petioles, coriaceous spathes, tapered spadices, and bright red
berries (Croat 1991). Florida specimens of this species were misidentified as A. hookeri Kunth, a species characterized by black punctate leaves.
Voucher specimens: Broward Co.: Long Key Natural Area; 0.5 mi. N of Orange Grove on Flamingo Road, ca. 2.5 mi. WNW of Cooper City,
T50S, R40E, Secs. 23 and 26, 15 Sep 2010, Howell 1163 (USF); ibid., Howell 1164 (USF).
^Aspidistra elatior Blume (Ruscaceae). A diverse genus centered around China and Vietnam, this species is
widely cultivated and allegedly endemic to Japan (Averyanov & Tillich 2012).
Voucher specimens: Escambia Co.: Pensacola, neglected vacant lot E of P Street, ca. 70 ft N of intersection with Avery Street, 30.4313°N,
87.2417°W, 15 Mar 2014, Burkhalter & Flynn 24579 (UWFP). Gadsden Co.: Sycamore rural area, 30.587°N, 84.824°W, 30 Aug 2014, Anderson
28370 (FSU). Leon Co.: Timberlane Ravine Park (S of I-10, W of Timberlane School Road) in Tallahassee, moist, semi-shaded loam by trail
along edge of woods, 30.499°N, 84.263°W, 8 Sep 2014, Anderson 28406 (FSU). Santa Rosa Co.: Gulf Breeze, Bay Cliff Preserve, somewhat
low area near E entrance to nature trail, W of boardwalk, 30.3657°N, 87.1623°W, 23 Oct 2010, Burkhalter 22940. (UWFP).
^Barleria repens Nees (Acanthaceae). Native to Africa, this species is occasionally cultivated. It can be recognized by its creeping habit and entire outer sepals.
Voucher specimens: Highlands Co.: NW corner of Kent Road and Taconic Road, NW part of Avon Park, 27°37'05"N, 81°32'29"W, 29 Mar
2015, Franck 3782 (USF). Monroe Co.: NE of Tavernier, Key Largo, 25°01'16"N, 80°30'00"W, 10 Apr 2015, Crawford s.n. (USF).
This document is intended for digital-device reading only.
Inquiries regarding distributable and open access versions may be directed to jbrit@brit.org.
Franck et al., Additions to the flora of Florida
177
^Basella alba L. (Basellaceae). A predominantly African and Malagasy genus, this pantropical species is frequently cultivated for its edible leaves (Sidwell 1999).
Voucher specimens: Escambia Co.: E side of residential property at SE corner of Jackson Street and Gulf Street, with Momordica charantia,
Dioscorea alata, 30°25'3.6"N, 87°16'36.9"W, 19 Sep 2008, Burkhalter 22027 (FLAS, FSU, UWFP). Leon Co.: near radio tower by S Macomb
Street just S of All Saints Street in Tallahassee, 30.434°N, 84.288°W, 29 May 2012, Anderson 26370 (FSU).
^Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.) Lam. ex Savigny (Rhizophoraceae). Native to the Indo-Pacific region, this mangrove is distinguished by its solitary flowers and spinescent petals with three bristles (Duke & Ge 2011).
Voucher specimen: Miami-Dade Co.: Kampong Garden (part of National Tropical Botanical Garden), Coconut Grove, Miami, mangrove
zone, 29 Jul 2011, Judd 8359 (FLAS).
^Caesalpinia vesicaria L. (Fabaceae). Native to Mexico and the West Indies, this species is recognized by its
leaflets in 1–3 pairs per pinnae, included to slightly exserted pistils and stamens, and unarmed, flat, reddish
fruits (Correll & Correll 1982).
Voucher specimen: Miami-Dade Co.: Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Center Lake, overgrown shrubby thicket along edge, 25°40.6',
80°16.3'W, 15 Mar 2008, Abbott 24250 (FLAS).
^Callerya reticulata (Benth.) Schot (Fabaceae). Native to China and Vietnam, this species is characterized by
its glabrescent calyx and corolla and stipules on a persistent gibbosity on the stem (Wei & Pedley 2010).
Voucher specimens: Calhoun Co.: Blountstown, N side of FL 20, W of McClellan Road. 30°26'32"N 85°4'20"W, overgrown mesic PinusMagnolia city lot, 12 Sep 2012, Anderson 26579 (FSU); ibid., MacClendon et al. 1190 (USF). Franklin Co.: Chapman House, corner of Avenue
E and 6th, Apalachicola, garden area, 6 Jul 2014, Anderson 28247 (FSU).
Cinnamomum burmannii (Nees & T. Nees) Blume (Lauraceae). This species was previously reported by
Franck (2012) and is occasionally cultivated in Florida. It can be distinguished from other Cinnamomum species occasionally encountered in Florida by its naked buds, triplinerved leaves that are adaxially glabrous and
abaxially sparsely sericeous, and panicle shorter (2–6 cm) than the leaf blade (Li et al. 2008).
Cinnamomum iners Reinw. ex Blume (Lauraceae). This species can be recognized by its triplinerved, ovate to
elliptic leaves and was previously reported in Florida by Franck (2012). The Florida specimen was previously
misidentified as C. verum J. Presl (Wunderlin et al. 2010).
^Citrus ×microcarpa Bunge (Rutaceae). This is a hybrid of C. japonica Thunb. and C. reticulata Blanco (Zhang
& Mabberley 2008). The leaves are said to have a dough-scented odor (Saville et al. 2011). This hybrid may be
the citrus that was noted as naturalized in a Cinnamomum-Ardisia forest in northern Florida (Clewell & Tobe
2011, as Fortunella margarita Swingle).
Voucher specimens: Glades Co.: Fisheating Creek Wildlife Management Area. 290 m NNW of the junction of US 27 and FL 29, 50 m E of US
27. T41S, R30E, Sec. 10, NW¼, 9 Dec 2009, Franck 1663 (USF). Hillsborough Co.: NE corner of University of South Florida campus,
28°04'05"N 82°24'10"W, 22 Nov 2015, Franck et al. 3975 (USF). Leon Co.: Goodwood Forest, just NW of Tallahassee Memorial Cancer
Center, 30.458°N, 84.256°W, 6 Jan 2012, Anderson 26051 (FSU).
^Clerodendrum quadriloculare (Blanco) Merr. (Lamiaceae). Native to the Phillipines and New Guinea, this
species has leaves with purplish undersides, calyx lobes shorter than the calyx tube, and a corolla 7–12 cm long
(Leeratiwong et al. 2011).
Voucher specimen: Broward Co.: School Board Site addition to Hillsboro Pineland Natural Area; NE of West Drive Boulevard, Coconut
Creek, T47S, R42E, Sec. 31, 4 Mar 2014, Howell 1250 (USF).
^Condea floribunda (Briq.) Harley & J.F.B. Pastore (Lamiaceae). A recent segregate of the predominantly
neotropical Hyptis Jacq. s.l. (Harley & Pastore 2012), this species was only recently identified by R. Harley from
a specimen collected 30 years earlier. It is characterized by verticils of pedicellate flowers. The type specimen
of this species is from Paraguay.
This document is intended for digital-device reading only.
Inquiries regarding distributable and open access versions may be directed to jbrit@brit.org.
178 Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 10(1)
Voucher specimen: Escambia Co.: along S side of foot and bicycle path, ca. 150 ft W of westernmost bridge; W end of Santa Rosa Island, Gulf
Island National Seashore; NE of Ft. Pickens, beside old concrete wall, soil sandy, with Lantana camara, 19 Aug 1984, 30.3285°N, 87.2884°W,
Burkhalter 9505 (USF, UWFP).
^Crotalaria alata Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don (Fabaceae). Native to southeast Asia, this species can be distinguished by its simple leaves and stipules decurrent along the stem (Li et al. 2010).
Voucher specimen: Alachua Co.: Gainesville, by hedge in open, 9 Jun 1939, Murrill s.n. (MO).
^Croton discolor Willd. (Euphorbiaceae). This species is native to the West Indies and only marginally separable from C. linearis Jacq. It is distinguished by its elliptic leaves (vs. linear in C. linearis). Croton discolor has
previously been attributed to specimens from southern Florida currently recognized as belonging to C.
linearis.
This species, along with four others listed here (Calotropis procera, Jacquemontia verticillata, Rhynchosia
reticulata, and Senna angustisiliqua), was found on a ca. 7 m high pile of foreign rocky, red soil at a shipping port
in Tampa. Based on the overlapping distributions of these species (Acevedo-Rodríguez & Strong 2012), the
introduced soil likely originated from the Bahamas or Hispaniola. In addition to the five newly naturalized
species, two other oddities were found: Ayenia sp. and Tephrosia sp. Other tropical weeds found at the site included Cleome viscosa L., Melochia tomentosa L., and Senna atomaria (L.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby.
Voucher specimens: Hillsborough Co.: Along Tampa Bay, ca. 0.1 km from the water, ca. 4 km N of Apollo Beach. T32S, R19E, Sec. 4, SW¼.
27°48'23"N 82°24'31"W, 8 May 2012, Dickman & Ross s.n. (USF); ibid., 12 Nov 2014, Franck & Wilson 3669 (USF).
^Cuphea hyssopifolia Kunth (Lythraceae). Native to the Neotropics (Graham 2009), this species is commonly
cultivated and is erect with leaves that are glabrate to sparsely scabrid adaxially and on the margins.
