Technical Requirements for Renewable
Energy Systems Connected to the Low
Voltage (LV) Network via Inverters
Specification Number: HPC-9FJ-12-0001-2012
CONTENTS
1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 6 1.1 Context ..................................................................................................................... 6 1.2 Definitions ................................................................................................................ 7 1.3 In Scope ................................................................................................................. 11 2 Reference Documentation ....................................................................... 12 2.1 Reference Documentation...................................................................................... 12 2.2 Order of Precedence .............................................................................................. 13 2.3 Useful Links ............................................................................................................ 13 3 Relevant Sections For Each Class Of Renewable Energy System
Installation .............................................................................................................. 14 4 General Requirements.............................................................................. 14 4.1 Compliance with Requirements.............................................................................. 14 4.2 Offsetting of Imported Energy ................................................................................ 14 4.3 Supply Characteristics............................................................................................ 15 4.4 Labelling ................................................................................................................. 15 4.5 Documentation ....................................................................................................... 15 5 Technical Requirements For Each Class Of Renewable Energy System
Installation .............................................................................................................. 17 5.1 System Diagram ..................................................................................................... 18 5.2 Circuit Diagram....................................................................................................... 26 5.3 Metering ................................................................................................................. 27 5.4 Inverters ................................................................................................................. 28 5.5 Smoothing Requirements ....................................................................................... 30 5.6 Feed-in Management Requirements ...................................................................... 33 5.7 Zero-Export Requirements ..................................................................................... 39 5.8 Sole Use Transformer ............................................................................................ 40 5.9 Type testing ............................................................................................................ 40 5.10 Routine Testing ...................................................................................................... 40 5.11 Commissioning ....................................................................................................... 44 CS10# 2230141
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Tables
Table 1: Types of Generation Management ........................................................................... 7 Table 2: Definitions ................................................................................................................. 7 Table 3: Classes of Renewable Energy Installation .............................................................. 11 Table 4: Renewable Energy Types ....................................................................................... 11 Table 5: Connection Types ................................................................................................... 11 Table 6: Reference Documentation ...................................................................................... 12 Table 7: Order of Precedence (Highest to Lowest) ............................................................... 13 Table 8: Useful Links ............................................................................................................ 13 Table 9: Relevant Sections for Each Class of Renewable Energy System Installation ........ 14 Table 10: Key Supply Characteristics ................................................................................... 15 Table 11: Prerequisites for Using System Diagram A – not generation managed ................ 19 Table 12: Prerequisites for Using System Diagram B – generation managed via Smoothing
.............................................................................................................................................. 20 Table 13: Prerequisites for Using System Diagram C – generation managed via Zero-Export
.............................................................................................................................................. 22 Table 14: Prerequisites for Using System Diagram D – generation managed via Feed-in
Management ......................................................................................................................... 24 Table 15: Passive Anti-islanding Protection Settings ............................................................ 29 Table 16: Equipment Configuration Options ......................................................................... 34 Table 17: Types of Test Methods ......................................................................................... 40 Table 18: Test Points ............................................................................................................ 42 Table 19: Frequency and validation of testing requirements for each test method............... 43 Table 20: Action Required Once Test Result Obtained ........................................................ 43 Table 21: Example Ramp Down Test Parameters ................................................................ 45 Table 22: Example Ramp Down Test Data ........................................................................... 45 CS10# 2230141
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Figures
Figure 1: Total, Unmanaged, Managed Hosting Capacity & Generation Management (refer
to section 1.2 for details) ......................................................................................................... 6 Figure 2: System Diagram A - not generation managed ....................................................... 19 Figure 3: System Diagram B - generation managed via Smoothing ..................................... 21 Figure 4: System Diagram C - generation managed via Zero-Export ................................... 23 Figure 5: System Diagram D - generation managed via Feed-in Management .................... 25 Figure 6 Circuit Diagram T .................................................................................................... 26 Figure 7: Ramp Down Rate with and without Renewable Energy Smoothing ...................... 30 Figure 8: Ramp Down Characteristic Curve ......................................................................... 31 Figure 9: Method of Control Set Point & On/Off - Integral with Inverter ................................ 34 Figure 10: Method of Control Set Point & On/Off - Discrete ................................................. 35 Figure 11: Method of Control On/Off - Integral with Smart Meter ......................................... 35 Figure 12: Method of Control On/Off - Discrete .................................................................... 36 Figure 13: Example of Ramp Down Test Measurements Where Result is TEST FAIL ........ 41 Figure 14: Example Ramp Down Test Results ..................................................................... 46 CS10# 2230141
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1
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this Document is to specify the minimum technical requirements
for customers connecting a Renewable Energy System to Horizon Power’s Low
Voltage Network via inverters, regardless of whether such systems export
electricity into the Electricity System or not. The Document aims to be technology
agnostic and therefore allow the Customer and market to come up with the
appropriate technology to suit the application.
