"For people
without
disabilities,
technology
makes
things
easier.
A program of the Institute on Disabilities at Temple University
For people
with
disabilities,
technology
makes
things
possible.”
FOR INFORMATION contact:
PIAT - Pennsylvania’s Initiative
on Assistive Technology
411S Student Center
1755 N 13th Street
Philadelphia, PA 19122
Tel:
800-204-7428 (voice)
866-268-0579 (TTY)
Fax:
215-204-6336
Email: ATinfo@temple.edu
Web: www://disabilities.temple.edu/piat
Presenters
• Amy Goldman, Associate Director
amy.goldman@temple.edu
215-204-3862
• Karen Latimer, Assistive Technology Specialist
klatimer@temple.edu
215-204-5097
3
Goals for Today
• Provide a brief overview of disability, particularly
people with physical, sensory, and intellectual
disabilities.
• Introduce “disability etiquette” to improve
communication with people with disabilities
• Increase your understanding of assistive technology
(AT) and how it helps people with functional needs
(including in an emergency or disaster)
• Provide resources for additional assistance
4
Why are we here?
• 2005 US Census Bureau reports
54.4 million Americans have a disability
• 19% of the US population –
about 1 in 5 Americans have a disability
• 46% of people with a disability are employed
(compared to 84% of the general population)
• www.census.gov
5
Why are we here?
Integrating Disability Access and Functional
Needs Efforts (Bulletin 361)
• Integrate and coordinate emergency
preparedness, response, and recovery for
children and adults with disabilities and others
with access and functional needs
• “Bake it in” – don’t just layer it on! (M. Roth)
6
In the Past…
We have treated people
with disabilities as
medically ill, child-like
(even if they are 50 years
old), helpless, needy and
not able to take
care of themselves
7
But today…
People with disabilities are:
• Active, healthy
• Educated, employed
• Independent world travelers
• Married
• Parents
• Tax-paying citizens
• Respected and contributing leaders, neighbors, colleagues and
friends
8
Language
Sticks and stones may break
my bones, but they will heal.
Words can hurt forever.
9
Watch your language!
• Many agencies use the term “consumer” to indicate a person
with a disability (who uses their services)
• Use “person first” language
– Why: Person first and then the disability
– Generally the most accepted words used to describe
people with disabilities
– Nothing is universally accepted, but this is current
language preferred by most people with disabilities
10
Watch your language!

handicapped
DON’T say
DO say
Person with
a disability
challenged
handi-capable
 Person who has a
“the disabled”
DO say
DON’T say
specific disability, such
as low vision or
intellectual disability
“the blind”
11
Watch your language!



DO say
Person who uses a wheelchair


DO say
Person who is deaf and
unable to speak

DO say
Person without a disability
12
DON’T say
Confined to
wheelchair
DON’T say
mute or dumb
afflicted
DON’T say
normal
Accommodations
What we can do to provide the
best service and experiences for
individuals with disabilities
13
Access is for Everyone!
http://www.edf.fr/html/pubtv_2005/diversites/edf_en.html
30 second Public Service Announcement demonstrating how it
would feel for the general public to be excluded from
everyday activities
14
The Basics - Site Accessibility
•
•
•
•
•
Paths clear of debris
Ramps and handrails as needed
Tables at appropriate heights to talk, write
Restrooms large enough for mobility devices
Seating for individuals who cannot stand for
long periods of time
• Multiple ways of communicating
• Clear signs with graphics
16
Hints for effective interactions
with individuals with disabilities
17
Don’t make assumptions about a
person based on what you “see”
or “hear”!
18
Individuals with Physical Disabilities
• May be a result of illness, accident (including injuries acquired
as a result of emergency or disaster) or from birth
• Often have a mobility impairment
• May use a wheelchair, walker, crutches, cane or have a
prosthetic device for mobility
• May use other devices for activities of daily living and
transportation (e.g. bath bench, lift, adapted vehicle)
• May not communicate with spoken words or have easily
understood speech
19
Individuals who use Wheelchairs
• Hints for interacting with people who use wheelchairs:
– Remember, there is a person in the wheelchair!
