Icebreaker
Electric
Bingo
FREE
SPACE
Energy
Energy is the Fuel of Action…
E=FxD
1 Joule = 1 Newton x 1 Meter
(A force of 1 Newton is the weight of a 100
gram mass under 1 Earth surface gravity)
Energy
Challenge Question:
How many Joules of energy is
required for a 60 kilogram
(60,000 gram) person to climb
up a 5 meter ladder?
E=FxD
100 g in 1 Earth Gravity
has a force (weight) of
1 Newton
Since 100 grams is equal to 1
Newton, the person is climbing
against a force of 60,000 g / 100 =
600 Newtons, so
E = 600 N x 5 m = 3000 Joules
…or 3000 times the energy needed
to lift an apple 1 meter….
Energy
Challenger Question:
How many Joules of energy is
needed to lift 1 liter of water to
the International Space Station
(assuming 1 Earth gravity all the
way up)?
1 liter of
water weighs
1 kilogram
The ISS is at a
height of
about 320
kilometers
1 liter of water weights 1 kg or
1000 g, or 1000 g/100 = 10 N.
320 km = 320,000 m. So
E = 10 N x 320,000 m
= 3,200,000 Joules
Power
Power is the rate of energy use
P=E/t
1 Watt = 1 Joule / 1 second
How powerful is
this?
Which is more
powerful?
10 Joules in 1 sec
10 J / 1 s = 10 W
100 Joules in 10 sec
1 horsepower =
745.7 W
100 J / 10 s = 10 W
Power
Challenge Question:
How much energy is used up by
a 100 Watt lightbulb each
minute it is lit?
E=Pxt
(E in Joules, P in
Watts, t in
seconds)
100 W is a rate of 100 J/s, so in
1 minute the bulb consumes:
E = 100 W x 60 s
= 6000 W-s
= 6000 J
Electrical Energy
We use 1 Joule of energy by
expending it at a rate of 1 Watt for 1
second.
E=Pxt
What do we get when we expend
energy at a rate of 1 Watt for 1
hour?
1 W x 3600 s = 3600 W-s
= 3600 J
Or,
1 W x 1 h = 1 W-h
Joules, Watt-seconds, and
Watt-hours are all units of
energy
Challenge Question: 100 W-h equals how
many Joules?
(100 W-h) x (3600 s/h) = 360,000 W-s,
= 360,000 J
What’s a kW-h good for?
?
1 kW-h =
1 kW-h =
1000 W-h
?
Time = Energy / Power
Energy = Power x Time
?
What’s a kW-h good for?
A 500 W cotton candy maker will
run for how long on 1 kW-h?
t=E/P
t = 1 kW-h / 0.500 kW = 2 hours
A 200 W electric hat maker takes
5 minutes to make a hat. How
many hats can it make on 1 kWh?
At 200 W for 5 minutes (5/60
hours), it uses, approximately,
0.200 x (5/60) = 0.017 kW-h
So with 1 kW-h it can make
1 kW-h / 0.017 kW-h = 59 hats!
Time = Energy / Power
Energy = Power x Time
Electricity Lab
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•
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•
Magnet and Coil
Hand Crank Generator
Photovoltaic Cell
Power Ranger
Wind Turbine Design
Electricity Generation
How is our electricity
generated?
Hydroelectric
Coal
Natural Gas
Nuclear
Geothermal
What environmental
impacts do each of these Wind
Solar
types of electricity
Biofuel
production have?
Electric Pie
Electricity Generation
How much
of California’s
electricity comes from each
California
2010 Electricity
source?
Generation
US 2010 Electricity Generation
Large Hydro Renewables
4%
7%
Large Hydro
How does
energy mix compare to the United
11% California’s
Coal
Nuclear
States as a whole? 7%
19%
Natural Gas
42%
Imported
12%
Renewables
14%
Coal
46%
Nuclear
14%
Natural Gas
24%
What percentage of each mix may emit CO2?
~61% for California, ~70% for US
What percentage of each mix is renewable (including
hydroelectric)?
~25% for California, ~11% for US
Why can’t we produce all of our electricity from sources
that don’t emit CO2 and are renewable?
Targeting Conservation
Watt’s Within Your Power
Students Can Control
Teacher/Administration/
Facilities Can Control
Cannot control
Targeting Conservation
The Biggest User
What do you think uses the most
electricity at your school?
California Schools Typical Electrical Use
Office Equipment
6%
Other
6%
Misc.
3%
Refrigeration
7%
Interior Lighting
39%
Exterior Lighting
10%
Ventilation
13%
Cooling
16%
Targeting Conservation
Electricity Consumption
Inventory
Places to Inventory (one per team):
• Biology Lab
• Gift Shop
• Café
• Destination Universe (exhibit)
Room_______Biology Lab_______________________ Electricity Pricing_____0.11___ $/kW-h
Item
A
B
C
D
E
How
Many?
Power Consumption
Rating (Watts)
Estimated Time of Use
Per Month (Hours)
Energy Used Per
Month
Cost Per Month
(kW-h)
= D x (electricity
pricing)
= (A x B x C) / 1000
Electric Gizmos
16
12.5 Watts
30 hours
16 x 12.5 x 30 / 1000 =
6
($)
6 x 0.11 =
0.66
Taking Action
• Energy Ambassadors
• Energy Awareness Monitors
• Taking It Home
Let the Competition Begin!