Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Horses)
NO
: 58
TITLE
: Immune Status in Horses Naturally Infested with Intestinal Parasites and
Mange Mite .
AUTHORS
: M.N. Abd-El-Salam .
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Vet Med., Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 39 No. 77 April 1998 .
ABSTRACT
Microscopic examination was done for total, and differential leukocytic count and
parasitological examination for intestinal parasites and mange mite. Biochemical serum analysis
for estimation of total protein, albumin, globulin, A/G rato, electrophoresis and vitamin E was
also performed. Total leukocytic count showed no significant difference due to intestinal
parasitic infestation, although eosinophilia was found in moderate and heavy intestinal parasitic
infestation. Leukopenia, neutropenia and eosinophilia were found in mange mite infection.
Hypoproteinemia and hypoalbuminemia with significant decrease in A/G ratio were
predominant in heavy intestinal infestation and in mange. Mild and moderate intestinal
infestation showed no significant difference in serum total protein, although there was a low A/G
ratio in moderate infestation. There was non-significant difference in alpha-1 and alpha-2
globulins between diseased and apparently healthy horses. However, there was non-significant
increase in betal-1 and beta-2 globulins and significant increase in gamma globulin horses with
heavy intestinal infestation and with mange mite infection. A significant difference was found in
serum levels of vitamin E between diseased and healthy control groups. There was a positive
correlation between the drop of serum levels of vitamin E and the degree of intestinal parasitic
infestation. A correlation was also found between serum levels of vitamin E and serum levels of
gamm globulins. It can be concluded that the infection with intestinal parasites and mange mite,
specially when it is heavy and prolonged for long time, has a marked stress effect on body
immune efficiency.
-48-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Horses)
NO
: 59
TITLE
: Clinical Study of Strangles and Its Complications (Purpura Hemorrhagica) in
a Horse Farm Sohag Governorate, Egypt.
AUTHORS
: A. M. Zaitoun and H. S. Ali.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Animal Med., Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut University .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 40, No. 80, January 1999.
ABSTRACT
Twelve cases out of 23 examined horses showed typical form of strangles. Out of the diseased
horses, 5 cases developed signs of purpura hemorrahgica. Detailed clinical signs of this
complicating form were described and discussed. Not all bacteriologicaly positive horses were
clinically positive referring to asymptomatic carriers. Shedding of Streptococcus equi subsp.
Equi was intermittent. Source of infection in the investigated farm was determined. The
cumulative incidence of the disease (strangles) of the investigated horses (which were bred in a
wide-open yard) during the period of investigation was increased gradually and referred to the
presence of assisting factor assisted in transmission of the infection from horse to another. This
factor was monitored. Hemogram of the diseased horses with uncomplicated strangles showed
leukocytosis with neutrophilia, while in cases that had signs of purpura hemorrhagica (parasitic
free) showed anemia (microcytic hypochromic) and leukocytosis with neutrophilia and
eosinophilia suggesting allergic responses to the bacterial infection led to blood losses.
Therapeutic trials were successfully achieved. It is concluded that, the uncomplicated form of
strangles in horses that bred in acceptable hygienic environment possibly has no systemic antimicrobial drugs. The undesirable therapeutic entrance of this classical form by intensive
systemic antibiotics delayed the full maturation of the abscessed lymph nodes (inadequate
immune response). This persisted non-maturated abscessed node may produced a favorable
chance for accelerating the complications, or probably adversely increased the sensitization of
the horses to streptococcal infection and/or its toxic products. Anti-allergic drug as one of the
therapeutic lines of strangles may have a beneficial value in treatment and probably preventing
purpura hemorrhagica. The negative results of 2 bacteriological nasal swabs with one-week
interval were not sufficient for full declaration that horses become Streptococcus equi subsp.
Equi free. Three swabbing at weekly intervals is therefore recommended.
-49-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Horses)
NO
: 60
TITLE
: Iron Deficiency Anemia Associating with Purpura Hemorrhagica (PostStrangles Complication) Disease of Horses .
AUTHORS
: A.M. Zaitoun, H.S. Ali and Th.S. Abdelall .
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut University .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 41, No. 81, April 1999.
ABSTRACT
During the period of investigation (Marsh, 1998 Jan., 1999), 11 diseased horses were clinically
diagnosed as purpura hemorrhagica disease. These cases were previously infected by strangles.
They were parasitic free. Erythrogram including measurement of the red cell distribution width
(RDW), thrombocytes counts and serum-iron levels in these cases were monitored. A significant
decrease (P<0.05) in the total erythrocytic counts with highly significant (P<0.01) decrease in
the values of hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit were the characteristic hematological
findings of the diseased horses. Mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin
were also significantly decreased (P> 0.05). In addition to the latter findings, there was also a
significant increase (p<0.05) in the RDW parameter suggesting the occurrence of microcytichypochromic anemia due possibly to iron deficiency in the diseased cases. Such suggestion was
confirmed by the highly significant (P<0.01) decreased in the level of serum-iron of the diseased
horses in comparison with the control group. The probable causes of iron deficincy anemia
associating with purpura hemorrhagica disease in horses were discussed. Thrombocytic counts
were insignificantly (P>0.05) decreased (non thrombocytopenia).
-50-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Human)
NO
TITLE
: 61
: Complicated Filariasis in Rural Upper Egypt El-Nikhila, Assiut Governorate.
AUTHORS
ADDRESS
BULLETIN
: A. M. Hany, M. S. Hussein and A. M. Mandour
: Dept. of Community Med. and Parasit., Faculty of Med., Assiut University.
: Assiut Med. J. April 1992.
ABSTRACT
Complicated filariasis, i.e. elephantiasis, hydrocele, varicocele, etc. are Know to be endemic in
El-Nikhila. A survey (clinical, immunological, parasitological was done in 1990 which revealed
that out of 3196 examined (systematic random sample 1/10), 34 cases were found. The
prevalence of elephantiasis was 2.52% and is higher than hydrocele (0.72%) (ratio=3.5) and
there is female preponderance in its cases (ratio=2.7). It is interesting that while there was female
preponderance in elephantiasis, in contrast male preponderance in microfilraemia which proved
to be negative in all cases. A new antigen test for detection of Wuchereria bancrofti antigen in
serum by monoclonal antibody enzyme immunoassay revealed for the first time that 19.23% of
elephantiasis were associated with tropical pulmonary eosinophilia and in 5% of hydrocele
which means that worms are still living and need chemical treatment.
NO
TITLE
: 62
: Schistosomiasis in a Village in Assiut Governorate : Prevalence, Intensity and
Urinary Troubles .
AUTHORS
ADDRESS
: K.A. Fadel, F. A. Allam, R. A. Khalifa*, H. S. Abd-El Megeed .
: Dept. of Community Med., and *Parasit., Faculty of Med., Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Bull. of High Institute of Public Health Vol. 26, No. 1 ,1996.
ABSTRACT
This work was done in El-Tawabya village. Urine samples were collected from 3072 individuals.
Our results revealed that prevalence rate of schistosomiasis infection was 7.5% and peak
prevalence was among age group 10-14 years. Infection rate among males was nearly double
(10.2%) that among females (5.6%). Intensity of infection was of mild type (91.7%) and heavy
infection occurred among those less that 30 years. The geometric mean of egg count of urinary
schistosomiasis was 9.6 eggs/10 ml urine. Rate of infection was 15.3% among agricultural
workers. As regards urinary symptoms, dysuria was found among 29.1% turbid urine among
12.7%, terminal hematuria among 8.4% and total hematuria among only 0.5% and specificity of
74.2%, 90.5% and 99.9% respectively. Microscopic urine examination showed that presence of
RBCs with schistosomiasis infection had sensitivity of 89.2% and specificity of 80.6% .
-51-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Human)
NO
: 63
TITLE
: Spread of Schistosomiasis Mansoin to Middle and Upper Egypt.
AUTHORS
: Ahmed Medahat., Mahmoud A. Abdel-Aty.*, Ahmed M. Hany*, Farga
M.Moftah*, Kawser A. Fadel*, yousef M. Swifee, Ashraf M. Osman,
Mohamed A. Eltaher, A. Abdel-Sami**, Dyab, A.K.**, H.S. Abdel-Mgeed
M. Shehata, H. Hammam*, A. Zarzour*, and M. Nfeh.
ADDRESS
: Dept of Tropical Med., *Community Medicine and **Parasitology, Faculty of
Med., Assiut University .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Med. J. Vol. 21, No.2, 1997 .
ABSTRACT
Following construction of the Aswan High Dam Schistosoma mansoni seems to be a growing
problem and may be replacing S.haematobium along the Nile River in Egypt. This is due to
relative increase of the snail vector of S.mansoni Biomphalaria alexandrina in comparison to
reduction of the snail vector of S. haematobium Bulinus truncatus. This retrospective study
presents the results of cases of S.monsoni diagnosed in four Schistosomiasis research projects
performed in Middle and Upper Egypt. S.mansoni was detected in 103 (0.35%) out of 29683
subjects studied in these four studies. It was also detected in 35 (38%) out of 93 villages and
satellites screened. S. monsoni ova were detected in urine of 14 (0.15%) out of 9555 in Assiut
and in 9 (0.001) out of 12327 in Quena. It was detected in both urine and stool in 3 cases. Sixty
six (46%) of the cases were among the age group below 20 years. Most of the cases had mild
infection with ova<50 ova/gm. In conchision this retrospective study showed that the spread of
S. mansoni to Middle and Upper Egypt seems to be progressive and not in limited foci as we
reported before as it was detected in 40% of the villages screened. Further prospective
epidemiological studies are recommended to evaluate and keep an eye on this serious
phenomenon .
-52-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Human)
NO
: 64
TITLE
: The Relation Between Entamoebiasis Infection and Blood Groups, Assiut,
1996.
AUTHORS
: Abdallah A. Hassan*, Kawthar A. Fadel and Hosina S. Abbd El-Megeed.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Public Health and *Parasitology, Faculty of Med., Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Med. J. Vol. 21, No. 2, 1997.
ABSTRACT
This work was carried out in Assiut City and included 287 persons from secondary school of
nursing students and patients attending Assiut Endemic Diseases Hospital.
Stool and urine samples were examined for parasitic infection. 57 were infected with Eniamoeba
histolytica and 230 were free from parasites. Every one was examined for ABO blood groups. 27
of blood
Entamoebiasis was more common among urban 28(49.1%) than rural 24(42.1%) and semiurban
5(8.8%). The infection rates were higher among females 37(64.9%) than males 20(35.1%), and
among the age group 10-20 years (24.5% and 22.8% respectively).
-53-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Human)
NO
: 65
TITLE
: Association Between Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Diabetes
Mellitus in Egyptian Patients .
AUTHORS
: Ahmed Medhat, Sohair M. Ahmed*, Yousef M. Swifee, Shrief Helmy,
Mohamed A. Sobh** and Sahar Hassany .
ADDRESS
: Dept of Tropical Med., *Clinical Path. and **Inter Med., Assiut University
Hospital.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Med. J. Vol. 21, No.3, 1997 .
ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been associated with chronic liver disease. However, the
relationship between the etiology of cirrhosis and development of DM was not clear, until recent
reports of frequent association between hepatitis C and DM. Aim: is to study both the frequency
of DM in patients with chronic HCV infection. And the frequency of HCV in patients with type
II DM . Three groups of patients were included, 284 with liver cirrhosis, 93 with type II DM and
63 HBsAg. HCV-Ab and/or HCV-RNA positive blood-donors: All cases had history and clinical
examination, abdominal ultrasound, blood glucose, liver function tests, HBsAg and HCV-RNA
by PCR was performed for 83 cases islet cell antibodies for 63, and cryoglobulin for 104 cases
of liver cirrhosis, and glycosylated hemoglobin for 63 seropositive blood donore. The frequency
of DM was significantly more in cirrhotic patients with positive HCV-Ab and/or HCV-RNA (
40.5%) than those with positive HBsAg (3.3%) (p<0.001). There was no relation between
presence of DM and severity of cirrhosis due to HCV, presence of either islet cell antibodies or
cryoglobulins. The percentage of blood donors with positive HCV-Ab and/or HCV RNA who
had raised glycosylated Hb 31 (68.8%) was significantly more than that with positive HBsAg 3
(16.6%) (p<0.05). The percentage of HCV-Ab was significantly more in patients with type II
DM 44 (47.3%) than that of HBsAg1 (1.1%) (p<0.001). In conclusion the Patients with chronic
HCV infection are more likely to have DM than those with chronic HBV infection. In addition,
HCV infection seems to be significantly more than HBY infection in type II DM .
-54-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Human)
NO
: 66
TITLE
: Tuberculous Diarrhoea and its Endoscopic Diagnosis .
AUTHORS
: Mohamed A. Nafeh, Ahlam M. Farghaly, Nabila M. Rashwan*, Marcil N.
Gergis**, and Mohamed T.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Tropical Med., *Micr. And **Path., Faculty. of Med., Assiut Univ.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Med. J. Vol. 21, No., 4, 1997 .
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to find how much tuberculosis contributes to the aetiology of chronic diarrhoea
in our locality and the role of endoscopy in its diagnosis.
Methods: One hundred adult patients with chronic diarrhoea were included. All were subjected
to full, clinical examination and investigations. which included:stoolanalysis, complete blood
picture, erythrocytic sedimentation rate (ESR), X-ray chest and endoscopic examination in the
from of enteroscopy and colonoscopy. Laparoscopy was counducted in patients with peritoneal
involvement. Tissue biopsies were taken during endoscopy and submitted to histopathological
and bacteriological examination
Out of the 100 cases, tuberculosis was the identified cause in 12 of them. Detection of typical
caseating granuloma with giant cells and/or isolation of typical M. tuberculosis were necessary
for the diagnosis. Accordingly, ileojejunal TB was diagnosed in 3 cases (2 by histopathology and
1 by bacteriology), ileocaecal TB in other 3 cases (2 by histopathology and 1 by bacteriology,
colonic TB in one case (by both histopathology and bacteriology) and peritoneal T.B in 5 cases,
all by histopathology. The enteroscopic findings in the 12 cases varied from normal (2 cases),
just hyperaemic mucosa (5 cases), small nodules (3 cases) to small polyps with ulcerating
surface in 2 cases. Colonoscopy was normal in 8 cases, one had transverse colonic deep and
superficial ulcers and 3 cases showed aphthus ulcer with tiny tubercles in the ileocaecal region.