1.1
Context
Horizon Power presently only allows connection of a fixed total amount of
customer generated Renewable Source Electricity capacity to its Electricity
System. This limit is known as hosting capacity and varies from town to town as it
is set at a level that allows Horizon Power to technically and commercially deliver
safe and reliable electricity.
The hosting capacity can be constrained by technical and commercial
considerations.
Raising this limit to a higher level can be achieved through the use of Generation
Management methods.
Managed Hosting Capacity (MHC)
Renewable Energy Systems with Generation Management
Total Hosting Capacity (THC)
Unmanaged Hosting Capacity (UHC)
Renewable Energy Systems without Generation Management
No Renewable
Figure 1: Total, Unmanaged, Managed Hosting Capacity (refer to section 1.2 for details)
Generation Management is a method by which the variable output of Renewable
Source Electricity is either:
(a)
directly or by remote means controlled, curtailed, suspended,
interrupted or in any way reduced; and/or
(b)
managed, either by means of electricity storage or by other electricity
generation.
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The three types of Generation Management applicable to this Document are
described in Table 1.
Table 1: Types of Generation Management
1.2
Type of Generation
Management
Description
Smoothing
Participating customers to install Energy Storage
Devices that release energy back to the Electricity
System to prevent system instability.
Feed-in Management
Participating customers to allow Horizon Power to
curtail the customer’s generation output to prevent
system instability.
Zero-Export
Participating customers to install Energy Control
Devices that prevent export of energy onto the
Horizon Power Electricity System.
Definitions
In addition to those listed in AS/NZS 3000 and AS 4777, the following definitions
apply:
Table 2: Definitions
Term
Definition
ac
Alternating Current
Battery
A device used to store energy in the form of chemical
energy.
Current Transformer
A current transformer (CT) is used for measurement
of alternating electric currents. Customer Final Loads
All electrical loads on the Customer’s premises not
part of the Renewable Energy Installation
dc
Direct Current
DNP3
Communication protocol. Distribution Network
Protocol version 3
Document
This document and any annexed schedules, together
with any document referred to, or incorporated into,
this document.
Electrical Installation
As defined in section 1.4.47 of AS 3000:2007
Energy Storage Device
A generic device that stores energy in the form of
electrical, mechanical or chemical energy.
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Term
Definition
Energy Analyser
An instrument for measuring various parameters
of an electrical power distribution system, such
as energy consumption and generation etc.
Electricity System
The electricity network owned and operated by
Horizon Power and connected to the Premises.
Feed In Management (FiM)
A type of Generation Management.
Participating customers to allow Horizon Power
to curtail the customer’s generation output to
prevent system instability.
Generation Management (GM)
Includes the utilisation of technologies such as
energy storage or feed in management to control
the output profile of the renewable energy
installation.
Horizon Power Host Facility
The Horizon Power or third party premises
where equipment associated with Feed-in
management may be situated.
Hz
Hertz
Inverter
The device forming part of a System which:
a) limits the Renewable Source Electricity
exported to the Electricity System;
b) complies with the Technical Requirements;
c) may convert direct current generated
electrical energy into alternating current
electrical energy; and
d) relates to the AS 4777 definition.
kW
Kilo Watts (10^3 Watts)
Low Voltage Network
Portion of the Electricity System that is nominally
at low voltage.
LV
Low Voltage
Managed Hosting Capacity (MHC)
The hosting capacity that can be made available
for systems equipped with Generation
Management.
Metering Equipment
As applicable, the import, export, bi-directional,
parallel and revenue meters installed at the
Premises to measure the import of electricity to
the Customer under the Electricity Supply
Agreement and the Renewable Electricity
Exported by the Customer.
