Injury Facts Statistical Highlights
Ken Kolosh
August 13, 2014
®
© 2014 National Safety Council
Injury Data Highlights
• Injury Facts® 2014
Edition
• Most current data
available – 2012,
2011, or 2010 –
depending on the
source
© 2014 National Safety Council
2
The Big Picture
®
© 2014 National Safety Council
Unintentional Injuries
• #1 cause of death for people 1 to 42
years old
• #5 cause of death for all ages
© 2014 National Safety Council
4
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Leading Causes of Death, 2011
Heart disease
Cancer
Chronic lower respiratory disease
Stroke
Unintentional injuries
Alzheimer’s disease
© 2014 National Safety Council
5
Source: National Center for Health Statistics
596,577
576,691
142,943
128,932
126,438
84,974
Years
Average Age at Death and
Remaining Lifetime
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
12
16
11
12
38
77
71
78
76
43
Heart
Disease
Cancer
Stroke
CLRD*
Average
Remaining
Lifetime
Average Age
at Death
U-I
* Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease
© 2014 National Safety Council
6
Source: NSC estimates based on 2009 NCHS data.
Years (millions)
Years of Potential Life Lost Before
Age 75 (All Causes)
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
4.4
3.0
2.9
1.1
© 2014 National Safety Council
7
Source: CDC
0.9
0.7
Years of Potential Life Lost Before
Age 75 (Unintentional)
Top Five Causes
Represent over
87% of the U-I
years of life lost.
Years (millions)
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
1.1
1.1
0.5
0.1
0.0
© 2014 National Safety Council
8
Source: CDC
0.1
0.1
Lives Saved From
1912-2012, United States
Deaths/Lives Saved
300,000
250,000
The number of people
who would have died if
the 1912 rate of 82.5 did
not improve.
200,000
150,000
6,000,000 Total Lives Saved
100,000
50,000
0
Actual Deaths
Lives Saved
© 2014 National Safety Council
9
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Latest Estimates: 2012
Medically
Consulted
Injuries
Costs
(billions)
All U-I
38,300,000
$793.8
Motor-Vehicle
3,900,000
$276.5
Work
4,900,000
$198.2
Home
19,300,000
$220.3
Public
10,300,000
$121.4
Class
© 2014 National Safety Council
10
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Latest Estimates: 2012
2012 Deaths
Change from
2011
All
127,200
+3%
Motor-Vehicle
36,300
+5%
Home
63,000
+4%
Public
26,000
+1%
Work
3,695
-7%
Class
© 2014 National Safety Council
11
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Changes: 2011  2012
Total Change
+3,900
Poisoning
+1,800
Motor-Vehicle
+1,600
Falls
+1,100
Mechanical Suffocation
+300
Choking
+100
Drowning
+100
Fires, flames, smoke
+100
All other causes
© 2014 National Safety Council
12
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
-1,200
Long-Term Trends
Total U-I Deaths, U.S., 1969-2012
140,000
120,000
100,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
0
© 2014 National Safety Council
13
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Long-Term Trends (Cont.)
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
U-I Deaths per 100,000 Population,
U.S., 1969-201
© 2014 National Safety Council
14
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Recent Trends
Death Rate Indexes (1992=100)
180
170
160
150
140
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
Workplace death rate* down 36%.
Workplace
*Deaths per 100,000 workers.
© 2014 National Safety Council
15
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Recent Trends (Cont.)
Death Rate Indexes (1992=100)
180
170
160
150
140
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
© 2014 National Safety Council
16
Highway death rate* down 33%.
Highway
Workplace
*Deaths per 100 million vehicle-miles traveled.
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Recent Trends (Cont.)
Death Rate Indexes (1992=100)
180
170
160
150
140
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
Home &
Community
Highway
Workplace
*Deaths per 100,000 population.
© 2014 National Safety Council
17
Home & Community
death rate* up 68%.
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Recent Trends (Cont.)
Death Rate Indexes (1992=100)
Total U-I death rate* up 19%.
180
170
160
150
140
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
Home &
Community
Highway
Workplace
Total
*Deaths per 100,000 population.