Abdominal ultrasonographic examination detected bowel lesions in 3 cases (one with diffuse
colonic thickening and 2 with ileocaecal thickening) and peritoneal involvement in 5 cases in
which laparoscopy and histopathology were diagnostic. The outstanding clinical and laboratory
findings in our cases were weight loss (100%), abdominal pain (91.6%), fever and anorexia
(83.3%). All had raised ESR (second hour more than 25).
TB must be considered as an important cause of chronic diarrhoea in our locality. Endoscopy in
an integral investigation for detection of lesions and taking biopsies for histopathological and
bacteriological examination .
-55-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Human)
NO
: 67
TITLE
: Hepatitis B, C and D Virus Infections in Patients and Staff in Assiut Dialysis
Unit .
AUTHORS
: Muhammed A. Sobh, Youssef M. Swifee* and Elham A. Ali**.
ADDRESS
: Dept of Internal Medicine, *Topical Medicine and **Clinical Path., Faculty
of Medicine, Assiut University .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Med. J. Vol. 21, No., 4, 1997 .
ABSTRACT
For more than two decades haemodialysis (HD) patients and staff members caring for them have
been recognised as high risk groups for developing hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HCV infections. The
prevalence of these infections varies considerably between countries. Screening of transfused blood
for HBsAg and HCV antibodies (HCV-Ab) may decrease transmission of these infections. Our
knowledge on the mode (s) of transmission of these agents and their health implications in HD
patients remain incomplete.To determine the percentage of HCV-Ab and HBs Ag and the risk factors
for acquiring these infections with their effects on the liver since the screening of HCV-Ab for blood
donors in Assiut University Hospital in April 1992.
Thorough history was taken from 50 HD patients and 30 staff members with special stress on the
risk factors that may contribute to hepatitis virus infection, clinical examination, abdominal
ultrasound, serological detection of viral markers and liver transaminase estimation.
In HD patients, no case had single marker for HBV or HCV infections. HCV-Ab was found in
association with markers of HBV and HDV infections in 37 (74%) out of 50 HD patients [one case
was associated with HBsAg (denoting HBV infection), 28 cases were associated with anti HBcIgG
(denoting past HBV infection), 2 cases were associated with anti HBcIgG & HBsAb (denoting
immunity) and 6 cases were associated with HBsAg, anti HBc IGg and HDV Ab Anti HBc IgG was
negative in all cases. The main risk factors for acquiring these infections were male sex, , decreased
educational level, longer duration of HD, schistosomiasis and injections using non-disposable
syringes. Liver enzymes (AST and ALT) elevated in 5 patients. All had positive HCV-Ab in
association with positive HBs Ag, anti Hbc IgG and HDV Ab with enlarged firm liver and fine bright
echopattern , splenomegaly and ascites. In dialysis staff HCV-Ab was found without other markers in
13.3%; 3 of them were nurses and one was a physicion while Hbs Ag and anti HBc IgM were absent.
However 20% had anti HBc IgG and 85% had Ab.> 10 IU/L. All subjects had normal clinical and
sonographic findings and normal liver enzymes. The high percentage of HCV-Ab (74%) and HBs Ag
(14%) in HD patients inspite of screening of transfused blood for HCV-Ab and HBs Ag may be due
to exposture of uraemic patients to various risk factors for virus transmission prior or during HD. The
percentage of HCV-Ab (13.3%) in dialysis staff matches that in the community, and the absence of
Hbs Ag could be explained by staff vaccination against HBV .
-56-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Human)
NO
: 68
TITLE
: HLA Antigens of Vitiligo Patients in Upper Egypt.
AUTHORS
: Kamal Abdel Hafez , Alaa El-Din Moubasher, Hanan Abdel Latif* and
Yossef Nagy.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Dermatology & Venereology and *Clinical Pathology, Faculty of
Medicine, Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Med. J. Vol. 22, No. 1, 1998.
ABSTRACT
Class I and II human lymphocyte antigens (HLA) were determined in forty eight adult males
with non segmental vitiligo by microlymphocytotoxicity assay. Half of them had a family
history of vitiligo. The results were compared to seventy two unrelated healthy males. B5, CW5,
CW7, DRI, DQ3 and DQ4 were significantly increased, while DR52 were significantly
decreased in vitiligo patients compared to controls. There was no significant difference between
familial and non-familial vitiligo in clinical data and HLA pattern except for an increased
association of B14 with non-familial vitiligo. Localized and generalized forms of vitiligo showed
no significant difference in HLA antigens except for an increased frequency of A2 and DRI13
with localized pattern. More extensive and controlled studied are still needed to reach a
definitive linkage between HLA and vitiligo.
-57-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Human)
NO
: 69
TITLE
: Evaluation of Transforming Growth Factor-, Procollagen III and Tissue
Polypeptide Antigen in Carcinoma of the Bilharzial Bladder .
AUTHORS
: Thoraya S. El-Deeb, Abdel-Raheim M.A. Meki, Madeha M. Zakhary, Ahmad
K. Mustafa*, Essmat A. Al-Sharkawy*** and Ahmed M. Abdel-Moneim.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Biochemistry, *Clinical Pathology, **Urology, Faculty of Medicine,
Assiut and ***Minya Universities
BULLETIN
: Assiut Med. J. Vol. 22, No. 2, 1998.
ABSTRACT
Carcinoma in bilharzial bladder is among the most important health problems in our county. The
development of the tumor and its biological behavior needs to be well predicted. In the present
study, to approach this problem, we determined the cytosolar levels of transforming growth
factor β (TGF-β), procollagen III (PIIINP) and tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) in cytosols of
27 patients with carcinoma of the bilharzial bladder as well as 18 patients with benign bilharzial
lesions. The results were compared with the corresponding values in 8 bilharzial control tissues
obtained 5 cm apart from benign bilharzial lesions and 7 healthy bladder tissues. The study
revealed significantly increased levels of TGF-β, PIIINP Also, the levels in benign bilharzial
lesions were significantly higher than the levels In either bilharzial or healthy controls. Despite
the higher levels of TGF-β, PIIINP and TPA in bilharzial compared to healthy controls, the
difference was significant only in case of TPA. When the levels of these indices were correlated
with clinical criteria of patients, we observed that males had higher levels than females, where
the differences were significant in case of PIIINP and TPA. Meanwhile, poorly differentiated
tumors had significantly higher levels of TGF-β and PIIINP but insignificantly higher TPA
compared with tissues of well and moderately differentiated tumors. Significant positive
correlations existed between TGF-β, PIIINP and TPA in all groups studied. The present data
may clarify the important role played by TGF-β in the pathophysiology of carcinoma of the
bilharzial bladder, where it is increased in bilharzial infestation and benign bilharzial lesions
reaching its highest concentrations in malignant lesions. It seems to act as an angiogenic factor,
immunodepressant as well as stimulator of collagen synthesis.
-58-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Human)
NO
: 70
TITLE
: Human Fascioliasis In Assiut Suburb, Upper Egypt .
AUTHORS
: Abdallah A. Hassan, Atef A. Sakla and Hesham A. Riad*.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Parasitology and *Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Med. J. Vol. 22, No., 4, 1998 .
ABSTRACT
During the present study a case of human fascioliasis was recorded for the first time, from Upper
Egypt. Two mature flukes were released from the bile duct of 29 years old female patient from
jahdam village, Assiut Governorate. The encountered worms were washed, flattened, fixed,
carmine stained, mounted and photographed for morphological studies. They were found to be
morphologically similar to Fasciola hepatica, Linaeus 1798, but they differed in measurable
characters, shape and extent of the anterior cone, the pattern of the side wall, ratio between oral
and ventral sucker, the pattern of internal intestinal branches, the position of the testes and ovary
and the size of the eggs as well as the pattern of body spination . These differences were
discussed and found enough to create a new variety to which the name fasciole hepatica var
hominis is suggested.
Clinically, the patient presented with a history of abdominal pain and tenderness in the right
hypochondrium and epigastrium five months ago. The pain was frequently repeated and was
accompanied by vomiting. The pain was relieved by antispasmodics. Later on, the patient
developed obstructive jaundice. Radiologically, there was intrahepatic biliary dilatation and the
gall bladder was of irregular wall, enlarged and contained muddy bile. Laboratory investigations
revealed anaemia, bilirubinaemia and eosinophilia .
The patient was operated on with the possible diagnosis of choledocolithiasis, and parasites were
incidentally discovered at the operation. Examination of bile and stool were negative for
Fasciola eggs, which means that the eggs are excreted at irregular intervals from the adult fluke,
for this reason, diagnosis of human fascioliasis based on the detection of the parasite eggs in the
stool is often unreliable. Clinical, radiological and serological investigations are recommended in
diagnosis of human fascioliasis specially in those which who hepatic troubles troubles with the
history of eating raw vegetables .
-59-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Human)
NO
: 71
TITLE
: Assessment of: Chronic Gastritis According to the Sydney System and Alcian
Yellow-Toluidine Blue (Leung) Stain for Helicobacter Species .
AUTHORS
: Rabab M.H.El-Ghorori and Fatma A. Badary .
ADDRESS
: Dept of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Med. J. Vol. 23, No., 3, 1999 .
ABSTRACT
Helicobacter pylori (Hp) gastritis is a world wide problem significantly associated with gastric
and duodenal ulcer diseases, gastric carcinoma and MALT-Lymphomas. To assess the reliability
of a novel alcian yellow-toluidine blue (Leung) stain for Hp, evaluate relationship of HP to
gastric lesions and to assess & revise Sydney system for classification and grading of gastritis,
we collected 97 (87 gastric & 10 duodenal) specimens. Paraffin sections from all specimens
were prepared and stained with H&E Giemsa and Leung stains. The updated Sydney system was
applied for grading & classification of gastritis specimens. The time for detection of HP
organisms in positive gastritis specimens was measured and compared for 3 stains.
The specimens were classified into 63 chronic gastritis, 1 lymphocytic gastritis, 3 gastric ulcers,
20 gastric carcinoma. 6 duodenitis, 3 duodenal ulcers and one case of duodenal cancer.
According to Sydney system, 63 specimens of gastritis were classified into 40 non-active & 23
active gastritis, 43 Hp+ve & 20 Hp-ve gastritis. We observed a good correlation between
presence of Hp and activity of gastritis.(68.9%), lymphoid follicle formation (78.6%) and
intestinal metaplasia (IM) (66.7%). The organisms were demonstrated more on antral mucosa
but in 9 cases were more on body mucosa and were also demonstrated on the 2 included cardiac
mucosal biopsies. Hp organisms were detected in 1 out of 3 gastric ulcers, 8 of 20 gastric
carcinoma and in mucus debris on mucosa of one case of duodenal ulcer. Leung statin enhanced
detection time of organisms and compared favourably with Giemsa stain due to clear contrast
between colours of organisms (blue) and of mucus (yellow). Also it was the best regarding
In conclusion, the diagnostic and grading criteria described in Sydney system can be applied
consistently by histopathologist & is useful in routine practice. Hp is significantly associated
with active gastritis. Leung stain is a good choice as standard for routine Hp staining because it
is the cheapest, easiest to prepare and by which organisms can be accurately and rapidly
identified .
-60-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Human)
NO
: 72
TITLE
: Intestinal Parasitic Infection Among Food Handlers in Assiut University
Hospital.
AUTHORS
: Amany L. Hamza and Hosnia S. Abd El-Megeed*
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Parasitology and *Comm. Med., Faculty of Med., Assiut University .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Med. J. Vol. 23, No. 3, 1999.
ABSTRACT
Food handlers are a selective group of individuals that could be potential carriers for the
intestinal parasitic infections .
The aim of work is to study the prevalence of parasitic infections among food handlers in Assiut
University Hospital with special reference to diagnosis of some protozoan sporozoa. Fifty six
male and females food handles in Assiut University Hospital, aged 22-25 years, were the subject
of this study. Stool samples were collected and preserved formaline 10%, concentrated with
formol-iodine stained wet preparation and fixed
Modified Ziehl-Neelsen (MZN) stained preparation. Macroscopic examination of stool samples
revealed 42.9% loose and 57.1% formed stool. 80.3% of food handlers had intestinal parasites,
Cryptosporidia (57.1%), Microsporidia (41.1%). Entamoeba histolytica (21.4%), Blastocystis
hominis (17.9%), Giardia lamblia (7.1%) and Cyclospora (1.8%) , Combination of both
Microsporidia and Cryptosporidia were found in 25% of stool samples. There were also nonpathogenic parasites as E. coli (14.3%), Iodamoeba butschlii (8.9%), Chilomostix mesnili (1.8%)
and E. harmani (1.8%). Significant high rates in loose stool were observed with Microsporidia,
Blastocystis hominis and Giardia lamblia.
So we recommended that the spore-forming protozoa and must sporozoa be taken into
consideration during stool examination of food handlers and fixed MZN stained smears should
be performed even with formed stool or osymptomatic individuals.
-61-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Human)
NO
: 73
TITLE
: Study of Risk Factors Among Acute HBV Infected Patients .
AUTHORS
: Ahlam M. Farghaly, Youssef M. Swifee, Sohair M. Farghaly*, Mohamed ElTaher Abdel- Rahman, Mohamed M. Saif Al-Islam.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Tropical Medicine & Gastroenterology and *Clinical Pathology,
Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Med. J. Vol. 23, No., 3, 1999 .
ABSTRACT
This study was designed to determine the various risk factors affecting the transmission of acute
hepatitis B and to know whether the infection is essentially household or community acquired.
Out of 135 cases of acute hepatitis included, only 54 patietns had the diagnosis of acute hepatitis
B by clinical, laboratory and serological examinations. They were classified according to the
presence or absence of HBsAg household member (s) into two groups.
Group 1: patients with acute HBV infection living in families with HBsAg- positive household
member. This group included 8 patients. Their household members were 42 individuals .
Group 2: patients with acute HBV infection living in families with no HBsAg-positive
household member, including 46 patients. Their household members were 238 individuals.
