FLAME RETARDANTS 35 Br Brominated Flame Retardants P 30.97 15 Phosphorus Flame Retardants 12 Magnesium Flame Retardants 79.90 Mg 24.31 7 N 14.01 Nitrogen Flame Retardants ICL INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS Caring For Your Future Today ICL Industrial Products (ICL-IP), which manufactures products to enhance safety and human well being, is the industrial chemicals sector of Israel Chemicals Limited (ICL). ICL-IP is the world’s largest producer of elemental bromine, and a leader in the production and marketing of bromine and bromine compounds, supplying over 33% of global demand. It also has a leading position in the manufacturing of phosphorusbased compounds for fire safety. Resources and Quality The Dead Sea, which has the world’s highest concentration of bromine, is a virtually unlimited source of supply. These rich natural resources, together with a highly professional workforce, enable ICL–IP to produce bromine and bromine-based chemicals as well as minerals of the highest quality, in the most efficient manner. Cutting-edge technology tamed by talented, knowledgeable and dedicated teams of individuals has further inspired ICL-IP to integrate the complementary chemistry of phosphorus. This has resulted in diverse eco-friendly uses in industries such as flame retardants, plasticizers, hydraulic fluids, organic intermediates, water treatment, pharmaceutical chemicals, stabilizers, curing activators, viscosity enhancers, refractory materials, etc. Unique Customer Service ICL–IP offers its customers the advantages of geographic proximity to major markets, internationallybased subsidiaries coordinating the supply of finished products to the customers’ doorstep, experienced technical support, and a workforce fully committed to quality and the protection of the environment. Global Production and Marketing Facilities ICL–IP operates the world’s largest elemental bromine production plant at the Dead Sea. The company’s bromine compounds plants in Israel and the Netherlands, along with Sinobrom, a JV in China, offer customer-oriented manufacturing facilities based on long-standing technological expertise. ICL-IP is the industry leader in the manufacture, distribution and service of phosphorus-based flame retardants, plasticizers, lubricants and hydraulic fluids, with production plants in the US, Germany and China. The company’s worldwide marketing subsidiaries are: ICL-IP Europe B.V., The Netherlands; ICL-IP Israel Sales Office; ICL-IP America Inc., USA; ICL-IP Japan Ltd., Japan; ICL Asia Ltd., Hong-Kong, ICL China, PR China and ICL Brazil, Brazil. Safety, Ecology and Quality Assurance Strict adherence to international regulations on safety and environmental issues are core policies at ICLIP, whose major plants have been granted ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 accreditation for Environmental and Safety Management Systems. ICL-IP utilizes Total Quality Management, Lean and Six Sigma methodologies across its plants worldwide to ensure consistent quality and to achieve improvements in its processes. ICL-IP supports the goals of the new EU regulation, Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH Regulation, EC 1907/2006), which came into force on June 1, 2007. This regulation ensures the protection of human health and the environment, while minimizing animal testing and maintaining the competitiveness of the European chemical industry. ICL-IP will fully comply with the requirements of REACH, and all other regulatory systems worldwide, for all its existing and new flame retardants. Furthermore, ICL-IP has actively initiated and developed a program to reduce waste production and environmental emissions through a code of good practice known as the Voluntary Emission Control Action Program – VECAP. Dear customer! This brochure is designed as a working tool for your needs in flame retardancy. We, at the Flame Retardant Business Unit (FR BU) of ICL–IP, offer the plastics industry the most effective flame retardants that help enhance consumer safety, while being committed to environmental concerns. We invite you to make use of this brochure, benefit from our wide range of flame retardant solutions and contact us for updates of current activities and future developments. Response to needs of Markets and Industries The FR BU takes an in-depth view of the plastic industry’s supply chain, so that its products and solutions are directly responsive to each market segment’s special needs and challenges. We continuously study and monitor the requirements and trends of these market segments, including those of