Journal of Innovative Research and Solutions (JIRAS)
A unit of UIIRS
Print ISSN: 2320 1932 / Online ISSN – 2348 3636
Volume No.1, Issue No.2. Page No: 50 -56, JUL -DEC:2015
JDT-039-2015
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF LEAF
LOG MAKER MACHINE
Manoj M1, Logeshwaran.S2,
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bharath University, Chennai-600073
1
Email.ID:mmanoj.mech@bharathuniv.ac.in
2
Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bharath University,Chennai-600073
2
Email.ID: slogesh21@outlook.com
Abstract
The project we designing & fabricating is to reduce the problems of Cutting Trees for
fire logs. “LEAF LOG MAKER MACHINE” is designed to make dry leaves get compressed
and made to logs as a fuel. Typically, dead leaves are dumped a lot in landfills and one of
the problems with leaving wet leaves to decompose like this is that they give off methane 20
times more poisonous gas than carbon dioxide. In contrast, when leaves are burnt, they only
give off the carbon they absorb while on the tree they add nothing extra to the environment.
This machine is compact, easily accessible & eco-friendly. It can also able to compress
wood wastes, papers & tin cans. This machine is to make fuels from the natural resources
like dry leaves, instead of cutting them. This machine is easy to understand the operation to
user. It had come over many changes and modifications within it.
Keywords: Leaf Log Machine, Landfills, methane gas, machine, cutting trees.
Introduction
Leaf Log Maker Machine is a concept
to make the dry leaves to be compressed
for useful fire logs. Actually, the leaves
which are left in landfills get decomposed
and produce the methane gas (toxic level is
20 times more than carbon-di-oxide)
harmful to human nature. In contrast,
when leaves are burnt, they only give off
the carbon they absorb while on the tree
they add nothing extra to the environment.
So, we planned to make those leaves as
fire logs instead of leaving in landfills, for
the purpose of reducing the tree cutting for
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Authors: Manoj M , Logeshwaran.S ,
Period from (Jan –Jun 2015)
the fire logs which leads to one of the way
of the Deforestation. This machine had
come across any design changes by
modifying it for the purpose of easy
operation and transportation. This Log
maker makes longer lasting logs and
produces compact long burning fuel from
fallen leaves, newspaper, cardboard,
teabags, etc. Quick and easy to produce,
you can use the logs immediately if made
using dry waste.
Versatile, you can produce 'open'
Wet Logs or encase them in a paper
wrapping to keep them together or you can
50
Journal of Innovative Research and Solutions (JIRAS)
A unit of UIIRS
Print ISSN: 2320 1932 / Online ISSN – 2348 3636
Volume No.1, Issue No.2. Page No: 50 -56, JUL -DEC:2015
use it to make from whole newspapers to
give a very dense and long burning Log.
There are many products in the market
some are efficient and some are high in
cost, but we made with a valuable
Importance of Leaf Log Maker
Nowadays, our mother nature of the
trees and plants are cut for the many
purpose of humans like camp fire, building
homes, boats, carpenter works, furniture
and much more. We took an oath to
reduce this kind of actions at least for
25%. So, we got an idea to reduce the
cutting trees for fire logs with the left of
dry leaves left in landfills [1]. Around
30% of the average householder’s kitchen
bin can be recycled as burnable waste in
the Log maker. This Leaf Logger can be
used also for shredded junk mail, shredded
paper, newspaper, wrappings from food
and household products, cardboard,
groundnut shells, saw dust tissues, ripped
up toilet rolls, olive stones, nuts, tea-bags
(dried), used coffee beans and coal dust.
Garden waste can be recycled in the same
way: chopped twigs and branches, sawdust
and dried leaves and foliage. Keep a
separate bin for your burnable waste [2-3].
Not only will you reduce the amount of
waste that would otherwise go to landfill
sites but you’ll help conserve forests by
reducing wood felling and consumption.