These 2 groups were compared to 27 controls negative for all HBV markers. The comparison
included different possible risk factors of HBV transmission. A total of 280 household members
of the patients families were tested for HBsAg and anti-HBc IgG. HBsAg-positive cases were
further tested for anti-HBc IgM and HBsAg. The results showed that 66 (23.6%) were anti-HBc
IgG positive and 10 (3.6%) were HBsAg-positive lived in 8 familes of whom 2 (20%) were also
HBsAg-positive .
Furthermore, a follow-up after 6 months of families of 20 HBV acutely infected patients (10
husbands, 10 wives and 78 children) revealed seroconversion of only 2 (20%) wives, 1 (10%)
husband and 2 (2.7%) children to the HBsAg-positive state .
The various risk factors for transmission of HBV were the following in order of frequencies:
shared blades in barber shops (20%), injection (17.3%), sharing utensils with HBsAg-positive
household member (10.7%), shared machines in barber shops (6.7%), shared combs (6.7%) or
towels (6.7%) with HBsAg-positive household member, dental procedures (5.3%), operation
(4%), sharing room with HBsAg-positive household member (4%), vaccination (2.7%), stitches
(2.7%, sharing bed (1.3%), bedding (1.3%), blades (1.3%) with or kissing (1.3%) of HBsAgpositive household member, neurological examination (pin pricking) (1.3%) and contact with
jaundiced patient (1.3%). However, sharing blades in barber shops was the only significant risk
factor by using odds ratio were it was 4.808. We concluded that HBV infection in the studied
group was mainly out-home community acquired but intrafamilial transmission also existed .
-62-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Human)
NO
: 74
TITLE
: Chlamydia Pneumoniae, and Added Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease.
AUTHORS
: Noor Eldeen A. El-Hefny, Maha A. Ibrahim* and M.Y. El-Kabsh.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Internal Medicine and *Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine,
Assiut University .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Med. J. Vol. 23, No. 4, 1999.
ABSTRACT
This study was done on 20 patients with acute myocardial infarction who were admitted into the
Coronary Care Unit or were attending the out-patient clinic of cardiology in our University
Hospital. Their ages were mean ± S.D. (36±12 years). Also, twenty healthy controls with
comparable age (35±10 years) and sex were included. Serum lipogram lipoprotein (a),
homocoysteine level and Chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies IgA, and Chlamydia pneumoniae
lipopolysaccharides-immune complex (C. pneumoniae LPS-IC) were estimated in both patients
and controls. We found a significant increase in serum lipids in patients than in the controls
(total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, P<0.01, <0.05, <0.01 respectively). Also
lipoprotein (a) was significantly higher (p<0.05) in patients than in the control. We found, IgA
against C. pneumoniae more frequently positive (p<0.05) in patients than the controls (14 cases
versus 5 cases respectively). But LPS-IC (which is more diagnostic than IgA) was present in 15
patients in comparison to only one case of the control (p<0.001). Using stepwise logistic
regression analysis, C. pneumoniae was found to be an independent risk factor for coronary heart
disease (CHD). We conclude that C. pneumoniae is an additional risk factor for CHD, and it
must be put in consideration as an aetiologic or precipitating factor for CHD.
-63-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Human & Animal)
NO
: 75
TITLE
: Incidence of Fever Among Infected and Inapparently Infected Animals and
Man in Upper Egypt.
AUTHORS
: Asmaa, A. A.Hussein.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Animal Hygiene, Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 30, No. 60, January 1994.
ABSTRACT
The seroepidemic survey of Q fever in dairy cows reached 28%. The incidence of the disease
was in Assiut 17.1%, Sohag 54.7% and Quena (39.1%) Gevernorates.
The sero-prevalence of Q fever among sheep was 67.3%, in Assiut, 72.8% and Sohag (62.1)
Governorates. The prevalence of Q fever infection among goats reach 80.3%, in Assiut 92.7%
and Sohag 75.8% Governorates. Sero-prevalence of Q fever among clinically infected and
apparently healthy individuals was (36%) in both Assiut (43.4%) and Sohag (16%)
Governorates. All the collected sera were examined by using both the CF and ELLSA tests.
(Meat)
NO
TITLE
AUTHORS
ADDRESS
BULLETIN
:
:
:
:
76
Sanitary Status of Meat Meals in Assiut University Hospitals .
A.Lotfi; H. Youssef; Y. Hefnawy*; A. El-Timawy and A. Nassar
Dept. of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Vet. Med. and *Microbiology, Faculty of
Medicine, Assiut University.
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 23, No. 46, July 1990.
ABSTRACT
One hundred random meat samples were collected under sterile conditions fromgeneral & recent
Assiut University hospitals buildings and were examined bacteriologically to estimate aerobic
plate, Enterobacteriacea, coliforms, faecal coliform, Enterococci and Cl. Perfringens count. Half
of the samples were raw while the other half were cooked. Besides isolation and identification of
some pathogenic microorganisms were conducted. The sanitary improvement and assessment of
the sources of contamination were carried out. Suggestive measures to protect physicians,
patients as well as hospital staffs from the risk of public health hazards were discussed.
-64-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Meat)
NO
TITLE
: 77
: Microbiological Quality of Shawarma in Assiut .
AUTHORS
: R. S. Refaie and Sabah Moustafa .
ADDRESS
BULLETIN
: Animal Health Res. Laboratory, Assiut and Faculty of Vet. Med. Assiut Univ.
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 24, No. 47, October 1990.
ABSTRACT
Thirty samples of Shawarma (Cooked meat) were aseptically collected from various fast-food
restaurants in Assiut City. The samples were examined for aerobic plate counts, Coliforms,
S.aureus and Enterococci counts and for detection of Salmonellae and Shigellae. The aerobic
plate count ranged from 6X103 to 15 X 1082/g. with a mean value of 24.6X107 /g. The counts of
coliforms and S aureus ranged from 1X10 to 5X107 /g and 8 X102 to 5X105 /g. with amean
value of 33.9X105 and 4.9X104 /g. respectively. The coliforms which could be detected in the
examined Shawarma included Hafnia alvei, Citrobacter freundii, Klebsiella Pneumoniae and
Enterobacter cloaca. Enterococci, Salmonella, Shigella could not be detected in the examined
Shawarma samples. Enterococci counts were less than 100/g.
The present investigation indicated that food-borne pathogens present in Shawarma constitute a
potential public health hazard.
NO
: 78
TITLE
: Prevalence of Campylobacter in Fresh and Frozen Meat .
AUTHORS
: R.S. Refaie and B.E. Galal.
ADDRESS
: Animal Health Research Laboratory, Assiut.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 25, No. 50, July 1991.
ABSTRACT
50 fresh and frozen meat samples (25 of each) were examined bacteriologically for the presence
of Campylobacter coli/jejuni. Intact gall bladder, liver and muscle samples were obtained from
each slaughtered animal. The incidence of the isolated organisms from gall bladder and liver
samples were 12% and 8%, respectively. While the organism could not be detected in any of the
examined muscle samples. The two positive samples of liver for Campylobacter were from
animals with positive gall bladder for the organism. One isolate of the organism was obtained
from frozen meat samples. The significance of Campylobacter as a food-borne pathogen was
discussed.
-65-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Meat)
NO
: 79
TITLE
: Microbiological Quality of Suspected Corned Beef in Assiut (Part, 1: Aerobic
Non Sporeforming Microorganism) .
AUTHORS
: R.S. Refaie; A.A. Abou EL-Alla; Seham, M.A and A.M. Sayed.
ADDRESS
: Animal Health Research Laboratory, Assiut.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 28, No 56 January, 1993 .
ABSTRACT
Thirty random samples of corned beef cans were collected from different shops and
supermarkets in Assiut City. The samples were examined for aerobic plate count,
Enterobacteriaceae and Staph. Aureus counts as well as for detection of Salmonellae and
Shigellae; the aerobic plate count ranged from <3×102 to 2×105/g with a mean value 9.4×103.
The count of Enterobacteriaceae and Staph., aureus ranged from 3×102 to 2×104/g and 2×102 to
4×103/g with a mean value of 2.9×103 and 5.2×102/g, respectively. The Enterobacteriaceae which
could be isolated from the examined samples were : Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Proteus
spp. and Hafnia alvei. Salmonella and Shigella could not be detected in the examined samples .
NO
TITLE
AUTHORS
ADDRESS
BULLETIN
: 80
: The Public Health Importance and Economic Losses of Cysticercosis in
Slaughtered Animals in Assiut Province
: A. Nassar and A. Abou-El Ala*
: Dept. of Food hygiene, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Assiut University and
*Animal Health Research, Assiut.
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 30, No. 60, January 1994.
ABSTRACT
Annual frequency distribution of condemned slaughtered animals due to cysticercosis in Assiut
province over period of seven years (1986-1992) was found to be 0.007%, 0.022%, 0.015%, 0.0,
0.186%, 0.011% and 0.015% respectively. The highest frequency of 0.186% was recorded in
year 1990 and among slaughtered animals (Ox, Cow, Buffalo, Male cattle, Male buffaloes) male
cattle recorded the highest incidence. No lesions was recorded among slaughtered oxes and
buffaloes. The condemenations were total, or partial (heat, head, quarter). The public health
significance and economic losses of cysticercosis were discussed.
-66-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Meat)
NO
TITLE
: 81
: Contamination of Meat and Products with Human Bacterial Pathogens .
AUTHORS
ADDRESS
BULLETIN
: Fasial A. Abdel Aal.
: Dept. of Bacteriology, Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut University.
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 30, No. 60, January 1994.
ABSTRACT
A total of hundred and sixty samples of meat products were collected from Assiut and Sohage
cities. The samples were examined bacteriologically for Gram +ve & Gram -ve bacteria with
special reference to Yersinia enterocolitica, Staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faeclis,
Eschericia Coli, Proteus species, Klebs, ellia species, Shigella species, Salmonella species and
Yersinia enterocolitica were isolated from raw meat and meat products and identified. The
minced meat samples showed the higest incidence of bacteria contamination while samples of
basterma were proved to be free from any becterial contamination.
Concerning Yersinia enterocolitica, its incidence in raw meat, minced sausage and beefburger
was 18%, 12%, 20% and 8% respectively.
Cold enrichment media in phosphate buffer saline then subculture on cefsulodinirgasannovobiocin (CIN) medium were used for isolation of Yersinia enterocolitica.
Yersinia enterocolitica could not be recovered from luncheon and basterma samples.
NO
TITLE
AUTHORS
ADDRESS
BULLETIN
:
:
:
:
:
82
Assessment of Fungal Contamination of Fresh Goat Muscles .
Sh. M. Fathi and A.M. Abdel-Fatah .
Dept. of Food Hygiene Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut University.
Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 33. No 65, April, 1995.
ABSTRACT
A total of 15 samples of goat muscles were collected from a village related to Assiut
Governorate. The animals were slaughtered outside the slaughter houses under unhygienic
conditions. The collected samples were 5 muscles of each shoulder, psoas and thigh and
obtained from the same owner at different intervals to evaluate the mycological quality of goat
carcases as meat is retailed in small quantities from hung carcases throughout the day and the
carcase is exposed to ambient temperature, atmospheric and microbial load due to handling
practices. The average mould count was 52, 24 and 44/g, while the average yeast count was 24
X103, 19X103 and 24X102/g of the examined shoulder, psoas and thigh muscles, respectively.
Also, the incidence of identified mould species isolated from examined goat muscles was Asp.
flavus (14.29%), Asp. niger (57.13%), Mucor spp. (14.29%) and penicillium spp. (14.29%) .
-67-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Meat)
NO
TITLE
AUTHORS
ADDRESS
BULLETIN
: 83
: Occurrence and Significance of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in some Meat
Products.
: A. F. Bastawrows .
: Animal Health Research Laboratory, Assiut .
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 37 No 73, April 1997 .
ABSTRACT
A total of 105 random samples of meat products including 45 fresh minced meat, 30 Fresh
sausage and 30 Frozen hamburger were collected from different sources in Assiut city. The
samples were examined for enumeration of Pseudomonas organisms. The obtained results
pointed out that 71.11%, 43.33% and 26.7% of the examined fresh minced meat, fresh sausage
and frozen hamburger samples were positive for Pseudomonas microorganisms with an average
count of 3.2×104, 1.07×103 and 2.2×103/g using surface spread plate technique respectively.
Biochemical and enzymatic activities for 8 isolates of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa were
investigated. It was noticed that the exoproducts of isolates exhibited lethal effect when injected
intraperitoneally into while mice. Concerning the antibiotic sensitivity of the 8 isolated strains of
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa to 8 antimicrobial agents in vitro, they were only sensitive to
Gentamicin, polymyxin -B and Chloramphenicol with an activity of 100%, 87.5% and 12.5%
respectively.
-68-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Meat)
NO
: 84
TITLE
: Microbial Evaluation of Fresh Goat Muscles Sold in a Rural Place in Upper
Egypt .
AUTHORS
: Sh. M. Fathi .
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Food Hygiene Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut University .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 38, No, 75 October 1997 .
ABSTRACT
Thirty goat muscles were microbiologicaly examined for selected microorganisms just after
slaughter and during selling in a rural place related to Assiut Governorate. The animals were
slaughtered outside the official slaughter houses under unhygienic conditions. The collected
samples were 10 muscles of each of the shoulder, psoas and thigh which were obtained from the
same owner at different intervals to evaluate the microbial status of fresh goat carcases as meat
is retailed in small quantities from hung carcases throughout the day. The carcase is exposed to
ambient temperature, atmospheric and microbial load due to handling practices as well as
surfaces of carcases are easily contaminated with microorganisms during skinning and
evisceration. The average counts of aerobic plate, Aeromonas hydrophila, coliforms,
Enterobacteriaceae, E.coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, moulds and yeasts were 76×106, 51×107,
50×105, 46×105, 29.01, 22×104, 53 and 22×103/g of examined shoulder muscles, whereas they
were15×106, 34×107, 20×105, 40×105, 61.31, 89×104, 33 and 19×103/g of psoas muscles and they
were 41×106, 35×107, 10×105, 21×105, 56.70, 16×104,74 and 25×103/g of examined thigh
muscles, respectively. The incidence of identified moulds species isolated from examined goat
muscles was Asp. flavus (18.75%), Asp. niger (56.25%), Mucor spp. (12.50%) and Penicillium
spp. (12.50%). Pulic health hazards of slaughtering food animals in unsanitary places outside
slaughter houses as well as different sources of contamination of such carcases were discussed .