their supporting industries, which enables us to offer a valuable contribution to our customers by meeting their current needs and future requirements. Flame Retardants for Most Applications Using the vast natural resource of bromine and minerals in the Dead Sea, ICL-IP produces a series of highquality flame retardant products, applicable to a wide range of plastics, polymers and polymer alloys. ICLIP also offers the world’s most comprehensive range of phosphorus-based flame retardants, fire resistant plasticizers and hydraulic fluids for high demanding applications. Bromine- and Phosphorus-based flame retardants are considered as the two most efficient FR families, and in fact, constitute approximately 55% (in value) of total FR usage. ICL–IP’s portfolio also includes a few additional non-halogen- and nonphosphorus-based FRs such as high purity grades of Magnesium Hydroxide and Melamine Cyanurate. Polyquel™, and Series As a part of the FR BU’s focus on market needs, we have initiated a unique approach by developing tailormade solutions: • Polyquel™ is a new, fully active and dust-free polymeric flame retardant series, constituting a step forward in complying with the industry’s most stringent environmental guidelines such as European REACH and US TSCA legislations. • SaFRon® series for high demanding polyurethane foam applications. • TexFRon® series for high quality textile coating applications.. Polymeric Flame Retardants for Sustainability Polymeric flame retardants are sustainable products in accordance with many national and international human health and environmental regulations. They have long been recognized as the safest and most “elegant” flame retardants of high molecular weight man-made materials. Non-leaching Due to their low solubility in water, polymeric flame retardants, once incorporated into the end-product plastic matrix, become integrated with the plastic and leaching is not expected to occur. Non-bio-accumulative Their high molecular weight makes them unlikely to penetrate through the cell membranes of living tissues. Non-blooming Furthermore, they do not migrate to the surface of the plastic during aging, thus eliminating any potential blooming in the finished product. ICL-IP is promoting several ranges of brominated polymeric flame retardants for most applications: • FR-1025: brominated polyacrylate • F-2000 series: brominated epoxy polymers with a wide range of molecular weight • F-3000 series: end-capped brominated epoxy polymers with various molecular weights • FR-803P: brominated polystyrene • FR-122P: Brominated butadiene / styrene block copolymer. FR-11 FR-122P FR-245 FR-370 FR-513 FR-522 FR-613 FR-720 FR-803P FR-1025 FR-1206 FR-1210 * FR-1410 FR-1524 * Not sold in the US for most applications and in Europe if RoHS compliance is needed BROMINATED EPOXY FLAME RETARDANTS F-2001 F-2200HM F-2016 F-2100, F-2400 F-3014, F-3020 F-3100 TAILOR MADE FR SOLUTIONS PolyquelTM 140 PolyquelTM 145 PolyquelTM 240, PolyquelTM 241 6605 series Latex / Adhesives Textiles / Fibers Chip / Particle Boards Rigid PUF Flexible PUF Unsaturated Polyesters Phenolic Resins Epoxy Resins Rubbers / Elastomers PVC / Flexible Alloys PC / PC ABS Nylon = Polyamide PBT / PET Polypropylene ABS EPS / XPS BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS HIPS APPLICATIONS Polyethylene SELECTION TABLE Fyrol FR-2/ Fyrol 38 (low scorch version of Fyrol FR-2) Fyrol HF-4 Fyrol HF-5 / HF-5HP Fyrol 6 Fyrol A300TB Fyrol PCF Fyrol P26 Fyrol PNX Fyrol PNX-LE (Low Emission) FYROLFLEX™ Fyrolflex RDP/ RDP-HP Fyrolflex Sol-DP PHOSFLEX™ Phosflex 4 PHOSFLEX™ Phosflex T-BEP Phosflex 31L/41L Phosflex 375 Phosflex 71B Phosflex 362 Phosflex 390 Phosflex 418 LINDOL™ Lindol Lindol XP Plus INORGANIC FLAME RETARDANTS FR-20 FR-1120 (synergist) FOR MORE INFORMATION VISIT OUR WEBSITE: WWW.ICLFR.COM Cellulosic Plastic Composite Latex / Adhesives Textiles / Fibers Chip / Particle Boards Rigid PUF Flexible PUF Unsaturated Polyesters Phenolic Resins Epoxy Resins Rubbers / Elastomers PVC / Flexible Alloys PC / PC ABS Nylon = Polyamide PBT / PET Polypropylene Polyethylene ABS EPS / XPS FYROL™ SERIES HIPS / PPO PHOSPHORUS FLAME RETARDANTS PRODUCTS & PROPERTIES BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS FR-11 NH4Br Ammonium bromide APPLICATIONS: Chipboard, Wood Paper, Textile M.W. SPECIFIC GRAVITY BROMINE CONTENT MELTING RANGE/POINTSOFTENING RANGE 98 2.43 81% M.P. 452°C 100000 1.6 65% S. R. 120-140 2% @ 243°C 5% @ 257°C 10% @ 264°C 1067 2.44 67% M.P. 230°C 2% @ 360°C 5% @ 385°C 10% @ 400°C 1018.5 2.30 70% (3% P) M.P. 181°C 1% @ 282°C 5% @ 309°C 10% @ 319°C 324.9 2.30 