Example Calculations
Run Number:
Boiler 1
Date:
3/24/2003
Time:
1605-1705
Emission Calculation Symbols
Required Input Data
O2
NOx
POBS
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
4.2
43.2
55.0
1.5
70
70
30.18
0.73916
5780
6.0
30.18
Fuel Analysis Input
%C
%H
%N
%S
%O
GCV
=
=
=
=
=
=
85.2
12.8
0.01
0.12
1.84
19595
Fd (M19)*
=
9190
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
8991
0.0156
1.15
15.3
17.5
1.79
0.0580
19.4
1.39
0.045
0.5
0.09
0.003
CO
SO2
TAMB
TWET
PB
SVP
DSCFM
%H2O
Calculated Data
Fd-Factor (Fuel)
HAMB
ISO K-Factor
NOx (ppm@15%O2)
NOx(ppmISO@15%O2)
NOx (lb/hr)
NOx (lb/MMBtu)
CO (ppm@15%O2)
CO (lb/hr)
CO (lb/MMBtu)
SO2 (ppm@15%O2)
SO2 (lb/hr)
SO2 (lb/MMBtu)
oxygen concentration (dry/volume), (%)
oxides of nitrogen concentration (dry/volume), (ppm)
carbon monoxide concentration (dry/volume), (ppm)
sulfur dioxide concentration (dry/volume), (ppm)
ambient temperature (dry bulb basis), (oF)
ambient temperature (wet bulb basis), (oF)
ambient barometric pressure, (" Hg)
saturation vapor pressure at TAMB, (" Hg)
volumetric flowrate, (dscfm)
moisture in stack gas, (%)
observed combustor inlet absolute pressure at test, inches of mercury
percent by weight of carbon in fuel, (%)
percent by weight of hydrogen fuel, (%)
percent by weight of nitrogen in fuel, (%)
percent by weight of sulfur in fuel, (%)
percent by weight of oxygen in fuel, (%)
gross calorific value of fuel, (Btu/lb)
EPA Method 19 published F d-Factor from Table 19-2, (dscf/10 6 Btu)
*(optional use Method 19 value only when fuel analysis data is not available)
Fd-Factor calculated from fuel analysis
specific humidity, (pound of H 2O/pound of dry air)
ISO standard ambient conditions K-Factor, dimensionless
NOx, parts per million corrected to 15% oxygen
NOx, parts per million corrected to ISO conditions and 15% oxygen
NOx, pounds per hour
NOx, pounds per million British thermal units
CO, parts per million corrected to 15% oxygen
CO, pounds per hour
CO, pounds per million British thermal units
SO2, parts per million corrected to 15% oxygen
SO2, pounds per hour
SO2, pounds per million British thermal units
1. NOx Concentration Corrected to 15% Oxygen (NOx at 15% O2), parts per million
NOx at 15% O2
=
NOx at 15% O2
=
CEM.xls
(NOx) x [(20.9 - 15.0) / (20.9 - O2)]
15.3
parts per million (ppm)
Boiler
GamAir
2. ISO Standard Day Conditions K-Factor, dimensionless
ISO K-Factor
ISO K-Factor
=
(((Pref/Pobs)0.5) x (e(19(Hamb - 0.00633))) x ((288 oK/TAMB)1.53))
=
1.00
=
1.15
=
29.92
30.21
2.718
0.0156
294.3
x
1.1930
x
0.9676
where,
PREF
POBS
e
HAMB
TAMB
=
=
=
=
reference combustor inlet absolute pressure at 101.3 kilopascals ambient pressure, inches of Hg
observed combustor inlet absolute pressure at test, inches of mercury
transcendental constant, 2.718
humidity ratio in lb H2O/lb air (determined from ASHRAE Psychrometric Chart)
ambient temperature, degrees Kelvin (degrees Celsius + 273.15)
3. NOx Concentration Corrected to ISO Standard Day Conditions and 15% Oxygen, parts per million
NOx ISO and 15%O2
=
NOx ISO and 15%O2
=
(NOx ppm at 15% O2) x (ISO K-Factor)
17.5
ppm
4. Conversion Factor (for the calculation of pounds per dry standard cubic feet)
Conv. Factor
(2.205E-03 pounds/gram) x 1.00E-06
=
(22.414 liters/gram-mole) x (0.03531 ft 3/liter) x (528.27oR/492.27oR)
Conv. Factor
=
2.596E-09 pound per dry standard cubic foot
=
=
=
cubic feet per liter
degrees Rankine
molecular weight in grams per gram-mole (g/g-mole)
where,
3
ft /liter
o
R
MW
5a. NOx Concentration In Pounds Per Dry Standard Cubic Feet, lb/dscf
NOx Conc.
=
(ppm) x (molecular weight of NO2 gas) x (Conv. Factor)
(molecular weight of NO2 gas =
NOx Conc.
CEM.xls
=
5.16E-06
46
g/g-mole)
lb/dscf
Boiler
GamAir
5b. CO Concentration In Pounds Per Dry Standard Cubic Feet, lb/dscf
CO Conc.
=
(ppm) x (molecular weight of CO gas) x (Conv. Factor)
(molecular weight of CO gas =
CO Conc.
=
g/g-mole)
28
3.998E-06 lb/dscf
5c. SO2 Concentration In Pounds Per Dry Standard Cubic Feet, lb/dscf
SO2 Conc.
=
(ppm) x (molecular weight of SO2 gas) x (Conv. Factor)
(molecular weight of CO gas =
SO2 Conc.
=
64.06
g/g-mole)
2.495E-07 lb/dscf
6a. NOx Emission Rate, pounds per hour
NOx ER
=
NOx ER
(lb/dscf) x (DSCFM) x (60 minutes/hour)
1.79
lb/hr
6b. CO Emission Rate, pounds per hour
CO ER
=
CO ER
=
(lb/dscf) x (DSCFM) x (60 minutes/hour)
1.39
lb/hr
6c. SO2 Emission Rate, pounds per hour
SO2 ER
=
SO2 ER
=
(lb/dscf) x (DSCFM) x (60 minutes/hour)
0.09
lb/hr
7. Fd-Factor Based On Actual Fuel Analysis, dscf/MMBtu
Fd-Factor (Fuel)
=
Fd-Factor (Fuel)
=
CEM.xls
1.00E06 x (3.64%H) + (1.53%C) + (0.57%S) + (0.14%N) - (0.46%O)
GCV
8991
dscf/MMBtu
Boiler
GamAir
8a. NOx Emission Rate Using Actual Fuel Analysis Fd-Factor, pounds per million Btu
NOx ER Fd
=
NOx ER Fd
=
(lb/dscf) x (dscf/MMBtu) x [20.9 / (20.9 - O2)]
0.058
lb/MMBtu
8b. NOx Emission Rate Using EPA Method 19 Fd-Factor, pounds per million Btu
NOx ER M19 Fd
=
NOx ER M19 Fd
=
CEM.xls
(lb/dscf) x (dscf/MMBtu) x [20.9 / (20.9 - O2)]
0.059
lb/MMBtu
Boiler
GamAir