Voucher specimens: Brevard Co.: W end of Dalehurst Drive, Cocoa, vacant lot at the top of a road drainage ditch on the county road rightof-way, Feb 2011, Gordon s.n. (USF). Escambia Co.: Fox Chase Subdivision, near Pensacola, W side of Motley Court, ca. 50 ft S of intersection
with Deedra Avenue, in pavement crack at E end of private concrete driveway, 30.5503°N, 87.2536°W, 31 May 2004, Burkhalter 19876
(UWFP); The Reserve Subdivision, near Pensacola, sidewalk crack in front of 5910 Otter Point Road, 30.4822°N, 87.2182°W, 23 Jun 2004,
Burkhalter 19924 (UWFP). Orange Co.: Valencia Community College East Campus, 700 block of North Econlockhatchee Trail, ca. 10 mi. E
of Orlando, East Campus, T22S, R31E, Sec. 19, lawn, Myers 380 (USF).
^Cuscuta boldhingii Urb. (Convolvulaceae). This species has a wide distribution in the Neotropics including
the West Indies (Costea et al. 2011). It is easily recognized in Florida by the presence of a subapical appendage
on the corolla lobe. Cuscuta L. is typically a poorly-collected genus and it seems possible this species is native
and was previously overlooked.
Voucher specimen: Monroe Co.: wayside park on US 1 at SW end of Upper Matecumbe Key, next to Teatable Hammock, 24°54'8"N
80°39'13"W, road shoulder, 22 Apr 2002, Bradley & Hammer 2341 (USF).
^Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (Poaceae). Native to India and Sri Lanka, citronella grass is characterized
by its pedicels that are pilose on the margins and glabrous dorsally (Barkworth 2003).
Voucher specimen: Miami-Dade Co.: W side of Krome Avenue, 25°56'4"N 80°26'46"W, roadside right-of-way beyond mowed area but not in
marsh, 10 Jan 2013, Allen s.n. (USF).
^Davallia trichomanoides Blume (Davalliaceae). This species was apparently purposely locally established
by visitors but subsequently removed by park personnel (M. Owen, pers. comm.). This species is native to
southeast Asia and has toothed, abruptly narrowed rhizome scales and a cup-like indusium (Morton 1957).
Voucher specimen: Collier Co.: Fakahatchee Strand Preserve State Park, T51S, R29E, Sec. 19, 22 Sep 1998, Owen FS0136 (USF).
^Erythroxylum confusum Britton (Erythroxylaceae). Native to Mexico, Central America, and the West Indies (Plowman & Hensold 2004), this species is characterized by obovate leaves with pedicels typically shorter
than the petioles (Correll & Correll 1982).
Voucher specimen: Miami-Dade Co.: Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, naturalized throughout the garden, 3 Aug 2009, Burgess 1 (FTG).
This document is intended for digital-device reading only.
Inquiries regarding distributable and open access versions may be directed to jbrit@brit.org.
Franck et al., Additions to the flora of Florida
179
^Fuirena umbellata Roth (Cyperaceae). This species is distinctive in having a whorl of three perianth blades
without perianth bristles. It is found in the West Indies, Central America, and the Paleotropics (Kral 1978).
Voucher specimens: Broward Co.: City of Weston, Wetland Mitigation Shelf, ca. 100 ft E of Arvida Parkway, just N of Saddle Club Road.
26°7'1"N 80°24'12"W, 21 Dec 1999, Couillard 2 (USF); ca. 100 ft W of Arvida Parkway, just N of Saddle Club Road, City of Weston, marsh in
ca. 6 in. of water and 8 ft from shore, 4 Oct 2012, Howell 1226 (USF). Martin Co.: off road 714, Palm City, first road 200 yards W of turnpike,
1 Sep 1986, Woodbury s.n. (FTG); S of the I-95/High Meadows Avenue interchange. 27°7'19"N 80°16'36"W, depressional wetland, 12 Mar
2013, Revuelta & Breiner s.n. (USF).
^Gmelina arborea Roxb. ex Sm. (Lamiaceae). A genus of 31 species native to the Paleotropics, this southeast
Asia native is widely planted and utilized for its wood and medicinal properties (de Kok 2012). This species is
a tree having leaves with white peltate scales and yellow trichomes.
Voucher specimen: Martin Co.: South Florida Water Management District property, DuPuis Management Area, 0.5 mi. S of DuPuis shop
yard. 26°59'30"N 80°34'43"W, pine flatwoods, 25 Sep 2014, Bodle s.n. (USF).
^Heteropterys brachiata (L.) DC. (Malpighiaceae). This species is native to the Neotropics and had commonly been known by the later synonym H. beecheyana A. Juss. (Anderson 1993). In Florida, this species is
considered a category II invasive by FLEPPC (2015).
Voucher specimens: Miami-Dade Co.: W portion of Chernoff Hammock, S of SW 216th Street and W of SW 154th Avenue near Castellow
Hammock, 25.565°N, 80.443°W, 11 Dec 2006, Possley & Rodriguez 89 (FTG); The Barnacle State Historic Site, 25.725°N, 80.243°W, 31 Oct
2014, Possley 150 (FTG).
^Hyptis brevipes Poit. (Lamiaceae). Widespread in the Neotropics (Harley 2012), this species differs from the
native H. alata (Raf.) Shinners by its narrow involucral bracts, < 1mm wide (vs. usually > 1.5 mm wide in H.
alata), and shorter peduncles, usually < 1 cm long (vs. usually > 1 cm).
Voucher specimen: Hillsborough Co.: N of FL 674, 1 mi. E of FL 39, Ft. Lonesome, reclaimed mine site, 27°42'20"N 82°07'56"W, 15 May
2015, Dickman & Lereculeur 220 (USF).
^Jacquemontia verticillata (L.) Urb. (Convolvulaceae). This species is native to the West Indies. It can be
recognized by its small flowers (to 5 mm) and pubescent sepals.
Voucher specimens: Hillsborough Co.: Along Tampa Bay, ca. 0.1 km from the water, ca. 4 km N of Apollo Beach. T32S, R19E, Sec. 4, SW¼.
27°48'23"N 82°24'31"W, 8 May 2012, Dickman & Ross s.n. (USF); ibid., 12 Nov 2014, Franck & Wilson 3666 (USF).
^Lithachne pauciflora (Sw.) P. Beauv. (Poaceae). Native to the Neotropics (Soderstrom 1980), this species can
be recognized by its lateral inflorescence containing male spikelets below the pistillate ones. Another species,
L. humilis Soderstr., is reportedly sold as an ornamental in the USA (Barkworth 2007).
Voucher specimens: Hillsborough Co.: Deadriver Park, E of hiking trail along Hillsborough River, ca. 0.5 mi. N of public parking area.
28°08'07"N 82°15'36"W, hardwood hammock, disturbed by hog rooting, 19 Jan 2013, Dickman et al. s.n. (USF); ibid., 4 Apr 2015, Franck &
Dickman 3784 (USF).
^Microgramma nitida (J. Sm.) A. R. Sm. (Polypodiaceae). Native to the Neotropics, this species is characterized by its thick rhizome with glabrous scales (Proctor 1985).
Voucher specimen: Hillsborough Co.: 10552 Taylor Road, 1600 ft S of its junction with Thonotosassa Road, Thonotosassa, over limestone
rock, 22 Jun 2012, Worth s.n. (USF).
Mikania micrantha Kunth (Asteraceae). This species was previously reported by Weaver & Dixon (2010)
from Miami-Dade County. The species can be recognized by its glandular achenes, short and white flowers
(2.5–3 mm), and pseudostipules with incised lobes (Anderson et al. 2012).
Nelsonia canescens (Lam.) Spreng. (Acanthaceae). This species was previously reported by Franck & Daniel
(2011). It is characterized by its densely bracteate inflorescence spike with villous bracts and bilabiate corolla
with two stamens.
This document is intended for digital-device reading only.
Inquiries regarding distributable and open access versions may be directed to jbrit@brit.org.
180 Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 10(1)
Nephrolepis hirsutula (G. Forst.) C. Presl. (Nephrolepidaceae). A cultivar (‘Superba’) of this species is commonly cultivated (Morton 1958) and is apparently sterile, spreading only by rhizomes. It has been previously
reported as naturalized in the Everglades (Gann et al. 2000). The species is native to the Paleotropics (Hovenkamp & Miyamoto 2005). It can be recognized by its abundant pubescence on the rachis and pinnae.
Voucher specimens: Miami-Dade Co.: E side of SW 120th Avenue, 0.3 km S of SW 232nd Street, 1.2 km E of US 1. 25°32'56"N 80°23'08"W,
disturbed, former pine rockland, 22 Jun 2014, Franck 3400 (USF); Pine Island, 24 Dec 1994, Reimus 483 (FNPS); Pine Island, 14 Mar 1996,
Simkin 96-032 (FNPS); Royal Palm Hammock, N edge of Ingraham Highway, 5 Jul 1994, Seavey & Seavey 763 (FNPS).
Noronhia emarginata (Lam.) Poir. (Oleaceae). This tree is occasionally cultivated in the tropics and is native
to Madagascar (Hong-Wa et al. 2014). It was previously reported by Morton (1976) and here is confirmed with
Voucher specimens: This species has opposite leaves that are often emarginate and ovate fruits.