© 2014 National Safety Council
18
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Deaths
Trends in Leading Causes
50,000
45,000
40,000
35,000
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
Motor-vehicle
Falls
Poisoning
Choking
Drowning
Fire, Burn
© 2014 National Safety Council
19
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Medically Consulted Nonfatal
Injuries
0
By Event, 2010-2011
3
6
9
Millions
12
15
Falls
35%
Overexertion
Struck By/Against
2010
Transportation
2011
Cutting/Piercing
Poisoning
Other
© 2014 National Safety Council
20
Source: National Center for Health Statistics
Medically Attended Nonfatal
Injuries
0
By Place of Occurrence
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Millions
9
10 11 12
Home (inside)
Home (outside)
Street
Sport facility
School
2010
Industrial etc.
2011
Trade/Service
Hosp/Inst
Other bldg
51% in or around the home.
Other unspec
© 2014 National Safety Council
21
Source: National Center for Health Statistics
Highway Venue
®
© 2014 National Safety Council
Highway Venue
• 213 million drivers (+0.5%)
• 249 million vehicles (-<0.5%)
• 2.95 trillion vehicle-miles travel (+<0.5%)
– 13,900 miles/driver
• 36,300 deaths (+5%)
• 3.9 million medically consulted injuries
(+5%)
© 2014 National Safety Council
23
Recent Trends
M-V Deaths, U.S., 1993-2012
48,000
46,000
44,000
42,000
40,000
38,000
36,000
34,000
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
© 2014 National Safety Council
24
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Recent Trends (Cont.)
Motor-Vehicle Death Rates, U.S., 1993-2012
17.0
16.5
16.0
15.5
15.0
14.5
14.0
13.5
13.0
12.5
12.0
11.5
11.0
2.2
2.1
2.0
1.9
1.8
1.7
Per 100 million1.6
vehicle miles 1.5
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.1
1.0
1993199519971999200120032005200720092011
Mileage Death Rate
Population Death Rate
© 2014 National Safety Council
25
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Per 100,000
population
Highway Safety Issues
®
© 2014 National Safety Council
Young Drivers
• Total fatalities in crashes involving 15-20 year
old drivers exceeded 4,640 in 2012.
• The latest 2010 mortality figures show that
motor-vehicle crashes are the leading cause of
death for 15-20 year olds.
• Young driver fatalities account for less than half
of the overall fatalities associated with young
drivers.
© 2014 National Safety Council
27
Source: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Young Drivers
Historical Trend of Young Driver Related Fatalities
12,000
10,000
Nonoccupant Fatalities
Deaths
8,000
6,000
Occupant Fatalities of all Other
Vehicles
4,000
Passenger Fatalities of Young
Drivers
Young Drivers (Age 15 to 20)
2,000
0
© 2014 National Safety Council
28
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Young Drivers Involved in Fatal
Crashes, 2011-2012
2011
Population
8.4%
8.2%
Licensed Drivers
6.4%
6.0%
12.2%
11.0%
8.7%
10.2%
Drivers Involved in Fatal
Crashes
Single-Vehicle
Multi-Vehicles
© 2014 National Safety Council
29
2012
Involvement per 100,000
Drivers
Drivers Involved in Fatal Crashes
per 100,000 Licensed Drivers by
Age Group, 2012
© 2014 National Safety Council
30
40
30
20
10
0
Distracted driving
• In 2012, 3,328 people lost their lives in
police reported crashes that involved
distraction (NHTSA).
• Starting in 2010 NHTSA adopted a much
more restrictive definition of distracted
driving contributing to a 43% reduction
between 2009 and 2010.
• 9% of drivers were using cell phones in
2011.
© 2014 National Safety Council
31
Distracted driving
• NSC estimates that 26% of all crashes
are attributable to cell phones
(conversations & text messaging)
© 2014 National Safety Council
32
Alcohol
• Fatalities in alcohol-impaired crashes
increased by 4.6% to 10,322 from 2011 to
2012.
•
•
•
•
© 2014 National Safety Council
33
30.8% of deaths
21 year drinking age in all states and D.C.
0.08 BAC threshold in all states and D.C.
Zero tolerance for minors in all states and
D.C.
