S f
Stefano Profumo
P f
UC Santa Cruz
Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics
Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics
Quantum-Cosmos Interface:
D k Matter
Dark
M tt & B
Baryogenesis
i
UCSC ‐ Physics 205
Monday March 2, 2015
 PhD Theoretical Particle Physics (2004)
PhD Theoretical Particle Physics (2004)
International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA‐ISAS), Trieste, Italy
 Postdoc, FSU and California Institute of Technology (2005‐2007)
Theoretical Astrophysics and Particle Physics
 Joined UCSC Physics Faculty (Assistant Professor, 2007‐2011, Associate Professor, July 2011‐)
, y
)
 Research funded by Department of Energy (Outstanding Junior
Investigator Award), National Science Foundation, NASA
 SCIPP Deputy Director for
SCIPP Deputy Director for Theory (July 2011‐)
(July 2011 )
Particle Theory Group
Banks, Dine, Haber
Profumo s
Profumo’s
Research
Group
Fermi Telescope Group
Atwood, Johnson, Ritz
ATLAS Group
Ni l
Nielsen,
S
Schumm,
h
S
Seiden
id
Postdocs
Graduate Students
Stefaniak
Shepherd
(from September: D’Eramo)
Cornell ( McGill)
Carlson
Coogan
Fernandez
Miller
Sampieri (from Brazil)
Undergraduate Students
Dolev, Pedroso, Roque
Profumo’s
Profumo
s
Research
Group
Profumo’s
Profumo
s Research Group:
ALUMNI
Postdocs
Shepherd  Niels Bohr Institute (postdoc, faculty candidate)
Draper  UC Santa Barbara (postdoc
(postdoc, faculty candidate)
Gonzalez  Permanent position (Universidad de Guanajuato, Mexico)
Quieroz  MPI (also future faculty at Natal, Brazil)
Graduate Students
Ubaldi (postdoc Bonn (Germany), now at Technion (Israel))
Kehayas (postdoc IPMU (Japan), now at Kansas
Linden (NASA postdoc fellow at U Chicago)
Kozaczuk (TRIUMF, Canada)
Wainwright (industry)
Cornell (postdoc McGill, Canada)
Blinov (postdoc
(
S C)
SLAC)
1. What is the origin of the tiny 1
What is the origin of the tin
excess of matter over anti‐matter?
2. What is the fundamental particle
physics nature of Dark Matter?
The Matter‐Antimatter (Baryon) Asymmetry
n Baryons  n Antibaryons
n
 10 10
No “Standard Model” of Baryogenesis!
CERN
g
Large Hadron Collider
Leptogenesis
GUT‐scale
GUT
scale
Baryogenesis
Primordial Primordial
Asymmetry
Electro‐weak
Baryogenesis
‐ Colliders (LHC, Linear Collider)
‐ Gravity Waves (Ligo, LISA)
‐ Electric Dipole Moments (d
El t i Di l M
t (de, d
dn, atoms))
“In
In so far as a scientific statement
speaks about reality,
it must be falsifiable:
And in so far as it is not falsifiable
it does not speak about reality
reality”
Karl Popper
Popper, “Logik
Logik der Forschung
Forschung” (1934)
“The Logic of Scientific Discovery”
(Supersymmetric) ElectroElectro-Weak Baryogenesis:
a falsifiable
f l ifi bl theory
th
Ingredients of Baryogenesis
(1) Baryon Number violation
If B is conserved,, the present
p
BAU can onlyy reflect asymmetric
y
initial conditions
(2) C and CP violation
In the absence of a “preference” for matter or antimatter, B-noncoserving interactions
will produce baryon and antibaryon excesses at the same rate: no net baryogenesis
(3) Out of Equilibrium conditions
In cchemical
e ca equ
equilibrium
b u tthe
ee
entropy
t opy iss maximal
a
a when
e the
t e chemical
c e ca pote
potential
ta
associated with all nonconserved quantum numbers vanishes
“Sakharov
(*)A.D.Sakharov,
JETP Letters 5, 24 (1967)
conditions”(*)
Electro‐Weak Baryogenesis
(1) Out of equilibrium regions
(bubble walls)
Unbroken
Phase
Broken
Phase
(2) CP‐violating interactions
( ) B‐viol. Sphalerons produce
(3)
p
p
net baryon number B in the regions of unbroken phase
B diffuses in the broken EW phase region, and freezes in
B is not washed out if sphaleron transitions are strongly suppressed in the br. phase
(i e if the PT is strongly first order)
(i.e. if the PT is strongly first order)
Experimental Tests of Electro‐Weak Baryogenesis
Gravity Waves from
Bubble Collisions
Large
Electric
Dipole
Moments
from CP
violation
Light superpartners, distinctive phenomenology at LHC
Electro‐Weak Baryogenesis
Masses of superpartners of Higgs and Photon
Electro‐Weak Baryogenesis
Within Reach of Large
Hadron Collider
Electro‐Weak Baryogenesis
Within Reach of Within
Reach of
Next‐Generation
EDM Searches
Electro‐Weak Baryogenesis: Recent Progress
 Comprehensive Phenomenological h
h
l
l
Analysis of MSSM Electro‐weak
Baryogenesis
 Complete calculation of electro‐weak 2‐loop EDM amplitudes
+ publicly available interface to numerical codes (2LEDM)
A model that does everything
•
•
•
•
Line with right cross section
Suppressed GR continuum
pp
Right Higgs mass
Right Thermal Relic Density
•
•
•
•
•
Successful EW Baryogenesis
Strongly first order EWPT
gy
OK with direct detection
OK with SUSY searches
OK with EDM searches
A model that does everything
A model that does everything…
…across all “three frontiers”!
ll “ h
f
”!
Higgs
(too much)
(too much)
Higgs
Death by
D
th b
EDM
Higgs
Kozaczuk, Profumo and Wainwright, 2013
Death by
Direct Detection
A model that does everything
Tunneling
Direction
in field space
Effective potential at critical temperature
(
(all NMSSM degrees of freedom included!)
g
)
CosmoTransitions
Efficientt annihillation no
E
ow
(Indirrect dettection)


q
q
Efficientt producction now
E
(Partticle collliders)
Particle Dark Matter: a multi‐pronged approach
in a Time of Discovery
in a Time of Discovery
Efficient scattering now
(Di t d
(Direct
detection)
t ti )
Slide Concept: J. Feng
Particle Dark Matter:
a comprehensive approach
a comprehensive approach for a cross‐disciplinary science Elementary
Particle
Theory
High-energy
astrophysics
LHC
Searches
LHC is probing cosmologically interesting regions
Only probed by Direct Detection
Only probed by Neutrino Telescopes
Only probed by Gamma‐Ray Telescopes
constrained
MSSM
Summary
Testable theories for
the origin of matter
A cross-disciplinary approach
in the hunt for dark matter


q
q