AEC-Q101/200 Qualified
Littelfuse Automotive Circuit Protection
by Anthony Chang
2015
1
Automotive Electronics
Design Applications & Challenges
AEC-Q101 / 200 QUALIFIED TVS Diodes and Varistor OVERVIEW
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2
Electrical Hazards for Automotive Electronics
Electrical Hazards


There are many technical challenges
during the system design process,
including designing methods of
protection against a variety of electrical
hazards.
The three major sources of electrical
hazards in these systems are:
 Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)
 Induced Surges (Lightning)
 Switching Loads in Power
Electronics Circuits (Load
Dump)
Automotive Protection in Need

To protect automotive electronics will
need eliminating transient surges that
can damage :









Control Units
Infotainment Electronics
Sensors
Fuel Injectors
Valves
Motors
12/24/48V Powertrains
Hydrolytic Controllers
etc.
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3
The Challenges to Meet for Automotive Protection
Devices
Protection devices will need to be robust enough for the transient environment, yet be able to
clamp to a low enough level to protect the IC’s. Suppressing transient surges or load dumps
that can harm the vehicle’s electronics is one of the biggest challenges of the design process.
In modern automotive designs, all on-board electronics are connected to the battery and the alternator.
During the powering or switching of inductive loads, the battery is disconnected, so that unwanted spikes
could be transmitted along the power line, causing malfunction or damaging electronic system, affecting
overall reliability.
The more electronic systems are designed in a vehicle, the more risks there are for damage
caused by powering spikes, transients, or load dump.
IC content continues to rise in Automotive applications, and similar to consumer market, they
continue to become more ESD sensitive.
• Human Body Model (on-chip ESD decreasing)
• IEC 61000-4-2 (many companies test above the typical 8kV)
• ISO 10605 (harsher than IEC 61000-4-2)
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Vehicle Control Unit ( VCU)
 The major task of the vehicle
control unit is to get the
brake and gas pedal values
and calculate in a control
loop the driving force
required which is then
transmitted to the power
electronics. Especially for
safety reasons, the task gets
more complex and additional
functionality is needed.
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5
Load Dump requirement in the market
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6
Examples of Applications in Modern Vehicles
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7
Power Train , LIN Bus & CAN Bus
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8
AEC-Q101 is the Test Standard to Ensure
Reliability of Semiconductors
Protection Products Will Need to Meet AEC-Q101
•
•
•
Series of qualification tests that ENSURE LONG TERM RELIABILITY of semiconductors in
auto environments to ensure circuit operation and protect consumers.
Compares core parameters pre- and post- test; with larger sample size
Examples include higher temperature, accelerated tests (130C/85%RH), temperature cycling,
etc.
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9
AEC-Q101 TVS Diode Solutions
( Meets Standard ISO7637-2 and ISO16750-2)
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10
Automotive TVS Diode Product Roadmap
Series
Package
Directional
Power rating
(by 10x1000us)
Reverse Standoff
Voltage (VR)
RTM status
TPSMA6L
DO-221AC
Uni
600W
5-85
released
TPSMB
TPSMC
TPSMD
TPSMD
DO-214AA
DO-214AC
DO-214AC
DO-214AC
Uni&Bi
Uni&Bi
Uni
Bi
600W
1500W
3000W
3000W
11.1-77.8
10.2-77.8
10-43
10-43
released
released
released
Q3 2015
TP6KE
DO-15
Uni&Bi
600W
11.1-77.8
released
SLD
P600(axial lead)
Uni&Bi
5000W
10-60
released
SLD8S
SMTO220(SMT)
Uni
6600W
10-57
Q4 2015
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11
Cross Comparison Table with Competitors
Littelfuse
TPSMA6L
TPSMB
TPSMC
TPSMD
TP6KE
SLD
NXP
PTVS
VISHAY
TA6F
TPSMA
TPSMB
SM6T
SMBJ
SM15T
TPSMC
SMC
3KASMC
P6KA
P6KE
6KA
ST Micro
SMA6T
SM6T
SM15T
ON Semi
SZ1SMA
SZNS6
SZ1SMB
SZP6SMB
SZ1.5SMC
SM30T
LDP
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12
Sales Supports
Sales Tool


Automotive TVS Cross Ref Table
AEC-Q101 Qualified TVS and
Diode Arrays and Application
Guide in PRINT and PDF
App. Note