Alcohol
• 10,322 alcoholimpaired deaths in
2012
• 30.8% of deaths
Percent of Alcohol-Impaired
Deaths, 1982-2012
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
© 2014 National Safety Council
34
Drivers Involved in Fatal Crashes by Sex, Age, and Driver
BAC, 2010
100%
Percent of Drivers in Fatal Crashes
90%
80%
70%
60%
BAC = 0.15 or higer
50%
BAC = 0.08 to 0.14
40%
BAC = 0.01 to 0.07
30%
BAC = 0.00
20%
10%
15 or
younger
© 2014 National Safety Council
35
16 to 20
21 to 24
25 to 34
35 to 44
45 to 54
55 to 64
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
0%
65 to 74 75 or older
Occupant protection
• 11,189 deaths of unrestrained passenger
vehicle occupants
• Up 1% from 11,061 in 2011
• 49 states & D.C. have mandatory use laws
• 87% belt use overall in 2012
• 91% belt use in “primary” enforcement states
vs. 80% in other states
© 2014 National Safety Council
36
Speeding
• 10,219 fatalities
• Up 3% from 2011
• Excessive speed was a factor in 30%
of all fatal crashes in 2012 (unchanged
from 2011)
© 2014 National Safety Council
37
Motorcycles
Deaths
Motorcycle Deaths and Deaths Rates,
U.S., 1996-2012
6,000
60
5,000
50
4,000
40
3,000
30
2,000
20
1,000
10
0
0
Deaths
© 2014 National Safety Council
38
Death Rate
Deaths per 100 Million Miles
Motorcycles:
• 3% of registered
vehicles
• 0.6% of vehicle
miles
• 15% of fatalities
Motorcycles
•
Fatalities among riders and passengers have
increased 33% between 2003 and 2012.
– Nonfatal injuries increased from 67,000 to 93,000
over the same period.
– Motorcycle death rate per 100 million miles traveled
improved from 34.23 in 2002 to 25.03 in 2011.
•
Mileage death rate for motorcycles is 20 times
greater than the overall rate of 1.23.
© 2014 National Safety Council
39
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Pedestrians
• There were 6,100 pedestrian deaths
and 170,000 medically consulted
injuries in motor-vehicle accidents in
2012.
– Fatalities have increased 2% over the last
10 years.
• About 27% of pedestrian deaths and
injuries occur when pedestrians
improperly cross roadways or
intersections or dart/run into streets.
© 2014 National Safety Council
40
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Workplace Venue
®
© 2014 National Safety Council
Workplace
• 4,380 fatal work
injuries in 2012
– 3,613 unintentional
– 767 homicide and
suicide
• Total down 7% from
2011
• U-I down 3% from
2011
7,000
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
© 2014 National Safety Council
42
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Total
Unintentional
Workplace Deaths by Event
Workplace Deaths by Event, 2012
Roadway
24%
All Other
30%
MV
Nonroadway
5%
Pedestrian
6%
Struck By
12%
Falls-LL
12%
© 2014 National Safety Council
43
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Homicide
11%
35%
Incidence Rate Trends
Cases per 100 Employees
10
8
6
Total Cases
DAFW Cases
4
2
0
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
© 2014 National Safety Council
44
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Off-the-Job
®
© 2014 National Safety Council
What does “off-the-job” mean?
• Not work related
• Includes –
– People employed (full- or part-time) but not at work
• Excludes –
–
–
–
–
–
© 2014 National Safety Council
46
Children
Persons keeping house full time
Retired
Unemployed
Other persons not in the labor force
Off vs. On-the-Job Deaths – 15:1
60,000
50,000
40,000
On-the-Job
30,000
55,200
20,000
10,000
3,695
0
Deaths
© 2014 National Safety Council
47
Source: I njury Facts , 2013 Ed.
Off-the-Job
Off vs. On-the-Job Injuries – 3:1
16
14
(Millions)
12
10
On-the-Job
8
6
5
14
4
2
0
Medically Consulted Injuries
© 2014 National Safety Council
48
Source: I njury Facts , 2013 Ed.
Off-the-Job
Time Lost from Work – 7:1
900
800
Days (millions)
700
600
535
500
400
300
200
100
0
245
45
60
On-the-Job
Off-the-Job
© 2014 National Safety Council
49
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
In Future Years
In 2012
Off vs. On-the-Job Costs
$300
(Billions)
$250
$200
$150
$100
$282.3
$198.2
$50
$0
Costs
© 2014 National Safety Council
50
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
On-the-Job
Off-the-Job
Off-the-Job Deaths and Injuries
OTJ Deaths by Class, 2012
OTJ Injuries by Class, 2012
14%
16%
26%
35%
49%
M-V
60%
Home
Public
© 2014 National Safety Council
51
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
M-V
Home
Public
Motor-Vehicle Deaths
1,600
57% are Workers
ON-the-job
15,600
OFF-the-job
19,100
© 2014 National Safety Council
52
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Others
Home & Community Deaths
41% are Workers
36,100
Workers
Non-workers
52,900
© 2014 National Safety Council
53
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Affect on Workers’
and Their Families
®
© 2014 National Safety Council
UI Deaths: 46% are Workers
Highway
(Non-Work)
Home &
Community
Workplace
(Hwy + non-Hwy)
Workers
© 2014 National Safety Council
55
Source: National Safety Council estimates.