– Know the accessible routes
– Guide the chair using the handles & walk at your usual pace
– Do not place additional items on the chair, unless requested
by the person using the wheelchair
– Know where the brakes are on a wheelchair, and ask if you
need to put on the brakes
– Never move a person in a wheelchair unless you have
permission from the person in the wheelchair!
20
Individuals with Communication
Impairments
• USUALLY can hear what you are saying
• May or may not have difficulty understanding, as well as
expressing
• May have acquired the condition (e.g. stroke, laryngectomy) or
may have a developmental disability (e.g. cerebral palsy)
• May or may not have an intellectual disability
• May or may not have literacy skills
• May use, or need but not have, technology for communication
• May have access issues with telecommunications as well as faceto-face communication
21
Individuals with Communication
Impairments
Hints for helping people with communication impairments:
• People may use gestures, pictures or a device that has voice
output
• Listen with your eyes and ears
• Always speak directly to the person (not the people around
him/her, even if they are helping “translate”)
• Allow extra time, and if possible, provide a quiet place to talk
• Don’t pretend to understand when you do not – repeat what
you do understand, and ask for the part you didn’t understand
to be repeated.
22
Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities
• Are people first
• Are slow thinkers
• May have difficulty solving problems
• May have difficulty remembering things
• May have difficulty using language and making their
needs known
• May not have the ability to read
• May have short attention spans
23
R-Word
www.blueberryshoes.com/psa
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T549VoLca_Q
Two short “public service announcements” that stress
it is unacceptable to use the “R – word”
24
Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities
Hints for interacting with people with intellectual disabilities:
• Treat them with respect and dignity
• Treat them in an age-appropriate manner
• Give extra time for the person to process what you are saying and to respond
– Use short sentences, simple, concrete words, gestures while speaking
• Demonstrate what you mean; showing someone can be more effective than
telling
– Show a picture or gesture/indicate rather than just repeating information
verbally
– Accompany the individual to a location instead of giving them verbal
directions
25
Individuals with Autism
Hints for interacting with people with autism:
• Some people with autism may not speak or make eye contact.
• Some people are excited, frightened or distracted by noise and lights around
them. Try to minimize these environmental conditions.
• Unless absolutely necessary, do not touch a person with autism without their
permission. People with autism are often sensitive to touch and touch can be
painful.
• Look for signs of stress of confusion, and understand that rocking, repetitive
motion and repeating words/phrases may be comforting to a person with
autism.
• Repeat reassurances-don’t assume the person doesn’t understand because
they do not use words.
26
Individuals with Visual Impairment
• People with visual impairment include people who have low
vision as well as people who are blind
• People who are blind may have some sight
• You may not be able to “tell” that a person has a vision
impairment
• People who are blind may use a white cane or a dog guide
27
Individuals with Visual Impairment
Hints for interacting with individuals with visual
impairment:
• Announce your presence / departure
• Always speak directly to the person, not to his/her escort
• Ask if the person needs help and what type of help. Listen
and do what is asked.
• Use normal language and tone—don’t shout
• A guide dog is legally allowed everywhere with its owner, and
must not be treated as a pet. Do not separate a dog from it’s
owner.
28
29
Individuals with Visual Impairments
• When asked for directions, be specific
– Use language like “Go to your left” - Do not point or say over
there
• Ask if they can see landmarks
• Ask if they would like you to escort them
• When escorting, ask if they prefer to take your arm or follow you.
If they prefer to take your arm, touch their hand with your elbow
• When guiding to a chair, guide the person’s hand over the back of
the chair and to the seat
30
Individuals with Hearing Impairments
• People with hearing impairments include
– People who have some hearing ability
– People who have very little hearing ability
• Persons with a hearing loss may appear disoriented and confused
when all that is really wrong is that they cannot hear you.