-69-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Meat)
NO
: 85
TITLE
: Incidence of Listeria Monocytogenes in Some Meat Products and Poultry.
AUTHORS
: Amal A. Mohammed and M.M.Ali .
ADDRESS
: Animal Health Research Institute, Assiut Regional Laboratory.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 40, No. 80, January 1999.
ABSTRACT
Listeria monocytogenes has been recognized as major foodborn pathogen especially foods which
are not exposed to heat treatment. So a total of 150 samples of raw and cooked ready-to eat meat
meals collected from different supermarkets and restaurants were examined for the presence of
L. monocytogenes. Out of 30 samples of each raw ground beef, sausage and raw poultry, the
positive samples were 9(30%), 4(13.3%) and 14(46.6), respectively. While the organism could
not be detected in 40 samples of luncheon. In cooked ready to eat poultry meat the organism was
detected in one sample only (10%) and failed to be detected in 10 samples of grilled kofta. The
source of product contamination, thermal and preservative used and public health significance
were discussed.
NO
: 86
TITLE
: Incidence of Aeromonas Hydrophila in Some Selected Frozen Meat Products
in Assiut City .
AUTHORS
: Sh.M. Fathi and Sabah Moustafa.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut Univ. and *Research
Institute of Animal Health, Assiut .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 26, No. 51, October 1991.
ABSTRACT
45 frozen burger, minced meat and sausage samples (15 each) were examined for the presence of
Aeromonas hydrophila by using enrichment and plating procedures. Aeromonas hydrophila was
found in all of examined samples with average count 30X107, 21X107 and 29X107 in the
examined burger, minced meat and sausage samples respectively. A.hydrophila species
was/were identified into A. hydrophila, Asobria and A. caviae group, where the percentage of
their presence in examined samples was 33.33, 40 and 26.67, 46.66, 26.67 and 26.67, 66.67 and
6.66 respectively.
-70-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Meat Products)
NO
: 87
TITLE
: Incidence and Significance of Aeromonas Hydrophila Group in Meat and
Some Meat Products in Assiut.
AUTHORS
: Seham. M. Aly .
ADDRESS
: Animal Health Research Laboratory, Assiut Head of Lab .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 38, No, 75 October 1997 .
ABSTRACT
75 beef cuts (chilled in the lab.), Frozen minced meat and Frozen sausage (25 each) were
Assiut. These samples were examined for the presence of Aeromonas Hydrophila group, using
enrichment procedure and surface spread plate technique. The obtained results pointed out that
frozen sausage respectively, while on Aeromonas Hydrophila group was recovered from beef
Aeromonas Hydrophila strains isolated in this study were
characterized according to species level as follows: 33 Aeromonas Hydrophila,12 Aeromonas
Caviae and 7 as Aeromonas Sobria. All strains were examined for their ability to produce
Haemolysin as a virulence factor. Strains identified a Aeromonas Hydrophila were the strongest
producers of Haemolysin. Concerning Gelatinase and DNase, the majority of the 52 strains had
DNase, and Gelatinase activities. The public health and economic significance of the obtained
results were discussed .
-71-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Meat Products)
NO
: 88
TITLE
: Occurrence of Salmonella and Yersinia Enterocolitica in some Meat Products.
AUTHORS
: Amal A. Mohamed and Seham M. Aly .
ADDRESS
: Animal Health Research Laboratory, Assiut
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 38 No. 76, January 1998 .
ABSTRACT
Hundred random samples of meat products and chicken quarters including Luncheon (40),
minced meat and chicken quarters (30 samples each) were collected from different localities in
Assiut city. The samples were examined for existence of Salmonella and Yersinia Enterocolitica.
The Obtained results revealed that Y. Enterocolitica was isolated from (33.33, 16.6 and 7.5%) of
the examined chicken quarters, minced meat and luncheon samples respectively, while no
Salmonellae were recovered from the samples. The virulence tests were carried out on Y.
Enterocolitica
study. They obtained results proved that 14
(77.77%) out of 18 strains were virulent depending on Guinea pig conjunctivitis tests mouse
diarrhoea model and out agglutination test. On the other hand, only 4 strains (22.22%) recovered
from chicken quarters were non pathogenic. The public health significance suggested measures
for improving the quality of meat and chicken products were given .
NO
: 89
TITLE
: Occurrence of Aeromonas Hydrophila in Raw Milk.
AUTHORS
: Nagah Saad
ADDRESS
: Dept. of food Hygiene, Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 25, No. 50, July 1991.
ABSTRACT
A total of 100 random samples of raw milk were collected from dairy farms, dairy shops, and
street vendors in Assiut City. The samples were examined for Aeromonas hydrophila. The
Rimler Shotts agar with an average count of 3.2 102 and 3 103/ml respectively, while using
MPN technique 38% of the examined samples were positive for the organism.
The public health hazard and suggestive measures were discussed.
-72-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Milk)
NO
: 90
TITLE
:
AUTHORS
: Nagah M. Saad and A. El-R. Thabet .
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Vet. Med. Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 28, No. 56, January, 1993 .
ABSTRACT
Forty milk samples were collected randomly from female camels in the Province of New Valley
of Egypt, and examined for bacteriological quality and mastitis. Correlation between whiteside
test and the bacteriological findings showed a significant agreement percentages between
positive white side test and the bacteriological results. Bacteriological examination of collected
samples revealed the presence of Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococus species, colifrom
organisms. Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The public health importance of
isolated organisms and the suggestive measures were discussed .
(Milk & Milk Products)
NO
: 91
TITLE
: Studies on Yersinia Enterocolitica in Raw Milk and Ice-Cream .
AUTHORS
: Nawal Gh. Kahalil, A.H. Elyas and S.M. Nashed .
ADDRESS :
: Animal Health Research Laboratory, Assiut .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 29, No 57, April 1993 .
ABSTRACT
A total of 175 random samples (125 raw milk and 50 Frozen ice-cream) from different localities
in Assiut City were examined for the occurrence of Y. enterocolitica. The organism was isolated
from 8.8 and 8% of raw milk and ice-cream samples respectively. All isolates belonged to
biotype 4. The importance of Y. enterocolitica as a public health hazard was discussed .
-73-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Milk & Milk Products)
NO
: 92
TITLE
: Up to Date Knowledge on Listeria Monocytogenes, Listeriosis Related to
Milk Coagulants and Cheeses .
AUTHORS
: Fathy E. El-Gazzar* and Seham A. Farrag** .
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Dairy Sci., Faculty of Agric., Assiut University and *Microbiology
Food Lab, National Research Center, Dokki..
BULLETIN
: Symposium on Food Pollution, 15-16 Nov., 1993 .
ABSTRACT
Listeria monocytogenes can infect lactating dairy cows and consequently appear in raw milk
produced by the cows. Milk from cows free of symptoms of listeriosis sometimes also contains
the pathogen. Milk coagulant used to make cheese might get contaminated with L.
monocytogenens. The pathogen is able to survive for several weeks in calf and bovine-pepsin
rennet and for than 70 days in microbial rennet held at 7 °CL. monocytogenes would grow
during the manufacture of Domiati and Feta cheeses and survive for more than 60 days during
the ripening of cheddar, Colby, blue and Feta cheeses if it was originally present in the cheese
milk .
NO
: 93
TITLE
: Isolation of Listeria Species from Raw Milk and some Dairy Products .
AUTHORS
: Nawal. Gh. Khalil and A.F. Bastawrows .
ADDRESS
: Animal Health Research Laboratory, Assiut .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 36 No 72, January 1997 .
ABSTRACT
A total of 180 random samples of milk and some milk produce (kareish cheese and Ice cream)
were collected from different source in Assiut and examined for the presence of Listeria species.
The obtained results pointed out that 1.25%, 2% and 2% of the examined milk, kareish cheese
and ice cream were positive for Listeria monocytogenes. While L. innocua could be isolated
from 3.75%, 2% and 2% of the examined samples respectively. Furthermore, 1.25% 2%, and 4%
of milk, kareish cheese and ice cream contained L. welshimeri. Two methods for enrichment
were performed pathogenicity of L.monocytogenes to mice were studied. The public heath
importance as well as recommended sanitary measures were discussed .
-74-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Milk & Milk Products)
NO
: 94
TITLE
: Incidence of Aeromonas Hydrophila Group in Raw Milk and some Dairy
Products in Assiut City .
AUTHORS
: Nawal Gh. Khalil .
ADDRESS
: Animal Health Research Laboratory, Assiut .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 37 No 73, April 1997 .
ABSTRACT
135 samples of raw milk, kareish cheese and ice cream (45 samples of each) were examined for
presence of Aeromonas Hydrophila group, by using enrichment and plating procedures.
Aeromonas species were detected in 66.7%, 51.1% and 40% of examined raw milk, kareish
cheese and ice cream samples, with an average counts 21×105, 9×107 and 28×1010 in the
examined samples respectively. Aeromonas Hydrophila could be detected in 26.67%, 22.22%
and 17.78% of raw milk, kareish cheese and ice cream respectively. A. Caviae could be detected
in 35.56%, 15.56%, and 20% from raw milk, kareish cheese and ice cream respectively. A.
Caviae could be detected in 35.56%, 15.5%, and 20% from raw milk, kareish cheese and ice
cream respectively. A. Sobria isolated from 4.44%, 13.33% and 2.22% from the same samples
respectively. Haemolytic and proteolytic activity of A. Hydrophila and A. Sobria were studied.
The public health importance as well as recommended sanitary measures were discussed.
-75-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Milk & Milk Products)
NO
: 95
TITLE
: Some Studies on Yersinia Enterocolitica in Milk and some Dairy Products.
AUTHORS
: E. El-Prince and M. S. Sabreen .
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University.
: 8th Sci. Con. 15-17 Nov. 1998, Fac. Vet. Med. Assiut Univ.
BULLETIN
ABSTRACT
A total of two hundred and fifty random samples of raw milk, ice cream, Domiati cheese,
cooking butter and yoghurt (50 from each) were collected from dairy farms, groceries and
supermarkets in Assiut City and examined for the presence of Yersinia enterocolitica. The
organism was existed in 16,6 and 2% of the examined raw milk, ice cream and yoghurt,
respectively. The organism failed to recover from Domiati cheese and cooking butter. The
virulence of the isolated strains was tested and found to be 62.5 and 33.3% of the strains
recovered from raw milk and ice cream, respectively. Additionally, ice cream was prepared in
the laboratory and inoculated with 24 hours old cultures of Y. enterocolitica. Potassium sorbate
was added in two concentrations (0.1 and 0.3%). The sample of each concentration was divided
into 2 parts, one was stored at freezing (-4°C) and the other at deep freezing (-18°C)
temperatures. Thereafter, the inhibitory action of potassium sorbate on the growth and survival
of Y. enterocolitica in the inoculated ice cream samples was determined every week and up to 8
weeks. The public health hazard of Y. enterocolitica and the suggestive measures for improving
the quality of milk and some dairy products were discussed .
-76-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Milk & Milk Products)
NO
: 96
TITLE
: Isolation of Listeria Monocytogenes and other Listeria Species from Milk and
some Dairy Products.
AUTHORS
: Enas El- Prince
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 40, No. 80, January 1999.
ABSTRACT
Two-hundred random samples of raw milk, Domiati cheese, cooking butter and yoghurt (50
each) were collected from street vendors, different local supermarkets, dairy farms and dairy
shops in Assiut city, Egypt. The samples were examined bacteriologically for the presence of L.
monocytogenes and other Listeria spp. Obtained results revealed that L. monocytogenes was
found in one sample (2%) of both raw milk and Domiati cheese, while the organism failed
detection in the examined cooking butter and yoghurt samples. However, L. innocua could be
isolated from one (2%) and 2(4%) of the examined raw milk and cooking butter samples,
respectively. Also, 4(8%) of cooking butter samples proved to harbour L. welshimeri. The public
health importance of Listeria spp. In milk and dairy products and the suggestive measures were
discussed.
NO
: 97
TITLE
: Incidence of Clostridium Perfringens in Milk Powder .
AUTHORS
: Nagah, M. Saad .
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Food Hygiene Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. vol. 32. No 64, January, 1995.
ABSTRACT
A total of 50 random samples of milk powder were collected from different localities in Assiut
city and examined for the incidence of Clostridium perfringens. Cl. perfringens could be
detected in 14% of the examined samples using MPN technique, with an average count of
50.48/g. While on SPS agar the organism was present in 12% of the examined Samples, with an
average count of 337/g. The public health importance of Cl. perfringens was discussed .
-77-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Milk Products)
NO
: 98
TITLE
: Microbiological Evaluation of Ice Cream Mix Powder in Assiut City.
AUTHORS
: M.S. Sabreen and Amal A. Abdel-Haleem* .
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut University and
*Laboratory of Animal Health Research, Assiut .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 36 No 72, January 1997 .
ABSTRACT
A hundred random samples of ice cream mix powder flavoured with chocolate mango,
strawberry and vanilla (twenty five of each), were collected from Assiut City markets and
groceries over a period of one year to determine their microbiological quality. The average
counts of aerobic plate, psychrotrophic, B.cereus, enterobacteriaceae, coliforms, fecal
coliforms, enterococci and total yeast and mould in the examined samples were 1×107, 8 ×104,
3×104, 5×10, 5, 4,2×103 and 9×102 cells/g, respectively. The incidences of psychrotrophs,
B.cereus, enterobacteriaceae, coliforms, fecal coliforms, enterococci and total yeast & mould
were respectively, 100, 79, 42, 9, 2, 23 and 100%. On the other hand, Staph. epidermidis,
micrococci and clostridia were present in 21, 8 and 41% respectively. While, E. coli and Staph.
aureus failed to be isolated from the examined samples. The public health importance and
suggestive measures for improving the quality of ice cream mix powder have been discussed.
-78-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Milk Products)
NO
: 99
TITLE
: Incidence and Characterization of Aeromonas Species in Domiati and Kareish
Cheese Sold in Assiut Province .
AUTHORS
: Enas El-Prince .
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut University .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 39 No. 78, July 1998 .