73% M.P. 65°C 2% @ 135°C 5% @ 152°C 10% @ 166°C 261.9 2.23 60% M.P. 109.5°C 2% @ 200°C 5% @ 225°C 10% @ 245°C 330.8 2.55 72% M.P. 93°C 5% @ 120°C 10% @ 132°C 943.2 2.30 68% M.R. 113-117°C 1% @ 291°C 5% @ 306°C 10% @ 313°C TGA %WT. LOSS @ TEMP. CAS No. 12124-97-9 FR-122P ( polymer) Polymeric FR APPLICATIONS: EPS and XPS ADVANTAGES: non blooming, non leachable, low loading and good FR efficiency FR-245 Tris(tribromophenoxy) triazine APPLICATIONS: HIPS, ABS ADVANTAGES: combination of good flow and impact, UV and thermal stability, non-blooming CAS No. 1195978-93-8 Br Tris(tribromoneopentyl) phosphate APPLICATIONS: PP, HIPS, ABS, XPS, Alloys, Adhesives, Fibers ADVANTAGES: UV and light stability, non-blooming FR-513 Tribromoneopentyl alcohol APPLICATIONS: PU rigid and flexible foams, FR intermediate ADVANTAGES: meets high FR standards, high thermal stability, non-leaching, reactive FR-522 Dibromoneopentyl glycol APPLICATIONS: UPE, PU rigid foams ADVANTAGES: high level of flame retardancy, light stability, transparency, reactive, nonleaching FR-613 Tribromophenol APPLICATION: FR Intermediate, end capping of brominated epoxies ADVANTAGES: non-leaching Br BrBr N NBr O Br Br FR-370 Br NO O Br CAS No. 25713-60-4 CH2Br | O=P– OCH2–C–CH2Br | CH 2Br 3 CAS No. 19186-97-1 CH2Br | HO–CH2–C–CH2–Br | CH2Br CAS No. 36483-57-5 CH2Br | HO–CH2–C–CH2–OH | CH2Br CAS No. 3296-90-0 OH BrBr Br CAS No. 118-79-6 FR-720 Tetrabromobisphenol A bis(2,3 dibromopropyl ether) APPLICATIONS: PP, HIPS, ABS ADVANTAGES: good FR efficiency and thermal stability Br CH Br 3 | BrCH2CHCH2O COCH2CHCH2Br | | | Br CH3 Br Br Br CAS No. 21850-44-2 BROMINATED AND BROMINATED EPOXY FLAME RETARDANTS FR-803P (polymer) –CH–CH2– n Brominated polystyrene APPLICATIONS: Nylon, PBT, PET ADVANTAGES: good CTI, thermal stability, non-blooming M.W. SPECIFIC GRAVITY BROMINE CONTENT MELTING RANGE/POINTSOFTENING RANGE TGA %WT. LOSS @ TEMP. 600000 2.1 66% min. S.R. 265-324°C 2% @ 340°C 5% @ 358°C 10% @ 374°C 600000 2.50 71% M.R. 190-220°C 2% @ 320°C 5% @ 330°C 10% @ 335°C 641.7 2.18 73% M.R. 175-185°C 2% @ 243°C 5% @ 247°C 10% @ 249°C 959.2 3.45 83% M.P. 305°C 1% @ 322°C 5% @ 362°C 10% @ 385°C 971.2 3.25 82% M.P. >350 2% @ 322°C 5% @ 345°C 10% @ 360°C 543.7 2.17 58.5% M.P. 181°C 2% @ 262°C 5% @ 284°C 10% @ 301°C x=2.7 \ Brx CAS No. 88497-56-7 FR-1025 (polymer) —CH2—CH—n Brominated polyacrylate APPLICATIONS: PBT, Nylon, Alloys ADVANTAGES: excellent thermal aging, CTI, good impact, compatibility with fiber reinforcement and recycling | C=OBr\/Br | O­ —CH2— —Br Br/ Br \ CAS No. 59447-57-3 FR-1206 Br\/Br Hexabromocyclododecane APPLICATIONS: EPS, XPS ADVANTAGES: high purity, low loading and good FR efficiency Br// Br \\ Br Br CAS No. 3194-55-6 FR-1210* Br\/BrBr\/Br Decabromodiphenyl oxide APPLICATIONS: HIPS, PE, PP, ABS, PBT, UPE, Epoxy, Nylon 6, Textiles ADVANTAGES: FR efficiency, exceptional thermal stability and multi-purpose. Br—­ — O—­ —Br Br/\BrBr/\Br CAS No. 1163-19-5 FR-1410 Decabromodiphenyl ethane APPLICATIONS: HIPS, PE, PP, PBT, nylon, UPE, Epoxy ADVANTAGES: FR efficiency, exceptional thermal stability and multi-purpose FR-1524 Tetrabromobisphenol-A APPLICATIONS: Epoxy, Polycarbonate Resins, ABS ADVANTAGES: high reactivity, low color, high clarity, good FR efficiency good solubility Br Br Br H H C Br Br Br Br C H H Br Br Br CAS No 84852-53-9 Br\ CH Br / 3 | HO—­ —C —­ —OH | Br/ CH3 Br \ CAS No. 79-94-7 * Not sold in the US for most applications and in Europe if RoHS compliance is needed F-2000 SERIES - Brominated Epoxy - Low molecular weight F-2001 APPLICATIONS: Unsaturated polyester and vinyl ester resins ADVANTAGES: High UV stability, solubilty in styrene Br\ CH BrOH / 3 | | 1000 1.80 49-51% M.R. 60-70°C 1% @ 280°C 5% @ 320°C 10% @ 340°C 700 1.80 48% M.R. 108-118°C 1% @ 289°C 5% @ 326°C 10% @ 343°C —O—­ — C —­ —OCH \/ \ | \ CH3 Br/ Br CH2 CH2— n— CAS No. 68928-70-1 F-2200 HM (Proprietary) APPLICATIONS: XPS, HIPS, Polyolefins ADVANTAGES: Thermal stabilizer, corrosion resistant, processing aid Br\ CH BrOH / 3 | | —O—­ —C —­ —OCH \/ \ | \ CH3 Br/ Br CH2 CH2— n— CAS No. 3072-84-2 FOR MORE INFORMATION VISIT OUR WEBSITE: WWW.ICLFR.COM PRODUCTS & PROPERTIES BROMINATED EPOXY FLAME RETARDANTS M.W. SPECIFIC GRAVITY BROMINE CONTENT SOFTENING RANGE/TG TGA %WT. LOSS @ TEMP. F-2016 (polymer) 1600 1.80 50% S.R. 105-121°C 2% @ 328°C 5% @ 348°C 10% @ 363°C F-2100L (polymer) 10000 1.80 52% 170-190°C 1% @ 355°C 5% @ 364°C 10% @ 361°C F-2100 (polymer) 20000 1.80 52% S.R. 180-205°C 1% @ 350°C 5% @ 357°C 10% @ 361°C F-2100H (polymer) 25000 1.80 52% Tg 130-150°C 2% @ 348°C 5% @ 355°C 10% @ 359°C F-2400E (polymer) 32000 1.80 