UI Deaths: 59% are
Workers or Their Family Members
Home &
Community
Highway
(Non-Work)
Workplace
Workers:
(Hwy + non-Hwy)
Workers’ spouses
& children:
© 2014 National Safety Council
56
Source: National Safety Council estimates.
Home & Community Venue
®
© 2014 National Safety Council
Home & Community
•
•
•
•
© 2014 National Safety Council
58
Occur in and around homes
Occur in public places
Not work related
Not involving a motor-vehicle
Home & Community Venue
• 89,000 deaths (+3%)
• 29,600,000 medically consulted injuries
– 1 out of 11 people
© 2014 National Safety Council
59
Five Leading Causes, U.S.
• Fatal Injuries
–
–
–
–
–
© 2014 National Safety Council
60
Poisoning
Falls
Choking
Drowning
Fires and burns
• Nonfatal Injuries
– Falls
– Struck by or against
object or person
– Overexertion
– Cut/pierce
– Bite/sting
100,000
30.00
90,000
28.00
80,000
26.00
70,000
24.00
60,000
22.00
50,000
20.00
40,000
18.00
30,000
16.00
Deaths
Deaths per 100,000 population
© 2014 National Safety Council
61
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Death Rate
Deaths
Home and Community Trends
Home & Community Deaths, 2012
40,000
35,000
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
Age 65+
Age 15-64
Age 0-14
*Inhalation or ingestion of food or object obstructing breathing.
© 2014 National Safety Council
62
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Trends in Leading Causes
Home & Community
40,000
35,000
Deaths
30,000
Poisoning
25,000
Falls
20,000
Choking*
15,000
Drowning
Fire, Burn
10,000
5,000
0
*Inhalation or ingestion of food or object obstructing breathing.
© 2014 National Safety Council
63
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Unintentional Poisoning
®
© 2014 National Safety Council
Unintentional Poisoning
Poisoning Exposures, 2011
Poisoning ED Visits, 2011
0-5
4.6%
6-19
8.6%
Poisoning Deaths, 2010
0-5
0.1%
>19
37.6%
0-5
49.3%
6-19
13.1%
>19
86.9%
© 2014 National Safety Council
65
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
>19
97.5%
6-19
2.4%
40,000
14
35,000
12
30,000
10
25,000
8
20,000
6
15,000
4
10,000
2
5,000
0
© 2014 National Safety Council
66
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Deaths per 100,000 Population
Deaths
Trends in Poisoning
Deaths
Rate
Poisoning Deaths by Substance
35,000
30,000
20,000
Drugs,
medicatments,
biologicals
15,000
Other substances
25,000
10,000
5,000
0
© 2014 National Safety Council
67
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
Deaths per 100,000 population
Poisoning Death Rates by
Age Group, 2012
25
20
15
10
5
0
0-4
5-14
15-24
25-44
© 2014 National Safety Council
68
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
45-64
65-74
75+
Deaths per 100,000 Population
Poisoning Death Rates by Age
30
25
20
1963
15
10
5
0
0
10
20
30
40
Age
© 2014 National Safety Council
69
50
60
70
80
Deaths per 100,000 Population
Poisoning Death Rates by Age
30
25
1963
20
15
10
1973
5
0
0
10
20
30
40
Age
© 2014 National Safety Council
70
50
60
70
80
Deaths per 100,000 Population
Poisoning Death Rates by Age
30
25
1963
20
1973
15
10
1983
5
0
0
10
20
30
40
Age
© 2014 National Safety Council
71
50
60
70
80
Deaths per 100,000 Population
Poisoning Death Rates by Age
30
25
1963
20
1973
15
1983
10
1993
5
0
0
10
20
30
40
Age
© 2014 National Safety Council
72
50
60
70
80
Deaths per 100,000 Population
Poisoning Death Rates by Age
30
25
1963
20
1973
15
1983
