CHAPTER 17
Floor Plan Dimensions
and Notes
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Dimensions provide the measurements used for construction.
Dimensions are found on all types of architectural drawings and
are presented using lines, numerical values, and symbols, or
notes and specifications. Drawings must include all the dimensions needed for construction, so workers do not have to guess
about the size and location of features in the building. It can be a
challenge to decide what dimensions are needed, to determine
the best dimension placement, and to locate dimensions in a
manner that keeps the drawings uncluttered and easy to read.
This chapter provides you with the dimensioning systems and
techniques used to meet these objectives.
ALIGNED DIMENSIONS
The dimensioning system most commonly used in
architectural drafting is known as aligned dimensioning. With this system, dimensions are placed
in line with the dimension lines and read from the
bottom or right side of the sheet. Dimension numerals are typically centered on and placed above the
solid dimension lines. Figure 17-1 shows a floor
plan that has been dimensioned using the aligned
dimensioning system. A dimension line is a line
showing the length of the dimension, terminating at
the related extension lines. Extension lines are lines
showing the extent of the dimension and start with a
small space from the feature being dimensioned and
extend past the last dimension line.
FLOOR PLAN DIMENSIONS
You should place dimensions so the drawing does
not appear crowded. However, this is often difficult
because of the great number of dimensions that must
be placed on an architectural drawing. When placing
dimensions, space dimension lines a minimum of
3/8" (10 mm) from the object and from other dimension lines. If there is room, 1/2" (13 mm) is preferred.
Architectural drafters often use 1" (26 mm) or more if
space is available. Other drafters place the first dimension line 1" (26 mm) away from the plan and space
additional dimensions equally 1/2" (13 mm) or 3/4"
360
(20 mm) apart. The minimum recommended spacing of dimensions is shown in Figure 17-2. Confirm
the recommended dimension line spacing with your
office or instructional standards. Regardless of the
distance chosen, be consistent so dimension lines
are evenly spaced and uniform throughout the drawing. Figure 17-2 also shows the recommended 1/16"
(1.5 mm) space between the start of the extension
line and the floor plan or feature being dimensioned.
Notice the extension lines extending 1/8" (3 mm)
past the last dimension line.
Extension and dimension lines are drawn thin
and dark so they do not detract from the overall
appearance and balance of the drawing. Dimension
lines terminate at extension lines with dots, arrowheads, or slash marks that are each drawn in the
same direction (see Figure 17-3). The U.S. National
CAD Standard recommends slash marks or filled
arrowheads. The type of dimension line terminators
should be the same throughout the drawing; however, slash marks are common on dimension line
terminators and filled arrowheads are used on leaders for notes as described later in this chapter.
Dimension numerals are drawn 1/8" (3 mm) high
and are centered above the dimension line with a
1/16" (1.5 mm) space between the dimension line
and the value. For all lengths over 12", the dimension
units used are feet and inches. Inches and fractions
are used for units less than 12". Foot units are followed by the symbol ('), and inch units are shown
by the symbol ("). For example, 14'–6" means 14 feet
and 6 inches.
Metric dimensions are given in millimeters (mm),
as discussed later in this chapter; however, metric sizes
vary, depending on hard or soft conversion. Soft conversion is the preferred method, which is explained in
Chapter 16 and again later in this chapter.
PLACING EXTERIOR DIMENSIONS
The overall dimensions on frame construction are given
to the outside of the stud frame of the exterior walls.
The reason for locating dimensions on the outside of
Chapter 17: Floor Plan Dimensions and Notes
361
FIGURE 171 Aligned dimensions on a floor plan. Courtesy Alan Mascord Design Associates, Inc.
the stud frame is that the frame is established first, and
windows, doors, and partitions are usually put in place
before sheathing and other wall-covering material is
applied. Another construction option is for the exterior
dimensions to be to the outside face of the exterior
sheathing. This depends on the preferred construction method. Figure 17-4A shows an example of the
construction used where the exterior dimension is to
the outside face of studs. Compare this with the outside
face of the sheathing in Figure 17-4B. Your floor plan
dimensioning practice is the same either way. The contractor determines the actual construction method. Stud
frame is the vertical construction members of a woodor steel-frame wall, where the individual members,
362
Architectural Drafting and Design
16'-0"
10'-0"
6'-0"
SPACE
DEPENDS
UPON
AVAILABLE
ROOM 3/8"
TO 1"
EXTERIOR DIMENSION
APPROXIMATELY 1/8"
FACE OF
STUDS
DIMENSION
LINES
EQUAL SPACE
3/8" MINIMUM
5'-0"
5'-0"
INTERIOR
EXTENSION
LINES, TO
CENTER OF
FEATURE
STUDS
1/16"
EXTERIOR EXTENSION
LINE, ASSUMED TO
OUTSIDE FACE OF STUDS
OR SHEATHING,
SEE FIGURE 17-4.
SHEATHING
SIDING
FOUNDATION WALL
FIGURE 172 Recommended spacing of dimension lines, and
dimensioning terminology.
FACE OF
SHEATHING
A
called studs, are usually placed between bottom and top
plates that are spaced every 16" or 24" apart.
The first line of dimensions on the plan is the shortest
distance from the exterior wall to the center of the windows, doors, and to the interior partitions. The second
line of dimensions generally gives the distance from the
outside walls to the interior partitions. The third line
of dimensions is usually the overall distance between
two exterior walls (see Figure 17-5). This method of
applying all dimensions eliminates the need for workers
to add dimensions at the job site and reduces the possibility of error.
The three dimensioning methods commonly used by
architectural offices to dimension floor plans are center
line, face-of-stud, and face-of-finish-material.
EXTERIOR DIMENSION
STUDS
SHEATHING
SIDING
FOUNDATION WALL
B
FIGURE 174 (A) An example of the construction used
when exterior dimensions are to the outside face of studs.
(B) Construction used when exterior dimensions are to the
outside face of sheathing.
DIMENSION LINE
10'-0"
EXTENSION
LINE
5'-0"
5'-0"
1/8
45°
CENTER-LINE
EXTENSION
LINE
FREEHAND SLASH
ALL IN THE SAME
DIRECTION
10'-0"
5'-0"
1/8"
A THICK SLASH
IS COMMON ON
MANY MANUAL
AND CADD
DRAWINGS
SOME COMPANIES
USE A DOT TO
END DIMENSION
LINES
TO 3/16"
5'-0"
1/16
FREEHAND
ARROWHEAD
CADD ARROWHEADS MAY BE FILLED
OR UNFILLED
FIGURE 173 Methods for terminating dimension lines. The slash mark and filled arrowhead are options recommended by the U.S.
National CAD Standard.