Automotive TVS Diode App Notes
Technical Center Supports


Technical Testing
Design-in Supports
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13
Successful Stories
EXAMPLES OF DESIGN-IN CASES
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14
Other protection in Vehicle
-Turbo charger protection
Solenoid control for compressed air pressure.
Spikes generated.
Solution: TP6KE43CA~TP6KE62CA
-175c operating temperature for turbo environment
(compressed air up to 150c)
- AEC-Q101 qualified for high reliability to 175C Tj.
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Successful Example with TVS Diodes

Design-in Littelfuse TVS Diode:
TVS Diode P6KE510CA and P6SMB510CA-XX, peak pulse power 600W
in a DO-204AC(DO-15) and a DO-214AA ( SMB) package respectively

Automotive End Product:
Top European Xenon Lamp Igniters
 Customer Benefits:

Because of outstanding performance of our enhanced and improved products, not only we passed 1000 Temperature Cycling
test, end customers also acknowledged our quality is the best among all suppliers. In the recent on site
audit conducted in Wuxi site in Nov 2013, Wuxi
according to VDA6.3
plant received high score and grade A rated by the client
( Verband der Automobilindustries).
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Other protection in Vehicle
-Car horn protection
Solution: P1300SxLRP for Coil back electromotive force.
TPSMBxx for power line spikes.
Benefit:
-1minute or >10minutes testing—P1300SxLRP
- high shunt current with lowest power dissipation
- smaller package, room saving
300~500Hz
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More Successful Example with TVS Diodes

Design-in Littelfuse TVS Diode:
TVS Diode TPSMB27CA, peak pulse power 600W in a
DO-214AA ( SMB) package respectively, 12V DC in
protection

Automotive End Product:
Wireless charging unit in a car

Design-in Littelfuse TVS Diode:
TVS Diode TPSMB33CA, peak pulse power 600W in a DO-214AA ( SMB) package
respectively, 12V DC in protection

Automotive End Product:
US OEM, LED Tail light
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More Successful Examples with TVS Diodes

Design-in Littelfuse TVS Diode:
TVS Diode TP6KE36CA, peak pulse power 600W in a DO-15package respectively,
connector

Automotive End Product:
Auto vehicle

Design-in Littelfuse TVS Diode:
TVS Diode TPSMD20A, peak pulse power 3000W

Automotive End Product:
BLDC Motor (to cool the battery)

Design-in Littelfuse TVS Diode:
TVS Diode SLD36-018, load dump protection for
Vehicle 4G hotspot