ABSTRACT
A total of 100 random samples of locally manufactured Domiati and Kareish cheese (50 from
each) were collected from dairy shops, groceries and farmers houses in Assiut province. The
samples were examined for enumeration and isolation of Aeromonas species as well as to
evaluate their haemolytic activity and degree of virulence. The Aeromonas species could be
isolated from 14% and 16% of the examined Domiati cheese samples using MacConkey
mannitol ampicillin agar (MMA) and Trypticase soy ampicillin agar (TSA) with an average
counts of 1×104/g, respectively. However, in case of Kareish cheese, the percentages of positive
samples were 66% by using MMA medium and 64% by using TSA medium, as well as the
average count were 5×103 and 9×104/g, respectively. A. caviae was the most common species
isolated from Domiati cheese (68.7%) followed by A. hydrophila (18.8%) and A. sobria (12.5%).
While in case of Kareish cheese, A. hydrophile and A. caviae were the predominant species
comprising (39.5%), while A. sobria comprising (21.0%) of the total isolates. Concerning the
haemolytic activity of the isolated species recovered from Domiati cheese samples, one of each
of A. hydrophila and A. sobria and 2 of A. caviae had the ability to produce haemolysin. While
10, 2 and 3 strains of A. hydrophile, A. caviae and A. sobria isolated from Kareish cheese were
positive for haemolysin, respectively. The public health hazard of Aeromonas species and the
suggestive measures for improving the quality of Domiati and Kareish cheeses were discussed .
-79-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Pigeons)
NO
TITLE
: 100
: Vaccination Against Paramyovirus Type 1 .
AUTHORS
: K. El-Zanaty; T.Y. Abd El- Motilib; B. Salem and M. Seif-Edin .
ADDRESS
BULLETIN
: Dept. of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut University.
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 26, No. 52, January 1992.
ABSTRACT
Pigeons were vaccinated twicely four weeks apart with prepared oil emulsion (OE) pigeon
isolate paramyxovirus type 1 (PMV-1) and/or standard Newcastle disease virus vaccines by
different systems. Evaluation of immune response was based on estimation of the
hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody response and protection against intravenous (IV)
challenge with PMVI (a field pigeon isolate). The HI titres were measured weekly post second
vaccination, while challenge was done four weeks after the second dose of vaccination. Two
doses of prepared OE-PMVI vaccine (pigeons in 1st group) gave higher antibody response
(mean log2 8.9) at third week after the second vaccination and more protection from IV
challenge in comparison with other vaccinated groups.
NO
TITLE
AUTHORS
ADDRESS
:
:
:
:
101
Some Studies on Trichomonas Gallinae Infection in Pigeons .
T.Y. Abd-El-Motelib and Bahy El-Gamal Galal*.
Dept. of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut University and
*Animal Health Research Institute Assiut.
BULLETIN
: Assiut, Vet. Med. J. Vol. 30, No 59, October 1993.
ABSTRACT
Random samples of 95 pigeon squabs, 87 youngsters and 106 adult living pigeons were collected
from different sources in Assiut province including domestic and racing pigeons of both
individually housed and lofts pigeons. Examination of crop samples directly under microscope
and cultural trial on artificial media revealed that the infestation with trichomonas gallinae was
24.2% in pigeon squabs, 40.2% in youngsters and 57.5% in adult pigeons. The clinical signs and
post mortem lesions of naturally infested pigeon squabs, youngsters and adult pigeons were
studied. Experimental transmission of the disease to pigeon squabs by feeding of the cultured
trichomonads showed that all of the squabs became infested. The result of in vitro sensitivity test
revealed that the parasite was very sensitive (100%) to both Flagyl and Fasigyn but less
sensitive to acriflavin (25%). The in vivo sensitivity test showed that both Flagyl and Fasigyn
were of high efficacy in treatment of all squabs experimentally infested with Trichomonas
gallinae, while acriflavin was of low therapeutic effect .
-80-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Pigeons)
NO
TITLE
: 102
: Herpesvirus Encephalitis in Pigeons .
AUTHORS
: T.Y. Abd-El-Motelib; S.S El-Ballal* and Bahy El-Gamal Galal**.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Poultry Diseases, *Pathology, Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut
University and **Animal Health Research Institute Assiut .
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 30, No. 60, January 1994.
BULLETIN
ABSTRACT
An investigation of a disease with clinical nervous signs, conjunctivitis and greenish diarrhea
together with congestion of parenchymatous organs and brain meninges in the acute cases and
focal areas of liver necrosis in advanced stages in autopsied pigeons of 2 lofts of pigeons was
carried out. The mortality rate was 20% and 30% in loft A and B respectively. All attempts for
demonstration of the bacterial agents including chlamydia psittaci or fungi were unsuccessful.
Herpesvirus was isolated from a number of birds examined from both lofts. The isolated virus
produced pocks on the CAM of chicken embryos. Histopathology of the pock lesions of the
CAM revealed areas of ectodermal hyperplasia. The embryonic liver contained several minute
necrotic lesions. Single basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies were observed in the ectodermal
cells of the CAM and hepatocytes surrounding the necrotic lesions of the liver. Ultrastructurally,
viral particles typical for pigeons herpesvirus were demonstrated in these inclusions. The virus
was sensitive to ether and chloroform and completely destroyed at 56°C for 30 minutes, 4%
phenol. 4% formalin and 2 NaoH but not by pH4.The experimental infection of 8-week-old
pigeons by inoculation of infected CAM suspension subcutaneously proved the pathogenic
nature of the virus.
-81-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Plants)
NO
: 103
TITLE
: Role of Onion Seeds in Transmission of Damping-Off Causal Fungi and
Chemical Control of the Disease .
AUTHORS
: A.A. Abd-Elrazik, F.G. Fahmy, A.M. Amein and A.I. El-Amein .
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 21. 1., 1990 .
ABSTRACT
Isolation of fungi associated with onion seed samples collected from different localities of
Upper Egypt yielded 15 species of fungi belonging to 10 genera. Frequency of fungi in different
localities was different. Seed samples of Assiut and Qena Governorates carried much more
fungi than those of Minia and New Valley Governorates. Pathogenicity tests of the isolated
fungi proved that seven isolates of Fusarium Oxysporum Schlecth., two of F. Solani (Mart.)
Sacc. and one of each of F. Moniliforme Wollenw & Reink, F. Equiseti (Corda) Sacc. and
Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn were pathogenic on Giza 6 onion cultivar causing damping-off
disease. However, other fungi were nonpathogenic .
Aggressiveness of the pathogenic fungi and their capability to cause damping-off on the tested
onion cultivar were different .
Laboratory screening test of certain fungicides against growth of highly aggressive isolates of
fungi indicated that Bavistin and Benlate were superior in their toxicity against almost all tested
fungi followed by Homai and Rovral TS .
Seed dressing with the tested fungicides at 2, 4 and 6 g fungicide / kg seed rates inhibited
growth of tested fungi on PDA medium. Level of inhibition was different according to the tested
fungicide and fungicidal dose .
Seed treatment with the different rates of the tested fungicides protected also seedlings of Giza 6
onion cultivar from infection with damping-off in greenhouse. Seed treatment with 4 or 6 g
fungicides / kg seed was superior in controlling the disease .
-82-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Plants)
NO
: 104
TITLE
: Fungi Associated with Wheat Grains in Upper Egypt and Their Chemical
Control .
AUTHORS
: Amal, M. El-Eraky; F.A. Saeed; M.S. Mohamed and A.M. Amein .
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Plant Path., Faculty of Agriculture Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 24 : 3, 1993 .
ABSTRACT
Twenty seven fungal species belonging to fourteen genera were found to be associated with
wheat grains collected from different localities in Upper Egypt. The most frequent fungi were
Aspergillus Niger and Alternaria Alternata, however, the least frequent ones were Fusarium
spp., Curvularia Lunata and Rhizoctonia Solani. Fungal frequency varied by locality. Virulence
of the isolated pathogenic fungi was different. R. Solani, A. Alternata and Drechslera Halodes
caused highest percentage of pre-emergence damping-off. Also, F. Moniliforme, caused the
highest percentage of post-emergence damping-off. Benlate (50%) proved to be the most toxic
fungicides to the growth of the tested pathogenic fungi in vitro followed by Rizolex (50%), then
Vitavax/Captan (75%). Treating seeds of Giza 164 and Stork wheat cultivars with Rizolex (50%)
or Vitavax/Captan (75%) at the rate of 3-6 g/kg seed and Benlate (50%) at the rate of 2-4 g/kg
seeds reduced incidence of damping off caused by F. Monilifrome and F. Oxysporum in
greenhouse .
NO
: 105
TITLE
: Mycoflora of Some Medicine Plants Growing in the Egyptian Easters Desert .
AUTHORS
: R. A. Badran and A. M. El-Zawahry*.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kena and *Plant Pathology, Faculty
Agriculture, Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Acta Mycologica Vol. 29 (2) : 237- , 1994.
ABSTRACT
In total 40 species of fungi belonging to 16 genera were isolated from 2 media : glucose and
cellulosehighest total count (1903 colonies/g) was obtained from Artemisia cina leaves on glucoseglucosetested plant.
-83-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Plants)
NO
: 106
TITLE
: Effect of Interculture of Marigold. Tagetes Erecta on Meloidogyne Javanica
Infecting Tomato and Tylenchulus Semipenetrans Infecting Citrus.
AUTHORS
: A. M. EL-Zawabry
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Egyptian J. of Applied Sci., Vol. 9, No. 7 , July, 1994
ABSTRACT
A greenhouse experiment was carried out to study the effect of the interculture of marigold,
Tagetes erecta on the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica infecting tomato plants and the
citrus nematode, Tylenchulus semipenetrans infecting orange plants. Data revealed that T. erecta
significantly reduced the rate of multiplication (R factor) and the root gall index of M. javanica
in tomato roots and the rate of multiplication and the number of egg-masses of T. semipenetrans
in orange roots. Also soil and root populations of both nematode species were reduced markedly
when marigold plants were transplanted into the soil with the two nematode species.
The laboratory experiment revealed that the suppression of marigold was greater with the high
dose (5%) and the longest exposure period (48 hours). The minimum of 64.4 and 53.4% juvenile
mobility of M. javanica were count with leaf and root extracts, respectively. On the other hand,
the minimum of 60.8 and 53.4% juvenile mobility of T. semipenetrans were counted with leaf
and root extracts, respectively.
-84-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Plants)
NO
TITLE
AUTHORS
ADDRESS
BULLETIN
: 107
: Fungi of Stored Soybean Seeds in Relation to Seed and Their Role in Seed
Deterioration .
: M. H. Hassan, M. K. Arafa* and A. I. Ismail*.
: Dept. of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University and
*Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricu. Research Center, Cairo.
: Assiut J. Agricu. Sci., Vol. 27, No. 2, 1996.
ABSTRACT
and 6 months in cold storage (5°C) and in room temperature (24-30°C). An increase in both seed
moisture content and the rate of discolored embryos with increasing storage period was observed,
while germination percentage was decreased. Seed in the cold storage consistently had a higher
germination than those stored in room temperature . Under both cold storage and room temperature
cv. Clark seeds were more invaded by storage fungi, especially, Aspergillus glaucus, Penicillium
spp. and Alternaria alternata than cvs. Lee and Woodworth. With increased storage period the
number of seeds with field fungi decreased. Except for Aspergillus flavus and A. oryzae, the highest
fungal invasions occurred at about 4 months in storage and this coincided with the period of highest
moisture content and profound decrease in germination. Seed extracts of soybean cultivars induced a
high degree of stimulation in rate of spore or sclerotia germination of majority of the tested fungi.
Seed coat leachates caused only a marginal effect which was positive on all the fungi. Higher
stimulation was obtained by seed extracts and Seed coat leachates of Clark soybean .
NO
: 108
TITLE
AUTHORS
ADDRESS
BULLETIN
:
:
:
:
Microbial Aspects of Locally Manufactured Mayonnaise .
A.A. Bahout; A. Nassar and E.A. Saleh.
Dept. of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut University.
Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 34, No. 68, January 1996.
ABSTRACT
Commercially locally manufactured mayonnaise was examined and evaluated microbiologically. The
mean pH value was 3.89 (3.2-44.4). The microbiological examination revealed that the mean values
of standard plate count, Aerobic spore forming count, staphylococci count and total yeast and mould
2
count of mayonnaise examined sample were 44.2, 33.3, 26,37.2 and 1.1*10 CFU/g respectively.
Bacillus spp., Lactobacillus app., coagulase negative staphylococci, Saccharomyces spp.,
Deparyomyces spp., Cladosporium spp., and Geotrichum spp. Could be isolated from mayonnaise
samples at varying percentages from 3.30, 33.3%. Salomonella and coagulase positive sttaphylococci
failed to be detected. Suggested hygienic measures for improving the quality of mayonnaise and
safeguard the consumers were discussed.
-85-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Plants)
NO
: 109
TITLE
: Biological Control of Fusarium Wilt of Gladiolus Caused by Fusarium
Oxysporum f. Sp. Gladioli .
AUTHORS
: M. H. Hassan and A. A. Tawfik* .
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Plant Pathology and *Horticulture, Faculty of Agric., Assiut Univ.
BULLETIN
: First Egyptian Hung. Hort. Conf. Kafr El-Sheikh; Egypt 15-17 Sept. 1996.
ABSTRACT
Three fungal species (Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, Penicillum griseofulvum and one
bacterial species (Bacillus subtilis) exhibited high antagonistic effects against gladiolus
Fusarium wilt pathogen in vitro. Trichoderma harzianum and T. viride or mixture of them
caused the greatest reduction in disease incidence as biocontrol agents B. subtilis and
P. griseofulrum had moderate effect and they were similar to use of fungicides (Benlate,
Ronilan, and Sumisclex) as chemical control of gladiolus fusarium wilt. Cut spike characteristics
(weight, whole length, flowering area length, and floret leaf numbers) in each of the treatments
with T. harzianum and T. viride of their mixture did differ significantly from those produced by
corms planted in pathogen free soil. Weight of new-corms produced from mother-corms treated
with T. harzianum was similar to those produced from mother-corms planted in disease free soil
but greater than those obtained from treatments with T. viride and mixture of T. harzianum and
T. viride.
NO
: 110
TITLE
: Studies on the Genus Penicillium and some Allied Genera in Egypt .