Chapter 17: Floor Plan Dimensions and Notes
FACE OF STUD
363
FACE OF STUD
FACE OF STUD
9'-4 1/4"
3'-10 1/4"
DOOR
CENTER LINE
WINDOW
CENTER LINE
Using the Center-Line Dimensioning Method
The center-line dimensioning method places dimensions from the outside face of exterior stud walls to the
center of interior partitions, and to the center of doors
and windows. An overall dimension is placed as the
last dimension. This traditional dimensioning method
is shown in Figure 17-5.
Using the Face-of-Stud
Dimensioning Method
The traditional method of floor plan dimensioning has
been from the outside face of studs to the center of partition walls, windows, and doors. More recently, architectural offices have been dimensioning to face of stud for
locating interior partitions. This technique establishes
where the structure of the wall is laid out. Interior wall
surfaces and finishes are not typically dimensioned on
floor plans, but are shown in the details. Using CADD,
building component sizes are drawn accurately, for
example, a 2 × 4 stud actually measures 1 1/2" × 3 1/2".
Interior dimensions are to the face of the stud not the
center of the stud, because dimensioning to the center
splits the stud in half, giving fractional dimensions.
Partition center-line and fractional dimensions require
field calculations that are difficult to perform and are
not generally followed by builders.
Typically, when dimensioning to a face of the stud,
the selected side is personal preference or an office standard. Generally, you start on one side of the building at
the corner, and then pick an interior partition stud face.
Then all of the dimensions in the string are consistently
established to the same side throughout the plan. This
technique can vary depending on the features being
dimensioned. For example, dimensions can be between
inside stud faces where it is important to dimension the
10'-7 3/4"
5'-4 3/4"
DOOR
CENTER LINE
WINDOW
CENTER LINE
FACE OF STUD
INTERIOR PARTITION
CENTER LINE
FIGURE 175 Placing exterior dimensions from the outside
face of exterior studs to the center of interior partitions, and
the center of doors and windows.
FACE OF STUD
FIGURE 176 Placing exterior dimensions from the outside
face of exterior studs to the face of studs at interior partitions,
and the centers of doors and windows.
open width of an area such as the partitions between a
bathtub, shower, or hallway. Some companies dimension the width of the stud, such as 3 1/2", but this is
unnecessary information that can be covered in a general note that indicates stud sizes, or in sections and
details. The face-of-stud dimensioning method places
dimensions from the exterior face of studs, to the interior face of studs, and to the centers of doors and windows as shown in Figure 17-6.
Using the Face-of-Finish-Material
Dimensioning Method
The face-of-finish-material dimensioning method is
typically not used in new construction. This method
can be used in remodeling projects where interior
dimensions are commonly related to the existing face
of finish material. Dimensions to doors and windows
are still given to their center lines (see Figure 17-7).
FACE OF STUD
9'-3 3/4"
3'-9 3/4"
FACE OF STUD
10'-8 1/4"
5'-5 1/4"
DOOR
CENTER LINE
WINDOW
CENTER LINE
FACE-OF-FINISH
MATERIAL
FIGURE 177 Placing exterior dimensions from the outside
face of exterior studs to the face of finish material at interior
partitions, and the centers of doors and windows. This method
can be used when dimensioning remodeling projects where
measurements are established from existing finish material.
364
Architectural Drafting and Design
PLACING INTERIOR DIMENSIONS
Interior dimensions locate all interior partitions and
features in relation to the face of exterior wall studs.
Any of the dimensioning methods (center line, face-ofstud, or face-of-finish material) can be used for placing
interior dimensions. In an effort to simplify construction and minimize field calculations, the face-of-stud
method is most commonly used for new construction.
Figure 17-8 shows some common interior dimensions.
Notice how the dimensions relate to the face of exterior
wall studs. The interior partition dimensions are given
to the face of studs and can be consistently given to the
same side throughout the plan. Another option is to
dimension the face of studs between an opening, such
as the opening framed for a bathtub, or the width of
a water closet compartment as shown in Figure 17-8.
When dimensioning interior features, be sure to provide
workers with enough dimensions to build the house.
The contractor should not have to guess where a wall
or feature is located, nor should workers have to use a
scale to try to locate items on a plan.
Stub walls are walls that do not go all the way across
a room, and are dimensioned by giving their location
INDICATES TO
NEXT FEATURE
to a stud face and their length. Windows and doors are
dimensioned to their centers, unless the location is
assumed. Look at Figure 17-8 again for examples of
dimensioning interior features.
STANDARD FEATURE DIMENSIONS
Some interior features that are considered to be standard
sizes may not require dimensions, even though providing dimensions is generally a good idea to help reduce
construction errors. Figure 17-9 shows a situation in
which the drafter elected to omit the depth of the pantry
because it is directly next to a refrigerator, which has an
assumed depth of 30" (760 mm), and near a base cabinet that is typically 24" (600 mm) deep. The refrigerator
width should be given because there are many different
widths available. The base cabinet is not dimensioned,
because such cabinets are typically 24" (600 mm) deep.
When there is any doubt, it is better to apply a dimension. The refrigerator and other appliances can be drawn
with dashed lines or marked with the abbreviation NIC
(not in contract) if the unit is not supplied according
to the contract for the home’s construction. Follow the
practice of the office where you work.
Other situations in which dimensions can be assumed
are when a door is centered between two walls as at
the end of a hallway, and when a door enters a room
and the minimum distance from the wall to the door
is assumed. See the examples in Figure 17-10. Some
dimensions can be provided in the form of a note for
standard features, as seen in Figure 17-11. The walls
around a shower need not be dimensioned when a note,
36" (900 mm) square shower, defines the inside dimensions. The shower must be located and actual product
dimensions verified during construction.
One of the best ways to learn how experienced drafters lay out dimensions is to study and evaluate existing
plans. Metric dimensions can vary depending on hard
or soft conversion, as discussed in Chapter 16 and later
in this chapter.
BASE
CABINET
PANTRY
FIGURE 178 Placing interior dimensions. Dimensions are placed
from the face of exterior studs to the face of studs at interior partitions, and to the centers of doors and windows. Dimensions can
be placed to establish an opening between the face of interior
studs, such as for the width of a bathtub, water closet, or hallway.
REF
36 X 30
FIGURE 179 The dimension for the location of a feature such
as the depth of a pantry can be assumed when it is next to a
base cabinet with a known common depth.
Chapter 17: Floor Plan Dimensions and Notes
365
3" MINIMUM
GARAGE DOOR OPENING
DOOR CENTERED IN
HALLWAY, ASSUMED
MINIMUM DISTANCE
DOOR TO WALL, ASSUMED
FIGURE 1710 Assumed location of features without dimensions given, such as a door centered in a hallway, or a door
located a common minimum distance from a wall or partition.