53% Tg 145-155°C 2% @ 345°C 5% @ 352°C 10% @ 357°C F-2400 (polymer) 50000 1.80 53% Tg 145-155°C 2% @ 345°C 5% @ 352°C 10% @ 357°C F-2400H (polymer) 58000 68000 1.80 53% Tg 145-155°C 2% @ 345°C 5% @ 352°C 10% @ 357°C 1400 1.90 60% S.R. 87-105°C 2% @ 293°C 5% @ 330°C 10% @ 350°C 2000 1.90 56% S.R. 105-120°C 2% @ 290°C 5% @ 318°C 10% @ 349°C 15000 1.90 53% S.R. 180-220°C 2% @ 343°C 5% @ 352°C 10% @ 358°C F-2000 SERIES - Brominated Epoxy polymer* Br\ CH BrOH / 3 | | —O—­ —C —­ —OCH \/ \ | \ CH3 Br/ Br CH2 CH2— n— CAS No. 68928-70-1 APPLICATION: ABS ADVANTAGES: good processability, high thermal and UV stability, non-blooming APPLICATIONS: PBT, PC/ABS ADVANTAGES: high thermal and UV stability, non-blooming, non corrosive, excellent processability APPLICATIONS: PBT, PC/ABS ADVANTAGES: high thermal and UV stability, non-blooming, non-corrosive, excellent processability APPLICATIONS: PBT, PET, Alloys (PC/ABS) ADVANTAGES: good mechanical, physical and flow properties, high thermal and UV stability APPLICATIONS: PBT, PET, Nylon, TPU, Alloys, ABS ADVANTAGES: high thermal and UV stability, nonblooming, excellent processability APPLICATIONS: PBT, PET, Nylon, TPU, Alloys, ABS ADVANTAGES: high thermal and UV stability, nonblooming, excellent processability APPLICATIONS: PBT, PET, Nylon, TPU, Alloys, ABS ADVANTAGES: high thermal and UV stability, nonblooming, excellent processability F-3000 SERIES - End capped Brominated Epoxy* OH OH | | CH CH /\ /\ Br /\ CH2CH2 Br Br /\ CH2CH2 Br | | | | /OO\ /OO\ / \ / \ / \ / \ BrBr Br/\ C Br BrBr H3CCH3n F-3014 APPLICATIONS: HIPS, ABS ADVANTAGES: good processability, nonblooming, high thermal and UV stability, good HDT impact strength, low metal adhesion CAS No. 158725-44-1 F-3020 (polymer) APPLICATIONS: HIPS, ABS ADVANTAGES: good processability, nonblooming, hight thermal and UV stability, good HDT impact strength, low metal adhesion CAS No. 135229-48-0 F-3100 (polymer) APPLICATIONS: PBT, Nylon, Alloys, ABS ADVANTAGES: processing - aid, excellent flow properties, non-blooming low metal adhesion and good thermal and UV stability CAS No. 135229-48-0 * Molecular weight can be tailored to specific requirements PHOSPHORUS FLAME RETARDANTS SPECIFIC GRAVITY PHOSPHORUS CONTENT CHLORINE CONTENT VISCOSITY mPa.s - 25°C TGA %WT. LOSS @ TEMP. 1.52 7.1% 49.0% 1800 2% @ 205°C 5% @ 225°C 10% @ 240°C 1.18 8.5% 70 2% @ 215°C 5% @ 235°C 10% @ 250°C 1.3 14% 900 2% @ 169°C 5% @ 213°C 10% @ 259°C 1.16 12.0% 200 5% @ 170°C 10% @ 195°C 1.48 7.1% 47% 1050 2% @ 195°C 5% @ 215°C 10% @ 235°C 1.29 9.5% 32.5% 65 2% @ 145°C 5% @ 165°C 10% @ 180°C 1.31 26% not melting solid 2% @ 295°C 5% @ 310°C 10% @ 320°C FYROL™ SERIES Fyrol FR-2/Fyrol 38* Tris (1,3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate APPLICATIONS: Flexible PU foam, epoxy resin and phenolics, unsaturated polyesters ADVANTAGES: Excellent processing, good thermal and hydrolytic stability, low fogging OCH2Cl || / P–O–CH \ CH2Cl 3 * Fyrol 38 is a low scorch version of Fyrol FR-2 CAS No. 13674-87-8 Fyrol HF-4 Proprietary halogen-free flame retardant APPLICATIONS: Flexible PU foam ADVANTAGES: Excellent processing, low viscosity, low scorch. Proprietary stabilized flame retardant Fyrol HF-5 / HF-5HP Proprietary halogen-free FR additive APPLICATIONS: Flexible PUF ADVANTAGES: FR efficiency, low viscosity, low fogging and low VOC emissions Proprietary Fyrol 6 Diethyl N,N bis (2-hydroxyethyl) aminomethylphosphonate APPLICATIONS: Reactive non halogen FR for rigid PU foam and urethane elastomers ADVANTAGES: Excellent for spray, pour-inplace systems and slab foams permanency in PU foams OC2H4–OH || / C2H5–O–P–CH2–N |\ OC2H4–OH | C2H5 CAS No. 2781-11-5 Fyrol A300TB Proprietary chloralkyl phosphate blend APPLICATIONS: Flexible PU foam for automotive applications ADVANTAGES: Easy processing, meeting the fogging requirement of the automotive industry Proprietary chloroalkyl phosphate ester blend Fyrol PCF Tris 2-chloroisopropyl phosphate. APPLICATIONS: Isocyanurate and rigid PU foams, flexible PU foam (BS5852), unsaturated polyesters and phenolics ADVANTAGES: Excellent thermal and hydrolytic stability, low viscosity OCH2Cl || / P–O–CH \ CH3 3 CAS No. 13674-84-5 Fyrol P26 Proprietary APPLICATIONS: PE, PP, PBT, nylon, UPE, Epoxy ADVANTAGES: FR efficiency, FR synergist, high thermal stability and transparency Proprietary FOR MORE INFORMATION VISIT OUR WEBSITE: WWW.ICLFR.COM PRODUCTS & PROPERTIES PHOSPHORUS FLAME RETARDANTS SPECIFIC GRAVITY PHOSPHORUS VISCOSITY CONTENT mPa.s - 25°C MELTING RANGE TGA %WT. LOSS @ TEMP. FYROL™ SERIES Fyrol PNX Oligomeric ethyl ethylene phosphate APPLICATIONS: Flexible