AUTHORS
: Neamat. A. Hussion
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Botany, Faculty of Science, Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Thesis, 1997.
ABSTRACT
A total 284 isolates of penicillium and allied genera (Eupenicillium, Talaromyces and
Paecilomyces) were collected from different sources and places. These isolates belonged to 4
genera Penicillium (242 isolates), Eupenicillium (5), Talaromyces (6) and Paecilomyces (1).
These isolates were examined morphologically (Nmacroscopic and microscopic features) and
physiologically and biochemically (enzyme production, growth and base production from some
carbon and nitrogen sources, ... etc) .
-86-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Plants)
NO
TITLE
: 111
: The Survey of Order Isoptera III : On Aswan Botanical Island and Control of
Amitermes Desertorum by Crude Extract and Some Pure Compounds Isolated
AUTHORS
: A.I. Hamed, H. M. Abdel-Wahab*, N. A. El-Emary** and S. A. El-Eraky***.
: Dept. of Botany, ∗Zoology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University,
∗∗Faculty of Pharmacy and ∗∗∗Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University.
: Ass. Univ. Bull. Environ. Res., October. 1(2) (1998).
ADDRESS
BULLETIN
ABSTRACT
A study of the trees on Botanical Island at Aswan recorded seven species belonging to four
families which were infested by the subterranean termite Amitermes desertorum (Desneux). This
termite was recorded as the only species in this island representing the order Isoptera.
Many structura
(Asteraceae), including sesquiterpene lactones, arborescin and argentiolid β[1,2], a group of lignan
compounds especially sesamine and yangambin and the crude extract were tested against the
workers of the subterranean termite, A. desertorum (Desneux). The crude extract showed
significant insecticidal activity against either feeding or survival after one week at all tested levels,
and the compounds argentiolid β and sesamine gave a high effect at concentration level 25% after
two days. The crude extract was applied on two species of trees on this island.
NO
: 112
TITLE
: Antitermite Principles Isolated From The Wild Herb, Psoralea Plicata Del.
AUTHORS
: H. M. Abdel-Wahab A. I. Hamed and N. A. El-Emary*
ADDRESS
: Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Aswan, and *Faculty Pharmacy,
Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Ass. Univ. Bull. Environ. Res., October, 1(2) (1998).
ABSTRACT
The total extract and seven compounds isolated from the indigenous herb Psoralea plicata
Leguminosae were evaluated against Amitermis desertorum which causes wide range of damage
for trees and woody household furniture in upper Egypt. The study revealed the promising
activity of plicatin-B as termiticidal within one week. On the other hand, plicatin-B was proved
to be potent antibacterial against the bacteria isolated from the gut of the termite , where the
insect is dependable on digestion of its food.
-87-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Poultry)
NO
: 113
TITLE
: Quality Evaluation of Ready to Eat Poultry in Assiut City.
AUTHORS
: Y. Hefnawy and Sabah Moustafa.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut University .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 23, No. 46, July 1990.
ABSTRACT
Thirty random samples of ready to eat poultry were collected under sterile conditions from
different food service establishments and restaurants in Assiut City where they were assayed for
their microbial quality. The mean values of aerobic plate count, enterobacteriaceae count,
4
2
2
2
staphylococci count and enterococci count were 7.1X10 , 10 ,10 , and 3.26X10 colony forming
funit (CFU) /gm respectively. Out of 30 examined poultry samples 10%, 20%, 16.67%, 10% and
6.67% were positive for E.coli, Staph aureus, Strept. Faecalis, Clostridium perfringens and
Yersinia enterocrlitica respectively. Salmonellae and Campylobacter failed to be detected in the
examined samples. Significance of the isolated organisms as well as suggestive hygienic
measures for handling, preparation and storage of ready to eat poultry were discussed.
NO
: 114
TITLE
: The Role of Environment in the Occurrence of Clostridial Infection Among
Fowl.
AUTHORS
: Reem M. Dosoky.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Animal Hygiene, Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut University
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 24, No. 47, October 1990.
ABSTRACT
Necrotic entritis was consistently produced when fowl fed ration contaminated with clostridium
perfringens. Microbiological examination of 50 dead birds with a history of necrotic enteritis
revealed the recovery of clostridium perfringens from a sum of 46 liver, 30 spleen, 44 intistine
and 42 intistinal contents. The organism was also recovered from the ration consumed by birds
(concentrates) as well as from litter, water and droppings. Contaminated ration was found to be
the main source of infection and litter producing another focus of infection .
-88-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Poultry)
NO
: 115
TITLE
: Occurrence of Campylobacter in Poultry Carcasses .
AUTHORS
: Bahy El-Gamal Galal; R.S. Refaie and A.A. Abou El-Ailla .
ADDRESS
: Animal Health Research Laboratory, Assiut .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 26, No. 52, January 1992.
ABSTRACT
A total of 100 chicken meat, liver, gall bladder and kidney samples obtained from 25 poultry
carcasses collected from different shops in Assiut city were investigated for campylobacter
jejuni. 8 out of 100 chicken samples (8%) were positive for Campylobacter. Campylobacter
isolates were recovered from the chicken meat (4%), while from the liver, gall bladder and
kidney samples were 8%, 12% and 8%respectively. Sanitary conditions and control measures for
avoidance of campylobacteriosis is discussed.
NO
: 116
TITLE
: Occurrence of Campylobacter Spp. in Broilers and Laying Hens Suffering
from Diarrhea .
AUTHORS
: M.M. Ahmed & F.A. Ahmed
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Animal Hygiene, Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut Univ.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 32, No. 63, October 1994
ABSTRACT
More recently Campylobacter spp. have been recognised as a common aetiological agent in
human diarrhoeas. In many reports chickens have been mentioned as a possible source of
infection. The epidemiological factors leading to the infection of chicken with campylobacters
have been rather presumptive and the effect of the mere presence of campylobacters in the
digestive tract of chicken on poultry production is not well known. In this study,30 fresh
dropping specimens were randomly taken from diarrhoeic broilers and laying hens housed
intensively in Bari-Mour and Arab El-Awamer poultry farms.
Camplobacter jejuni (15%) and Campylobacter coli (10%) were recovered from the faecal swabs
of 20 laying hens and 10 broilers respectively.
-89-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Poultry)
NO
: 117
TITLE
: Occurrence of Listeria Species in Laying Hens .
AUTHORS
: Asmaa A.A. Hussein .
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Animal Hygiene & Zoonoses, Fac. of Vet. Med., Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 38, No, 75 October 1997 .
ABSTRACT
Eggs and droppings of laying hens were examined for the presence of Listeria Organisms. The
recovery rates of L. Monocytogenes and other Listeria Species of the egg shell rinses amounted
to 8.3% and 3.3% respectively. Detection of Listeria failed in egg contents. The isolation rates
of L. Monocytogenes and other Listeria Species of egg shell rinses & egg contents were 3.3%
(L. Monocytogenes) and 1.6% (other Listeria Species). The overall recovery rate of Listeria
from the droppings amounted to 25% (13.3% for L. Monocytogenes. and 11.7% for other
Listeria Species). The public health importance of Listeria in eggs and droppings of layers was
discussed.
-90-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Poultry)
NO
: 118
TITLE
: Survival of Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia Coli in Poultry
Environment Under Different Thermal Conditions .
AUTHORS
: M.M. Ahamed and S.A. Sotohy.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Animal Hygiene Fac. of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 38 No. 76, January 1998 .
ABSTRACT
The survival period of Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli (NTCC 1106) were
evaluated in a variety of poultry environment including rations (starter and finisher), litter (new
and old) as well as agricultural soil. The obtained results revealed that, the moisture contents of
the experimental media were fluctuated between 11.23 to 28.74% at starting of the experiment.
At the end of the experiment, it was recorded that the moisture content was reduced to 3.028.03% and 3.19-6.56% at 38 and 25 °C, respectively. On the other hand, it was detected that
both tested pathogens, Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli were survived more
longer in soil than poultry feeds and litter. In this respect it was found that, both the organisms
S. Typhimurium and E. coli were survived for 42 and 39 weeks at 25°C while they were
survived for 16 and 14 weeks at 38°C, respectively. The longevity of tested Salmonella
Typhimurium in starter and finisher poultry rations was 10 and 17 weeks at 38 and 25 °C, while
survival of E. coli reached 11 and 10 weeks at 38°C in poultry feed and litters, respectively.
Moreover, its survival was prolonged to 18 weeks 25°C for both starter and finisher poultry
rations. Furthermore the obtained results demonstrated that, longevity of the tested microbes
were relatively short in both new and old poultry litter. However S. Typhimurium showed
persistence between 11 and 12 weeks at 38° C and from 13 to 14 weeks at 25°C, while E. coli
survival was fluctuated between 12 to 13 at 38°C and 14 to 15 weeks at 25°C. In general, it was
concluded that survival of S. Typhimurium was longer in poultry rations than poultry litter at
25°C. With the same manner the longevity of both microbes was relatively prolonged in new
poultry litter than the old one. Hygienic measures for prevention or even minimizing
contamination of poultry environment were discussed .
-91-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Poultry)
NO
TITLE
AUTHORS
ADDRESS
BULLETIN
: 119
: Pathological Changes of the Reproductive Tract of Laying Hens and Their
Causative Agents.
: M. Mubarak; A.M. Abd-El Gawad* and A.F. Bastawrous*
: Dept. of Pathology & Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut
University and *Animal Health Research Institute, Assiut.
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 40, No.79, October 1998.
ABSTRACT
A total of 480 freshly dead laying hens procured from local governmental farms at Assiut
Governorate were surveyed for the pathological affections of the reproductive tract and their
causative agents. Grossly abnormal 100 reproductive tracts were collected and examined
pathologically and microbiologically. The main types of pathological changes were: Oophoritis
(23%), salpingitis (30%), egg peritonitis (14%), egg bound (4%), internal laying (2%), ruptured
oviduct (2%), degenerated ovarian follicles (10%), cystic oviducts (6%) and cystic ovaries (7%). The
isolated bacterial agents were: Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium, Proteus vulgaris,
proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli (O86: K61), Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae,
Citrobacter cloacae and Yersinia enterocolitica. No viral agents were recovered from the examined
reproductive tracts. The obtained data indicate that the demonstrated pathological changes have
adverse effects on the productivity of the laying hens. Moreover, the present study has a public health
importance as some of the isolated bacterial agents can be transmitted in the contents of table eggs.
NO
: 120
TITLE
: Prevalence of Tumours Among Poultry Flocks in Egypt.
AUTHORS
: M. Aly; M. Saif-Eldin and S. Mousa.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 41, No. 81, April 1999.
ABSTRACT
Tumours were found to be responsible for deaths at rates of 11%, 5%, 1.2%, and 3% in native breed
chicks, layers, broilers, and broiler breeders respectively. Sera and egg-albumen were monitored for
presence of P-27 common antigen of avian leukosis virus (ALV) by ELISA test. Titer of endogenous
virus was detected in most of poultry farms at various degrees. The highest percentages were detected
in meat type chicken flocks (25%) and native breed chicks (33%) and the titer of endogenous virus
sera of dams as well as in serum samples of the offspring and the ratio was found to be correlated.
-4 weeks of age.
-92-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Rabbits)
NO
TITLE
AUTHORS
ADDRESS
BULLETIN
: 121
: Role of Haematological Picture and Biochemical Analysis of Blood Serum in
Diagnosis of Listeriosis in Rabbits .
: T.Y. Abdel-Motelib and M.N. Abdel-Salam*
: Dept. of Poultry Diseases and *Animal Mid., Fac. of Vet. Med., Assiut Univ.
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 26, No. 52, January 1992.
ABSTRACT
Haematological picture and biochemical analysis of blood serum of naturally infected adult New
Zealand rabbits with Listeria monocytoqenes and healthy ones were performed. The study was
designed to evaluate the role of the above mentioned examinations in the diagnosis of listeriosis in
rabbits. Anaemia and leucocytosis were observed in diseased group. Hypoalbuminaemia and slight
elevation of serum globulin level were evident in infected rabbits than healthy one. There were no
significant differences in the changes between the two groups in case of blood serum glucose,
creatinine and urea nitrogen. A severe drop in serum electrolytes was found in diseased group when
compaired with healthy ones. Our results indicated that haematological and biochemical analysis of
blood serum could be of value if it is used together with other laboratory tests for diagnosis of
listeriosis.
NO
TITLE
: 122
: The Occurrence of Rabbit Viral Haemorrhagic Disease (RVHD) in Egypt.
AUTHORS
ADDRESS
BULLETIN
: B. Salem and S.S. El-Ballal*.
: Dept. of Poultry Diseases and *Path., Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut University.
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 27. No 53, April, 1992.
ABSTRACT
A highly fatal infectious disease was obtained in adult rabbits in Assiut area during winter of 1992.
Many outbreaks of the disease occurred in domestic rabbit colonies. The mortality rate was 100%
among a rabbit colony of 26 rabbits and it was 96.5% in another colony of 29 adult rabbits. The
course of the disease was drastic and the clinical symptoms ranged between peracute and acute
picture. Infected rabbit died suddenly without any observed clinical manifestations. Haemorrhagic
foamy discharge from the nostrils and vagina was observed in few cases. Post mortem findings
included bloody mucous in the trachea, discoloured liver. The diagnosis of the disease was relied on
the epidemiological observation and detection of the virus particles in hepatic cells by electron
microscopy. Experimental infection of adult rabbits was carried out by organ suspensions. Infected
rabbit died within 42 to 66 hours, with the same post mortem lesions as those observed in natural
outbreaks. The organ suspensions of the diseased and experimentally infected animals showed a
haemagglutination titer using type 0 human and chicken erythrocytes. Convalescent rabbit serum
completely abolished haemagglutination in haemagglutination-inhibition test, whereas normal rabbit
serum had no inhibitory effect.
-93-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Rabbits)
NO
: 123
TITLE
: Studies on the Common Species of Mites Parasitizing Rabbits in Assiut.
AUTHORS
: Fatma G. Sayed.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Parasitology, Fac. of Vet. Med., Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 31, No. 62, July 1994.