FOUNDATION PLAN
A
FLOOR PLAN
B
36" 䡺 SHOWER
LEADER LINE CURVED FREEHAND OR
WITH IRREGULAR CURVE, OR STRAIGHT.
CENTER AT BEGINNING OR END OF NOTE.
TERMINATE WITH ARROWHEAD.
FIGURE 1711 Standard features can be dimensioned with a
specific note.
GARAGE DOOR OPENING
FLOOR PLAN
C
OMITTING DIMENSIONS ESTABLISHED
BY THE FOUNDATION
The foundation is the system placed on the ground
and used to support the building. Detailed foundation information is provided in Chapter 33 through
Chapter 35. Certain features shown on the floor plan
are established on the foundation plan. For example,
the garage door openings are formed as a cutout in
the foundation wall. The dimensions provided in the
foundation plan determine the location and size of
the garage door opening as shown in Figure 17-12A.
The garage door opening dimensions can be omitted
on the floor plan as shown in Figure 17-12B, because
garage door location and size dimensions are given
on the foundation plan. Some offices prefer to dimension the finish garage door openings as a reference as
shown in Figure 17-12C. Another common practice
is to dimension the center line of the garage door for
reference as shown in Figure 17-12D.
FLOOR PLAN
D
FIGURE 1712 (A) Dimensions are placed on the foundation
plan to locate features that are cut into the foundation wall, such
as a garage door. (B) The floor plan representation of the garage
door can be left undimensioned when the dimensions are given
on the foundation plan as in (A). (C) Finish opening dimensions,
to a feature such as a garage door, can be given on the floor
plan, even when the rough opening dimensions are provided on
the foundation plan. (D) Location dimensions, to a feature such
as a garage door, can be given on the floor plan, even when the
rough opening dimensions are provided on the foundation plan.
366
Architectural Drafting and Design
DIMENSIONING ARC AND CIRCULAR
FLOOR PLAN FEATURES
LEADER LINE
Arc and circular floor plan features that originate
from the foundation do not require floor plan
dimensions, although providing reference dimensions on the floor plan is a good idea. Other arc
and circular floor plan features are dimensioned
on the floor plan by giving location and radius or
diameter dimensions. A radius is the distance from
the center of an arc or circle to the circumference.
The diameter is the distance across an arc or circle
passing through the center. The circumference is
the distance around the perimeter of a circle. An arc
floor plan feature, such as an arc wall, can be dimensioned giving the overall dimensions to the face of
studs as shown in Figure 17-13A, or by locating the
center and giving the radius using a leader line as
shown in Figure 17-13B. The R preceding the radius
dimension in Figure 17-13B is the abbreviation for
radius. A leader line is a line that connects a note to
the feature being identified. A leader line starts at
the center of the beginning or end of the note and
points to the feature. The start of a straight leader
line has a small horizontal shoulder where the
leader begins at the note and has a filled arrowhead
or slash mark where it is connected to the feature.
Architectural leader lines can also be drawn using a
curved line (see Figure 17-13 and Figure 17-14).
The note is drawn using 1/8" (3 mm) high text. This
type of note is referred to as a specific note, because
it dimensions a specific feature on the drawing.
Specific notes are described in more detail later in
this chapter.
A group of circular features, such as columns, is
dimensioned on the floor plan using coordinate or
angular dimensions. Coordinate dimensions provide horizontal and vertical location dimensions
to the center of the circular features as shown in
Figure 17-14A. The size of the circular features are
dimensioned with a diameter symbol (Ø) preceding
the diameter value. The number of features is given
followed by the multiplication symbol (×) with a
space between the number of features and the diameter symbol as shown in Figure 17-14. Angular
dimensions are given by locating the center of the circular feature pattern and by providing the continuous
angles between features as shown in Figure 17-14B.
A combination of coordinate and angular dimensions can be used depending on the application and
office practice.
FIGURE 1713 Dimensioning arc features on the floor plan.
(A) Using coordinate dimensions to the face of studs to locate
and give the size of an arc feature on the floor plan. (B) Using a
center location and a radius dimension to the face of studs to
locate and give the size of an arc feature on the floor plan. A
leader line is used to place the radius dimension and radius is
abbreviated with the letter R.
Chapter 17: Floor Plan Dimensions and Notes
367
CURVED
LEADER LINE
STRAIGHT
LEADER LINE
A
B
FIGURE 1714 Dimensioning circular pattern features on the floor plan. (A) Using coordinate dimensions from the face of exterior
studs to the centers of features in a circular pattern. A leader is used to specify the number of features and the diameter of the features
in the circular pattern, and a diameter symbol (Ø) is used to specify the diameters of the features. (B) Using a center location dimension
to locate the center of a pattern of features and a diameter dimension with a leader line to specify the diameter of the pattern. A leader
is used to specify the number of features and the diameter of the features in the circular pattern.
COMMON SIZES OF ARCHITECTURAL
FEATURES
All walls, edges of brick, and brick fireplaces are thick
lines. All other lines are thin. The refrigerator, water
heater, washer and dryer, dishwasher, and trash compactor are dashed lines if the products are excluded
from the building contract; otherwise they are solid
lines. Under-counter appliances such as the dishwasher
and trash compactor are drawn using dashed lines,
because they are hidden below the base cabinet countertop. Confirm if products are part of the building
contract by referring to the description of materials or
the specifications. Closet poles are 12" (300 mm) from
the back wall and are generally drawn using center
lines. Closet shelves are solid lines and are generally 15"
to 17" (380 to 430 mm) from the back wall.
Dimensions for Room Components
Refer to Chapter 9 for exact code requirements. The
following floor plan wall and partition dimensions are
given as nominal values, followed by the exact values
of construction materials as discussed in Chapter 16.
For example, an exterior wall with 2 × 4 stud framing measures 3 1/2" (stud) + 1/2" (interior drywall)
+ 1/2" (sheathing) + (1/2" to 1" [exterior siding]).
See Figure 16-3. Floor plan space dimensions are given
as recommended minimums. More space can be provided for custom architectural applications where space
is available.
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Exterior heated walls: 6 1/2" (170 mm). Equation is
5 1/2" + 1/2" + 1/2" = 6 1/2".
Exterior unheated finished walls in a garage or
shop: 5" (130 mm). Equation is 3 1/2" + 1/2" +
1/2" + 1/2" = 5".
Exterior unheated walls interior unfinished in a
garage or shop: 4 1/2" (130 mm). Equation is 3 1/2" +
1/2" + 1/2" = 4 1/2".
Interior partitions: 4 1/2" (100 mm). Equation is 3
1/2" + 1/2" + 1/2" = 4 1/2".
Interior plumbing behind a toilet: 6 1/2" (170 mm).
Equation is 5 1/2" + 1/2" + 1/2" = 6 1/2".