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Term
Definition
Mini Hydro
A renewable generation source less than 1MW that
creates electrical energy as a result of harnessing
moving water.
MEN
Multiple Earthed Neutral
MW
Mega Watts (10^6 Watts)
NPER
National Professional Engineer Register
PLC
Programmable Logic Controller
Premises
The premises nominated in the Application
Documents, owned or occupied by the Customer,
which must be the same Customer supplied at that
premises in accordance with an Electricity Supply
Agreement.
Prosumer
A Horizon Power customer that installs a renewable
energy system to offset their energy consumption.
PV Energy
A renewable generation source that creates electrical
energy as a result of harnessing energy from the sun
collected on photovoltaic cells.
Renewable Energy Producer
An entity whose primary purpose is to generate and
sell renewable source electricity to Horizon Power.
Renewable Energy System
a)
b)
c)
d)
Renewable Energy System
Installation
Part of a Customer’s Electrical Installation containing
the devices listed in Section 5.1. Abbreviated to and
interchangeable with Renewable Energy Installation
(REI).
Renewable Energy Installation
Control System
One or more devices that perform control and
monitoring of the Renewable Energy System
Installation.
Renewable Energy System
Installation Size
The nominal output rating in kW of the grid
connected inverter.
Renewable Source Electricity
Electricity generated by a Renewable Energy
System.
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a system of photovoltaic arrays;
a system of wind turbines;
a hydro power system; or
another system for the generation of electricity
from a renewable energy source, that has a
generating capacity exceeding 1.5 kW but not
exceeding 1 MW unless otherwise agreed in
writing by Horizon Power.
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Term
Definition
REBS
Renewable Energy Buyback Scheme
s
Seconds
SCADA
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
Solar Thermal Energy
A renewable generation source that creates electrical
energy as a result of harnessing sun energy
focussed on thermal collectors.
Spinning Reserve
The amount of unused generating capacity
synchronised to the network and available for
immediate use.
System Instability
A disturbance to the Electricity System that affects
the reliability and quality of electricity supply to
customers.
System Diagram
A conceptual diagram that illustrates the relationships
between separate subsystems using lines.
t
time
TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
Technical Requirements
This refers to the provisions set out in this Document.
Total Hosting Capacity (THC)
The limited capacity of the Electricity System to
accept or manage the output of Renewable Source
Electricity from a Customer’s System whether
because of a technical limitation, insufficient reserve
generating capacity or otherwise or commercial
limitation.
The sum of the Unmanaged Hosting Capacity (UHC)
and Managed Hosting Capacity (MHC).
Unmanaged Hosting Capacity
(UHC)
The limit for hosting or renewable energy without
Generation Management.
V
Volts
Western Power
Electricity Networks Corporation trading as Western
Power.
Wind Energy
A renewable generation source that creates electrical
energy as a result of harnessing moving air.
Zero Export Response Time
Is the time spanning from the renewable energy
export event detection to its effective reduction to a
net zero export situation.
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1.3
In Scope
1.3.1
Installation Size of the Renewable Energy System
This Document is applicable to the following Renewable Energy System
Installation1 sizes and general customer type, as defined by this Document:
Table 3: Classes of Renewable Energy Installation
1.3.2
Class
Renewable Energy System Installation Size
Customer Type
Class 1
0 kW < REI Size ≤ 5 kW
Prosumers only
Class 2
5 kW < REI Size ≤ 50 kW
Prosumers only
Class 3
50 kW < REI Size ≤ 1 MW
Prosumers only
Renewable Energy Types
This Document is applicable to the following renewable energy types:
Table 4: Renewable Energy Types
Type
Renewable Energy System Installation Size
Solar (PV, solar thermal)
Wind
Class 1, 2 & 3
Mini Hydro
The Customer’s Renewable Energy System Installation shall only generate one
type of renewable energy. Other types of Renewable Energy System Installations
may be used by prior written agreement with Horizon Power only.
1.3.3
Connection Types
This Document is applicable to the following connection types:
Table 5: Connection Types
Connection
Single Phase (Two Wire, 240 V a.c.)
Three Phase (Four Wire - LV Connection Point, 415 V a.c.)
The maximum single phase connection allowed is 10 kW.