PU foam, paper treatment ADVANTAGES: very high efficiency, low VOC/FOG O O || || C2H5–O–P–O–(CH2)2–O–P–O–C2H5 | 1.31 19% 1000 2% @ 185°C 5% @ 215°C 10% @ 235°C 1.31 19% 2250 2% @ 185°C 5% @ 215°C 10% @ 235°C 1.31 10.7% 105 @ 55°C 2% @ 290°C 5% @ 325°C 10% @ 360°C 1.30 10.7% M.P. 105-108°C 2% @ 300°C 5% @ 335°C 10% @ 350°C 0.98 11.7% 5 2% @ 115°C 5% @ 135°C 10% @ 150°C 1.02 7.8% 12 2% @ 170°C 5% @ 200°C 10% @ 225°C 1.18 8.3% 60 2% @ 210°C 5% @ 230°C 10% @ 245°C n| O O || C2H5 C 2H 5 CAS No. 184538-58-7 Fyrol PNX-LE (Low Emission) Modified oligomeric ethyl ethylene phosphate APPLICATIONS: Flexible PU foam, ADVANTAGE: Low emission version of Fyrol PNX, low fogging/VOC for automotive CAS No. 184538-58-7 FYROLFLEX™ SERIES Fyrolflex RDP/RDH-HP O Resorcinol bis(diphenyl phosphate) APPLICATIONS: Polycarbonate and its alloys, polyphenylene ether blends, styrenics, phenolic laminates ADVANTAGES: High efficiency, high thermal stability || –O–P–O\ | O | O || O–P–O– / n| O | CAS No. 125997-21-9 Fyrolflex Sol-DP Proprietary aromatic phosphate APPLICATIONS: Polycarbonate and its alloys, polyphenylene ether blends, UL94/V-2 ABS, processing aid for engineering resins ADVANTAGES: Easy to handle solid free-flowing powder, high efficiency and good hydrolytic stability Proprietary free-flowing powder, dust free powder PHOSFLEX™ SERIES Phosflex 4 Tributyl phosphate APPLICATIONS: De-airing additive, extraction agent in metal and phosphoric acid production, high-boiling solvent for inks and paints. ADVANTAGE: Low viscosity Phosflex T-BEP Tris(butoxyethyl) phosphate APPLICATIONS: Emulsions of floor finishes, leveling agent in latex paints, processing aid for acrylonitrile rubber, antiblock agent for cast polyurethanes ADVANTAGE: Low viscosity O || P–O–C4H9 3 CAS No. 126-73-8 O || P–O–(CH 2) 2–O–C 4H 9 3 CAS No. 78-51-3 Phosflex 31L/41L Isopropylated triphenyl phosphate mixture APPLICATIONS: PVC film and sheeting compounds, PVC plastisols. ADVANTAGES: High thermal stability, good solvating properties O || –O–P–O–CH3 \ / n CH / H 3C 3-n CAS No. 68937-41-7 PHOSPHORUS FLAME RETARDANTS Phosflex 375 Proprietary plasticizer blend of alkyl diphenyl phosphate and triaryl phosphate ester. APPLICATIONS: PVC films and sheeting compounds, PVC plastisols. ADVANTAGES: Blended alternative FR plasticizer for isopropylated TPPs, excellent FR Phosflex 71B t-Butylated triphenyl phosphate mixture APPLICATIONS: Plasticizer for PVC and PVC foams, polyvinyl acetate emulsion, FR for modified HIPS ADVANTAGE: High thermal stability Phosflex 362 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate APPLICATIONS: Plasticizer for PVC (plastisols, textile coatings), and vinyl/nitrile rubber foamed alloys, cellulosic polymers, PMMA, PS ADVANTAGES: Good performance at low temperature, low smoke, FDA approved in coatings for food packaging. O Phosflex 418 Linear alkyl diphenyl phosphate APPLICATIONS: Plasticizer for PVC sheeting and wire insulation ADVANTAGES: Excellent plasticizing efficiency at low temperature, low smoke and low volatility PHOSPHORUS CONTENT VISCOSITY mPas - 25°C TGA %WT. LOSS @ TEMP. 1.15 8.3% 48 2% @ 219°C 5% @ 240°C 10% @ 257°C 1.18 8.5% 70 2% @ 215°C 5% @ 235°C 10% @ 250°C 1.09 8.5% 18 2% @ 180°C 5% @ 200°C 10% @ 210°C 1.07 7.9% 26 2% @ 205°C 5% @ 220°C 10% @ 235°C 1.04 7.2% 24 5% @ 215°C 10% @ 235°C 1.17 8.4% 65 2% @ 220°C 5% @ 235°C 10% @ 250°C || –O–P–O–CH3 \ / n C / \ H3CCH3 CAS No. 56803-37-3 and 65652-41-7 and 78-33-1 O 3-n C 2H 5 || | –O–P–O–CH2–CH–(CH2)3–CH3 2 CAS No. 1241-94-7 Phosflex 390 Isodecyl diphenyl phosphate APPLICATIONS: Plasticizer for PVC sheeting, foamed vinyl/nitrile rubber alloys, wire insulation, coatings for apparel and upholstery, polyvinyl acetate adhesives ADVANTAGES: Good performance at low temperature, low smoke SPECIFIC GRAVITY O || –O–P–O–C10H21 2 CAS No. 29761-21-5 O || –O–P–O–(CH2)11-13–CH3 2 CAS No 27460-02-2, 142474-86-0 and 56827-92-0 LINDOL™ SERIES Lindol & Lindol XP Plus Tri(m,p-cresyl) phosphate mixture APPLICATIONS: Plasticizer for PVC, synthetic rubber, cellulosic films, FR for phenolic laminates ADVANTAGE: High efficiency O || P–O– \ CH3 3 CAS No. 1330-78-5 PHOS-CHEK™ SERIES Phos-Chek™ products are efficient intumescent Flame Retardants for application in paints, coatings, polyolefins, polyurethanes and thermosets. Selected ICL-IP Subsidiaries have distribution agreements with ICL - Performance Products LP, the producer of Phos-Chek™. For more information, visit the website: www.phoschek.com or contact one of the following addresses: bekaphos@bk-giulini.com, frinfo@icl-industrial.com FOR MORE INFORMATION VISIT OUR WEBSITE: WWW.ICLFR.COM