Hallways: 36" (900 mm) minimum clearance.
Entry hallways: 42" to 60" (1060 to 1700 mm).
Bedroom closets: 24" (600 mm) minimum depth;
48" (1200 mm) width.
Linen closets: 14" to 24" (350 to 600 mm) deep, but
not over 30" (760 mm).
Base cabinets: 24" (600 mm) deep; 17" to 18"
(380 to 460 mm) wide bar. 24" (600 mm) deep
368
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island with 12" (300 mm) minimum at each side
of cooktop. 36" (900 mm) minimum from island
to cabinet for passage, with 48" (1200 mm) preferred on sides with an appliance.
Upper cabinets: 12" (300 mm) deep.
Washer/dryer space: 36" (900 mm) deep, and 5'–6"
(1680 mm) wide minimum.
Stairways: 36" (900 mm) minimum wide; 9" to 12"
(230 to 300 mm) minimum tread. Review Chapter 16
for detailed information.
The following are suggested dimensional values for
typical plumbing fixtures. Many size and shape options
are available. Confirm the desired exact size and design
options with manufacturer specifications, including
metric values when not given here.
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Fireplace: Review Chapter 16 for detailed information.
Dimensions for Plumbing Fixtures
●
Architectural Drafting and Design
Kitchen sink: Double, 32" × 21"; triple, 42" × 21".
Vegetable sink and/or bar sink: 16" × 16", or
16" × 21".
Laundry sink: 21" × 21".
Bathroom sink: 19" × 16" oval. Provide 9" from edge
to wall and about 12" minimum between two sinks
and 36" minimum width.
Toilet space: 30" minimum width and 21" minimum
clearance in front.
Tub: 32" × 60", or 32" × 72".
Shower: 36" square; 42" square; or combinations of
36", 42", 48", and 60" for prefabricated showers. Any
size and shape can be designed for a custom ceramic
tile shower.
Washer/dryer: Approximately 2'–4" square.
Metric values of above products vary, depending on
manufacturer, and are generally in even modules.
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Metric values of above products vary, depending on
the manufacturer, but are generally in even modules.
Minimum and Recommended
Door Dimensions
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Entry: 36" × 6'–8"; 42" × 8' for a palatial entry.
Sliders or French: Double 5', 6', 8'; triple 9', 10'; fourpanel 12'.
Garage, utility, kitchen, and bedrooms of custom
houses: 2'–8".
Bedrooms and bathrooms of typical houses: 2'–6".
Bathroom closets: 2'–4".
Garage doors: 8' × 7', 9' × 8', 16' × 7', 18' × 7'.
Minimum and Recommended
Window Dimensions
●
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Dimensions for Appliances
●
The following are suggested dimensional values for typical appliances. Many size and shape options are available. Confirm the desired exact size and design options
with manufacturer specifications.
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●
Forced-air unit: Gas, 18" square (minimum) with
6" space all around. A gas furnace cannot go under
stairs. Electric furnace: 24" × 30", with the same
space requirements as a gas furnace.
●
Water heater: gas, 18" to 22" diameter. A gas water
heater cannot go under stairs.
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Refrigerator: 36" wide space; approximately 27"
deep; 4" from wall; 4" from base cabinet. Many additional sizes and specifications are available.
Stove/cooktop: 30" × 21" deep. Many additional sizes
and specifications are available.
Built-in oven: 27" × 24" deep. Many additional sizes
and specifications are available.
Dishwasher: 24" × 24". Place the dishwasher near
the upper cabinet for easy storage of dishes.
Trash compactor: 15" to 18" wide × 24" deep. Place
the trash compactor near the kitchen sink, and away
from the stove.
Broom/pantry: 12" minimum × 24" deep, increasing
by 3" increments.
Desk: 30" × 24" minimum depth. Place the kitchen
desk out of the main work triangle.
Built-in vacuum: 24" to 30" diameter.
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Living room, family room: 8' to 10'.
Dining room, den: 6' to 8'.
Bedrooms: 4' to 6'.
Kitchens: 3' to 5'.
Bathrooms: 2' to 3'.
Sliding: 4', 5', 6', 8', 10', 12'.
Single-hung: 24", 30", 36", 42".
Casement: (Same as sliding.)
Fixed/awning: 24", 30", 36", 42", 48".
Fixed/sliding: 24", 30", 36", 42", 48".
Picture: 4', 5', 6', 8'.
Bay: 8' to 10' total; sides 18" to 24" wide.
Chapter 17: Floor Plan Dimensions and Notes
369
MASONRY VENEER ON THE FLOOR PLAN
The discussion thus far has provided examples of floor
plan dimensioning for wood-frame construction. Other
methods of residential construction include masonry
veneer, structural masonry, concrete block, and solid
concrete. Masonry veneer construction is the application
of thin (4") masonry, such as stone or brick, to the exterior of a wood-frame structure. This kind of construction provides a long-lasting, attractive exterior. Masonry
veneer can also be applied to interior frame partitions
where the appearance of stone or brick is desired. Brick
or stone can cover an entire wall that contains a fireplace, for example. Occasionally, either material can
be applied extending to the lower half of a wall, with
another material extending to the ceiling for a contrasting decorative effect. Masonry veneer construction is
dimensioned on the floor plan in the same way as wood
framing, except the veneer is dimensioned and labeled
with a note describing the product (see Figure 17-15).
This construction requires foundation support, which is
discussed in Chapter 33 through Chapter 35.
CONCRETE-BLOCK AND STRUCTURAL
MASONRY CONSTRUCTION ON THE
FLOOR PLAN
Concrete blocks are made from precast concrete, are
available in standard sizes, and can be solid or have
hollow cavities. Concrete block can be used to construct
exterior or interior walls of residential or commercial structures. Some concrete blocks have a textured
or sculptured surface to provide a pleasant exterior
appearance. Most concrete-block construction must be
covered, such as by masonry veneer, for a finished look.
Some structures use concrete block for the exterior
bearing walls and wood-frame construction for interior
partitions. Standard concrete blocks are 8" × 8" × 16"
(200 × 200 × 400 mm).
Dimensioning concrete-block construction is different from wood-frame construction in that each wall,
partition, and window and door openings are dimensioned to the edge of the feature or rough opening, as
shown in Figure 17-16. Rough opening is the opening
in a wall or framework of a building, into which a
feature such as a door or window frame is installed.
Verify rough openings with product specifications.
Although this method is most common, some drafters prefer to dimension the concrete-block structure
in the same way as wood-frame construction. To do
so, they must add specific information in notes or section views about wall thicknesses and openings. Some
practices use the abbreviation RO to identify rough
openings, or use MO to identify masonry openings.