Voucher specimens: Brevard Co.: Maritime Hammock Sanctuary, W of A1A, disturbed area near beginning of trail, 5 Apr 2014, Schmalzer
14-3 (USF). Collier Co.: Delnor-Wiggins Pass State Park, N end of island, Alvarez & Braem DW0113 (USF).
Nymphoides grayana (Griseb.) Kuntze (Menyanthaceae). This West Indian species has yellow petals (Tippery et al. 2015), to distinguish it from the very similar N. indica (L.) Kuntze with white petals. It is known from
a few counties in central peninsular Florida.
^Ochna atropurpurea DC. (Ochnaceae). Native to Africa (Robson 1963), this species has been commonly
known by a later synonym, O. mossambicensis Klotzsch (du Toit 1975). A specimen of O. atropurpurea was
previously misidentified in Florida as O. serrulata (Hochst.) Walp., a species naturalized in Polk County.
Voucher specimen: Palm Beach Co.: High Ridge Scrub Natural Area, N central portion, ca. 500 ft distant from the nearest cultivated area
(housing development). T45S, R43E, Sec. 9, 2 Mar 2007, Lietzky s.n. (USF).
^Oncoba spinosa Forssk. (Salicaceae). A genus of 4–5 species, this species is native to tropical Africa, Yemen,
and Saudi Arabia (Alfarhan et al. 1997; Chase et al. 2002). It has naturalized in an urban area in Vero Beach.
Voucher specimen: Indian River Co.: facing Leon Avenue off 706 Royal Palm Boulevard, Vero Beach. 27°38'34"N 80°23'16"W, originally
grew naturally on the property, now spreads to adjoining properties, 13 Sep 2014, Myers 1422 (USF).
Pandanus odorifer (Forssk.) Kuntze (Pandanaceae). This species was previously reported by Franck (2012). It
is characterized by its whitish prickles along the leaf margins.
Phyllanthus fluitans Benth. ex. Müll. Arg. (Phyllanthaceae). This species was previously reported by Wilder
& Sowinski (2010) along Peace River in DeSoto County, where it appears to be persisting as evidenced by a
recent collection ca. 20 km upstream from its original sighting. Native to South America and possibly introduced in Mexico (Webster 2002), it is easily recognized by its floating habit.
Voucher specimen: DeSoto Co.: Morgan Park, ca. 0.5 mi. E and 0.1 mi. N of FL 70 and FL 72 junction, 27°13'34"N 81°52'52"W, Shelton s.n.
(USF).
^Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC. (Fabaceae). Occasionally cultivated in the tropics for its high protein
content and edibility, this species is known nearly exclusively from cultivation. Though the other eight species
in the genus are of tropical African origin (Verdcourt & Halliday 1978), P. tetragonolobus is thought to have
originated in Asia (Hymowitz & Boyd 1977), with P. scandens (Endl.) Verdc. as a likely progenitor (Nur Faitah
et al. 2012).
Voucher specimen: Miami-Dade Co.: E side of SW 122nd Avenue, 0.3 km S of SW 232nd Street, 1 km E of US 1. 25°32'57"N 80°23'18"W,
roadside, 21 Jun 2014, Franck 3396 (USF).
^Rhipsalis cereuscula Haw. (Cactaceae). This species, native to South America (Eggli et al. 2008), has terminal stems usually less than 3 cm long, areoles usually with bristles 1–2 mm long, and flowers apical on the
stems. This waif occurrence was misidentified as R. baccifera (J.S. Mill.) Stearn.
Voucher specimen: Seminole Co.: Black Hammock near Oviedo, 12 Apr 1975, Wunderlin et al. 5444 (USF).
This document is intended for digital-device reading only.
Inquiries regarding distributable and open access versions may be directed to jbrit@brit.org.
Franck et al., Additions to the flora of Florida
181
^Rhynchosia reticulata (Sw.) DC. (Fabaceae). This species is native throughout the Neotropics including the
West Indies. It can be recognized by its villous pubescence found on the stems, leaves, peduncle, pedicel, sepals, and fruit.
Voucher specimen: Hillsborough Co.: Along Tampa Bay, ca. 0.1 km from the water, ca. 4 km N of Apollo Beach. T32S, R19E, Sec. 4, SW¼,
27°48'23"N 82°24'31"W, 8 May 2012, Dickman & Ross s.n. (USF).
^Sansevieria cylindrica Bojer ex Hook. (Ruscaceae). Native to Africa, this species is distinguished from other
species of Sansevieria Thunb. naturalized in Florida by its cylindric leaves.
Voucher specimen: Monroe Co.: Key Largo, near old nursery site at Florida Keys Wildlife and Environmental Area, 25.035°N, 80.499°W,
edge of rockland hammock, 22 Feb 2005, Jenkins s.n. (FSU).
Sansevieria trifasciata Prain (Ruscaceae). This commonly cultivated species was previously reported by
Simpson (1928) and Morton (1976) and only recently confirmed with voucher specimens by Franck (2012). It
has often been misidentified as S. hyacinthoides (L.) Druce. The leaves with green, yellow, or white margins
distinguishes S. trifasciata.
^Scleria gaertneri Raddi (Cyperaceae). Native to the Neotropics as well as Africa and Madasgascar (AcevedoRodríguez & Strong 2012), this species is distinguished by its much-branched inflorescence, smooth achene
body, and 3-lobed hypogynium (Adams 1972). Its first known occurrence was found along Loxahatchee River
on 5 Sep 1992 (E. Bridges & S. Orzell, pers. comm.). This species was previously known as S. melaleuca Rchb.
ex Schltdl. & Cham., a later synonym (Longhi-Wagner et al. 2010). The protologue of S. gaertneri cited the illegitimate S. margaritifera Gaertn. (which is based on the type of Scirpus lithospermus L.), but did not cite the
Linnaean component. This has been interpreted as exclusion of the type of S. margaritifera. However, there are
multiple elements cited in the protologue of S. gaertneri, thus requiring lectotypification. Longhi-Wagner et al.
(2010) recognized a Raddi specimen as a holotype. Anent Arts. 7.10 and 9.23 (McNeill et al. 2010), S. gaertneri
would still require lectotypification.
Voucher specimens: Broward Co.: Holmberg Road site, 21 Dec 2010, Howell 1174 (USF); ibid., 29 Sep 2014, Howell 1275 (USF).
^Senna angustisiliqua (Lam.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby (Fabaceae). This species is endemic to the West Indies
and exotic in the Lesser Antilles (Acevedo-Rodríguez & Strong 2012). It can be recognized by its stipitate, elliptic gland at the node of the first pair of leaflets and flattened fruit (Irwin & Barneby 1982).
Voucher specimens: Hillsborough Co.: Along Tampa Bay, ca. 0.1 km from the water, ca. 4 km N of Apollo Beach. T32S, R19E, Sec. 4, SW¼,
27°48'23"N 82°24'31"W, 8 May 2012, Dickman & Ross s.n. (USF); ibid., 12 Nov 2014, Franck & Wilson 3663 (USF).
^Stigmaphyllon sagraeanum A. Juss. (Malpighiaceae). This West Indian species has pedicels which are 0–9
mm long between the upper two bracteoles and lower bract (‘peduncle’ sensu Anderson 1997) and was previously misidentified as S. emarginatum (Cav.) A. Juss. (C. Anderson, pers. comm.), which has pedicels 15–25
mm long in the same region (Anderson 1997).
Voucher specimens: Brevard Co.: South barrier island, EEL Maritime Hammock, ca. 50 ft W of US 1, 27°57'6"N, 80°30"W, 1 May 2002,
Kennedy et al. 579 (USF); ibid., 5 Apr 2014, Schmalzer 14-4 (USF).
^Solanum candidum Lindl. (Solanaceae). This species is part of Solanum sect. Lasiocarpa (Dunal) D’Arcy,
which includes 13 species with a center of distribution in northern South America. Solanum candidum is native
to the Neotropics and is a likely progenitor of S. lasiocarpum Dunal (Heiser 1987; Bohs 2004), known from
southeast Asia. These two species are only marginally separable, with S. candidum having stem prickles > 5
mm (vs. < 5 mm in S. lasiocarpum) and calyx lobes 4–8 mm long (vs. 3–5 mm) (Whalen et al. 1981). The naturalized population in Florida had stem prickles to 12 mm and calyx lobes to 8 mm.
Voucher specimen: Hillsborough Co.: 1.5 km N of FL 674, 3 km E of US 301, Balm Scrub Addition, Wimauma. 27°43'32"N 82°18'20"W,
pastured, mesic hammock, 26 Aug 2014, Bradshaw & Franck s.n. (USF).
This document is intended for digital-device reading only.
Inquiries regarding distributable and open access versions may be directed to jbrit@brit.org.
182 Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 10(1)
^Tagetes lucida Cav. (Asteraceae). Native to Mexico and Central America, this species has simple, elliptic, serrate leaves, in contrast to the other naturalized species of Tagetes L. in Florida having pinnatifid to compound
leaves.
Voucher specimen: Leon Co.: 1521 Coombs, Tallahassee, 30.463°N, 84.249°W, 26 Dec 2013, Anderson 27736 (FSU).