ABSTRACT
Two species of mites were isolated from naturally infected rabbits in Assiut Locality, Psoroptes
cuniculi from the ears of rabbits (causing psoroptic ear mange) and sarcoptes scabiei var.
cuniculi on the face (around the nose) of rabbits. Infected animals were treated successfully with
a subcutaneous injection of ivermectin 200 ug/kg. B.W for two successive doses with 15 days
interval. Handlers of infected rabbits were suffering from allergic manifestations in the form of
urticaria.
NO
TITLE
AUTHORS
: 124
: Pathological and Immunological Changes in Rabbits Infected with Infection
Bovine Rhinotracheitis Virus (IBR)
: E.K. Nafie; R.H.M.Doghaim*; M.El-Nimr**; A.E.Agag*** and Mona.
Hamouda* .
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Bact., Fac. of Med., Assiut Univ., * Fac. of Vet. Med., Cairo Univ.,
**Faculty of Med., Assiut Univ., and ***Animal Health Research Institute
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 35, No. 70, July. 1996
ABSTRACT
Forty pathogen free newzealand rabbits were used in this study. They were divided into 3
groups: the first group consisted of 24 infected intravenously with IBR virus. The second of 10
infected intranasally and the third of 6 as uninoculated control. The intravenous route proved to
be the best one for studying the pathogenesis of IBR virus infection in rabbits. The virus affects
various organs with intranuclear inclusion bodies as well as endotheliosis. Moreover there is
both humoral as well as cell-mediated immune responses as detected by Serum neutralization
test (SNT) and leukocytic migration inhibitory factor (MIF) respectively.
-94-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Rabbits)
NO
: 125
TITLE
: Some Studies on Listeria Monocytogenes in Rabbits .
AUTHORS
: S.Kh. Abd El-Ghaffar and A.M. Abd-Elgwad* .
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Vet. Med., Assiut
University and *Animal Health Research Institute. Assiut Lab .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 38, No, 75 October 1997 .
ABSTRACT
In studying Listeria Monocytogenes
animals suspected clinically and pathologically to suffer from the disease were examined. The
affected rabbits were collected from different governmental and private farms at Assiut
Governorate. They were subjected to post mortem as well as bacteriological examinations. Only
nine positive cases of Listeria Monocytogenes were isolated with an incidence of 18%.
Identification of the causative organism was based on morphological, biochemical and biological
characters as well as histopathological lesions Liver, uterus and brain showed the typical lesions
of listeriosis in rabbit the gravid and aborted uteri were severely affected than the non gravid
one. The spleen showed severe heamorhage in the red pulp and exhaustion of the lymphocytic
elements. In vitro antibiotics sensitivity tests showed that the examined isolates were highly
sensitive to gentamycin, tetracycline and spictinomycin .
-95-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Rats)
NO
: 126
TITLE
: Histopathological and Ultrastructural Evaluation of the Effect of Nigella
Sativa on Experimentally Induced Acrylamide Neurotoxicity in Rats .
AUTHORS
: S. S. El-Ballal and E. M. El-Manakhly*.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Vet. Med. Assiut Univ.
and *Pathology & Parasitology, Faculty of Vet. Med., Alex. Univ.
: 8th Sci. Con. 15-17 Nov. 1998, Fac. Vet. Med. Assiut University.
BULLETIN
ABSTRACT
Forty albino rats were divided into four groups to study the protective effect of Nigella sativa on
acrylamide induced neurotoxicity. Group (1) received acrylamide in a dose of 50 ppm in
drinking water. Group (2) was injected with Nigella sativa extract in a dose of 0.4 ml/Kg B.W.
subcutaneously. Group (3) received acrylamide and Nigella sativa extract simultaneously in a
doses as previously mentioned. Group (4) act as a control. Neurologic signs in rats of GP.(1)
were lethargy, ataxia, in coordination and bilateral hind limb paralysis; however, the latter was
the unique detectable sign in rats of GP.(3).Moreover, brain glutathione (GSH) content was
considerably depleted in rats of both GP. (1 &3) but with much more severity in GP.(1). On the
other hand, Nigelia sativa extract alone GP.(2) significantly elevated GSH level in the brain.
peripheral neuropathy was a constant lesion in both GP.(1 & 3), it was represented by atrophy
and degeneration of the sciatic nerve. In contrast, central neuropathy was noticed only in rats of
GP.(1) and consisted of multifocal cerebral, cerebellar and spinal cord neuronal degeneration
and necrosis. The ultrastructural changes of the degenerated sciatic nerve were separation and
disintegration of the myelin sheath lamellae, mitochondrial degeneration and loss of
neurofilaments. The spinal cord showed separation and disintegration of the myelin sheath
lamellae in the white matter. In conclusion, we suggested that simultaneous administration of
Nigella sativa extract, at a therapeutic level, may preserve to some extent the brain GSH
concentration and subsequently may minimize the neurotoxic potential of acrylamide in rats.
-96-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Rats)
NO
TITLE
AUTHORS
: 127
: Two New Species and a New Locality Record of a Zoonotic Cestode
(Mathevotaenia) Among Intestinal Helminths of Rats in Assiut .
: Maha S.I. Shaheen; Fatma G. Sayed Amanyi Hamza; Salma M. AbdelRahman and Magda El-Nazer*.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University and *Faculty of
Medicine Sohag, south Valley University.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 41, No. 82, July 1999.
ABSTRACT
Rats are important reservoirs of zoonotic diseases. They constitute a source of morbidity to man.
Searching for helminthes of rats that have zoonotic importance in Assiut Governorate, the present
work revealed two cestodes: Hymenolepis diminuta, which showed some congenital anomalies, and
Mathevotaenia, which is a zoonotic cestode of the family Anoplocephalidae. Rats were also infected
by a nematode Syphacia spp. The present work is the first record for the presence of Mathevotaenia
Symmetric (Baylis, 1927), Akhumian, 1946 and Mathevotaenia skrjabini spassky, 1949 in Assiut
Governorate. It is also the first record for the presence of two new species of Mathevotaenia viz.
Mathevotaenia microephala sp. Nov. and Mathevotaenia Assiuti sp. Nov., the two new species are
described and their structural characters are discussed.
(Sheep)
NO
: 128
TITLE
: Some Studies on Sheep Pnuemonia of Bacterial and Fungal Origin .
AUTHORS
: A.H. Elyas .
ADDRESS
: Animal Health Research Institute, Assiut .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med., J, Vol. 29, No. 58, July 1993 .
ABSTRACT
A total of 31 bacterial isolates were recovered from the throat of 20 apparently healthy Lambs. The
isolates included Staphylococcus epidermidis (32%). Staphylococcus aureus (26%). Anthracoids
(23%). E. coli (16%) and Pasteurella multocida (3%). Isolates from 60 affected lungs included E.
Coli (01.3%). Staphylococcus aureus (15. 6%). Staph. epidermidis (12.5%). Corynebacterium
pyogenes (7.8%). Corynebacterium ovis (7.8%). Streptococcus pneumoniae (7.8%). Pseudomonas
aerquinosa (4.7%). Klebsiella pneumoniae (4.7%). Pasteuella multocida (3.1%)., Aspergillus flavus
(3.1%) and Asperillus terrus (1.6%) Twelve diseased lungs gave no bacterial or fungal isolates. The
causes of lung affections were discussed .
-97-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Sheep)
NO
: 129
TITLE
: Dermatophytes and other Fungi Isolated From Sheep in Assiut Province.
AUTHORS
: R.S. Seddek; H.A. Abdel-Kader and A.A. El-Shanawany*.
ADDRESS
: Animal Health Research Institute, Assiut Regional Laboratory and *Botany,
Faculty of Science, Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 30, No. 60, January 1994.
ABSTRACT
The clinical examination for sheep ringworm was done in three sheep farms in Assiut provine
(El-Awamer, Bani Sanad and Assiut University sheep farm). Out of 1990 animals 48 animals
were affected. Positive results of the microscopic examination of the hairs and scales were 23
(47.90%). Culturing of the specimens on Sabouraud s dextroses media revealed that Tricophyton
verrucosum (26 isolates) was the main causitive agent of sheep ringwaorm. T. mentagrophytes (5
isolated), T. soudanese (1 isolate), Chrysosporium Keratinophilum (4 isolates) and Candida
albicans (2 isolates) were recognized. Also, Saprophytic fungi, Aspergillus, Penicillum,
Scopulariopsis and Alternaria were isolated. The effect of sodium chloride on dermatophytes
was investigated. It was found that the addition of sodium chlorids 5% to Sabouraud dextrose
agar would inhibit the growth of T. verrucosum and T. mentagrophytes by 100% and 93.3%
respectively. Also the use of sodium chloride in the treatment of induced ringworm infection in
Guinea-Pigs gave good results after 10 days.
-98-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Sheep)
NO
: 130
TITLE
: Some Epidemiological Studies on Ovine Pseudotubrculosis .
AUTHORS
: A.M. Zaitoun and A.H. Bayoumi*
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Animal Med. and *Pathology & Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Vet.
Med., Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 31, No. 61, April, 1994.
ABSTRACT
During period of July-December, 1993, nine fIocks (n=1107- x=123) of native breed sheep in
Bani-Adi village, Assiut Governorate, were examined clinically for ovine pseudotuberculosis.
30.17%of the examined sheep showed the characteristic lesions of pseudotuberculosis
(enlargement of the superficial lymph nodes). The superficial cervical (61.53) and the subiliac
(50.89%) lymph nodes showed the highest percentage of infection. In contrast, the parotid and
lateral-retropharyngeal lymph nodes were less infected (5.24%). Occurrence of the lesions in the
other superficial lymph nodes were not observed. The skin above the enlarged lymph nodes of
diseased sheep was from wool. Clinical, pathological and histopathological examinations were
described. All collected lymph nodes sample yielded Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis.
Staphylococcus aureus coupled with Grams negative bacteria were isolated from three lymph
nodes in association with corynebacterium organism. There was no significant variation between
infected females and males sheep. A significant correlation seems to be exist between age of the
examined sheep and prevalence of the disease. The fourth-order polynomial [the coefficient of
determination (R) was high (98%)] showed that the morbidity percentage of ovine
pseudotuberculosis increased with increasing the age till 32.05 months, thereafter decreased by
further increasing in age of the animal. Shearing abrasions or wounds appeared to play a pivotal
role in spreading of the disease among sheep flock.
-99-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Sheep)
NO
TITLE
AUTHORS
ADDRESS
BULLETIN
: 131
: Caseous Lymphadenitis of Sheep at Assiut Governorate: Disease Prevalence,
Lesion Distribution, and Bacteriological .
: A.M. Sayed; A.M. Abdel-Fattah; A.M. Manaa and A.M. Sayed .
: Animals Health Research Institute Assiut Laboratory .
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 33. No 65, April, 1995.
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out on 1000 ewes (800 from El-Hawatka Farm and 200 from different
rural areas at Assiut Governorate) 2-6 years old. From clinical examination 60 ewes showed
palpable enlargement of one or more superficial lymph nodes, and anther 36 showed severe
emaciation. C. psudotuberculosis was isolated from 98.3% of abscesses of external superficial
lymph nodes. Internal abscesses were observed in 83% of necropsied sheep with severe
emacition, and C. psudotuberculosis was isolated from 93% of abscesses. Prescapular and
bronchial lymph nodes and lung were most commonly effected organs. Other pyogenic agents
such as Streptcocci, Staphylococci; E. coli and C. pyogens were also isolated, either in
association or not with C. psudotuberculosis .
NO
: 132
TITLE
: Some Bacteriological and Mycological Studies on Sheep Pneumonia at Assiut
Governorate .
AUTHORS
: A. M. Sayed .
ADDRESS
: Animal Health Research Institute, Assiut .
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 36, No. 71, October 1996 .
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out on 65 sheep suffering from severe Pneumonia. A total of 65 nasal
Swabs and 19 pieces pneumonic lungs were collected for culture on different media For the two
types of specimens., Pasteurella multocida (15.4% and 42.1%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(6.2% and 10.5%) were the most frequent isolated organisms respectively. Other organisms were
also recogonised Eseherichia Coli, Klebsiella Pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and
Aspergillus species either in pure or mixed culture. The bacterial isolates were highly Sensitive
to chloramphenicol and gentamycin.
-100-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Sheep)
NO
: 133
TITLE
: Serodiagnostic Study of Sheep Brucellosis in Assiut Governorate .
AUTHORS
: M.M. Ali .
ADDRESS
: Animal Health Research Institute. Assiut Lab.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 36 No. 72 January 1997 .
ABSTRACT
A serological study was performed on 21776 sheep sera belonging to six locations in Assiut
Governorate (Assiut, Manflaut, El-Ghanaiem, Sedfa, Abnob, Abo-teeg) to estimate the incidence
of brucella infection among sheep in Assiut Governorate through the period from January to
December 1995. All samples were serologically examined by Buffered acidified plate antigen
test (BAPAT) and Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and positive samples were confirmed by tube
agglutination test (TAT) and Rivanol tests.
The results indicated that the incidence of sheep brucellosis in the different locations were
2.21%, 1.3%, 0.63%, 1.99%, 0.82% and 0.77% respectively. The percentage of brucella
infection among sheep by the different serological tests were 1.6%, 1.6%, 1.33%, 1.4%
respectively.
-101-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Sheep)
NO
: 134
TITLE
: Sudden Deaths in a Sheep Flock Due to Mixed Infection with Coccidia and
Clostridium Perfringens Type D .
AUTHORS
ADDRESS
: A.M. Zaitoun; S.S El-Ballal* and Z.M. El-Sayed** .
: Dept. of Animal Med., *Pathology, Fac., of Vet. Med., Assiut University
**Section or Anaerobes. Animal Health Research Institute. Dokki-Cairo..
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 39 No. 78, July 1998 .
ABSTRACT
Twenty-nine (23.58%) cases of the investigated sheep flock (123 heads) were suddenly
succumbed. Ages of the succumbed animals were restricted between the 5-8 weeks to 6.5
months old. No fatalities were observed in the neonatal lambs or in the adults. Diseased sheep
showed neurological manifestations rather than signs of enteritis and respiratory distress.