22'-0"
10'-0"
8'-0"
12'-0"
2'-0"
5'-6"
6'-6"
4" BRICK
VENEER
DIMENSION WITH 1" AIR
SPACE
3 1/2"
9'-6 3/4"
1'-10 1/4"
7'-8 1/4"
5"
22'-0"
3 1/2"
11'-6 3/4"
5'-4 1/4"
3 1/2"
6'-2 1/2"
4" BRICK
VENEER
ALTERNATE DIMENSIONING PRACTICE OUTSIDE
FACE OF STUDS AND OUTSIDE FACE OF BRICK VENEER
A
22'-0"
10'-0"
7'-8"
12'-0"
2'-4" 5'-5 15/16"
6'-6 1/16"
4" THICK
STONE
VENEER
B
FIGURE 1715 Dimensioning (A) brick exterior veneer;
(B) interior stone veneer.
Structural masonry, also referred to as reinforced
masonry, is normally a blend of materials that are manufactured at high temperatures and generally have higher
compressive strength than concrete block or poured
concrete. Structural masonry is attractive in appearance
and does not normally need to be covered with woodframe or other masonry products. In combination with
certain insulation, the standard 8" (200 mm) reinforced
masonry wall can have R-values up to 20. Structural
masonry floor plan drawings are similar to those for
370
Architectural Drafting and Design
22'-0"
6'-6"
4" BRICK
VENEER
8"
3'-0"
MO
9'-3 1/2"
22'-0"
4'-0"
4'-0"
MO
3 1/2"
6'-6"
4'-6"
8"
8"
11'-1"
OPTIONAL
CONCRETE
BLOCK
SYMBOL
6'-6"
8"
3'-0"
MO
9'-5 1/4"
9'-5 1/4"
OPTIONAL
CONCRETE
SYMBOL
22'-0"
4'-0"
4'-0"
MO
4'-0"
4'-0"
4'-6"
11'-2 3/4"
8"
WOOD FURRING
AND FINISH
WOOD FRAME
FIGURE 1717 Dimensioning solid concrete construction.
4'-6"
11'-2 3/4"
3'-0"
8"
WOOD
FRAME
MO = MASONRY OPENING
Furring attached to masonry is pressure-treated or
foundation-grade wood or galvanized steel. Standard
interior finish materials such as drywall or paneling can
be added to the furring. Solid concrete construction is
typically dimensioned the same as concrete-block construction (see Figure 17-17).
More information about residential masonry and
concrete construction is found in Chapter 33 through
Chapter 35.
FIGURE 1716 Dimensioning concrete-block construction.
FLOOR PLAN NOTES AND
SPECIFICATIONS
concrete block, except the standard structural masonry
unit is 8" (200 mm) thick.
Notes on floor plans and other sheets are either specific
or general. Specific notes relate to specific features on
the drawing, such as the header size over a window
opening or the dimensioning of column diameters as
described earlier in this chapter. A specific note is normally connected to a feature with a leader line. Specific
notes are also called local notes because they identify
isolated items. Specific notes are generally drawn using
1/8" (3 mm) high text, unless otherwise specified in
the following examples. Common information that
can be specified in the form of local notes includes:
SOLID CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION
ON THE FLOOR PLAN
Solid concrete construction is used in residential and
commercial construction projects. In residential construction, solid concrete is mostly limited to foundations, basements, and subterranean homes. In solid
concrete construction, concrete is poured into forms
that mold the mixture to the shape and dimensions
desired. When the concrete cures (hardens), the forms
are removed and the structure is complete, except for
any surface preparation that may be needed.
Masonry veneer can be placed on either side of concrete walls for an attractive appearance. Wood framing
and typical interior finish materials can also be added to
the inside of concrete walls. The wood framing attached
to concrete walls is in the form of furring, which is usually nailed in place with concrete nails. Furring is wood
strips that are fastened to the studs or interior walls
and ceilings and on which wall materials are attached.
Furring is used on masonry walls to provide air space
and a nailing surface for attaching finish wall materials.
●
●
●
Window schedule. Place all windows in a schedule, often grouped by type and size. Window size
and type can also be placed directly on the floor
plan. Developing schedules and placing window
sizes directly on the floor plan is described in
Chapter 16.
Door schedule. Place all doors in a schedule, often
grouped by type and size. Door size and type can
also be placed directly on the floor plan. Developing
schedules and placing door sizes directly on the floor
plan are described in Chapter 16.
Room names. Place room names in the center of all
habitable rooms using 3/16" to 1/4" (5 to 6 mm) text
Chapter 17: Floor Plan Dimensions and Notes
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
with the interior finish dimension below the room
title using 1/8" (3 mm) text.
Appliances labels such as furnace, water heater, dishwasher, trash compactor, stove, and refrigerator. Items
that can be distinguished by shape, such as toilets
and sinks, do not need to be labeled with a note
unless special characteristics are identified.
Tub, shower, and spa labels. Give size, type, and material. Other specifications can also be given.
Fireplace or solid fuel–burning appliance labels. Specify
vent within 24" (610 mm), hearth, UL (Underwriters’
Laboratories, Inc.) approved materials, and wood
box. Confirm other requirements with local codes.
Stair labels. Give direction of travel, number of risers,
and rail height.
Closet labels. Label all closets with name and number
of shelves. Use names such as LINEN, BROOM, or
PANTRY WITH FIVE SHELVES, and label shelf and
pole as S & P if used.
Access. Give attic and crawl space access opening
sizes and specifications.
Firewalls. Designate a 1-hour firewall between garage
and residence with 5/8" (16 mm) type X gypsum
board from floor to ceiling.
Floor lines. On multilevel structures, provide a note
identifying the line of the upper floor, balcony above,
line of lower floor, or other projections of one level
beyond another. The outline of the projected feature
is generally drawn using dashed lines.
Additional notes. Verify codes and construction methods for additional local notes.
General notes apply to features on the entire drawing rather than to specific items. General notes are
commonly lettered in the field of the drawing. The
field is any open area that surrounds the main views.
A common location for general notes is the lower right
or left corner of the sheet. Notes should not be placed
closer than 1/2" (12 mm) from the drawing border.
The word NOTES: is generally drawn using 3/16" to
1/4" (5 to 6 mm) high text, and commonly starts a
list of notes. The notes follow in numbered sequence
using 1/8" (3 mm) high text. Some typical general
notes are shown in Figure 17-18. Use the following
guidelines when placing general notes:
●
●
●
Keep notes brief and concise.
Identify the materials, components, or assemblies, but
do not overdescribe.
Use generic terms for products, components, and
materials unless a specific manufacturer name, brand,
or model is required.
371
GENERAL NOTES:
1. ALL PENETRATIONS IN TOP OR BOTTOM
PLATES FOR PLUMBING OR ELECTRICAL RUNS
TO BE SEALED. SEE ELECTRICAL PLANS
FOR ADDITIONAL SPECIFICATIONS.