1
Abbreviated and used interchangeably in this Document to “Renewable Energy Installation” (REI)
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The size of the Renewable Energy System Installation may necessitate the
upgrading of a Customer’s connection. For key criteria of single and three phase
connections, refer to the WA Distribution Connections Manual.
1.3.4
Balanced Generation
The nominal inverter output rating of multi-phase Renewable Energy System
Installations shall not differ by more than 2.5 kVA between phases.
1.3.5
Eligibility
This document is applicable to all customers who wish to connect a Renewable
Energy System Installation for Renewable Source Electricity to a Horizon Power
Electricity System.
2
REFERENCE DOCUMENTATION
2.1
Reference Documentation
Unless otherwise stated within this Document, the Customer shall comply with the
latest versions of the following:
Table 6: Reference Documentation
Australian Standards
AS/NZS 3000
Electrical Installations (Wiring Rules)
AS/NZS 3100
Approval and Test Specification – General Requirements for
Electrical Equipment
AS 4777 (all parts)
Grid Connection of Energy Systems via Inverters
AS 5033
Installation of Photovoltaic Arrays2
Legislation
Electricity Industry Code
Electricity Industry Metering Code
Electricity Act 1945
WA Distribution Connections Manual
Horizon Power and Other Documents
WA Electrical Requirements
2
Only if Renewable Energy Installation contains photovoltaic arrays.
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2.2
Order of Precedence
In the event of a conflict arising between the reference documents listed in Table
6, the following order of precedence shall apply:
Table 7: Order of Precedence (Highest to Lowest)
Order
Reference Document
1
Legislation
2
Technical Requirements
3
Australian Standards
The Customer shall notify Horizon Power of any such conflict prior to undertaking
work in relation to this Document.
2.3
Useful Links
Table 8: Useful Links
3
Name
Link
Clean Energy Council
http://www.cleanenergycouncil.org.au
Horizon Power
http://www.horizonpower.com.au
Western Power Approved
Inverters
http://www.westernpower.com.au/3
Clean
Energy
Council
Approved Inverters
http://www.solaraccreditation.com.au3
Accessed May 2014 (List subject to change)
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3
RELEVANT SECTIONS FOR EACH CLASS OF RENEWABLE
ENERGY SYSTEM INSTALLATION
As described in section 1.3.1, the Customer’s Renewable Energy System
Installation is defined as being one of three classes. Depending on the class,
different sections of this Document apply, as summarised in the table below.
Table 9: Relevant Sections for Each Class of Renewable Energy System Installation
Class
Relevant Sections of This Document
Class 1
All sections
Class 2
All sections except 5.1.1
Class 3
All sections except 5.1.1
Note: if a system is Zero Export constrained4, please also refer to section 5.7.
4
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
4.1
Compliance with Requirements
The Customer shall comply with all the requirements of this Document.
Horizon Power may, in its absolute discretion and without limiting any of its other
rights, reject an application or disconnect the Customer from the network if the
Customer’s Electrical Installation does not comply, or, no longer complies with all
the requirements of this Document.
4.2
Offsetting of Imported Energy
The Buyback product is provided on a ‘net export’ basis. This means the Customer
uses the Renewable Source Electricity to first offset the consumption of imported
electricity from Horizon Power’s Electricity System. Two scenarios to consider:
4.2.1
Net-Export
The excess of energy is able to be sold to Horizon Power.
4.2.2
Zero net-export
The excess of energy is not able to be sold to Horizon Power if Zero-Export
product applies4 (see section 5.7)
4
To determine whether you will be Zero-Export constrained, refer to the Horizon Power website (Saving
Energy>Renewable energy>Quick Links) or contact Horizon Power directly.
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4.3
Supply Characteristics
The Customer’s Electrical Installation shall be compatible with the characteristics
of Horizon Power’s supply as defined in Section 10 of WA Distribution
Connections Manual. Table 10 below lists some key supply characteristics.
Table 10: Key Supply Characteristics
4.4
Parameter
Value
Single Phase Voltage
240 V a.c. +/- 6%
Three Phase Voltage
415 V a.c. +/- 6%
Frequency
50 Hz +/- 2.5%
Labelling
Warning Labels shall be of the type and location specified in section 5.5 of
AS 4777.1. Other labelling shall be as per AS/NZS 3000.