Determine if the person has a hearing aid. If they do, is it available
and working? If it isn’t, can you get a new battery to make it work?
• To get the person’s attention, try catching his/her eye and/or
saying something. If that doesn’t work, tap their shoulder
• Speak to the person, not the interpreter or companion
31
Individuals with Hearing Impairments
• Not all people who are deaf use sign language
(especially those who are “late-deafened” – who lost
their hearing in adulthood)
• People who are deaf and who have used sign
language from an early age may consider themselves
part of the Deaf community, sharing Deaf culture
• Not all people who are hard of hearing can read lips
or “speech read” (only about 30% of spoken English
can be seen on the lips)
• Only 1 in 5 Americans who could benefit from a
hearing aid wears one
Individuals with Hearing Impairments
Hints for interacting with individuals with hearing impairments:
• Add gestures, facial expressions and body language to your words-always
maintain eye contact.
• If you are asked to repeat several times, try rephrasing or saying it a different
way
• Keep your face and mouth unobstructed
– Do face the person while speaking
– Do speak clearly
– Don’t chew gum
– Don’t shout
• Have paper and pen handy, if needed
• Provide a flashlight-darkness can make communication near impossible.
33
34
Individuals who are Deaf-Blind
• People who are deaf/blind may have some useable speech,
vision or hearing.
• Determine the individual’s specific communication needs-a
standard sign language interpreter is not sufficient to meet
the needs of a deaf/blind signer.
• Some people who are deaf/blind may be able to read print
written with a thick marker.
35
Individuals who are Deaf-blind
Hints for interacting with individuals who are deafblind:
• Identify yourself
• Do not assume that the person knows what is going on, share
as much information as possible.
• Always tell the person when you are leaving, even if it is for a
brief period of time.
• When guiding a deaf/blind person, always allow them to
follow you and hold your arm or elbow. This will give them
the information they need about the terrain you are walking.
36
MITIGATION PREPARATION
RECOVERY RESPONSE
Supports for individuals with visual, hearing and
communication impairments
ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY AND
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
Assistive Technology
• Assistive Technology, or “AT”, means the devices
that help people with disabilities do the things
they need and want to do AND the services
needed to help select, use, customize, and
maintain the devices.
• AT includes things that help you walk, move, talk,
see, hear, play, learn, and use a computer or
telephone, such as wheelchairs, walkers, devices
that talk, TTY, magnifiers and hearing aids
38
Assistive Technology Devices
• Can be everyday, simple and inexpensive
as well as complex, customized and costly
• AT is not matched to a medical diagnosis
or specific disability but rather to the
FUNCTIONAL LIMITATION the individual
experiences in trying to accomplish a task
or activity
AT and Emergency Preparation
• Individuals whose personal devices, including
mobility, hearing, and communication devices, are
not evacuated with them may lose their
independence by not having access to the AT they
need.
• Individuals with disabilities may not be able to
independently protect themselves or evacuate.
• Individuals with disabilities may not be able to read,
hear or comprehend emergency signals and other
critical communications
40
AT and Emergency Preparation
What you can do:
• Know accessible evacuation pathways and
designated waiting areas
• If individuals need to “shelter in place”, personal
belongings and devices may be necessary
• Know which and where mobility, telecommunication,
and other AT devices are available for short term,
interim, or ongoing use by the consumer.
41
AT and Emergency Preparation
What emergency planners can do:
• Include AT in emergency preparedness messaging,
reminding people that their “go kit” should include
back up batteries, chargers, and directions for the
use of their AT (e.g. putting a power chair in
“manual” mode”)
• Become familiar with the kinds of AT people with
disabilities may need and use, and any challenges
presented by the evacuation of the AT (e.g. size) or
the use of the AT (need for a power source)
42
AT and Emergency Preparation
What people with disabilities can do:
• Have a comprehensive list of all their AT (home; work; school)
• Keep the information about their AT
(manufacturer/make/model; Rx; vendor and service provider
contacts; manuals) along with their other important medical
information
• Have a back-up system (e.g. low-tech solutions), in case they
don’t have access to their device
• LABEL all components of their AT
• Be prepared! Have a plan!