2. PROVIDE 1/2" WATERPROOF GYPSUM BOARD
AROUND ALL TUBS, SHOWERS, AND SPAS.
3. VENT DRYER AND ALL FANS TO OUTSIDE AIR
THROUGH VENT WITH DAMPER.
4. INSULATE WATER HEATER TO R-11. W.H. IN GARAGE
TO BE ON 18" HIGH PLATFORM.
5. INSTALL ALL MATERIALS PER MANUFACTURER
SPECIFICATIONS.
FIGURE 1718 An example of typical general notes.
●
●
●
●
Use correct abbreviations or use full words to describe
the application.
Avoid specific reference to construction sequence,
unless required.
Avoid repeating the same note on a sheet.
Remove broad references to specifications, such as
REFER TO SPECIFICATIONS.
When specific notes are too complex or take up
too much space, they can be lettered with the general
notes and keyed to the floor plan with a short identification such as the phrase SEE NOTE #1 or SEE NOTE
or
1, or with a number within a symbol such as
1 . This triangular symbol with a number is called a
delta note. The numbered delta symbol, or delta note,
is placed on the drawing in the desired location, and
the same delta note is placed with the general notes to
correlate related information.
Written specifications are separate notes that identify the quality, quantity, type of materials, and methods to be used in the project. Specifications for
construction are prepared in a format different from
drawing sheets. Specifications can be printed in a
format that categorizes each phase of the construction and indicates the precise methods and materials
to be used. Architects and designers can publish
specifications for a house so the client knows exactly
what the home contains, even including the color
and type of paint. This information also sets a standard that allows contractors to prepare construction
estimates on an equal basis.
Lending institutions require material specifications
to be submitted with plans when builders apply for
financing. Generally, each lender has a form to be used
that supplies a description of all construction materials
and methods along with a cost analysis of the structure.
Detailed information about specifications is found in
Chapter 8.
372
DESIGNING FLOOR PLANS USING
STANDARD CONSTRUCTION MODULES
Material conservation and construction labor simplification is important to consider when designing floor
plans. Standard inch construction modules are 12",
16", and 24". When possible, it is best to design the
overall building and major projections of the building
using these modules. For example, it is better to design
a building width at 36'–0" rather than 36'–8" if possible.
Using even construction modules saves construction
material, reduces waste, and can reduce construction
labor costs.
USING METRIC DIMENSIONS
The unit of metric measure commonly used is the millimeter (mm). Meters (m) are used for large site plans
and civil engineering drawings. Metric dimensioning is
based on the International System of Units (SI). Canada
is one country that uses metric dimensions.
When materials are purchased from the United States
for use in an area that uses metric dimensions, it is often
necessary to make a hard conversion to metric units.
Hard conversion means that the typical inch units are
converted directly to metric. For example, a 2 × 4 that
is milled to 1 1/2" × 3 1/2" converts directly to 38 ×
89 mm using the hard conversion method. To convert
from inches to millimeters, use the formula 25.4 ×
inches = millimeters.
The preferred method of metric dimensioning is
called soft conversion. Soft conversion means that
the lumber is milled or the product is manufactured
directly using metric units rather than being converted
to inches. For example, the 2 × 4 lumber is 40 × 90
mm using a soft conversion. This method is more
convenient to use for drawing plans and measuring in
construction. When plywood thickness is measured in
metric units, 5/8" thick equals 17 mm, and 3/4" thick
equals 20 mm. The length and width of plywood also
change, from 48" × 96" to 1200 × 2400 mm. Modules
for architectural design and construction in the United
States are typically 12", 16", or 24". In countries using
metric measurement, the dimensioning module is
100 mm. For example, construction members spaced
24" on center (O.C.) in the United States are spaced
600 mm O.C. in Canada. The spacing between studs
is 16" O.C. in the United States and 400 mm O.C. in
Canada. These metric modules allow 1200 × 2400 mm
plywood to fit exactly on center with the construction
members. Interior dimensions are also designed in
increments of 100 mm. For example, the kitchen base
cabinet measures 600 mm deep.
Architectural Drafting and Design
Expressing Metric Units on a Drawing
When placing metric dimensions on a drawing, all
dimensions specified with dimension lines are in millimeters and the millimeter symbol (mm) is omitted.
When more than one dimension is quoted, the millimeter symbol is placed only after the last dimension.
For example, the size of a plywood sheet reads 1200 ×
2400 mm, or the size and length of a wood stud reads
40 × 90 × 2400 mm. The millimeter symbol is omitted
in the notes associated with a drawing, except when
referring to a single dimension, such as the thickness
of material or the spacing of members. For example, a
note might read 90 × 1200 BEAM, while the reference
to material thickness of 12 mm gypsum or the spacing
of joists of 400 mm O.C. does place the millimeter
symbol after the size.
Rules for Writing Metric Symbols
and Names
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
Unit names are lowercase, even those derived from
proper names, for example, millimeter, meter, kilogram, Kelvin, Newton, and Pascal.
Use vertical text for unit symbols. Use lowercase text,
such as mm (millimeter), m (meter), and kg (kilogram), unless the unit name is derived from a proper
name as in K (Kelvin), N (Newton), or Pa (Pascal).
Leave a space between a numeral and symbol, such
as 55 kg, 24 m. Do not close the space like this: 55kg,
24m.
Do not leave a space between a unit symbol and its
prefix—for example, use kg, not k g.
Do not use the plural of unit symbols—for example,
use 55 kg, not 55 kgs.
Use the plural of spelled-out metric measurements,
such as 125 meters.
Do not mix unit names and symbols; use one or
the other. Symbols are preferred on drawings where
necessary.
Millimeters (mm) are assumed on architectural
drawings unless otherwise specified.
Using Metric Scales
Metric scales were introduced in Chapter 3 with
respect to the use of the metric scale as a drafting tool.
When drawings are produced in metric, floor plans,
elevations, and foundation plans are generally drawn
at a scale of 1:50 rather than the 1/4" = 1'–0" scale
Chapter 17: Floor Plan Dimensions and Notes
373
used in the imperial system. Large-scale drawings,
such as those showing construction details, are often
drawn at a scale of 1:5. Small-scale drawings, such as
plot plans, can be drawn at a scale of 1:100 to 1:500
depending on the size. Figure 17-19 shows the model
house upper floor plan completely drawn using metric
dimensioning. The preferred method of soft conversion is used in this example, and the metric scale is
1:50. This example uses the dimensioning practice
where dimensions are established from the face or
exterior studs to the center of interior partitions, and
to the centers of doors and windows.
Using Metric Construction Dimensions
The following table gives a comparison of metric and
inch construction modules. These are not a direct
conversion of metric and inches, but a relationship
between the metric and inch standard based on soft
conversion.