10
1993
5
2003
0
0
10
20
30
40
Age
© 2014 National Safety Council
73
50
60
70
80
Deaths per 100,000 Population
Poisoning Death Rates by Age
30
25
1963
20
1973
1983
15
1993
10
2003
5
2011
0
0
10
20
30
40
Age
© 2014 National Safety Council
74
50
60
70
80
0
75
< 1 year
3 years
6 years
9 years
12 years
15 years
18 years
21 years
24 years
27 years
30 years
33 years
36 years
39 years
42 years
45 years
48 years
51 years
54 years
57 years
60 years
63 years
66 years
69 years
72 years
75 years
78 years
81 years
84 years
Unintentional Poisoning
Deaths by Age, 2011
1,600
1,400
1,200
1,000
Non-Drug
800
Other Drugs
Other Prescription Drugs
600
Heroin, Cocaine
Heroin, Cocaine, Prescription Opioid
400
Prescription Opioids
200
© 2014 National Safety Council
0
76
< 1 year
3 years
6 years
9 years
12 years
15 years
18 years
21 years
24 years
27 years
30 years
33 years
36 years
39 years
42 years
45 years
48 years
51 years
54 years
57 years
60 years
63 years
66 years
69 years
72 years
75 years
78 years
81 years
84 years
Total Poisoning Deaths
by Age, 2011
1,600
1,400
1,200
1,000
Non-Drug
800
Other Drugs
Other Prescription Drugs
600
Heroin, Cocaine
Heroin, Cocaine, Prescription Opioid
400
Prescription Opioids
200
© 2014 National Safety Council
Older Adult Falls
© 2014 National Safety Council
77
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
24,000
22,000
20,000
18,000
16,000
14,000
12,000
10,000
8,000
© 2014 National Safety Council
78
Source: I njury Facts , 2013 Ed.
Deaths per 100,000 population
Deaths
Trends in Fatal Falls – Ages 65+
Deaths
Rate
Falls Death Rates by Age Group, 2012
Deaths per 100,000 population
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0-4
5-14
15-24 25-44 45-64
© 2014 National Safety Council
79
Source: I njury Facts , 2014 Ed.
65+
75+
Other Leading Causes
®
© 2014 National Safety Council
Deaths per 100,000 population
Choking* Death Rates by
Age Group, 2003 & 2012
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
2003
2012
0-4
© 2014 National Safety Council
81
5-14
15-24 25-44 45-64
65+
*Inhalation or ingestion of food or object obstructing breathing.
Deaths per 100,000 population
Drowning Death Rates by
Age Group, 2003 & 2012
3.0
2.5
2.0
2003
1.5
2012
1.0
0.5
0.0
0-4
© 2014 National Safety Council
82
5-14
15-24 25-44 45-64
65+
Deaths per 100,000 population
Fires/Burns Death Rates by
Age Group, 2003 & 2012
4
3
2003
2
2012
1
0
0-4
© 2014 National Safety Council
83
5-14
15-24 25-44 45-64
65+
Intentional Injury
®
© 2014 National Safety Council
Leading Causes of Death, 2010
1-4
5-14
15-24
25-34
35-44
45-54
1
U-I
U-I
U-I
U-I
U-I
Cancer
2
Cong Anom
Cancer
Homicide
Suicide
Cancer
Heart Dis
3
Homicide
Cong Anom
Suicide
Homicide
Heart Dis
U-I
4
Cancer
Homicide
Cancer
Cancer
Suicide
Suicide
5
Heart Dis
Suicide
Heart Dis
Heart Dis
Homicide
Liver Dis
6
Infl & Pneu
Heart Dis
Cong Anom
HIV
Liver Dis
CVD
7
Septicemia
CLRD
CVD
Diabetes
CVD
Diabetes
8
Neoplasms
CVD
Infl & Pneu
CVD
HIV
CLRD
9
Perinatal
Neoplasms
Diabetes
Liver Dis
Diabetes
HIV
10
CLRD
Infl & Pneu
Comp Preg
Cong Anom
Infl & Pneu
Vir Hepatitis
© 2014 National Safety Council
85
Intentional Injury, 1992-2010
16
40,000
14
35,000
Deaths
30,000
10
25,000
8
20,000
15,000
6
10,000
4
5,000
2
0
0
© 2014 National Safety Council
86
12
Suicide Deaths
Deaths per 100,000
population
45,000
Homicide Deaths
Suicide Rate
Homicide Rate
© 2014 National Safety Council
87