^Ternstroemia gymnanthera (Wight & Arn.) Bedd. (Pentaphylacaceae). Native to Asia, this species is distinguished by its leaves not being glandular punctate, pedicels to 1.5 cm, and compressed globose fruits (Ming &
Bartholomew 2007).
Voucher specimen: Leon Co.: just S of Silver Lake Recreation Area, W side of Andrew Lake, 30.402°N, 84.408°W, 13 Apr 2011, Macmanus &
Nelson 1102 (FSU).
^Turnera subulata Sm. (Turneraceae). This species, native to Central and South America, was collected in
Miami-Dade County in 1912 and 1950 (Arbo 2005), but was only included in the flora recently with the discovery of a naturalized population. This species can be recognized by its white to pale yellow petals with a dark
purple basal spot.
Voucher specimen: Lee Co.: Fort Myers Beach, disturbed roadside, 14 May 2012, Rodwell s.n. (USF).
^Urochloa humidicola (Rendle) Morrone & Zuloaga (Poaceae). This species can be recognized by its solitary
spikelets, glabrous 9–11-veined lower glume to 4 mm, pubescent upper glume, and glabrate leaves and sheaths.
Voucher specimens: Alachua Co.: University of Florida campus, ca. 50 m S of Museum Road, 15 m E of Center Drive, 29°38'39"N,
82°20'47"W, 3 Sep 2008, Abbott 24941 (FLAS). St. Lucie Co.: University of Florida Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce,
27°25'43"N 80°24'41"W, along irrigation ditch, 30 Sep 2014, Overholt s.n. (USF).
new to florida (31 taxa)
In addition to the 54 taxa reported above, another 31 taxa have been added to the flora of Florida since Wunderlin & Hansen (2011) but are otherwise known as native or naturalized in other states in the continental
USA. Of these 31, 21 taxa are here reported for Florida for the first time, while ten were reported previously.
^Acacia saligna (Labill.) H. L. Wendl. (Fabaceae). Native to Australia, Florida specimens of this species were
previously identified as A. retinodes Schltdl. Both species are very similar to each other, with A. saligna having
flower heads 7–12 mm wide (vs. 5–7 mm in A. retinodes) and a conspicuous gland above the base of the petiole
1–2 mm wide (vs. < 1 mm) (Ross 1975; Seigler & Ebinger 2013)
Voucher specimen: Monroe Co.: Sugarloaf Shores Key, 30 May 1984, not cultivated, Bunch s.n. (FLAS).
^Akebia quinata (Houtt.) Decne. (Lardizabalaceae). This Asian species is an invasive vine with palmately
compound leaves and is naturalized throughout the eastern USA (Thieret & Kartesz 1997).
Voucher specimen: Jefferson Co.: Coxetter House, corner of FL 59 and C-158 in Lloyd, semi-shaded garden area, frequent vine, naturalized
and aggressive, 30.478°N, 84.023°W, Anderson 29013 (FSU).
^Aloe ×schoenlandii Baker (Asphodelaceae). A sterile hybrid between A. maculata All. and A. striata Haw.
(McNeal 2013), this taxon spreads only locally by rhizomes. It is very commonly cultivated in Florida and is
naturalized in California (Holmes & White 2003; McNeal 2013). This specimen was previously identified as A.
vera (L.) Burm. f., which has subsessile flowers, whereas A. ×schoenlandii has pedicellate flowers.
Voucher specimen: Indian River Co.: 6th Avenue Southwest, S of Vero Beach. 27°35'37"N 80°23'08"W, on a highly disturbed sand ridge,
many exotics, 14 Oct 2012, Myers 756 (USF).
^Arachniodes simplicior (Makino) Ohwi (Dryopteridaceae). Native to China and Japan and occasionally
cultivated, this species was first found naturalized in the USA in South Carolina (Smith 1993). It can be distinguished from Dryopteris Adans. in Florida by its long-creeping stem and sharply serrate ultimate segments (vs.
short-creeping stem and entire to obscurely crenate in D. ludoviciana (Kunze) Small).
This document is intended for digital-device reading only.
Inquiries regarding distributable and open access versions may be directed to jbrit@brit.org.
Franck et al., Additions to the flora of Florida
183
Voucher specimen: Jackson Co.: Florida Caverns State Park, NE of Marianna, bordering N boundary service road, mixed hardwood-pine
woodland, 30.812°N, 85.212°W, 10 Oct 2012, Anderson & Bailey 26682 (FSU).
^Aristida purpurea Nutt. (Poaceae). Native to the western USA, Canada, and Mexico, this showy grass is
sometimes cultivated. It is characterized by a glabrous to sparsely pilose collar, narrow panicle with only the
lower 1–2 branches spreading with a pulvinus, and 1–2-veined lower glume with a central awn not spirally
coiled (Allred 2003).
Voucher specimens: Escambia Co.: Ellyson Industrial Park, S of Copter Road, near Pensacola, disturbed site at edge of parking lot, with
Heterotheca subaxillaris, 30°31'39"N, 87°11'38"W, 3 Nov 2013, Burkhalter 24505 (FSU, UWFP); Pensacola, disturbed streetside at NW corner
of Ninth Avenue and Cervantes Street, 30.4232°N, 87.2072°W, 11 Aug 2000, Burkhalter 17325 (UWFP); Pensacola, weedy streetside along N
side of Herman Street E of intersection with Palafox Street, 30.4492°N, 87.2301°W, 7 Dec 2002, Burkhalter 19018 (UWFP); near Pensacola,
weedy grassy median of Fairfield Drive at junction with New Warrington Road connector, 30.4363°, 87.2671°W, 16 Aug 2014, Burkhalter
24916 (UFWP); Pensacola, sidewalk crack along W side of Pace Boulevard S of intersection with Garden Street, 30.411°N, 87.2419°W, 5 Apr
2015, Burkhalter 25268 (UWFP).
Boerhavia coccinea Mill. (Nyctaginaceae). This species had been previously synonymized with B. diffusa L.
(Wunderlin 1998) and then was excluded from the flora (Wunderlin & Hansen 2003, 2011). Numerous specimens from FLAS, FTG, and USF document this species in southern Florida. This species can most easily be
recognized by its pubescent peduncles.
^Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T. Aiton (Apocynaceae). Calotropis R. Br. includes three species native to the
Paleotropics. Calotropis procera is widely naturalized in the tropics including California and the West Indies. It
is occasionally cultivated in Florida. This species can be recognized by its sessile leaves, erect corolla lobes 6–8
mm long, and staminal corona segments to 4 mm long, equal to or longer than the staminal column (Rahman
& Wilcock 1991; Krings et al. 2005).
Voucher specimens: Hillsborough Co.: Along Tampa Bay, ca. 0.1 km from the water, ca. 4 km N of Apollo Beach. T32S, R19E, Sec. 4, SW¼.
27°48'23"N 82°24'31"W, 8 May 2012, Dickman & Ross s.n. (USF); ibid., 12 Nov 2014, Franck & Wilson 3676 (USF).
^Carlowrightia texana Henrickson & T.F. Daniel (Acanthaceae). Native to the southwestern USA and Texas,
this Florida specimen was previously identified as Ruellia blechum L. It is distinctive in the genus for having
maroon veins on the white petal lobes (Daniel 1983).
Voucher specimen: Miami-Dade Co.: Miami, At the junction of SW 127 Ave. and 46th Street, NE corner of lot, T54S, R39E, Sec. 24, NW¼,
disturbed, weedy lot, 8 May 1986, Sauleda & Sauleda 8986 (USF).
^Clinopodium vulgare L. (Lamiaceae). Native to North America and Europe, this densely pubescent herb is
mostly a temperate species (Shinners 1962).
Voucher specimen: Orange Co.: Joshua Creek Tract, end of Phillips Road, Charles H. Bronson State Forest, unpaved parking lot, 26 Jul 2014,
Taylor s.n. (USF).
Eupatorium hyssopifolium L. var. hyssopifolium (Asteraceae). The infraspecific name E. hyssopifolium var.
laciniatum A. Gray was previously misapplied to many specimens of var. hyssopifolium in northern Florida
(Wunderlin & Hansen 2011). Leaves of E. hyssopifolium var. hyssopifolium are 2–5 mm wide, linear and entire
to obscurely serrate. Leaves of E. hyssopifolium var. laciniatum are 5–15 mm wide, lance-linear to lanceolate and
usually laciniately toothed (Siripun & Schilling 2006).
^Gladiolus dalenii Van Geel (Iridaceae). Numerous specimens of this Paleotropical species (Goldblatt 2002)
were previously identified as G. ×gandavensis Van Houtte. Gladiolus dalenii typically has red to orange tepals
with yellow markings on the outer tepals.
^Hedera canariensis Willd. (Araliaceae). Endemic to the Canary Islands, this species has orangish scale-like
trichomes in contrast to the white, multiangulate stellate trichomes of Hedera helix L. (Valcárel & Vargas 2010).
Voucher specimens: Jefferson Co.: W of Rte 59 just S of railroad corridor on S side of Lloyd. Lat. 30.47697°N, Long. 84.02285°W, 31 Mar
This document is intended for digital-device reading only.
Inquiries regarding distributable and open access versions may be directed to jbrit@brit.org.