Automotive End Product:
New application for commercial Vehicle
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Automotive Applications
ESD protection
20
AGENDA
o Automotive/Vehicular
o
o
o
o
o
Why are we interested in pursuing this market?
ESD Standards: Automotive vs. Consumer
Applications
Solutions
Examples of Design Wins
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21
Market Overview – Automotive Electronics
Market growth continues to be strong and seeing additional tailwinds
Telematics
Infotainment
• Navigation
• Map updates
• ECM updates
• Remote diagnostics
• Accident alerts
•Theft detection
• Navigation /mapping
• Premium audio
• Video – DVD
• Display systems
• Connectivity modules
•Theft detection
~20% unit CAGR
~10% unit CAGR
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Market Overview – Automotive Electronics
Continued…
Automotive semiconductors
• Almost 10% revenue CAGR
• Twice the CAGR of the overall semiconductor market
• Increasing numbers of application designers requiring
AEC-Q101 qualification for semiconductor protection
devices on
Figure 1: Worldwide automotive semiconductor market. (databeans Estimates)
ADAS
• Ultrasonic park assist
• Camera park assist
• Lane departure sense
• Adaptive cruise control
• Blind spot detection
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Automobile/Vehicular
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ESD: The Constant Design Challenge
IC content continues to rise in Automotive applications, and similar to
consumer market, they continue to become more ESD sensitive.
• Human Body Model (on-chip ESD decreasing)
• IEC 61000-4-2 (many companies test above this spec)
• ISO 10605 (harsher than IEC 61000-4-2)
Protection products will need to meet AEC-Q101.
Protection devices will need to be robust enough for the transient
environment, yet be able to clamp to a low enough level to protect the ICs.
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25
Comparison of ESD Standards
Automobile vs. Consumer
VS
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Recall the Consumer Discussion
Comparing the HBM and IEC61000-4-2 ESD Specifications
Peak current
Discharge Voltage
500 V
1,000 V
2,000 V
4,000 V
8,000 V
Human Body Model
0.33 A
0.67 A
1.33 A
Does not apply
Does not apply
IEC 61000-4-2
1.5A
3.0A ESD protection that
is built into the ICs.
7.5 A
15.0 A ESD threat that the
application commonly
30.0 A experiences in the field.
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ISO 10605
What does it apply to?
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ISO 10605
How is ESD applied?
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ISO 10605
ESD simulator models
330pF waveform
150pF waveform
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Comparing all ESD Standards
Summary Table
Simulator Model
Human Body Model
IEC 61000-4-2
ISO 10605, interior
ISO 10605, exterior
Charging
Capacitor
Discharge
Resistor
Test Voltage
(max)
Environmental focus
100 pF
1,500Ω
0.5V to 2kV
Simulates the environment inside the
factory environment (wafer fab/assembly
330Ω
8kV contact
15kV air
discharge
Simulates the field level ESD to which
applications will be subjected in the field
330Ω
15kV
air/contact
discharge
Simulates ESD environment inside the
automobile; also used for electronic
modules
330Ω
25kV
air/contact
discharge
Simulates ESD environment around the
exterior of the automobile
150 pF
330 pF
150 pF
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Circuit Environments for Automotive
Two general categories
“Consumer” Applications
in Passenger Cabin
“Mission Critical” or Underhood
Applications
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Consumer (Type) Applications for Automotive
Main threat to protect against is ESD…solutions will be TVS Diode Arrays!
•Telematics
• Navigation
• Infotainment
• Data port modules (USB, Smartcard, etc)
• Auxiliary audio input
• Camera modules
• Headphones
• Advanced Driver Assist System
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SP1005-01ETG
30pF, 30kV Bidirectional 0402 TVS Diode for ESD Protection
 Target Applications:
–
–
–
–
–
Buttons
Keypads
Audio
Touchscreens
DC input/Vcc buses
 Features/benefits:
–
–
–
–
–
0402 (SOD882 package)
0201 (uDFN package)
Capacitance value of 30pF
±30kV contact discharge
Very low RDYN of 0.2Ω
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SP3012-0xUTG
0.5pF, 12kV Diode Array for ESD Protection
4-channel and 6-channel versions are AEC-Q qualified
 Target Applications:
– USB3.0
– Ethernet
– HDMI
 Features/benefits:
– Exceptionally low RDYN of only
0.4Ω for best-in-class clamping
performance
– Capacitance value of 0.5pF
– ±12kV contact discharge
– Space-efficient footprints
 µDFN package (2.5mm x 1.0mm)
 µDFN package (3.5mm x 1.35mm)
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SP3014-02UTG
Lowest dynamic resistance on the market produces lowest clamping voltage
 Target Applications:
– USB2.0
– USB3.0
– Ethernet
 Features/benefits:
–
–
–
–
Capacitance value of 1.0pF
RDYN of 0.04Ω
±15kV contact discharge
Space-efficient footprint
 uDFN-6; feed-through design of