PRODUCTS & PROPERTIES MINERAL AND NITROGEN FLAME RETARDANTS M.W. SPECIFIC GRAVITY 58.3 2.36 AVG. PARTICLE SIZE BULK DENSITY kg/m3 TGA %WT. LOSS @ TEMP. 0.5-0.7 2% @ 370°C 5% @ 385°C 10% @ 402°C 0.6-0.7 2% @ 253°C 5% @ 319°C 10% @ 392°C INORGANIC FLAME RETARDANTS FR-20 Magnesium Hydroxide GRADES: S5 (BET 5 m2/g) uncoated or coated S7 (BET 7 m2/g) uncoated or coated S10 (BET 10 m2/g) uncoated or coated APPLICATIONS: Wire and Cables, Electrical connectors, TPO for roofing, Foils and sheets, LD and HDPE, PP, Soft PVC, PA ADVANTAGES: excellent smoke suppressant, acid scavenger, thermal stability, The following coating and surface treatments are available: stearic acid, vinyl silane, aminosilane, polymeric. Mg(OH)2 1.8-2.2 µm 1.5-1.8 µm 1.1-1.4 µm CAS No. 1309-42-8 FR-1120 2.6 Calcium Borateon on a silicate carrier. APPLICATIONS: Antimony Trioxidereplacement in polyolefins, polyamides, styrenics and polyesters. Zinc Borate replacement in polyolefins and PVC. ADVANTAGES: Highly cost-efficient. 6 µm CAS No. 13701-64-9 AND POLYQUEL™, SERIES TAILOR-MADE SOLUTIONS Polyquel™ series, fully active and dust-free polymeric FR systems, is a step forward to more Eco-reliable and Sustainable Fire Safety. and Series is a milestone offering continuously innovative solutions to the identified needs of customers. These The range of tailor-made solutions address specific targets related to fire safety, easier handling, low corrosion, high flow, light and UV stability and/or antimony trioxide free products. The FR BU’s solutions are opening up new fields of application. and : The following table shows some of our new commercial Polyquel™, POLYQUEL™ 145 POLYQUEL™ 240 & 241 6605 9000 and 3000 Series P Series D P U D P U P E E T E T P P Cellulosic Plastic Composite Latex / Adhesives Textiles / Fibers Chip / Particle Boards Rigid PUF Flexible PUF D P E Unsaturated Polyesters D P E Phenolic Resins Alloys D P E Epoxy Resins PC / PC ABS D P E Rubbers / Elastomers Nylon = Polyamide D P E PVC / Flexible PBT / PET D P E D POLYQUEL™ 140 Polypropylene SERIES ABS AND EPS / XPS POLYQUEL™, HIPS / PPO U - UV stability A - Antimony oxide free E - FR efficiency D - Dust-free T - Thermal stability P - Polymer & Non-blooming Polyethylene Strengths: APPLICATIONS THERMOPLASTICS AND STYRENIC ALLOYS HIPS V-1/V-0 FR-1410 FR-245 F-3000 PolyquelTM 240 PolyquelTM 241 ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ PROPERTIES THERMAL STABILITY MELT FLOW FR EFFICIENCY ✓✓ ✓✓✓ IMPACT ✓✓ ✓✓✓ UV / LIGHT STABILITY HEAT DISTORTION TEMP. ✓✓ NON-BLOOMING ✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ COST EFFICIENCY ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ RECYCLING ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ DUST-FREE HIPS V-2 Sol-DP FR-720 FR-1410 FR-245 FR-370 THERMAL STABILITY ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ MELT FLOW ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓✓ FR EFFICIENCY ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓ PROPERTIES IMPACT UV / LIGHT STABILITY HEAT DISTORTION TEMP. ✓ ✓ ✓ NON-BLOOMING ✓✓ ✓✓ COST EFFICIENCY ✓✓ ✓✓ DUST-FREE ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ good ✓✓ very good ✓✓✓ excellent FOR MORE INFORMATION VISIT OUR WEBSITE: WWW.ICLFR.COM APPLICATIONS THERMOPLASTICS AND STYRENIC ALLOYS ABS V-1/V-0 FR-1524 FR-245 F-2000 FR-1410 F-3000 PolyquelTM 240 PolyquelTM 241 ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ PROPERTIES THERMAL STABILITY MELT FLOW ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓ FR EFFICIENCY ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ IMPACT ✓✓✓ UV / LIGHT STABILITY ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ HEAT DISTORTION TEMP. NON-BLOOMING COST EFFICIENCY RECYCLING ✓✓ DUST-FREE ✓ PC/ABS and HIPS/PPO alloys V-1/V-0 Fyrolflex RDP /RDP-HP Fyrolflex Sol-DP Phosflex 71B F-3000 P P P Br THERMAL STABILITY ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ MELT FLOW ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ PROPERTIES PHOSPHORUS (P)/BROMINE (Br) BASED FR EFFICIENCY IMPACT UV / LIGHT STABILITY HYDROLYTIC STABILITY HEAT DISTORTION TEMP. ✓ ✓ NON-PLATE-OUT ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ COST EFFICIENCY ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ Liquid Solid Liquid Solid LIQUID/SOLID HANDLING ✓✓✓ ✓ good ✓✓ very good ✓✓✓ excellent POLYOLEFINS PP FR-370* FR-720 FR-1210** FR-1410 FR-1025 FR-20 PolyquelTM 140 ✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ PROCESSABILITY ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ FR EFFICIENCY ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ IMPACT ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ UV / LIGHT STABILITY ✓✓✓ ✓ PROPERTIES THERMAL STABILITY NON-BLOOMING ✓✓ V-2 ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ COST EFFICIENCY RATING ✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ V-0/V-2 V-0/V-2 V-0/V-2 V-0/V-2 ✓✓ ✓✓✓ V-0 V-0/V-2 * FR-370 is recommended for production of inherently flame retarded PP multifilaments and fibers. ** Not sold in the US for most applications nor in Europe if RoHS compliance is needed PE FR-720 FR-1210* FR-1410 FR-1025 FR-20 PolyquelTM 145 ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ PROPERTIES THERMAL STABILITY MELT FLOW FR EFFICIENCY IMPACT UV / LIGHT STABILITY ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓ NON-BLOOMING COST EFFICIENCY DUST-FREE ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ V-0/V-2 ✓✓✓ * Not sold in the US for most applications nor in Europe if RoHS compliance is needed ✓ good ✓✓ very good ✓✓✓ excellent FOR MORE INFORMATION VISIT OUR WEBSITE: WWW.ICLFR.COM APPLICATIONS ENGINEERING PLASTICS POLYAMIDE Non reinforced PA 6 and 6,6 V-O FR-803P FR-1025 ✓✓✓ ✓ FR-1410 F-2400 FR-20 ✓✓ ✓✓ PROPERTIES THERMAL STABILITY MELT FLOW FR EFFICIENCY IMPACT ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓ COMPARATIVE TRACKING INDEX ✓✓ ✓ THERMAL AGING ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ RECYCLING UV / LIGHT STABILITY HEAT DISTORTION TEMP. ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓ NON-BLOOMING ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ COST EFFICIENCY ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ FR-1410 F-2400 F-3100 ✓✓ ✓✓ POLYAMIDE Glass reinforced PA 6 and 6,6 V-0 FR-803P FR-1025 ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ COMPARATIVE TRACKING INDEX ✓✓ ✓ THERMAL AGING ✓✓ ✓✓✓ PROPERTIES THERMAL STABILITY MELT FLOW FR EFFICIENCY IMPACT RECYCLING ✓✓ UV / LIGHT STABILITY ✓✓ HEAT DISTORTION TEMP. ✓✓ NON-BLOOMING COST EFFICIENCY ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓ good ✓✓ very good ✓✓✓ excellent ENGINEERING PLASTICS PBT V-0 FR-1025 F-3100 F-2000 FR-803P FR-1410 FR-1025 & F-2000 ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ to ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ series series PROPERTIES THERMAL STABILITY MELT FLOW FR EFFICIENCY IMPACT COMPARATIVE TRACKING INDEX ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ THERMAL AGING ✓✓✓ ✓ RECYCLING ✓✓✓ ✓✓ UV / LIGHT STABILITY ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ HEAT DISTORTION TEMP. ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ NON-BLOOMING ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ COST EFFICIENCY ✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ PVC & TEXTILE ADHESIVES COATING (TAC) FLEXIBLE PVC Phosflex 31L/41L Phosflex 375 Phosflex 71B Phosflex 362 Phosflex 390 Lindol ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ LOW TEMPERATURE FLEXIBILITY ✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ LOW SMOKE ✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ PROPERTIES FR EFFICIENCY PLASTICIZING PERFORMANCE LOW VOLATILITY/SURFACE MIGRATION LOW SMELL CHEMICAL RESISTANCE (OIL FATS) FOOD APPROVAL ✓* COST EFFICIENCY ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓ * FDA Contact in coatings for confectionary applications FOR MORE INFORMATION VISIT OUR WEBSITE: WWW.ICLFR.COM ✓ good ✓✓ very good ✓✓✓ excellent APPLICATIONS TEXTILE ADHESIVES & COATING (TAC) TAC BACK COATING Fyrolflex Fyrol 9001 9025 9020 Br Br Br/P P P+Cl FR EFFICIENCY ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓ TRANSPARENCY ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ S WD WD L L ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ 9001 9025 9020 P P+ S L L L L RDP FR-2 PROPERTIES PHOSPHORUS (P)/BROMINE (Br) BASED LOW MELTING TEMPERATURE SOLID (S)/LIQUID (L)/ WATER DISPERSION (WD) LOW FOGGING COST EFFICIENCY COATING/PADDING SOLID (S)/LIQUID (L) SELECTION MATRIX + COTTON + POLYESTER + + + + + POLYESTER/COTTON + + + + + ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ PROPERTIES FR EFFICIENCY TRANSPARENCY WASH DURABILITY ✓✓ SOFT HAND LOW FOGGING ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ LOW MELTING TEMPERATURE ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ POLYMERIC COST EFFICIENCY ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ TEXTILE EXHAUSTION & ADHESIVE APPLICATIONS 3000 provides flame retardancy to synthetic fibers, yarns and fabrics. when soak and wash durable FR properties are required. 