UL
Recognition
in the view of a PCB
manufacturer
J.Deutschmann, 11.02.2016
Präsentationstitel / Verfasser / Ort, Datum
AT & S Austria Technologie & Systemtechnik Aktiengesellschaft | Fabriksgasse 13 | A-8700 Leoben
Tel +43 (0) 3842 200-0 | E-mail info@ats.net
www.ats.net
Agenda
General Info UL
Mission UL
Customer requirements
UL labelling
UL requirements
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Agenda
Sequence of release
Kind’s of UL recognition
Explanation
Test pattern
Pricing different UL recognitions
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UL general
General info
Underwriters Laboratories Inc.
The UL Mark
Abbreviation
UL
Formation
1894 (1894)
Type
Standards organization
Headquarters
Northbrook, Illinois, United States
Region covered
104 countries, 64 Labs
America, Europe, Asia-Pazific,
International
President and CEO
Keith E. Williams
Staff
12.000 (2014)
Website
www.ul.com
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UL general
Mission
• Independent
• Profit orientation
• Develops safety standards
• Examines the danger of materials, components, products, machines, constructions, methods and
systems
• UL representatives regularly examine running production for acceptance criteria
FuS (Follow Up Service 4 x / Year every manufacturing location)
•UL acceptance of products is mostly relevant for products meant for use in the US American and
Canadian markets
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UL Listing
Customer requirements
For us as PCB manufacturer there is one crusial question:
What does the customer want to have?
•
„Full recognition“?
•
„Flame only recognition”?
•
What kind of MOT?
•
What kind of flammability class?
•
What materials / material combinations?
Take care at the beginning of a customer project what the customer wants to have!
Check what we have in our existing UL File and if it is necessary to start a new UL project!
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UL Listing
UL-labelling
UL labelling of PCB’s is possible if
 all applied materials by manufacturer is listed within manufacturer UL file number Exxxxxx
 the end-customer demands the UL markings
If yes:
Everything on the final product (PCB) including the stack up and critical manufacturing steps MUST be
UL recognized
•
Base material
•
Solder mask material (permanent coating; Ink only used for letters, numbers or symbols doesn’t
need to be UL recognized BUT have to be mentioned as manufacturing step with curing temp.)
•
Surface finishing (HAL, ENEPIG, ENIG, OSP, chem. Si, chem. Sn,…)
•
Carbon ink
•
Critical Manufacturing Processes (>100°C, etching, surface finish)
If any of the used materials is not UL recognized it costs a lot of more money and running time!
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UL-Listing
UL-requirements
Types of UL recognition for PCB’s:
•
„Flame only“… based on requirements acc. UL 94
•
„Full“ … based on requirements acc. UL 796 / UL 796F
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UL-Listing
Sequence of release
•
Timeline for „flame only recognition“ -> approximately 2 – 3 months
•
Timeline for „full recognition“ -> approximately 5 – 6 months
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UL-Listing
UL-requirements
„Flame only“ Recognition
There are only some tests behind done by UL for a flame only recognition
• Thermal shock + conditioning half samples ambient / half samples 70° for 1 week
• Flame Tests
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UL-Listing
UL-requirements
„Full“ Recognition Rigid board
There are to do different tests by UL for a full recognition.
• Micro-section Analyses
• Add. Etching
• Thermal Shock
• Flammability
• Conditioning
• Bond Strength
• Add. Thermo Shock
• Oven Conditioning
• 10 Days -> OK -> pass
• 56 Days if 10 Day Method is not OK -> OK -> pass
• Delamination and Blistering
• Dissimilar Dielectric Materials Thermal Cycling Tests
• Thermal Cycling
• Plating Adhesion
• Conductive Paste Adhesion Test
• Silver Migration Test
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0
UL-Listing
“Flame only”
•
solder limits
•
UL 94 Flame Class
(max. temperature, max. time)
Example listing file
PCB manufacturer:
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UL-Listing
“Full recognition”
•
pattern limits (min. width, max area diameter, min. edge width)
•
solder limits (max. temperature, max. time)
•
Max. Operating Temperature
•
UL 94 Flame Class
Example:
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UL-Listing
“Full recognition” -> short explanation
•
Cond Width
-> Min = conductor size min
-> Min Edge = any conductor which is within 0,4 mm clearance to the edge of the board
•
Cond Thk = min copper height internal /external layer
•
DSR = Direct Support Application
•
CTI Resistance to current leakage (CTI V)
•
Max Area Diameter = maximum unpierced conductor area diameter
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UL-Listing
Explanation
Interpretation UL file PCB manufacturer:
Data concerning (see attached example of UL board-type „M“)
• Allowed base materials (Individual Laminate /-Bonding Sheet material)
• Allowed min material thicknesses
• Conductor thickness (= copper height)
E -> external plane (min copper foil); I -> internal plane (max copper foil including copper height)
• PCB manufacturing process (critical like etching, surface finish, steps > 100°C, sub contractors,…)
• Suitable for Direct Support application (Meets UL 746 E DSR)
• Resistance to current leakage (CTI V)
Base Material &
Individual Laminate Matl.
UL/ ANSI
Grade
Type
Mfr
+
Total
Individual Bonding Sheet Matl.
Grad
e
Min.
Thk.
m
UL/ ANSI
Grade
Mfr
+
(mils)
G
r
a
d
e
Min.
Thk.
m
Build- Up
Thk.
mm
(in.)