184 Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 10(1)
2014, Anderson 27844 (FSU). Leon Co.: bordering houses along Maderia Circle, S of small lake in Lakeshore district of Tallahassee,
30.493°N, 84.298°W, 27 Dec 2011, Anderson 26049 (FSU). Wakulla Co.: N side of Hwy 98 in Newport. Lat. 30.19962°N, Long. 84.18099°W,
3 Apr 2014, Anderson 27859 (FSU).
Liriope muscari (Decne.) L. H. Bailey (Ruscaceae). Native to east Asia, this species is characteristically cespitose (Nesom 2010).
Voucher specimens: Franklin Co.: Dog Island, 3 Nov 1983, Anderson 6770 (FSU). Jackson Co.: Florida Caverns State Park, along short trail
behind visitor center. Near Spring Branch, a tributary of Chipola River, T5N, R10W, Sec. 22, SW¼, deep shade of rich slope hammock on
limestone bluff, 29 Jul 1998, Burks & Ludlow 1125 (USF). Leon Co.: Elinor Klapp-Phipps Park, 25 Jun 1996, Anderson 16686 (FSU).
^Medicago littoralis Rohde ex Loisel. (Fabaceae). Native to the Meditteranean region, this species is characterized by its glabrous, coiled fruits with rigid, stout spines and obscure veins. A similar species is M. polymorpha L., which has fruits with relatively weaker, lightly flexible spines and evident venation (Small & Jomphe
1989). Another closely related species is M. truncatula Gaertn., which has a pubescent outer coil surface on the
fruits and the calyx teeth are ca. 2⁄3 the length of the calyx (vs. ca. ½ the length in M. littoralis) (Small & Brookes
1990).
Voucher specimens: Franklin Co.: St. George Island, by 9th Street, 29.671°N, 84.840°W, Mar 2011, Anderson 25380 (FSU); entrance to state
park, 29.684°N, 84.797°W, 26 Mar 2011, Anderson 25392 (FSU); state park near campground, 29.721°N, 84.742°W, 25 Mar 2013, Anderson
26913 (FSU). Okaloosa Co.: Fort Walton Beach, Santa Rosa Island, on the median strip of US 98, 15 Mar 1982, Wilhelm 9949 (USF). Santa
Rosa Co.: Gulf Breeze, along the sandy shoulder of US 98, just S of the bridge, at the Jolly Roger restaurant, 17 Mar 1983, Wilhelm 11136
(USF). Walton Co.: Mirimar Beach, along US 98, 14 Mar 1982, Wilhelm 9937 (USF).
Narcissus pseudonarcissus L. (Amaryllidaceae). A specimen of this species was previously identified as N.×
odorus L. The corona is as long or longer than the ovate tepals in N. pseudonarcissus (Spaulding & Barger 2014).
Voucher specimens: Calhoun Co.: Blountstown, 0.25 mi. N of Abe Springs Road on Myers Dairy Road. 30°23'33"N 85°7'48"W, 1 Mar 2007,
MacClendon & MacClendon 548 (USF). Escambia Co.: near Pensacola, weedy vacant lot E of Guidy Lane at intersection with Aurelia’s Place,
30.5378°N, 87.2473°W, 27 Feb 2010, Burkhalter 22586 (UWFP).
Narcissus ×incomparabilis Mill. (Amaryllidaceae). In N. ×incomparabilis, the corona is 0.5–0.75 as long as the
tepals and the inflorescence is solitary (Spaulding & Barger 2014).
Voucher specimen: Leon Co.: N side of main house at Mission Ridge Archaeological site, junction of Ocala Road and Mission Ridge, Tallahassee, open lawn, 3 Mar 1984, Nelson 3054 (FSU).
^Nymphoides peltata (S. G. Gmel.) Kuntze (Menyanthaceae). This Eurasian species has yellow flowers and a
pair of opposite leaves subtending the inflorescence.
Voucher specimen: Orange Co.: Orlando, 6021 S Conway Road, 28.468N, 81.331, 10 Jul 2012, White s.n. (FLAS).
Opuntia ficus-indica L. (Cactaceae). This species was included in Wunderlin & Hansen (2003) but then excluded in Wunderlin & Hansen (2011). It has been reinstated in the flora with specimens known from three
counties. It probably only vegetatively spreads locally.
Voucher specimens: Escambia Co.: U.S. Naval Air Station, SW of Pensacola, E side of Magazine Point, SE of sewage treatment plant,
30.3605°N, 87.2638°W, 15 Oct 1988, Burkhalter 11267 (FSU, UWFP); Pensacola, open disturbed waste area S of Main Street, E of junction
with Clubbs Street, 30.4048°N, 87.2236°W, 26 May 1993, Burkhalter 13787 (UWFP). Volusia Co.: off of A1A S at New Smyrna Beach at junction w/ Sylvia Dr., roadside next to residence, 29.99128°N, 80.86840°W, 17 May 2008, Majure 3225 (FLAS). Washington Co.: by Alligator
Creek bridge on S side of Hwy 90, 0.3 mi E of Holmes county line, 30.777°N, 85.594°W, 13 Jun 2014, Anderson 28169 (FSU).
^Oxalis hispidula Zucc. (Oxalidaceae). This South American species is characterized by leaves that are glabrous adaxially, densely appressed pilose abaxially, and without callosities; the sepals have two apical elongate
callosities; and the inflorescence is 1–3 flowered. This species was noted in Alabama within 2 km of the Florida
state line (Horne et al. 2013). Other exotic species in southwest Alabama and the Florida panhandle are
thought to have been introduced from southeast South America, including some by ballast soil in the late
1800s or early 1900s (Acicarpha tribuloides Juss., Devore 1991; Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.,
This document is intended for digital-device reading only.
Inquiries regarding distributable and open access versions may be directed to jbrit@brit.org.
Franck et al., Additions to the flora of Florida
185
Zeiger 1967 and Sosa et al. 2004; Paspalum notatum Flüggé var. saurae Parodi, Burton 1962), the aquarium trade
(Echinodorus grandiflorus (Cham. & Schltdl.)Micheli, Lehtonen 2009), or by unknown vectors (Condea floribunda, reported here above). Due to the great abundance of this species in the immediate Pensacola area, it
seems likely it was introduced through the port of Pensacola several decades ago.
Voucher specimens: Escambia Co.: Pensacola, near NW corner of B Street and Cervantes Street, behind abandoned house, 30.4204°N,
87.2270°W, 4 Dec 1975, Burkhalter 3321 (USF, UWFP); Pensacola, near NW corner of Cervantes Street and G Street, streetside lawn,
30.4204°N, 87.2328°W, 17 Nov 1983, Burkhalter 9164 (UWFP); near Pensacola, E side of Palafox Hwy S of jct with Ivanhoe Avenue, roadside
lawn and ditch, 30.5294°N, 87.2716°W, 19 Nov 1983, Burkhalter 9169 (UWFP); near Pensacola, UWF main campus, lawn near Edward Ball
Nature Trail, 30.5523°N, 87.2210°W, 19 Oct 1985, Burkhalter 10215 (UWFP); near Pensacola, UWF main campus, lawn S of Bldg 20 East,
30.5482°N, 87.2196°W, 21 Dec 1997, Burkhalter 15730 (UWFP); Pensacola, NE corner of Garden Street and B Street, lawn of commercial
building, 30.4114°N, 87.2272°W, 24 Nov 2005, Burkhalter 20602 (UWFP); near Pensacola, E of Chemstrand Road N of intersection with
Chadson Street, roadside by ditch, 30.5397 N, 87.2622 W, 15 Dec 2012, Burkhalter 23812 (UWFP); near Pensacola, W side of Palafox Street
N of intersection with Hood Drive, roadside, 30.5266°N, 87.2704°W, 28 Jan 2013, Burkhalter 23844 (UWFP). Santa Rosa Co.: Gulf Breeze,
lawn in front of Gulf Breeze Elementary School, 30.3613°N, 87.1687°W, 26 Nov 2011, Burkhalter 23438 (UWFP); Milton, lawn behind commercial building at 6630 Caroline Street, 30.6217°N, 87.0465°W, 28 Oct 2012, Burkhalter 23782 (UWFP); near Pace, E side of Woodbine
Road N of intersection with Riverhill Drive, roadside by ditch, 30.6252°N, 87.1817°W, 24 Nov 2012, Burkhalter 23805 (UWFP). Okaloosa
Co.: Fort Walton Beach, lawn in Liza Jackson Park, 30.4067°N, 86.6380°W, 2 Oct 2011, Burkhalter 23344 (UWFP).
Passiflora miniata Vanderplank (Passifloraceae). This South American species is commonly cultivated in
Florida and is sparingly naturalized. It is characterized by its bracts 33–50 mm long and pendulous variegated
fruits (Vanderplank 2006). Previously the name P. coccinea Aubl. was misapplied to this species in Florida
(Wunderlin & Hansen 2011; Goldman & MacDougal 2015).
^Persicaria arifolia (L.) Haraldson (Polygonaceae). This species is easily recognized by its prickly stems and
hastate leaves. It is native to the eastern USA and Canada (Hinds & Freeman 2005).
Voucher specimen: Nassau Co.: E of Tom Mann Swamp, ca. 0.2 mi. N of Boggy Creek, ca. 3.5 mi. (by boat) NW of Nassau River. T2N, R26E,
Sec. 9. 30°36'23"N 81°42'21"W, 25 Nov 2013, Slaughter et al. 18186 (USF).