this package provides for an easy
layout
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SP3022-01ETG
0.35pF, 20kV, 0402 Low Capacitance ESD Diode
 Target Applications:
SP3022-01xTG
– USB3.0
– HDMI
– RF front end (e.g. Antenna inputs
for 4G LTE modem; to provide
connectivity within vehicles)
 Features/benefits:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1 channel of protection
Capacitance value of 0.35pF
RDYN = 0.7Ω
Bidirectional design
20kV contact discharge
0402 footprint (1.0mm x 0.6mm)
0201 footprint (0.6mm x 0.3mm)
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“Mission-critical” Applications for Automotive
Threat could be ESD or Surge…solution could be TVS Diode or Diode Array
• Engine control module
• Powertrain
• Anti-lock brakes
• Drive-by-wire
• Air bag and other safety circuits
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Automotive Market – TVS Diode Array Portfolio
Qual. Date
Voltage
ESD
Rating
Channels
(Polarity)
Capacitance
Package
SP1001-05JTG
DONE
6V
15kV
5 (Uni)
8pF
SC70-5
SP3030-01ETG
DONE
5V
20kV
1 (Uni)
0.5pF
SOD882 (0402)
SP3012-04UTG
DONE
5V
12kV
4 (Uni)
0.5pF
uDFN-10
SP3012-06UTG
DONE
5V
12kV
4 (Uni)
0.5pF
uDFN-14
SP3003-02UTG
DONE
6V
8kV
2 (Uni)
0.65pF
uDFN-6
SP3014-02UTG
DONE
5V
15kV
2 (Uni)
1.0pF
uDFN-6
SP3022-01ETG
DONE
5V
20kV
1 (Bidi)
0.35pF
SOD882 (0402)
SP1003-01ETG
DONE
5V
30kV
1 (Uni)
30pF
SOD882 (0402)
SP1005-01ETG
DONE
6V
30kV
1 (Bidi)
30pF
SOD882 (0402)
SMxx-02HTG
DONE
5-36V
30kV
2 (Uni)
50-400pF
SOT23-3
SDxx-01FTG
DONE
5-36V
30kV
1 (Uni)
50-350pF
SOD323 (0805)
SDxxC-01FTG
DONE
5-36V
30kV
1 (Bidi)
30-20pF
SOD323 (0805)
SM24CANA-02HTG
DONE
24V
24kV
2 (Bidi)
17pF
SOT23-3
SPHVxx-01ETG (-C)
DONE
12-36V
15-30kV
1 (Uni & Bidi)
13-60pF
SOD882 (0402)
SP2574NUTG
DONE
2.5V
30kV
4 (uni)
3.8pF
uDFN-12
SPHVxx-01KTG (-C)
Done
12-36V
15-30kV
1 (Uni & Bidi)
13-60pF
SOD882 (0402)
exposed side lead
SM24CANB-02HTG
Done
24V
30kV
2 (Bidi)
30pF
SOT23-3
Product
Littelfuse diode arrays provide a range of parts to solve general purpose,
high speed, and surge issues in the Automotive market
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Evolution of Automotive Communication Buses
Bus parameters and solutions
SD15C-01FTG (15V standoff)
SD24C-01FTG (24V standoff)
- Single channel protection
- SOD323 package
- Bidirectional design
- 30kV contact discharge
SD15C
- 75 pF
- Peak surge 12A (8/20us)
SD24C
- 50pF
- Peak surge 7A (8/20us)
SM24CANA-02HTG
- Two channel protection
- SOT23-3L package
- Bidirectional design (11 pF)
- 24kV contact discharge
- Peak surge 3A (8/20us)
SM24CANB-02HTG
- Two channel protection
- SOT23-3L package
- Bidirectional design (30 pF)
- 30kV contact discharge
- Peak surge 10A (8/20us)
SM24FLEX-0xHTG
- Two channel protection
- SOT23-3L package
- Four channel protection
- SOT23-5L package
- Bidirectional design
- <10 pF
- 20kV contact discharge
- Peak surge 3A (8/20us)
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SDxxC-01FTG, SDxx-01FTG
450W, SOD323 Diode for LIN and CAN Bus protection
The LIN (Local Interconnect Network) standard is a serial network protocol
used for communication between components in vehicles.
SD24C
 Target Applications:
–
–
–
–
Airbag sensors
Engine control module
Transmission/drive chain
Anti-lock braking
 Features/benefits:
–
–
–
–
–
–
2 channel of protection
5V to 36V operating voltage
Bidirectional design
30kV contact discharge
SOD323 package
50pF of capacitance
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SM24CANA-02HTG and SM24CANB-02HTG
200W/350W, SOT23-3L Diode Array for CAN Bus protection
CAN bus (Control Area Network) is a vehicle standard designed to allow
microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other within a vehicle
with no need for a host computer.
 Target Applications:
–
–
–
–
SM24CANx
Airbag sensors
Engine control module
Transmission/drive chain
Anti-lock braking
 Features/benefits:
–
–
–
–
–
–
2 channel of protection
24V operating voltage
Bidirectional design
24kV contact discharge
SOT23-3L package
17pF of capacitance
SM24CAN
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SPHVxx and SPHVxx-C Series
200W, 0402 Uni and Bi Directional Discrete Diode
 Target Applications:
 Features/benefits:
– Automotive Electronics
– LED Lighting systems
– CAN/LIN Buses
Part Number
SPHV12-01ETG
SPHV12-01ETG-C
VRWM
12V
SPHV15-01ETG
SPHV15-01ETG-C
SPHV24-01ETG
SPHV24-01ETG-C
SPHV36-01ETG
SPHV36-01ETG-C
15V
24V
36V
–
–
–
–
Capacitance 13pF to 30pF
±15kV to ±30kV contact discharge
0402 (SOD882) footprint
200W of transient surge
suppression capability (8/20µs)
– 12V, 15V, 24V, 36V ratings
MAX Capacitance
@ VR=0V
Dynamic
Resistance*
60pF
0.37Ω
30pF
0.48Ω
60pF
0.40Ω
30pF
0.51Ω
50pF
0.56Ω
25pF
0.65Ω
25pF
1.28Ω
12pF
1.33Ω
IPP (tP=8/20µs)
ESD Level
(Contact)
8A
±30kV
5A
±30kV
Packaging
SOD882
(1.0x0.6mm)
3A
±15kV
2A
±15kV
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Cross Comparison Table with Competitors
- Examples only; full list needs to be compiled
Littelfuse
NXP
SM24CANA-02HTG
PESD1CAN
PESD1FLEX
NUP2115L-D
SM24CANB-02HTG
PESD2CAN
NUP215L-D
SD24C-01FTG
PESD1LIN
SP3012-04UTG
SP3022-01WTG
ON Semi