3000 is most suitable for polyester ✓ good ✓✓ very good ✓✓✓ excellent PLASTIC FOAMS FLEXIBLE PUF Fyrol FR-2 Fyrol HF-4 Fyrol 38 Fyrol A300TB Fyrol PCF ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ Fyrol PNX FR-513* PROPERTIES LOW VISCOSITY FR EFFICIENCY ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ LOW SCORCH LOW FOGGING COMPRESSION SET ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ Solid* ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ REACTIVE COST EFFICIENCY ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ * Also supplied in heated isocontainer RIGID PUF Fyrol 6 Fyrol PCF 6605 FR-513* PROPERTIES LOW VISCOSITY FR EFFICIENCY ✓ SYSTEM STABILITY REACTIVE ✓✓ ✓ Solid* ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓✓ COST EFFICIENCY ✓✓✓ * Also supplied in heated isocontainer EPS / XPS Expanded and extruded polystyrene foams for building, construction and packaging industries are available in many forms: Sheets (thermal insulation), Profiles (decorative), Molded shapes (packaging). ICL-IP offers several flame retardants to match market needs in the various applications: FR-1206 ILM FR-1206 IHM FR-122P F-2200HM and FR-370 • High purity • Lower melting range • Processing-aid during extrusion of profile or sheet • Polymeric FR • FR efficiency similar to FR-1206 • Non-leaching and non-blooming • Designed primarily for flame-retarded EPS • High purity • Readily soluble in styrene monomer • Enables good control of the particle size distribution of the beads • Proprietary co-FR for XPS applications • Heat /UV stabilized applications • Processing-aid effect ✓ good ✓✓ very good ✓✓✓ excellent FOR MORE INFORMATION VISIT OUR WEBSITE: WWW.ICLFR.COM ICL - INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS Head Office Asia Pacific China ICL-IP Makleff House, 12 Kroitzer St., P.O.B. 180 Beer Sheva 84101, Israel Tel: +972 8 629 7608 Fax: +972 8 629 7846 E-mail: frinfo@icl-ip.com ICL CHINA Room 908 Times Square Office Tower No 93 Middle Huai Hai Road Shanghai 200021, China Tel: +86 21 5386 3322 Fax: +86 21 5386 3336 E-mail: fr.china@icl-ip.com Europe ICL-IP Europe B.V. Fosfaatweg 48, 1013 BM Amsterdam The Netherlands, or P.O. Box 465 1000 AL Amsterdam, The Netherlands Tel: +31 20 800 5800 Fax: +31 20 800 5805 E-mail: fr.europe@icl-ip.com Japan ICL-IP Japan Ltd. Sumitomo Fudosan Iidabashi Building, 5th fl. 2-3-21, Koraku, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-0004, Japan Tel: +81 3 6801 8430 Fax: +81 3 6801 6970 E-mail: fr.japan@icl-ip.com North America and Mexico Other Asia Pacific ICL-IP America Inc. 622 Emerson Road, Suite 500 St. Louis, Missouri 63141, USA Tel: +1 877 661 4272 Fax: +1 314 983 7610 E-mail: fr.nam@icl-ip.com ICL Asia Ltd. Room 2301, 23/F, Allied Kajima Building, 138 Gloucester Road, Wanchai, Hong Kong Tel: +852 2827 7761 Fax: +852 2824 1502 E-mail: fr.asia@icl-ip.com South America Other parts of the World ICL Brasil Ltda. Av. Major Sylvio de Magalhaes Padilha, 5200 Ed. Dallas Cj.22, 05693-000 Sao Paulo SP, Brazil Tel: +55 11 2155 4539 Fax: +55 11 2155 4507 E-mail: fr.sam@icl-ip.com ICL-IP Israel Sales Office Makleff House, 12 Kroitzer St., P.O.B. 180 Beer Sheva 84101, Israel Tel: +972 8 629 7633 Fax: +972 8 629 7819 E-mail: fr.row@icl-ip.com Visit our Website: www.iclfr.com Additional links: www.icl-ip.com • www.phoschek.com • www.bsef.com Itsuvey ha-Negev 7/2013 GLOBAL PRESENCE Although the information and recommendations set forth herein (hereinafter “Information”) are presented in good faith and believed to be correct as of the date hereof, ICL INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS. makes no representations as to the completeness, accuracy, quality or suitability of any information for any purpose. The use of the Information supplied herein shall be subject to and conditioned on that the persons receiving it and making use of it will make their own determination as to its safety and suitability for their purposes and applicable laws and other statutory demands prior to acquisitions, importations, exportations, transportations, implementations or uses of any kind. In no event will ICL INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS. be responsible for damages of any nature whatsoever resulting, directly or indirectly, from the use or reliance upon Information. N O R E P R E S E N TAT I O N S O R W A R R A N T I E S , E I T H E R E X P R E S S E D O R I M P L I E D O F M E R C H A N TA B I L I T Y, F I T N E S S F O R A PA R T I C U L A R P U R P O S E O R O F A N Y O T H E R N AT U R E , A R E M A D E H E R E U N D E R W I T H R E S P E C T T O I N F O R M AT I O N O R T H E P R O D U C T T O W H I C H T H E I N F O R M AT I O N R E F E R S .