Quercus ×beadlei Trel. ex E.J. Palmer (Fagaceae). This is a putative hybrid of Q. alba L. and Q. michauxii Nutt.
(Palmer 1948). The specimen has ca. 12–16 lobes per leaf, typically more than Q. alba and less than Q. michauxii. The mid-leaf sinus of the specimen is ca. one-fourth to less than half the length of the associated lobes.
Voucher specimen: Leon Co.: about 2.5 mi. E of Tallahassee, moderately rich woods, 6 Dec 1924, Harper s.n. (A).
^Reynoutria japonica Houtt. (Polygonaceae). Native to east Asia, this species is widely naturalized in the
USA. It is distinguished from closely related species and hybrids by trichome and vein characters of the leaves
(Freeman & Hinds 2005).
Voucher specimens: Santa Rosa Co.: E of Floridatown Park: E side of drainage ditch, embankment in rock riprap, with Stachys floridana,
Boehmeria cylindrica, 30°34'53.7"N, 87°09'33.7"W, 25 Mar 2013, Burkhalter 23969 (FSU, UWFP); ibid., 18 Apr 2015, Burkhalter 25288
(UWFP).
Rhynchosia precatoria (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) DC. (Fabaceae). This species, with its distinctive red and
black seeds, was reported by Woodmansee & Sadle (2011). It is native to Mexico and Central America.
Voucher specimen: Miami-Dade Co.: Everglades National Park, Long Pine Key, Palma Vista #2 Hammock, rockland hammock, 10 Feb
2004, Woodmansee 1366 (FNPS).
Schoenoplectus subterminalis Torr. (Cyperaceae). This species had been overlooked in previous treatments
and is native across the USA (Smith 2002). It is rhizomatous with lateral inflorescences, sessile spikelets, and
achenes ca. 3 × 1.5 mm, the bristles not exceeding the beak.
Voucher specimens: Santa Rosa Co.: along edge of Big Coldwater Creek, T3N, R28W, Sec. 13, 30 May 1994, Chafin & Knight 2051 (FSU);
ibid., 1 Jul 1994, Anderson 15053 (FSU).
^Silene latifolia Poir. (Asteraceae). Native to Eurasia and widely naturalized in the USA, this species can be
This document is intended for digital-device reading only.
Inquiries regarding distributable and open access versions may be directed to jbrit@brit.org.
186 Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 10(1)
recognized by its glandular pubescent calyx ca. 20 mm long with lobes to 6 mm and white unlobed to bilobed
petals (Morton 2005a).
Voucher specimen: Leon Co.: Elinor Klapp-Phipps Park, W of Meridian Road, N side of Tallahassee, 30.529N, 84.296, 14 Jul 2011, Anderson
25592 (FSU).
^Stellaria graminea L. (Caryophyllaceae). Widely naturalized across the USA and native to Europe, this species has sessile leaves and a diffuse, terminal inflorescence (Morton 2005b).
Voucher specimen: Leon Co.: Elinor Klapp-Phipps Park, S of Miller Landing Rd. N side of Tallahassee, 30.529°N, 84.296°W, 19 May 2014,
Anderson 28045 (FSU).
^Urochloa brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) R.D. Webster (Poaceae). This African species is sometimes used as
a forage and was found in an improved Paspalum notatum Flüggé pasture, possibly as a seed contaminant. It has
been cultivated at the Agricultural Experiment Station at the University of Florida in Gainesville (Hall 1978).
A hybrid of this species and U. ruziziensis (R. Germ & C.M. Evrard) Morrone & Zuloaga has been cultivated at
the Range Cattle Research & Education Center in Ona (Inyang 2009). The specimens of U. brizantha in Florida
are distinguished by being densely pilose on the internodes apically, leaves abaxially and adaxially, sheaths,
rachis, second glume apically, and first lemma apically. The lower glume is 11-veined and glabrous, with a ca.
0.5 mm long sheath (callus). There is a rachilla segment ca. 0.5 mm long between the first and second glume.
Voucher specimens: Hillsborough Co.: 3.5 km W of Polk County line, 4.8 km N of FL 674, 27°44'58.3"N, 82°05'23.0"W, 10 Sep 2015, Michel
s.n. (USF); ibid., 17 Sep 2015, Michel s.n. (USF).
^Vicia lutea L. (Fabaceae). This Old World species can be recognized by its 1–3 yellow flowers on a peduncle
to 3 mm and oblique calyx mouth.
Voucher specimen: Leon Co.: Tallahassee, roadside, 30.499°N, 84.295°W, 20 Mar 2013, Anderson 26142 (FSU). Apalachicola National Forest, W side of FL 373, 30.356°N, 84.376°W, 21 Feb 2014, Anderson 27747 (FSU); Florida State University campus, Tallahassee, 30.4445°N,
84.384°W, 13 Mar 2015, Anderson 28677 (FSU).
^Vitex rotundifolia L.f. (Lamiaceae). This species, native to Asia and Australia, can be recognized by its usually unifoliate leaves. It has also been treated as a subspecies of V. trifolia L. (de Kok 2007). In Florida, this species is considered a category II invasive by FLEPPC (2015).
Voucher specimens: Escambia Co.: Santa Rosa Island, W Pensacola Beach, coastal strand NW of N end of Matamoras Drive, 30°20'9.1"N,
87°9'23.6"W, 27 May 2007, Burkhalter 21395 (UWFP); ibid., 2 Jun 2012, Burkhalter 23581 (UWFP); Santa Rosa Island, W Pensacola Beach,
vacant neglected area of private property at 207 Sabine Drive, 30°20'5.2"N, 87°9'18"W, 2 Jun 2012, Burkhalter 23580 (UWFP); Santa Rosa
Island, E of Pensacola Beach, sandy roadside of Sugar Bowl Lane, 30°20'37.4"N, 87°5'21.8"W, 25 Jun 2013, Burkhalter 24169 (UWFP). Santa
Rosa Co.: Gulf Breeze, Peake’s Point Subdivision, coastal strand of Santa Rosa Sound by bulkhead, 30°21'37.6"N, 87°12'10"W, 2 Jun 2012,
Burkhalter & Duncan 23579 (UWFP); Gulf Breeze, sandy disturbed roadside of Pensacola Beach Road, ca. 350 ft N of R.L.F. Sikes Bridge,
30.3544°N, 87.1581°W, 5 Aug 2014, Burkhalter 24870 (UWFP).
^Xylosma congesta (Lour.) Merr. (Salicaceae). Native to Asia, this species was cultivated at Chinsegut Hill,
probably planted by the Robins (previous owners) as a hedgerow along an unimproved road. There are now at
least hundreds of individuals in disturbed hammocks, with shrubs found up to 3.9 km from the likely original
hedgerow. This species is characterized by its ovate serrate leaves with 3–5 pairs of lateral veins and branched
thorns on the trunk to 22 cm long. It is reported as naturalized in Georgia by the USDA (2016).
Voucher specimens: Hernando Co.: Chinsegut Hill, along E-W path on N slope, between hilltop and Lake Lindsey, 1.5 km W of US 41, 1.5
km S of Lake Lindsey Road, 28.6220°N, 82.3666°W, 17 Jan 2016, Franck et al. 4004 (USF), 4012 (USF); E boundary of Withlacoochee State
Forest, 28°38.576'N, 82°20.014'W, 3 Mar 2016, Williamson & Werner s.n. (USF).
acknowledgments
We would like to thank the numerous collectors, property managers, park personnel, herbarium staff, and
taxonomists for their work, including: Christiane Anderson (MICH), Anthony Brach (A), Kenneth Bradshaw,
Philip Cantino, Mihai Costea (WLU), Thomas Daniel (CAS), Kanchi Gandhi, Richard Harley, Brett Jestrow
This document is intended for digital-device reading only.
Inquiries regarding distributable and open access versions may be directed to jbrit@brit.org.
Franck et al., Additions to the flora of Florida
187
(FTG), David Mabberley (K), Travis MacClendon, John McNeill, Steve Myers, Guy Nesom, William Overholt,
Kent Perkins (FLAS), Jennifer Possley, Paul Schmalzer, Walter Taylor, James Wearn (K), Sherri Wilson, and
Steve Woodmansee. We are grateful to Edwin Bridges, Steve Orzell, and Kent Perkins for their helpful comments on the manuscript.
references
Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M.T. Strong. 2012. Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 98:1–1192.
doi:10.5479/si.0081024X.98.1
Adams, C.D. 1972. Flowering plants of Jamaica. University of West Indies, Mona, Jamaica.
Alfarhan, A.H., J. Thomas, & M.I.H. Alallah. 1997. Noteworthy records to the flora of Saudi Arabia. Kuwait J. Sci. Engin.
24:123–130.
Allred, K.W. 2003. Aristida. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North of
Mexico. 18+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 25, p. 315–342.
Anderson, C. 1997. Monograph of Stigmaphyllon (Malpighiaceae). Syst. Bot. Monogr. 51:1–313. doi:10.2307/25027873
Anderson, P.J., R.E. Weaver, Jr., K.M. Neubig, M.S. Frank, & W.N. Dixon. 2012. Which Mikania: native vine or noxious weed?
Florida Department and Agriculture Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, Gainesville, FL. Florida Botany
Circulary 37, 6 p.
Anderson, W.R. 1993. Notes on neotropical Malpighiaceae–-IV. Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19:355–392.