ESD7004
ESD7181
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Success story at Mobileye
SM24CANA-02HTG – CAN bus protection
TPSMA6L5.0A, 2016L100/33 – power bus protection
Details:
• Mobileye designs systems for Lane Departure Warning, Collision
Avoidance Systems and Camera Applications.
• The engineer requested information on protection devices that
conform to AEC-Q qualifications. We were able to provide
guidance on the standard and then recommend parts for the
communication and power circuits.
• In this case, the value we provided was three protection
technologies, knowledge on AEC-Q standards, and the selection
of the appropriate parts for his circuits.
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46
Success story at Autotalks
SM24CANA-02HTG – CAN bus protection
TPSMDJ24A – power bus protection
Details:
• Autotalks is a fabless semiconductor supplier to the ADAS
market. Their CRATON processor is used in V2X systems that
allow vehicles to communicate with each other as well as
roadside structures.
• The engineer was not aware of the standards related to
components used in Automotive applications. We discussed
AEC-Q101 and provided product recommendations.
• Our recommendations were included in the Reference Design.
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Success story at BrightWay Vision
SP3012-04UTG – HDMI bus protection
SP1003-01ETG – power bus protection
Camera
Near-infrared light source
Details:
• BrightWay develops vision technology to improve safety and ease
of driving, specifically for nighttime and adverse weather conditions.
• The engineer was not aware of the standards related to
components used in Automotive applications. We discussed AECQ101 and provided product recommendations.
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Success story at Huber Automotive
SM24CANA-02HTG – CAN bus protection
Central Body Control Units
Details:
• Huber Group specializes in various Automotive control units. They
design both Body and Powertrain Control Units.
• In this case, they were using the PESD1CAN solution from NXP,
and have been put on allocation. Being a supplier to
Mercedes/Daimler, they had to find a reliable source, and we’ve been
able to step in. The SM24CANA has been approved by Mercedes.
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Success story at Altair Semi and Telit
SP3022-01ETG – RF Port protection
Altair Semi - 4G LTE Chipset
Telit – Auto Grade 4G LTE Modem
Details:
• Altair Semi specializes in the supply of LTE connectivity chipsets for
Mobile Broadband (1160 IC above), IoT, and Computing.
• Telit specializes in Wireless Solutions like 4G LTE modems to provide
connectivity in a wide range of applications and environments.
• In this specific case, our SP3022-01ETG has been approved for
protection of the RF inputs of the Altair Semi chipset. This has been
followed up at Telit where they have included the SP3022 in their
module and it has been approved. They will likely also approve the
0201 version of the SP3022 to save board space.
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50
Success story at Magneti Marelli
SESD0402X1UN – High speed data bus protection
Infotelematic Systems
Details:
• Magneti Marelli supplies a wide range of electronic systems to the
automotive market including Powertrain, Infotainment, Navigation,
Instrument Clusters, etc.
• In this case, they have an LVDS (low voltage differential signal)
system that carries high speed data between the head unit and the
in-car display. To provide robust ESD protection and to ensure signal
integrity they chose the SESD0402X1UN (0.2pF, 20kV contact).
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Automotive Summary
• Applications in the Automotive Electronics market
show good growth rates
• ICs in Automotive applications will continue to become
more sensitive to ESD and surge
• ISO 10605 is the Automotive Standard for testing
systems and modules for ESD susceptibility
• Littelfuse now has AEC-Q101 qualified Diode Arrays
and TVS Diodes that are compatible with the
Automotive environment
• We have had many design wins to date; the vast
majority of which are not OEM or Tier 1 based. There
was no complication involving ABU/ESBU “territory”.
This needs to be worked out (Delphi, Visteon, etc.), but
is not an impediment to success.
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AEC Q200 Varistor AUMOV /MLA-Auto Solution
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AUML series overview
Typical power bus applications
• Size ranges from 1206 to 2220
• All parts are rated at 18VDC
• Load Dump Energy varies by package size
• Peak surge current varies by package size
• Airbag restraint systems
• Anti-lock braking systems
• Engine control modules
• Direct injection systems
• Body controllers
• Wiper motors, window lifters, etc.
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AUMOV Series
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AUMOV Series Electrical Characteristics
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Thanks You
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