Postmortem findings revealed that the intestines were congested and filled with brownish
gelationus fluid containing shreds of clotted blood. Histopathologically, malacic foci were cleary
observed throughout the brains of the succumbed cases. Clostridium Perfringens type D
organisms (pure cultures) were isolated from 71.43% of the tested samples. Epsilon toxin was
detected in all samples of the intestinal contents and in the cultures of the isolated strains (toxinproducing strains). Parasitological examinations revealed that the lambs and the younger sheep
were suffered from severe coccidiosis. Therapeutic trial was done with successful results to stop
the fatality rate. Field observations and statistical analysis revealed that the morbidity % of the
disease (enterotoxemia) was apparently elevated prior to inoculation the sheep with higher doses
of Fasciolid (nitroxynil), anthelmintic drug. It is suggested that the severe pathological
alterations induced by coccidiosis stimulated the quiescent Cl. Perfringens type D organism that
located normallty in the intestine of sheep to proliferate and produce its toxins. It is probable that
the overdose of anthelmintic drug act as a major and/or minor predisposing factor for
pathogenesis of that disease .
-102-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Soils)
NO
: 135
TITLE
: Aquatic fungi from Egyptian Soil (Upper Egypt).
AUTHORS
: El-Hissy F.T. and Abd-Elaah G. A.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Botany, Faculty of Science, Assiut University .
BULLETIN
: Sydowia Annales Mycologici, June 1990, 41(0) : 150-159.
ABSTRACT
Some aquatic fungi (Achlya Americana, Dictyuchus sterile, Saprolegnia parasitica, Saprolegnia
ferax, Pythium spp. and Allomyces arabuscula) were isolated from water, mud and soil samples.
Some others (Achlya megasperma, S. oblongata, Dictyuchus monosporus and Saprolegnia monoica)
were recovered from water and mud samples only. Only two species (Saprolegnia furcata and
Pythium intermedium) were isolated from both soil and mud samples. Achlya polyandra was
recorded from mud samples only. Twenty species were recovered from soil samples only.
(Turkey)
NO
: 136
TITLE
: Bacterial Agents Affecting the Hatchability Rate of Turkey Embryos.
AUTHORS
: A. Sadek; K.M. Hassanein, A.M. Abdel Fattah and A.M. Soliman*.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medicine and *Poultry Dls., Faculty of Vet.
Med., Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Assiut Vet. Med. J. Vol. 25, No. 50, July 1991.
ABSTRACT
Decrease of hatchability rate represents till now an economic problem in turkey breeding farms,
one of the most important factors is that of bacteriological origin.
Infected embryoes through bacteriologically contaminated egg-sheel was responsible for a high
incidence of unhatched eggs.
The present investigation was carried out to point the bocterial agents which would interfere
with hatchability, as well as the sources and reservoir of egg-shell contamination.
Non-hatched eggs samples of fluffs and swabs from litters of the hatcheries were collected and
examined bacteriologically. E.coli, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Mycoplasma, Salmonella,
Staphylococci and Streptococci were isolated and identified, among which E.coli represents the
main isolate. Cleaning and disinfection of eggs for hatching as well as the hatcheries are
recommended to decrease hatching losses.
-103-
Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Water)
NO
: 137
TITLE
: Studies on Aquatic Fungi in Delta Region (Egypt).
AUTHORS
: El-Hissy F.T.; Khallil A.M.A.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Botany, Faculty of Science, Assiut University .
BULLETIN
: Zentralblatt Fuer Mikrobiologie 144 (6): 421-432, 1989.
ABSTRACT
117 species and 2 varieties related to 2, 712 colonies in addition to 991 unidentified colonies of
the genera Achlya, Saprolegnia, Pythium and Phytophthora were recovered in this investigation.
The richest season (94species, 1, 018 colonies) was autumn and the poorest (58 species, 720
colonies) was summer. The richest samples were generally characterized by comparatively high
amounts of organic matter, high oxygen content, low contents , low contents of salts and low to
moderate temperature. The pH value did not show any regular seasonal variation and did not
exhibit any considerable influence on fungal population. The fungal species which possess
centric or subcentric oospores prevailed in low or moderate temperature season and those which
possess eccentric oospores prevailed in summer season. 12 species disappeared completely in
summer and 7 in winter. Some species appeared only in spring and autumn and others appeared
although the year. In estuarine sites of both Nile branches, no Saprolegniaceae appeared in
salinity exceeding 1.5% where as some species which belong to Perenosporales and
Chytridiales appeared but only in a limited occurrence.
-104-
Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Water)
NO
: 138
TITLE
: Studies on the mycoflora of Aswan High Dam Lake, Egypt : Monthly
Variations.
AUTHORS
: El-Hissy F.T.; Moharram A.M.; El-Zayat S.A.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Botany, Faculty of Science, Assiut University .
BULLETIN
: Journal of Basic Microbiology 30(2) : 81-94, 1990.
ABSTRACT
Fiftyone species and one variety appertaining to twenty one genera of mesophilic fungi were
recovered from the monthly samples of marginal water (44 species, 1 variety and 18 genera) and
submerged mud (78 species, 1 variety and 30 genera) of Aswan High Dam Lake During the
period from July 1985 to December 1986. The most common species were Aspergillus
fumigatus, A. flavus, A, terreus, A. niger and Penicillium funiculosum. The highest fungal
populations were almost detected either in October, in December 1985 or in February 1986. Of
the 12 thermophilic and thermotolerant fungal species, A. fumigatus and A. nidulans were the
most common. Paecilomyces variotii, Rhizomucor pusillus, Thermomyces lanuginosus,
Thermoascus thermophilus and Sporotrichum thermophilum were fairly common in one locality
or more. The physico-chemical characteristics of water and mud samples were also followed.
NO
: 139
TITLE
: Studies on the Mycoflora of Aswan High Dam Lake, Egypt; Vertical
Fluctuations.
AUTHORS
: Moharram A.M.; El-Hissy F.T. and El-Zayat S.A.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Botany, Faculty of Science, Assiut University .
BULLETIN
: Journal of Basic Microbiology 30 (2) : 197-208, 1990.
ABSTRACT
The fungal population of Aswan High Dam Lake showed marked vertical variations during the
period of study which extended from July 1985 to December 1986. High fungal counts were
observed at the surface water which were mainly due to the high counts of Aspergillus fumigatus
and A. lerreus. Going deeper the fungal population decreased till 30 meters, then gradually
increased to reach its maximum at the 70 meter depth (near the bottom of the lake). Such
increase was basically due to the high population of Penicillium funiculosum. At each sampling
time, the water temperature and the values of dissolved oxygen were always higher at the surface
than near the bottom of the lake. The temperature ranged from 15 degree to 26 degree C and the
dissolved oxygen from 1.31 to 8.98 mg.
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Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Water)
NO
: 140
TITLE
: Mycoflora of Mangroves of Red Sea in Egypt .
AUTHORS
: Khallil A.R.M.A.; El-Hissy F.T. and Bagy M.M.k.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Botany, Faculty of Science, Assiut University .
BULLETIN
: Folia Microbiologica 36(5) : 456-464,1991.
ABSTRACT
Nine species in addition to two unidentified species belonging to 8 genera of zoosporic fungi
were recovered from 12 mangrove water and mud samples on hemp on and sesame seeds, Pinus
pollen grains and onion skin as baits at 22 degree C. Saprolegnia ferax, S. furcata and
Phlyctochytrium sp. were recovered only from water samples; Allomyces arbuscula, Pythium
aphanidematum, P. thalasium and Thraustochytrium roseum were recovered only from mud
samples.
NO
: 141
TITLE
: Monthly Variations of Oomycetes (Zoosporic
Hyphomycetes at Sohag (Upper Egypt) .
AUTHORS
: Khallil A.M., El-Hissy F.T. and Abdel-Raheem A.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Botany, Faculty of Science, Assiut University .
BULLETIN
: Acta. Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 62(1-2) : 67-73,1993 .
Fungi)
and
Aquatic
ABSTRACT
Fifty-eight fungal species related to twenty-six genera of Perenosporales and Saprolegniales (32
species, 7 genera 671 colonies) and aquatic Hyphomycetes (26 species; 19 genera; 1038
colonies) were recovered from the surface water (zoosporic fungi) and submerged decaying
leaves (aquatic Hyphomycetes) samples collected monthly (10 samples each month) during the
period of experiment (18 months) . The richest samples in either zoosporic fungi or aquatic
Hyphomycetes were those of comparatively low or moderate temperature, high contents of
organic matter and dissolved oxygen. The pH volume and the total soluble salts did not show
any regular monthly variations and did not exhibit any considerable influence on fungal
population. Achlya racemosa, Dictyuchus sterile (Saprolegniales) and Alatospora acuminata,
Trisclophorus monosporus (aquatic Hyphomycetes) were the most prevalent species. Some
fungal species showed their highest population in winter months whereas others in summer
months. Moreover, some species were recovered throughout the year. One species of
Saprolegniales (Isoachlya toruloides) and three species of aquatic Hyphomycetes (Exophiala
jeanselmei, Flabellospora Sp. And Varicosporium delicatum) are new records to Egypt.
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Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Water)
NO
: 142
TITLE
: Aquatic Fungi from the Submerged Mud of Aswan High Dam Lake .
AUTHORS
: Farida T. El-Hissy, Soad A. El-Zayat, A. M. Khallil and M. S. Massoud.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Botany Faculty of Science, Assiut University.
BULLETIN
: Microbiol. Res. , 152, 27-32, 1997
ABSTRACT
Twenty five identified and four unidentified aquatic fungal species which belong to eleven genera of
aquatic fungi were recovered from on hundred samples of the submerged mud which were collected
randomly from the margins at different localities of Aswan High Dam Lake banks during the period
from May 1992 to October 1992. The richest submerged mud samples in aquatic fungi were
characterized by somewhat al-kaline pH ranging between 7.1 and 7.9 and by low amounts of total
soluble salts (1.9-2.9 mg/100g mud sample) and low organic matter (1.6-0.4 mg/100g).
Approximately 54% of the mud samples yielded only one aquatic fungal species per sample. Pythium
and Saprolegnia were the commonest aquatic fungal genera recovered during this investigation,
whereas Leptomitus and Nowakowskiella were less frequent.
NO
: 143
TITLE
: Aquatic Phycomycetes Recovered from Aswan High Dam Lake (AHDL).
AUTHORS
: El-Hissy. F.T, Moharram. A.M, El-Zayat and S.A. Massoud M.S.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Botany, Faculty of Science, Assiut University .
BULLETIN
: Microbiol. Res. 151 (2) : 149-156, 1997.
ABSTRACT
Twenty five identified and four unidentified species belonging to eleven genera of aquatic
phycomycetes were recovered from one hundred and thirty surface water samples which were
collected mainly from Aswan High Dam Lake (100 samples) in addition to few samples from Aswan
reservoir (10 sample) and the main stream of the River Nile at Aswan (20 samples) during the period
from January to June, 1992. The richest water samples in aquatic phycomycetes species were those
characterized by relatively low temperatures (15.9 degree c-20.3 degree c) and pH ranged between
7.4-8.3. The poorest samples were characterized by relatively high temperature (20.6 degree c-33.1
degree c). pH values fluctuating between 6.3 and 9.2, dissolved oxygen varying from 4.5 to 10.6
mg/L, total soluble salts ranging from 149 to 303 mg/L and organic matter content between 2.0 and
51.1 mg/L. Saprolegina and Pythium were the most frequent aquatic fungal recovered during this
investigation whereas Aphanomyces, Dictyuchus, Pythiopsis. Leptomitus, Allomyces and
Blastocladiopsis were less frequent .
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Biological Pollutants
Ass. Univ. Cent. Envir. Studies
(Women)
NO
: 144
TITLE
: Prevalence of Toxoplasma Seropositivity Among Female Students in Assiut,
Egypt , 1996.
AUTHORS
: K. A. Fadel,A. S. Hassan and H.S. Abd-El Megeed* .
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Community Med. and *Parasitology, Faculty of Med., Assiut Univ.
BULLETIN
: Bull. of High Institute of Public Health Vol. 26, No. 2 (1996)
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out in Assiut and included 319 female students aged
15-25 years. Data about sociodemographic characteristics and habits was collected. Blood
samples were taken from them and sera were separated and subjected to serological examination
for the presence of toxoplasma antibodies and specific immunoglobulin IgM. The results showed
that the overall prevalence of toxoplasmosis was 37.0%. The rate of infection was higher among
students aged ≤ 20 years [37.9%]. Among the 124 students from rural localities 50[40.3%] were
infected while among the 146 from urban localities 51[34.9%] were infected. As regards habits,
the rates of infection were 34.6% among students who consumed undercooked meat and 31.8%
among students who did not consume undercooked meat. The difference is statistically
significant [RR=1.37]. Also the infection rates were 35.5% among students where cats were
present at their homes and 29.5% among those who drank raw milk. Immunoglobulin specific
antibodies igm were found in 22.9% of positive cases .
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Biological Pollutants
Envir. Encyclopedia Ass. Univ., 2000
(Women)
NO
: 145
TITLE
: Toxoplasmosis in Women with Repeated Pregnancy Wastage.
AUTHORS
: H. S. Kamel and A. A. Hussein*.
ADDRESS
: Dept. of Obstertics & Gynecology and *Zoonoses, Faculty of Vet. Med.,
Assiut University Hospitals.
: 8th Sci. Con. 15-17 Nov. 1998, Fac. Vet. Med. Assiut Univ.
BULLETIN
ABSTRACT
Serum samples from a hundred women with a history of repeated fetal death in-utero attending
the outpatient clinic of the Obstetric and Gynecology Department of Assiut University Hospitals
were examined for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies (IgG & IgM) by the use of microtube ELISA
test. Seventy eight percent (78/100) of patients had positive test . The possibility that
reinfication or recrudescence is responsible for maintaining high antibody titre was present. The
mean age of seropositive cases was 20 years, but seropositivity was decreasing with advancing
ages. There was no significant correlation between seropositivity and the number of abortions,
but a significant correlation was present between seropositivity and the stage of abortion : In
midtrimester fetal death, 76.7% of cases were seropositive, while in the first and third trimesters
it was 8.2% and 15.1%, respectively. Our results denote that toxoplasmosis appear to be real
risk in cases with repeated pregnancy wastage and that serological tests should from a part of
routine investigations at least in cases with repeated second trimester fetal death .
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-110-