By sorting and saving your burnable waste
you’ll always have a ready supply of
burnable material to use in your Log
maker, and less rubbish to cart outside for
the refuse collectors! The log maker
makes it easy and fun for every
householder to re-use, re-cycle and recover
Applications of Leaf Log Maker
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Authors: Manoj M , Logeshwaran.S ,
Period from (Jan –Jun 2015)
efficiency with moderate cost. Maximize
your Fuel Log production by making logs
from soaked waster and create a denser,
longer burning fuel log of any burnable
waste.
Today the usage of fire logs is getting
higher due to the population invasion, to
reduce that we made this log maker
machine to fulfill the human by not
affecting the nature. This leaf log maker
machine is verily applicable in places like
homes, parks, institutions, companies, and
also for the places where the waste
products are available.
The product
delivered from this machine can reduce the
consumption of fire logs and replaces it as
leaf logs [4-5]. It is user-friendly, ecofriendly, easy transport machine for the
convenience of the humans to use. Logs
from this machine can easily catch the fire,
burns longer time due to the mixture of
resin material acting as a binding material
over here. By adding the insect repellents
can get rid of the insects when in camp
firing. Even this logs can use for the fuel
of smoker in cooking. Using these logs we
can generate the electricity too [6].
Design Calculation
The design calculations are which
are used in making of this machine is very
simple. They are the thread rod timing
calculations and the compression force
calculations [7-8].
Thread rod drive friction force
Here, we are using the thread rod
which is called as a lead screw. This is to
proceed the conversion of rotation force to
compressible linear force in Y-axis. This
lead screw is used here to maintain a
51
Journal of Innovative Research and Solutions (JIRAS)
A unit of UIIRS
Print ISSN: 2320 1932 / Online ISSN – 2348 3636
Volume No.1, Issue No.2. Page No: 50 -56, JUL -DEC:2015
constant pressure with slow rotation of
force [9].
Torque(N-mm) = Load(N)x Lead(mm)/
(2π X η)
Calculation for compression force
To compress the leaves we need
the pressure for the equal applying to the
leaves and the resin material which is in
the cylinder for compression.
PRESSURE = Force / Area
MODELLING USING PRO/E
We designed this product with the
help of the System Tool PRO/E called as
PRO\ENGINEER. This PRO\ENGINEER
is a gold standard in 3D CAD design. The
parts which are drawn are saved in a
working directory in the computer [10-11].
Then those part diagrams are assembled by
the creation of Assembly.
Steps involved in Assembly
Initially, this product is a
cylindrical type design so we preferred the
Axis based assembly in most of the
designing areas and this assembly process
is very easy to do with this software.
Step 1: Open PRO/E>New>check in to
assembly>OK.
Step 2: Uncheck the default and enter the
name of the assembly as “Leaf Log
Maker” then press Enter.
Step 3: Now in toolbar Go
to>assembly>component> select the base
plate.
Step 4: Arrest the degree of freedom
(DOF) of the base plate, then press OK.
Step 5: Now assemble the pillars (Square
profiles), cylinder on the base plate and fix
it with its orientation then
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Authors: Manoj M , Logeshwaran.S ,
Period from (Jan –Jun 2015)
press OK.
Step 6: Use the axis alignment for the
purpose of the round plates are the base.
Step 7: Likewise assemble all the parts
and give the colors which is preferable.
Step 8: Go
toAnimationInsertExplodeExplo
de view.
Step 9: Finally, save the assembled part
and execute from the working directory.
Figure 7. Diagrammatic representation
of the Assembly of the machine.
Implementing NDT
The NDT is the abbreviation of
Non-Destructive Testing which is used to
find out the cracks, bubble formation,
defects in the welded joints [12-13]. We
used this technology to give the best result
in machining the project.