11400
2700
5100
1800
1500
1000
80 X 180 HDR
90 X 130 HDR
1900
90 X 250 HDR
1050 600
4
4
900
FIBERGLASS
SHOWER OVER
12 W.P.GYP.
2000
700 X 700
ATTIC ACCESS
9
11
S&P
S&P
4
9
S& DBL. P.
3000
S&P
5
1200 6
7
12
1700
1000
750 WIDE
KNEE SPACE
BED#3
1800 SPA
S&P
90 X 250 HDR
E
E
800
2400
2000
1000
800
2600
90 X 130 CONT
G
1400
2200
3600
11400
UPPER FLOOR PLAN
SCALE : 1 = 50
FIGURE 1719 Dimensioning a floor plan with metric values.
NOTE: ALL DIMENSIONS
ARE GIVEN IN MILLIMETERS
3900
750
5
9100
800
1070 RAIL
870 RAIL
DN 14R
1250
200
1800
3600
BED#2
4
1050
700 700
1400
950
1500 FIBERGLASS
TUB/SHOWER OVER
12 W.P. GYP. BRD.
2400
3100
6100
BED#1
1600
1700
LINEN
1800
3600
374
Architectural Drafting and Design
Object
Metric (mm)
Inches or Feet
Construction modules
100
600
4"
24" or 2'
Standard brick
90 × 57 × 190
4 × 2 × 8"
Mortar joints
Concrete block
10
200 × 200 × 400
3/8" and 1/2"
8 × 8 × 16"
Sheet metal
Drywall, plywood, and
rigid insulation
tenths of a millimeter
1200 × 2400
1200 × 3000
gage
4 × 8'
4 × 10'
Batt insulation
400
600
16"
24"
Door height
2050 or 2100
2100
750
800
850
6'–8"
7'–0"
2'–6"
2'–8"
2'–10"
Door width
Comments
Thicknesses are in inches, so fire,
acoustic, and thermal ratings will
not have to be recalculated.
Thicknesses are in inches,
so thermal values will
not have to be recalculated.
900 or 950
1000
mm
3'–0"
3'–4"
Cut glass
feet and inches; thickness
is already in mm
According to the Brick Institute of America (BIA), the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM E835/E835M, Standard
Guide for Modular Construction of Clay and Concrete Masonry Units) establishes dimensions for these products based on the
basic 100-mm building module. Many common brick sizes are within a couple of millimeters of metric modular sizes. Nearly
all common bricks can fit within a 100-mm vertical module by using a 10-mm joint. Owing to the size of concrete blocks,
however, they must be resized for metric applications to a module 200 × 200 × 400 mm.
CADD APPLICATIONS
Placing Architectural Dimensions with CADD
INTRODUCTION
Most architectural dimensions are terminated with tick
marks, which are popular in architectural drafting and
comply with the U.S. National CAD Standard. Many
architectural drafters prefer to use tick marks for all
dimensions, and an arrow for all leader line terminators.
Most offices prefer to place the dimension text above
the dimension line, which complies with the U.S.
National CAD Standard, but a few offices like to center
the dimension text on the dimension line. Figure 17-20
shows examples of different types of dimension line and
leader line terminators, and dimension text placement.
Architectural dimensions are commonly placed using the
continuous or point-to-point dimensioning method. Many
architectural CADD programs provide a tool to create a
continuous string of dimensions automatically. Most CADD
software programs include a linear and aligned dimension
line. Linear dimensions are horizontal or vertical dimensions.
Aligned dimensions are placed in alignment with an angled
feature. Once a dimension tool has been selected, you need
to specify the points that are being dimensioned, and then
select the dimension string location. Once these points have
been selected, the CADD program automatically draws the
extension lines, dimension line, and terminator marks, and
places the dimension text. Figure 17-21 shows an example
of selecting the points to be dimensioned, then placing the
dimension line location.
As long as the CADD geometry has been drawn
accurately with correct sizes, lengths, and locations, the
CADD dimension tool calculates the dimension values
accurately. An advantage of using CADD dimensions is
that they are always accurate.
Chapter 17: Floor Plan Dimensions and Notes
375
CADD APPLICATIONS
Architectural Tick
Oblique
Closed Arrow
Dot
Centered
Architectural Tick
30° Arrow
30° Arrow
Oblique
90° Arrow
90° Arrow
Closed Arrow
Dot
Above
Square
Custom Arrow
Centered
Square
Custom Arrow
Above
FIGURE 1720 Examples of different types of dimension line and leader line terminators, and
text placement.
3. PICK
LOCATION
1. PICK
POINT
2. PICK
POINT
FIGURE 1721 When dimensioning, select the points to be dimensioned then place the dimension line.
Standard dimension practice is the same for all CADD
drawings. Typically, on the exterior of a building, the
last dimension string is used to measure the overall
dimension of the building. The next string is typically
reserved for jogs in the building. The third string is
used to dimension to any interior intersecting walls,
and to the center of door and window openings. In
offices where the third string is reserved for interior
intersecting wall dimensions, a fourth dimension string
is used to dimension to the door and window openings.
For interior dimension strings, a single string is typically
placed through dimension points. Figure 17-22 shows
a partial floor plan with dimensions and notes.
Leader lines are typically drawn with specific notes.
The leader can have an arrowhead, dot, or slash,
depending on the company practice or application.
Leader lines are generally drawn in CADD by picking
the start point and the end point of the leader.
Typically, the next step is to add text. Once the note
has been entered, the leader with a note appears in
the drawing. Figure 17-23 shows an architectural detail
with leader lines and specific notes. ■
376
Architectural Drafting and Design
CADD APPLICATIONS
50'
12'
22'
10'-3"
9'-4"
2'-8"
4'-3"
11'-9"
6'
7'-9"
C
8
4'-2
4'
B
8
6/0 X 6/8 SSL GL DR
W/ 6/0 X 1/0 TRANS
6/0 X 5/0 SLL TEMP
4'
4/0X
4/0X3/0
0X3/
30
SHWR
HWR
W
4/0 X 6/0
0 SL
5/0X3/0
5
SPA
P
NOOK
9/6 X 10/0
24
2/
11'-9"
DIRECT
VENT F.P.
DESK
S
REFR
DW
28
2/
SI
RANGE
5'
4'
DINING
3'-8"
UP
16R
12'-8"
42'
26
2/
NK
13/8 X 17/6
5'-8"
6'-4"
4"
6'-5"
(2) 2/0 X 6/0 FXD W/
3/0 X 6/0 FXD
18'-2"
FAMILY
L
3'-8"
9'-4"
2'-1"
3'-6"
50
5/
2 "
2'-4
26
2/
28
2/
FIGURE 1722 A dimensioning example using four strings of dimensions on the exterior and a single string
on the interior. Courtesy Ron Palma, 3D-DZYN.