4.5
Documentation
4.5.1
Summary
The following documentation shall be supplied by the Customer as part of its
application:






Application Form
Compliance Checklist (SCHEDULE 1)
System Diagram (SCHEDULE 2
Circuit Diagrams (SCHEDULE 3)
Cable Data (SCHEDULE 4)
NPER Signoff (SCHEDULE 5)
Horizon Power may request additional information needed to perform a network
impact assessment or to demonstrate that the Customer meets the requirements
stated in this Document. This is particularly likely for larger installations that will
require a more detailed assessment.
Examples of the schedules to be submitted are included at the end of this
Document.
4.5.2
Schedules to be submitted
Schedule 1: Compliance Checklist
A checklist comprising the key elements that needs to be satisfied in order to
comply with this Document.
Schedule 2: System Diagram
A conceptual diagram, illustrating the functional relationships between key
subsystems using solid lines. The Customer’s System Diagram shall be in
accordance with section 5.2 of this Document.
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Schedule 3: Circuit Diagram
One or more diagrams detailing the electrical connections from the point of
connection through to the renewable energy source. The Customer’s Circuit
Diagram shall be in accordance with section 5.2 and the other requirements of this
Document. The circuit diagram submitted to Horizon Power shall include:




Electrical connections for all phases.
Neutral and earth connections.
Switchboard electrical connections (depiction of customer final loads not
required).
Electrical interconnection of all electrical elements of the Renewable Energy
System Installation including inverters, energy storage devices, chargers,
renewable energy sources, dc and ac protection devices etc.
Schedule 4: Cable Data
Data associated with power cables connecting the Customer’s grid connected
inverter to Horizon Power’s electricity distribution system. This includes the
consumer mains cable. Cable data to be provided includes:





Location of cable in installation
Number of cores
Cross sectional area and insulation type
Cable Length
Method of installation (e.g. underground in conduit)
The cables shall be depicted via one or more concept diagrams. Refer to example
at the end of this Document.
Schedule 5: NPER Signoff
For Class 1 & 2 installations that require Generation Management (see Table 1), a
NPER accredited engineer shall validate that the design is in accordance with this
Document. An installer may reuse a NPER declaration for multiple installations
providing the installations do not differ with the NPER validated reference design
in the following elements:







Make and model of inverters
System Diagram
Circuit Diagram (changes to protection and cable sizes permitted)
Electrical arrangement of Renewable Energy System Installation
Changes to firmware that affect compliance with this Document
Changes to equipment that affect compliance with this Document
Changes to the type of technology or methodology used to achieve
compliance with this Document
If a NPER declaration is reused, a cover letter shall be supplied stating:


The project and date of the reference design
That the new project does not differ from with the NPER validated design in
the elements described above
For every Class 3 installation, a NPER accredited engineer shall validate that the
design is in accordance with this Document and provide supporting
documentation. NPER accreditation for Class 3 Installations cannot be reused.
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5
TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR EACH CLASS
RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEM INSTALLATION
OF
This section outlines the Technical Requirements and System Diagram to be used
for different types of renewable energy systems.
The following criteria shall be employed to determine which System Diagram
applies to each type of renewable energy system:
Note (1) Customers on A2, C2, D2 tariffs or an educational institution are REBS eligible.
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5.1
System Diagram
A system diagram is a conceptual diagram that illustrates the functional
relationships between key subsystems using solid lines. The lines do not represent
wiring, rather energy flows between subsystems5. Details such as intermediary
protection devices, chargers, internal device connections, switches and links are
not displayed on the provided system diagrams.
The Customer’s Electrical Installation shall be in accordance with one of the
following system diagrams:




System Diagram A
System Diagram B
System Diagram C
System Diagram D
Common elements to all four system diagrams include, but are not limited to:




A single point of connection between the Customer’s Electrical Installation
and Horizon Power’s Low Voltage Network
Splitting of the Customer’s Electrical Installation into the following elements:
- Renewable Energy System Installation
- Customer Final Loads
- One or more switchboards
- Meters
The Renewable Energy System Installation may include, but is not limited
to the following devices:
- Renewable Energy Sources (e.g. photovoltaic cells, wind turbine)
- Grid Connected Inverter
- Other Inverters (if required)
- Chargers
- Grid Protection Devices
- Energy Storage Devices (e.g. battery bank)
- Feed in Management Devices
- Associated control, monitoring, protection and auxiliary equipment
Final Customer Loads (if present)
- Final Customer Loads requiring energy (e.g. washing machine,
television, motors, pumps etc.)