Non-Destructive Testing (NDT)
had been defined as comprising those test
methods used to examine an object,
material of system without impairing its
future usefulness. The term is generally
applied to non-medical investigations for
material integrity [14-15]. The NDT
includes the various types of methods to
52
Journal of Innovative Research and Solutions (JIRAS)
A unit of UIIRS
Print ISSN: 2320 1932 / Online ISSN – 2348 3636
Volume No.1, Issue No.2. Page No: 50 -56, JUL -DEC:2015
verify and visualize the defects. Those
methods are as follows:
 Visual Inspection Method,
 Liquid Penetrant Method,
 Ultrasonic Inspection,
 Radiography Method,
 X-Ray Radiography & fluoroscopy
 γ- ray radiography,
 Eddy current Testing,
 Magnetic particle testing, &
 Thermography.
Out of these we choose “Liquid
Penetrant Method” for testing on welded
joints to check for cracks and irregular
welding.
Here in this method there are two types
namely:
•
Spray type liquid penetrator.
•
Paint type liquid penetrator.
From this we suggested the paint type
liquid penetrator due to very easy and
cheap to application for our project [1618].There is some corner welds in our
project so the spray type may waste so we
gone with the paint type which is applied
by means of brush.
Tests done in welded joints
Liquid Penetrant Method
A liquid penetrant is applied at the
surface of the specimen. The penetrant is
drawn by the surface flaws due to capillary
action and this is subsequently revealed by
a developer, in addition with visual
inspection [19-25].
Characteristics of a penetrant & a
developer
For Penetrant
 Chemical stability & uniform
physical consistency,
 High degree of wet ability,
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Authors: Manoj M , Logeshwaran.S ,
Period from (Jan –Jun 2015)


Quick & complete,
Penetrability, Low viscosity,
Sufficient brightness & Permanence
of color,
 Chemical inertness, Low, toxicity,
Slow drying,
 Ease of removal & Cheap in cost.
For Developer
 Highly absorptive, Fine grain size &
particle shape for easy dispersion,
 Provision of contrast background,
Formation of thin uniform coating
over surface,
 Can wet easily, Low toxicity.
Procedure
 Cleaning the surface with a cloth for
applying the liquid penetrant.
 Then apply the liquid by spraying it
on the surface which is to be tested.
 Just wait for 15 minutes to let the
penetrant to spread over the surface.
 Now clean the penetrant with a cloth
and check the penetrant had filled in
the cracked areas.
 Observe the areas where the penetrant
filled.
TEST RESULT OF NON-DESTRUCTIVE
TESTING
53
Journal of Innovative Research and Solutions (JIRAS)
A unit of UIIRS
Print ISSN: 2320 1932 / Online ISSN – 2348 3636
Volume No.1, Issue No.2. Page No: 50 -56, JUL -DEC:2015
Test result of NDT
The “LIQUID PENETRATION
METHOD” has been done on the welded
joints of the “LEAF LOG MAKER
MACHINE” and acquired the successful
result. The cracks and defects has been
cleared by the 3-4 times of the testing of
the machine.
Project Management Using
PRIMAVERA
The PRIMAVERA is used here to
manage the project’s budget to not to over
allocate and to finish the project in the
scheduled manner. With this software we
had done the chart of each and every
activity which is used in our project.
Steps included Primavera
We used some simple steps and
tools like WBC, Activities, Relationships,
Enterprise, Roles, Resources, Critical path,
and Part’s analysis. These options are just
a pick and place type so easy to understand
and access. Here, we created a task for the
project scheduling and management of our
Leaf Log Maker Machine.
Scope of the Study
The innovative idea discussed in
this paper is to develop project schedule
with start to finish relationship for the Leaf
Log Maker Machine for the purpose of
maintaining the budget line in an optimum
point.
Conclusion
From the tabulation and the
scheduling of our project it took 46 days
for us to finish the project. And there is no
more budget over allocation in our project.
Hence, our project management by using
Primavera made this easy and to the
successive results.
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Authors: Manoj M , Logeshwaran.S ,
Period from (Jan –Jun 2015)
Actual image of Log Maker Machine
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