Arbo, M.M. 2005. Estudios sistemáticos en Turnera (Turneraceae). III. Series Anomelae y Turnera. Bonplandia 14:115–318.
Ayeranov, L.V. & H.-J. Tillich. 2012. New taxa of Aspidistra (Asparagaceae) from central Vietnam. Turczaninowia 15:5–10.
Barkworth, M.E. 2003. Cymbopogon. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America
North of Mexico. 18+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol 25, p. 664–666.
Barkworth, M.E. 2007. Lithachne. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America
North of Mexico. 18+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 24, p. 30–31.
B o h s , L. 2004. A cholorplast DNA phylogeny of Solanum section Lasiocarpa. Syst. Bot. 29:177–187.
doi:10.1600/036364404772974310
Burton, G.W. 1967. A search for the origin of Pensacola bahia grass. Economic Botany 21:379–382.
Chase, M.W., S. Zmarzty, M.D. Lledó, K.J. Wurdack, S.M. Swensen, & M.F. Fay. 2002. When in doubt, put it in Flacourtiaceae: A
molecular phylogenetic analysis based on plastid rbcL DNA sequences. Kew Bull. 57:141–181. doi:10.2307/4110825
Clewell, A. & J.D. Tobe. 2011. Cinnamomum-Ardisia forest in northern Florida. Castanea 76:245–254. doi:10.2179/11-002.1
Correll, D.S. & H.B. Correll. 1982. Flora of the Bahama Archipelago. A. R. Gantner Verlag KG, Vaduz, Germany.
Costea, M., I.G. Ruiz, & S. Stefanović. 2011. Systematics of “horned” dodders: phylogenetic relationships, taxonomy, and
two new species within the Cuscuta chapalan complex (Convolvulaceae). Botany 89:715–730. doi:10.1139/b11-049
Croat, T.B. 1991. A revision of Anthurium section Pachyneurium (Araceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 78:539–855.
doi:10.2307/2399801
Daniel, T.F. 1983. Carlowrightia (Acanthaceae). Fl. Neotropica 34:1–115.
de Kok, R. 2007. The genus Vitex L. (Lamiaceae) in New Guinea and the South Pacific Islands. 62:587–603.
de Kok, R. 2012. A revision of the genus Gmelina (Lamiaceae). Kew Bull. 67:293–329. doi:10.1007/s12225-012-9382-4
DeVore, M.L. 1991. The occurrence of Acicarpha tribuloides (Calyceraceae) in eastern North America. Rhodora 93:26–35.
du Toit, P.C.V. 1975. Ochnaceae: The identity of Ochna atropurpurea. Bothalia 11:517.
Duke, N.C. & X.-J. Ge. 2011. Bruguiera (Rhizophoraceae) in the Indo-West Pacific: a morphometric assessment of hybridization within single-flowered taxa. Blumea 56:36–48. doi:10.3767/000651911x572968
Eggli, U., E. Marchesi, M. Bonifacino, & R. Nyffeler. 2008. Taxonomy and distribution of epiphytic cacti in Uruguay––notes
towards a checklist of Cactaceae of Uruguay, part 3. Haseltonia 14:161–169. doi:10.2985/1070-0048-14.1.161
FLEPPC. 2015. List of Invasive Plant Species. Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council. http://www.fleppc.org/list/ Accessed 4
Jun 2015.
Franck, A.R. & T.F. Daniel. 2011. Noteworthy collections: Florida. Nelsonia canescens, a genus and species new to the adventive flora of the United States. Castanea 76:429–431. doi:10.2179/11-030.1
Franck, A.R. 2012. Guide to Agave, Cinnamomum, Corymbia, Eucalyptus, Pandanus, and Sansevieria in the flora of Florida.
Phytoneuron 2012-102:1–23. Published 26 November 2012.
Freeman, C.C. & H.R. Hinds. 2005. Fallopia. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North
America North of Mexico. 18+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 5, p. 541–546.
This document is intended for digital-device reading only.
Inquiries regarding distributable and open access versions may be directed to jbrit@brit.org.
188 Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 10(1)
Gann, G.D., K.A. Bradley, & S.W. Woodmansee. 2000. Observations of vascular plants at Royal Palm Hammock, Everglades
National Park, Miami-Dade County, Florida. 15 February 2000. Institute for Regional Conservation, Miami, Florida.
Goldblatt, P. 2002. Gladiolus. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North
of Mexico. 18+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 26, p. 407–409.
Goldman, D.H. & J.M. MacDougal. 2015. Passifloraceae. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora
of North America North of Mexico. 18+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 6, p. 170–182.
G raham , S. 2009. Cuphea fluviatilis (Lythraceae), a new species from Antioquia, Colombia. Novon 19:45–48.
doi:10.3417/2007044
Hall, D.W. 1978. The grasses of Florida. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Florida.
Harley, R.M. 2012. Checklist and key of genera and species of the Lamiaceae of the Brazilian Amazon. Rodriguésia 63:
129–144. doi:10.1590/s2175-78602012000100010
Harley, R.M. & J.F.B. Pastore. 2012. A generic revision and new combinations in the Hyptidinae (Lamiaceae), based on
molecular and morphological evidence. Phytotaxa 58:1–55.
Heiser, C.B. 1987. Origins of Solanum lasiocarpum and S. repandum. Amer. J. Bot. 74:1045–1048. doi:10.2307/2443943
Hinds, H.R. & C.C. Freeman. 2005. Persicaria. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North
America North of Mexico. 18+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 5, p. 574–594.
Holmes, W.C. & H.L. White. 2003. Aloe. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America
North of Mexico. 18+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 26, p. 410–412.
Hong-Wa, C., M.W. Callmander, & C. Baider. 2014. Taxonomy and conservation of the genus Noronhia Thouars (Oleaceae)
in Mauritius. Candollea 69:157–163. doi:10.15553/c2014v692a7
Horne, H.E., T. Wayne Barger, & G.L. Nesom. 2013. Two South American species of Oxalis (Oxalidaceae) naturalized in Alabama and the USA, first report. Phytoneuron 2013-54:1–7.
Hovenkamp, P.H. & F. Miyamoto. 2005. A conspectus of the native and naturalized species of Nephrolepis in the world.
Blumea 50:279–322. doi:10.3767/000651905x623003
Huck, R.B. 2010. Dicerandra fumella (Lamiaceae), a new species in the Florida panhandle and adjacent Alabama, with
comments on the D. linearifolia complex. Rhodora 112:215–227. doi:10.3119/09-20.1
Hymowitz, T. & J. Boyd. 1977. Origin, ethnobotany and agricultural potential of the winged bean––Psophocarpus
tetragonolobus. Econ. Bot. 31:180–188. doi:10.1007/bf02866589
Inyang, U.I. 2009. Management of Brachiaria cultivar Mulato in south Florida. M.S. thesis, University of Florida.
Irwin, H.S. & R.C. Barneby. 1982. The American Cassiinae, a synoptical revision of the Leguminosae tribe Cassieae subtribe
Cassiinae in the New World. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 35:1–918.
Kral, R. 1978. A synopsis of Fuirena (Cyperaceae) for the Americas north of South America. Sida 7:309–354.
Krings, A., F. Areces Berazaín, & J.C. Lazcano Lara. 2005. New and rediscovered milkweeds from Cuba: Calotropis gigantea
and Gonolobus stephanotrichus (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae). Willdenowia 35:315–318. doi:10.3372/wi.35.35213
Leeratiwong, C., P. Chantaranothai, & A.J. Paton. 2011. A synopsis of the genus Clerodendrum L. (Lamiaceae) in Thailand.
Tropical Natural History 11:177–211.
Lehtonen, S. 2009. On the origin of Echinodorus grandiflorus (Alismataceae) in Florida (“E. floridanus”), and its estimated
potential as an invasive species. Hydrobiologia 635:107–112.
Li, J., H. Sun, R.M. Polhill, & M.G. Gilbert. 2010. Crotalaria. In: Z.Y. Wu, P.H. Raven, & D.Y. Hong, eds. 1994+. Flora of China.
Science Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. Vol. 10, p. 105–117.
Li, X., J. Li, & H. van der Werff. 2008. Cinnamomum. In: Z.Y. Wu, P.H. Raven, & D.Y. Hong, eds. 1994+. Flora of China. Science
Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. Vol. 7, p. 166–187.
Longhi-Wagner, H.M., R.M. Baldini, & A.C. Araújo. 2010. Cyperaceae Raddianae: a nomenclatural and taxonomic
study of the Cyperaceae published in G. Raddi’s Agrostografia brasiliensis. Kew Bull. 65:449–461. doi:10.1007/
s12225-010-9225-0
McNeal, D.W. 2013. Aloe. In: Jepson Flora Project, eds. Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu, accessed on 19 Mar
2015.
McNeill, J., F.R. Barrie, W.R. Buck, V. Demoulin, W. Greuter, D.L. Hawksworth, P.S. Herendeen, S. Knapp, K. Marhold, J. Prado, W.F.
Prud’homme Van Reine, G.F. Smith, J.H. Wiersema, & N.J. Turland (eds.). 2012. International Code of Nomenclature for algae,
fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code). Regnum Veg. 154:1–208. Koeltz Scientific Books, Königstein, Germany.
