ajp/style/citations&references
1
CITATIONS and REFERENCES
The AJP uses an author-date system of citations. The date used in the main text and footnotes
should be that of the edition used. Anachronism and absurdity (such as ‘Kant 1979’) should be
minimized, where possible, by using the original date of publication in citations (for example,
‘Moore 1903’ rather than the date of some later collection of essays) and indicating in the
Bibliography the date of the edition actually cited (as, e.g., in the ‘Edited Text’ example shown
below). References should be given in square brackets, in the text whenever possible.
Footnotes should be substantive; those merely giving citations should be avoided.
In-text citations:
•
Follow these examples when referring to a piece of work in the body of your paper:
Jackson [1982: 42]
says . . .
•
. . . (as found in Smith [1996: 22], for
example).
See Chalmers [in
preparation].
Multiple citations go like this:
[Campbell 1970: 100ff, 1982; Block 1978: 277–82; Jackson 1982: 23–5, 1990: 71]
•
Whenever something specific is attributed to an author, page references should be
given, and must be given if the cited item is a book.
•
Most importantly, proof-read your paper to ensure that in-text and footnoted citations
correlate exactly with your reference list, and that no references are missing or show an
incorrect date or page span.
Reference list formatting guidelines:
•
Your reference list should have the heading ‘References’.
•
References are in alphabetical order by first-author-surname, and, if more than one item
per author, ascending date order. If the same date for the same author for more than one
item, use lowercase letters to distinguish: Jones, A. 1914a. . . . Jones, A. 1914b. . . .
•
If the reference list contains multiple items by the same author, the author’s name
should be repeated, not replaced with dashes, e.g. ‘Dennett, D. 1980’ not ‘—— 1980’.
[This is to assist electronic searching.] Single-authored items precede co-authored.
Bach, K. 2005a. . . .
Bach, K. 2005b. . . .
Smith, M. 1988. . . .
Smith, M. 1991. . . .
Smith, M. and C. N. Jones 1977. . . .
Smith, M. and A. J. Lee 1976. . . .
•
First line of each reference against the margin and subsequent lines indented.
•
Don’t use bullets in a reference list.
•
Abbreviate ‘editor’ and ‘edited by’ to ‘ed.’, and contract ‘editors’ to ‘eds’. Avoid other
abbreviations.
•
Remove unnecessary pagination information, e.g. ‘130–135’ should be ‘130–5’ (but
N.B. 10–17).
•
Page span is separated by an en-dash with no spaces before or after.
ajp/style/citations&references
2
•
Include original publication date in brackets, e. g. Hume, D. 1747 (1974).
•
You may use either authors’ first names or initials, except where the author uses initials
as his authorial name: thus, Ewin, R. E., not Ewin, Robert.
•
Volume numbers should be in Arabic numerals.
•
Titles of journal articles and chapters in books are not in quotation marks. Titles of
books and journals are given in italics.
•
For books include both the city of publication and the publisher.
EXAMPLES OF REFERENCES:
ARTICLE:
Black, Tim 2002. A Moorean Response to Brain-in-a-Vat Scepticism, Australasian Journal of
Philosophy 80/2: 148–63.
[We require the issue number as well as the volume number. This aids electronic searching.]
BOOK:
Hylton, Peter 2007. Quine, London and New York: Routledge.
Devitt, Michael and Kim Sterelny 1987. Language and Reality: An Introduction to the
Philosophy of Language, Oxford: Blackwell.
CHAPTER IN A BOOK:
Bach, Kent 2005a. Context ex Machina, in Semantics versus Pragmatics, ed. Z. G. Szabó,
Oxford: Oxford University Press: 15–44.
Bach, Kent 2005b. The Emperor’s New ‘Knows’, in Contextualism in Philosophy: Knowledge,
Meaning, and Truth, ed. G. Preyer and G. Peter, Oxford: Clarendon Press: 51–89.
[Repeat author’s name; don’t use a dash. This aids electronic searching.]
Hodges, Wilfrid 2007. The Scope and Limits of Logic, in Philosophy of Logic, ed. Dale
Jacquette, Amsterdam: North-Holland: 41–63.
Jones, Karen 2005. Moral Epistemology, in The Oxford Handbook of Contemporary
Philosophy, ed. Frank Jackson and Michael Smith, Oxford: Oxford University Press:
63–85.
EDITED BOOK:
Horton, Keith and Haig Patapan, eds, 2004. Globalisation and Equality, London and New
York: Routledge.
EDITED TEXT:
Hume, D. 1747 (1974). A Treatise of Human Nature, ed. P. Nidditch, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
ONLINE PUBLICATION:
Candlish, Stewart 2007. The Identity Theory of Truth, The Stanford Encyclopedia of
Philosophy (Spring 2007 Edition), ed. Edward N. Zalta, URL = <http://
plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2007/entries/truth-identity/>