2 X 6 STUDS @ 16" O.C.
R21BATT
A INSULATION
A
1/2" GYP
P. BOARD
EXTERIOR SIDING
1/2" PLYWOOD
L
SHEA
ATHING W/ 15#
BUILDING P
PAPER
2X6 BOTTOM PLATE
1/2" PLYWOOD
L
UNDERLAYMENT
5/8" PLYWOOD
L
SUBFLOOR
2X FLOOR JOISTS @ 16" O.C.
2X6 P.T
T. MUDSILL
1/2" Ø X 10" ANCHOR BOLT
L @ 48" O.C.
BACKFILL
6" 1'-0"
MIN.
1'-6"
8"
MIN.
2X RIM JOIST
UNDISTURBED SOIL
VAPOR BARRIER
V
6"
#4 CONTINUOUS HORIZONTAL
T REBAR
1'-0"
FIGURE 1723 Example of a construction detail using leader lines and dimensions.
Courtesy Ron Palma, 3D-DZYN.
Chapter 17: Floor Plan Dimensions and Notes
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
377
See CD for more information
The following Web sites can be used as a resource to
help you research available products and floor plan
design options.
These Web site links are also provided on the Student
CD where you can select a link and go automatically to
the specified Web site.
Address
www.kitchenaid.com
www.whirlpool.com
www.homedepot.com
www.lowes.com
www.abracadata.com
www.autodesk.com
www.eaglepoint.com
www.graphisoft.com
www.jacuzzi.com
www.generalshale.com
www.builtinvacuum.com
Company, Product,
or Service
Appliances
Appliances
Appliances, cabinets, plumbing fixtures
Appliances, cabinets, plumbing fixtures
Architectural CADD software
Architectural CADD software
Architectural CADD software
Architectural CADD software
Bath fixtures
Brick
Built-in vacuum systems
www.aristokraft.com
www.homecrestcab.com
www.kraftmaid.com
www.beamvac.com
www.nutone.com
www.optiflame.com
www.heatnglo.com
www.ssina.com
www.nfrc.org
www.heatilator.com
www.schultestorage.com
www.caddepot.com
www.catalog.com
www.waterfurnace.com
www.andersenwindows.com
www.crestlineonline.com
www.pella.com
www.marvin.com
Floor Plan Dimensions and Notes Test
Cabinets
Cabinets
Cabinets
Central cleaning systems
Communication systems
Electric fireplaces
Gas fireplaces and products
Information center
National Fenestration Rating
Prefabricated fireplaces
Storage systems
Use in assembling symbol
libraries
Use in assembling symbol
libraries
Water furnace
Window and door fixtures
Window and door fixtures
Window and door fixtures
Windows and doors Council
See CD
for more
information
QUESTIONS
DIRECTIONS: Answer the following questions with short, complete statements or drawings as needed on an 8 1/2" × 11" sheet
of notebook paper, or complete the electronic chapter test on
the Student CD.
Question 17–4 Show an example of how dimension
numerals that are less than 1' are lettered.
1. Letter your name, Chapter 17 Test, and the date at the top of
the sheet.
2. Letter the question number and provide the answer.
You do not need to write the question. Answers can be
prepared on a word processor if approved by your course
guidelines.
Question 17–6 Why are the overall dimensions on
frame construction given to the outside of the stud
frame at exterior walls?
Question 17–1 Define aligned dimensioning.
Question 17–8 Describe and give an example of a
specific note.
Question 17–2 Why should dimension lines be spaced
evenly and avoid crowding?
Question 17–3 Should extension and dimension lines be
drawn thick or thin?
Question 17–5 Show an example of how dimension
numerals that are greater than 1' are lettered.
Question 17–7 Describe the dimensional information
provided in each line when three lines of dimensions
are used.
Question 17–9 What is another name for a specific note?
Question 17–10 Describe and give an example of a general
note.
378
Question 17–11 Give at least two examples of when it
might be acceptable for a dimension to be assumed.
Question 17–12 Define soft metric conversion.
Question 17–13 Define hard metric conversion.
Question 17–14 What metric conversion method is
preferred in Canada?
Question 17–15 Convert the following inch dimensions
to metric using soft conversion:
a. 36" base cabinet
b. 12" upper cabinet
c. 2 × 4 stud
d. 1/2" × 4' × 8' plywood
Question 17–16 Give the dimension that you would use
to draw a wall thickness using CADD if the wall is
constructed with the following material: 2 × 6 studs,
1/2" drywall, 1/2" exterior sheathing, 3/4" siding.
Question 17–17 Give the standard wall thickness for
concrete-block construction and structural masonry
construction.
Architectural Drafting and Design
Problem 17–1 Draw the following three examples of
dimensioning a wood-frame structure on a floor plan.
In each drawing, show at least one interior partition,
one exterior door, and one window.
a. Place dimensions from the face of exterior studs to
the center of interior partitions, and the centers of
doors and windows.
b. Place dimensions from the face of exterior studs to
the face of interior studs, and the centers of doors
and windows.
c. Place dimensions from the face of exterior studs to
the face of interior finish material, and the centers
of doors and windows.
Problem 17–2 Show an example of how masonry veneer
is dimensioned on a floor plan when used with woodframe construction.
Problem 17–3 Show an example of a floor plan
constructed with concrete block. Show at least one
wood-frame interior partition, one exterior door, and
one window.
Question 17–19 What are the typical units found on a
metric architectural drawing?
Problem 17–4 Show an example of a floor plan constructed with solid concrete exterior walls. Draw and
dimension at least one interior wood-frame partition,
one wall with interior wood furring, one exterior
door, and one window.
Question 17–20 On a metric drawing, what is the
metric symbol used to identify the units when the
dimensions are specified with dimension lines?
Problem 17–5 Draw and dimension two partial floor
plans showing a garage door similar to the examples
in Figure 17-12C and Figure 17-12D.
PROBLEMS
Problem 17–6 Draw and dimension two partial floor
plans showing arced features similar to the examples
in Figure 17-13A and Figure 17-13B.
Question 17–18 What formula is used to convert inches
to millimeters?
1. Draw the following problems using pencil on 8 1/2" × 11"
vellum or with CADD, unless otherwise specified by your
instructor.
2. Use architectural lettering.
3. Prepare lines and dimensions as specified in your course
guidelines, or select your own preferred technique as
discussed in this text.
Problem 17–7 Draw and dimension two partial floor
plans showing patterns of circular features similar to
the examples in Figure 17-14A and Figure 17-14B.
Problem 17–8 Redraw the portion of Figure 17-19 that
contains the main bathroom above the stairs and
bedroom number 2. Use metric values.