(mils)
Conductor
Thk.#
PWB
Mfg
Proc
m
Meets
U
CTI V
(PLC)
L
746E
(mils)
DSR
*
Duraver-ECu#104ML,
ED130UV,
FR402,
IS402, PCL-FRM
FR-4
IS
226, PCL-FR-240,
50.8
(2.0)
FR-4-74, FR-4
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250
Duraver-E#104ML,
FR-4
IS
FR-4+++, ED-###, FR402++,
FR-4+++, IS402++, PCL-FRP226, PCL-FRP-240, FR402B15
(2)
50.8
(2.0)
0.38
(0.015)
E: 16.5
(0.65) I: 66
(2.6)
YES
O, N
175
N
O
(3)
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UL-Listing
Explanation
Information concerning applicable solder resists
Info’s concerning (see attached example about of UL board-type „M“)
•Possible production process (Process)
• Ink supplier and type (Solder Resist)
•Curing parameters (Curing Conditions)
Types
M
Process
O, N, E, F
Solder Resists@
2, 3, 14 - 22, 26 - 30, 33 - 36
Solder Resist
No
Manufacturer
1
Curing Conditions
Gra
de
Probimer 52 Hardener HZ32
Huntsman
File
Number
Maximum
Temperature (ºC)
Maximum Time
(minutes)
E76463
155
120
65/7211 (XB7211)
E76463
155
155
SD 2468NB+
E80315
150
120
Matting Agent DW91H
Probimer 65/7203 (XB7203) with Hardener
2
3
65/7204 (XB7204) or Hardener
Huntsman
Lackwerke
Peters
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UL-Listing
Explanation
Information concerning applicable production processes
Example:
PROCESS D:
Process D
1
Internal Layers - Any etchant may be used.
Lamination is performed at a pressure of 440 psi max at a
2
temperature of 365°C max, maintained for 240 min max
Processing after lamination is
3
Make holes for plating-through
4
Apply etch resist
5
Etch - any etchant except chromic sulphuric
6
Remove etch resist
7
Electroplate or electroless plate contact fingers Ni/Au
Apply and cure solder resist at 150 C max for 80mins max or
8
155 C max for 120mins max
Apply marking ink and UV cure to thermal cure at max. 155°C
9
for max. 120 min. Marking ink may only be used for letter,
numbers and/or symbols
10a Hot-air levelling at 290°C max for 6 s max,
OR
10b Electroless Sn,
OR
10c Electroless NiAu,
OR
10d OSP, Organic protective coating
Apply non-permanent coating and cure at max. 155°C for max.
11
60 min
No other plating operations performed and no other
12
temperatures over 100 C (212°F) encountered
+
+
+ - May be performed by a multiple-site processor (See Appendix D) or
by a subcontractor (See Section General).
*
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UL-Listing
Test pattern for „full-recognition”
Blisters & delamination (bond strength test)
Dependents on Max. Operation Temperature (MOT)
10 Day Test
Release
Yes
Release
NO
Yes
56 Day Test
NO
New Samples
+
Retest
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UL-Listing
Test-pattern for „flame only“
Flammability class acc. to UL 94-Standard : (2 x 5 samples)
•
•
•
1 x thermal shock 288°20 sec without tempering
•
1 x thermal shock 288°20 sec with pre-tempering 125°24h
Criterion: time from ignition to self extinguishing
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UL-Listing
UL labelling
Correct UL-Marking includes following 3 elements according to enclosed sequence:
1. Company´s Identification .......... AT&S
2. Printed Wiring Board Type ........ M
(Example for Standard-Multilayer)
3. Factory Identification ................ LE
(Example for plant Leoben)
It isn´t allowed to leave out one of these elements for a complete UL-Marking !!!
Following additional UL-relevant Markings are possible upon customer demand:
•
94V-O ........... Flammability Classification
•
............UL-Sign
•
........... UL-Sign for Direct Support Application
•
E67138 ....... File-No for AT&S
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UL-Listing
Influence UL pricing
Many factors influence the costs needed for a UL listing.
No UL or ANSI class of base material (complete test program is required)
•
•
FR.2, FR.3, FR4.0, FR4.1, CEM, CPY,…..
•
Materials with same ANSI class usually require shorter testing (no parameter modification and
consistent process)
•
Unrecognized Material is to implement from the PCB manufacturer into an additional file (QMTS)
and means add. costs!
In that case the PCB manufacturer has to deliver samples from the unrecognized material once a Year
to UL for testing and would have to pay for that tests.
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UL-Listing
Examples for UL pricing
Examples for Listings
The following prices are only meant as reference and do not include any special instances (higher
amount of solder resist + via hole filler combinations, silver migration, long-term heat aging,
relamination cycles, plugging, etc.).
The prices includes the material qualification for one material. Additional materials for the same
project generally cost an additional 40-60% of the new price.
UL decides whether or not acceptance can be given with or without tests (on base of UL 796).
Listing - solder resist with flammability tests:
EUR 1750 – 3000
Listing – base material for SS/DS without tests:
EUR 750 – 1500
Listing – base material for SS/DS/ML, with tests :
EUR 2500 - 5000
Listing - flexible base material:
EUR 7000 - …….
Listing - Rigid Flex with cavity (flex to install)
EUR 12000 - ….
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UL-Listing
UL Online Certificate Directory
Internet Link
http://database.ul.com/cgi-bin/XYV/template/LISEXT/1FRAME/index.htm
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UL-Listing
Do you have any Questions?
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Kontakt
AT & S Austria Technologie & Systemtechnik
Aktiengesellschaft
Jürgen Deutschmann
Supplier Quality Manager
UL Coordination AT&S
++43 3842 200 5546
++43 676 8955 5612
j.deutschmann@at.ats.net
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AT&S first choice for advanced applications
Präsentationstitel / Verfasser / Ort, Datum
AT & S Austria Technologie & Systemtechnik Aktiengesellschaft | Fabriksgasse13 | A-8700 Leoben
Tel +43 (0) 3842 200-0 | E-mail info@ats.net
www.ats.net