43
Accommodating AT Users
• Hints for assistive technology if devices accompany
an individual:
– Keep devices within reach as best as possible
– Don’t move devices without communicating exactly what
you are doing with them
– Not all AT costs a lot of money, but treat every devices as
though it does
– Ask people what is the best way to handle their AT
44
Communication Options for People who are Deaf, Hard of
Hearing, or Who Have Speech Impairments
• American Sign
Language
Sign language graphic
Purple Video Relay Service on a iPad
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KdB
gfYorRNE&feature=feedwll&list=WL
– Interpreters live vs.
remote or video
phone
– iPad/iPod Apps
Sign language application for iPad
Communication Options for People who are Deaf, Hard of
Hearing, or Who Have Speech Impairments
• Text Based-English
– Handwriting
– Technology
CART
Ubi-duo
•
•
•
•
Ubi-Duo in Healthcare
http://www.youtube.com/wa
tch?v=ZpNBB1ZYBtI
Cell Phones
Computers
iPad/iPod
Computer Aided Real-Time
Transcription (CART)
• Ubi-duo or similar device
iPad
Communication Options for People who are Deaf, Hard
of Hearing, or Who Have Speech Impairments
• Sign Language for Emergency
Situations DVD
• American Sign Language (ASL)
pocket folder contains basic signs
while the back presents signs
geared for medical and disaster
preparedness
• http://www.signingfamilies.com/
Emergency Communication Tool
http://disabilities.temple.edu/aacvocabulary/EMERGENCY.shtml
Communication Options for People who are Deaf, Hard of
Hearing, or Who Have Speech Impairments
Pocket Talker
• Simple amplification
system like the Pocket
Talker can assist
someone to hear
better but it will amplify
all sounds, including
environmental noises.
Communication Options for People who are Deaf, Hard of
Hearing, or Who Have Speech Impairments
FM System
• An FM system provides
a transmitter and
receiver. The person
with the hearing loss
uses the receiver to
hear the amplified voice
of the speaker. Only the
speaker’s voice is
amplified for the
listener.
Communication Options for People who Have
Speech Impairments
• Individuals with speech
impairments may use
simple devices to assist
with speech including
pictures or recorded
devices
•Picture exchange book
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ux1KIrz5rpY&fea
ture=related
Communication Options for People who Have
Speech Impairments
• Some individuals may use computer-based
devices that are high-tech and expensive, but
allow for complex communication
Computer based communication device
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2yujWBQsOw0&feature=related
Magnification Products for Individuals with
Low Vision or Blindness
• Handheld and lighted magnification
Magnification Products for Individuals with
Low Vision or Blindness
• Video Magnifiers
Magnification Products for Individuals with
Low Vision or Blindness
• Alternative Keyboards and Voice Output
devices
JAWS demo
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IK97XMi
bEws&feature=related
QUIZ
True or False - and why?
1. If possible, one should sit down when
speaking to a person in a wheelchair.
2. When talking to a person who is deaf and is
accompanied by a sign language interpreter ,
speak directly to the interpreter.
3. The first thing you should do when meeting a
person who is traveling with a service dog is kneel
down and greet the dog.
57
True or False – and why?
4. You should always have pen and paper
available while working at a Disability
Resource Center.
5. Asking a person who has a speech
impairment to repeat themselves will only
make it worse.
6. Only people who are legally blind may bring
service animals into shelters.
58
True or False – and why?
7. If you are unsure of how to help someone with
a disability, asking them will only make you look
stupid and be embarrassing for them. Use your
best judgment.
8. It is okay to touch the shoulder of a person who
is deaf in order to get their attention.