Ming, T. & B. Bartholomew. 2007. Theaceae. In: Z.Y. Wu, P.H. Raven, & D.Y. Hong, eds. 1994+. Flora of China. Science Press,
Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. Vol. 12, p. 366–478.
This document is intended for digital-device reading only.
Inquiries regarding distributable and open access versions may be directed to jbrit@brit.org.
Franck et al., Additions to the flora of Florida
189
M orton , C.V. 1957. Observations on cultivated ferns. IV. The species of Davallia. Amer. Fern J. 47:143–148.
doi:10.2307/1544966
Morton, C.V. 1958. Observations on cultivated ferns. V. The species and forms of Nephrolepis. Amer. Fern J. 48:18–27.
doi:10.2307/1544893
Morton, J.F. 1976. Pestiferous spread of many ornamental and fruit species in South Florida. Proc. Florida State Hort.
Soc. 89:348–353.
Morton, J. K. 2005a. Silene. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North of
Mexico. 18+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 5, p. 166–214.
Morton, J. K. 2005b. Stellaria. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North
of Mexico. 18+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 5, p. 96–114.
Naczi, R.F., W.M. Knapp, & W.W. Thomas. 2012. Rhynchospora marliniana (Cyperaceae), a new species of Rhynchospora
sect. Plumosae from northern Central America and southeastern North America. Kew Bull. 67:771–778. doi:10.1007/
s12225-012-9416-y
Nesom, G.L. 2000. Which non-native plants are included in floristic accounts? Sida 19: 189–193.
Nesom, G.L. 2010. Overview of Liriope and Ophiopogon (Ruscaceae) naturalized and commonly cultivated in the USA.
Phytoneuron 2010-56:1–31.
Nur Faitah, H.N., N. Maxted, & L. Rico Arce. 2012. Cladistic analysis of Psophocarpus Neck. ex DC. (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) based on morphological characters. S. African J. Bot. 83:78–88. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2012.07.010
Palmer, E.J. 1948. Hybrid oaks of North America. J. Arnold Arbor. 29:1–48.
Plowman, T. & N. Hensold. 2004. Names, types, and distribution of neotropical species of Erythroxylum (Erythroxylaceae).
Brittonia 56:1–53. doi:10.1663/0007-196x(2004)056[0001:ntadon]2.0.co;2
Proctor, G.R. 1985. Ferns of Jamaica. British Museum, London, UK.
Rahman, M.A. & C.C. Wilcock. 1991. A taxonomic revision of Calotropis (Asclepiadaceae). Nord. J. Bot. 11:301–308.
doi:10.1111/j.1756-1051.1991.tb01408.x
Robson, N.K.B. 1963. Ochnaceae. In: Exell et al., eds. Flora Zambesiaca. London. Vol. 2, pt. 1, p. 224–262.
Ross, J.H. 1975. The naturalized and cultivated exotic Acacia species in South Africa. Bothalia 11:463–475. doi:10.4102/
abc.v11i4.1486
Saville, A.C., A. Krings, T. Kahn, M.D. Trice, & A.J. Redford. 2011. Citrus ID, Edition 2. USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Fort Collins and
North Carolina State University. http://idtools.org/citrus/citrusid/ Accessed 1 Apr 2015.
Shinners, L.H. 1962. Calamintha (Labiatae) in the southern United States. Sida 1:69–75.
Seigler, D. & J.E. Ebinger. 2013. Acacia. In: Jepson Flora Project, eds. Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu, accessed
on 27 Mar 2015.
Sidwell, K. 1999. Typification of two Linnaean names in the Basellaceae. Novon 9:562–563. doi:10.2307/3392166
Simpson, C.T. 1928. Ornamental Gardening in Florida. Published by the author, Little River, Florida. doi:10.5962/bhl.
title.19808
Siripun, K.C. & E.E. Schilling. 2006. Eupatorium. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North
America North of Mexico. 18+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 21, p. 462–474.
Small, E. & M. Jomphe. 1989. A synopsis of the genus Medicago (Leguminosae). Canad. J. Bot. 67:3260–3294. doi:10.1139/
b89-405
Small, E. & B. Brookes. 1990. A numerical taxonomic analysis of the Medicago littoralis – M. truncatula complex. Canad. J.
Bot. 68:1667–1674. doi:10.1139/b90-214
Smith, A.R. 1993. Arachniodes. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North
of Mexico. 18+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 2, p. 288.
Smith, S.G. 2002. Schoenopletcus. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America
North of Mexico. 18+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 23, p. 44–60.
Soderstrom, T.R. 1980. A new species of Lithachne (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) and remarks on its sleep movements. Brittonia 32:495–501. doi:10.2307/2806157
Sorrie, B.A., P.D. McMillan, B. van Eerden, R.J. LeBlond, P.E. Hyatt, & L.C. Anderson. 2011. Carex austrodeflexa (Cyperaceae), a
new species of Carex sect. Acrocystis from the Atlantic Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States. J. Bot. Res.
Inst. Texas 5:45–51.
Sosa, A.J., M.H. Julien, & H.A. Cordo. 2004. New research on Alternanthera philoxeroides (alligator weed) in its South American native range. In: Cullen, J.M., D.T. Briese, D.J. Kriticos, W.M. Lonsdale, L. Morin, & J.K. Scott, eds. Proceedings of
the XI International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds. CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. p. 180–185.
This document is intended for digital-device reading only.
Inquiries regarding distributable and open access versions may be directed to jbrit@brit.org.
190 Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 10(1)
Spaulding, D.D. & T.W. Barger. 2014. Key to the wild daffodils (Narcissus, Amaryllidaceae) of Alabama and adjacent states.
Phytoneuron 2014-82:1–10.
Thieret, J.W. & J.T. Kartesz. 1997. Lardizabalaceae. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of
North America North of Mexico. 18+ vols. New York and Oxford. Vol. 3, p. 293–294.
Tippery, N.P., D.H. Les, & E.L. Peredo. 2015. Nymphoides grayana (Menyanthaceae) in Florida verified by DNA and morphological data. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 142: 325–330.
USDA, NRCS. 2016. The PLANTS Database. Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), United States Department
of Agriculture (USDA). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC. http://plants.usda.gov/ Accessed 14 Feb 2016.
Valcárel, V. & P. Vargas. 2010. Quantitative morphology and species delimitation under the general lineage concept:
Optimization for Hedera (Araliaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 97:1555–1573. doi:10.3732/ajb.1000115
Vanderplank, J. 2006. 562. Passiflora miniata. Curtis’s Bot. Mag. 227:223–230.
Verdcourt, B. & P. Halliday. 1978. A revision of Psophocarpus (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae-Phaseolae). Kew Bull. 33:191–
227. doi:10.2307/4109575
Weaver, R. & W. Dixon. 2010. The Chinese creeper, bittervine or mile-a-minute, Mikania micrantha, an invasive vine new
to the continental United States. Florida Department and Agriculture Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry,
Gainesville, FL. DACS-P-01675, 4 p.
Webster, G.L. 2002. Outline of the neotropical infrageneric taxa of Phyllanthus (Euphorbiaceae). In: Grady Webster
Euphorbiaceae Resources. http://herbarium.ucdavis.edu/taxonomicresources.html. Accessed 24 Mar 2015.
Manuscript.
Wei, Z. & L. Pedley. 2010. Callerya. In: Z.Y. Wu, P.H. Raven, & D.Y. Hong, eds. 1994+. Flora of China. Science Press, Beijing and
Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. Vol. 10, p. 181–187.
Whalen, M.D., D.E. Costich, & C.B. Heiser. 1981. Taxonomy of Solanum section Lasiocarpa. Gentes Herbarium 12:41–129.
Wilder, G.J. & M.P. Sowinski. 2010. Phyllanthus fluitans Benth. (Euphorbiaceae): A newly reported invasive species in
Florida. Wildland Weeds 13:14–15.
Woodmansee, S.W. & J.L. Sadle. 2011. Discovery of Rhynchosia precatoria (Fabaceae) in Everglades National Park, Florida,
U.S.A. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 5:837–838.
Wunderlin, R.P. 1998. Guide to the vascular plants of Florida. University Press of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
Wunderlin, R.P. & B.F. Hansen. 2003. Guide to the vascular plants of Florida, 2nd ed. University Press of Florida, Gainesville,
Florida.
Wunderlin, R.P. & B.F. Hansen. 2011. Guide to the vascular plants of Florida, 3rd ed. University Press of Florida, Gainesville,
Florida.
Wunderlin, R.P., B.F. Hansen, A.R. Franck, & F.B. Essig. 2016. Atlas of Florida Plants. ((http://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/). [S. M.
Landry and K. N. Campbell (application development), USF Water Institute.] Institute for Systematic Botany, University of South Florida, Tampa.
Wunderlin, R.P., B.F. Hansen, A.R. Franck, K.A. Bradley, & J.M. Kunzer. 2010. Plants new to Florida. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas
4:349–355.
Zeiger, C.F. 1967. Biological control of alligatorweed with Agasicles n. sp. in Florida. Hyacinth Control J. 6:31–34.
Zhang, D. & D.J. Mabberley. 2008. Citrus. In: Z.Y. Wu, P.H. Raven, & D.Y. Hong, eds. 1994+. Flora of China. Science Press,
Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. Vol. 11:90–96.
This document is intended for digital-device reading only.
Inquiries regarding distributable and open access versions may be directed to jbrit@brit.org.