59
True or False – and why?
9. When giving directions to someone in a
wheelchair, pointing out where ramps,
elevators, and accessible restrooms draws
negative attention to their disability.
10.When guiding a person who is blind, take their
hand in order to lead them to where they want
to go.
60
Harley Rider – Don’t Assume Anything!
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d8GzEbjPG-E
Fun 30 second commercial exemplifying why you
shouldn’t assume anything about a person!
61
Questions?
Thanks for
your
attention
and
participation!
62
Resources in the
*Philadelphia Area
for More Information about People
with Disabilities
*We can also refer to you similar programs across
the state and across the country
63
Where can I find information about services/support
for customers and colleagues with disabilities?
– Institute on Disabilities at Temple University
– Pennsylvania’s Initiative on Assistive Technology
– Disability Rights Network of Pennsylvania
– Liberty Resources, The Philadelphia Center for
Independent Living
– Mid-Atlantic ADA Center
64
Institute on Disabilities at Temple
University
The Institute on Disabilities is dedicated to working
with people with disabilities and families
throughout Pennsylvania, to provide innovative
services and research, policy analysis and
insightful training on both the university and
community levels.
65
Institute on Disabilities at Temple
University
411 S Student Center
1755 N 13th Street
Philadelphia, PA 19122
Voice/TTY: 215-204-1356 Fax: 215-204-6336
Email: iod@temple.edu
Web: www.disabilities.temple.edu
66
Pennsylvania’s Initiative on
Assistive Technology (PIAT)
Pennsylvania's Initiative on Assistive Technology (PIAT), a
program of the Institute on Disabilities at Temple University,
strives to enhance the lives of all Pennsylvanians with
disabilities, older Pennsylvanians, and their families, through
assistive technology devices and services, which allow for
choice, control and independence at home, work, school,
play, and in their neighborhoods. Key programs include
device demonstrations, device reuse, and device lending.
67
Pennsylvania’s Initiative on
Assistive Technology (PIAT)
411 S Student Center
1755 N 13th Street
Philadelphia, PA 19122
Voice: 800-204-PIAT (7428); 215-204-5395
TTY: 866-268-0579; Fax: 215-204-9371
Email: ATinfo@temple.edu
Website: http://disabilities.temple.edu/piat
68
Disability Rights Network
of Pennsylvania (PA DRN)
The mission of the Disability Rights Network of
Pennsylvania is to advance, protect, and
advocate for the human, civil, and legal rights
of Pennsylvanians with disabilities.
69
Disability Rights Network
of Pennsylvania (PA DRN)
Philadelphia Office
The Philadelphia Building
1315 Walnut St., Suite 400
Philadelphia, PA 19107–4798
Voice: (215) 238-8070
TTY: (215) 789-2498
Fax: (215) 772-3126
Email: drnpa-phila@drnpa.org; Website: http://drnpa.org/
70
Liberty Resources –
Center for Independent Living
Liberty Resources, Inc. is the Center for
Independent Living for the Philadelphia area,
which advocates for and works with Persons
with Disabilities to ensure their civil rights and
equal access to all aspects of life in our
community.
71
Liberty Resources –
Center for Independent Living
Philadelphia Office
714 Market Street, Suite 100
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Voice: 215-634-2000; 888-634-2155
TYY: 215-634-6630; Fax: 215-634-6628
Email: LRinc@libertyresources.οrg
Website: http://www.libertyresources.org/
72
Mid-Atlantic ADA Center
The Mid-Atlantic ADA Center is one of 10 regional
centers established to provide training, information,
and technical assistance on the Americans with
Disabilities Act (ADA) to businesses, consumers,
schools, and state and local governments.
73
Mid-Atlantic ADA Center
451 Hungerford Drive, Suite 700
Rockville, MD 20850
Voice/TTY: 800-949-4232; 301-217-0124
FAX: 301-217-0754
Website: http://www.adainfo.org
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Please complete the evaluation!