- Associated control, monitoring, protection and auxiliary equipment
5
Refer to section 5.2 for an acceptable circuit diagram detailing the specific wiring that must be
performed.
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5.1.1
System Diagram A: Not Generation Managed
The Customer’s Electrical Installation shall be in accordance with
System Diagram A (Figure 2), providing all the prerequisites described in Table 11
are met.
Table 11: Prerequisites for Using System Diagram A – Not Generation Managed
Class
Tariff
Requirement
Class 1
Customer is on A2, C2, D2 tariff or
is an educational institution (i.e.
eligible for REBS)
Town has
capacity6
unmanaged
hosting
Eligible to use System Diagram A
Class 2
Not eligible to use System Diagram A
Class 3
Not eligible to use System Diagram A
CUSTOMER ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
CUSTOMER RENEWABLE
ENERGY INSTALLATION
Renewable Energy Source Grid Connected Inverter
Switchboard(s)
Meter
HP
NETWORK
CUSTOMER FINAL LOADS
Final
Loads
Figure 2: System Diagram A - Not Generation Managed
Key elements of System Diagram A are:



No Generation Management measures are required
No Energy Storage Devices are permitted as part of the Customer’s
Renewable Energy Installation.
Use of one meter.
6
To determine whether your town has Unmanaged Hosting Capacity, refer to the Horizon Power
website (Saving Energy>Renewable energy>Quick Links) or contact Horizon Power directly.
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5.1.2
System Diagram B: Generation Managed via Smoothing
The Customer’s Electrical Installation shall be in accordance with System Diagram
B (see Figure 3), providing the prerequisites described in Table 12 are met.
Table 12: Prerequisites for Using System Diagram B – Generation Managed via Smoothing
Class
Tariff
Requirement
Class 1
Customer is on A2, C2, D2 tariff or
is an educational institution (i.e.
eligible for REBS)
Town has
Capacity 7 .
Managed
Hosting
Eligible to use System Diagram B
All other customer tariffs – except
M2 (i.e. not eligible for REBS)
Subject to offer availability8
Eligible to use System Diagram B
Class 2
Any customer tariff – except M2
Subject to offer availability8
Eligible to use System Diagram B
Class 3
Any customer tariff – except M2
Subject to offer availability8
Eligible to use System Diagram B
7
To determine whether your town has Managed Hosting Capacity, refer to the Horizon Power website
(Saving Energy>Renewable energy>Quick Links) or contact Horizon Power directly.
8
To determine the offer availability, contact Horizon Power directly.
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CUSTOMER ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
CUSTOMER RENEWABLE
ENERGY INSTALLATION
Renewable Energy Source Grid Connected Inverter
Energy
Storage
Smoothing Subsystem
Switchboard(s)
Meter
CUSTOMER FINAL LOADS
Final
Loads
Figure 3: System Diagram B - Generation Managed via Smoothing
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HP
NETWORK
Key elements of System Diagram B (see Figure 3) are:




Use of Renewable Energy Smoothing.
Requirement for Energy Storage devices to be installed either on the dc or
ac side of the grid connected inverter or other intermediary devices.
No direct connection is permitted between the Customer’s Renewable
Energy Installation and Customer Final Loads. Connection must be made
via the switchboard.
Use of one meter.
Note: the smoothing subsystem may be integral or separate with the grid
connected inverter.
5.1.3
System Diagram C: Generation Managed via Zero-Export
The customer’s Electrical Installation shall be in accordance with System Diagram
D (Figure 4), providing all the prerequisites described in Table 13 are met.
Table 13: Prerequisites for Using System Diagram C – Generation Managed via Zero-Export
Class
Tariff
Requirement
Class 1
Customer is on A2, C2, D2 tariff or is an
educational institution (i.e. eligible for
REBS)
Town has managed hosting
capacity9.
Not eligible to use System Diagram C
Any customer tariff – except M2
Subject to offer availability10
Eligible to use System Diagram C
Class 2
Any customer tariff – except M2
Subject to offer availability10
Eligible to use System Diagram C
Class 3
Any customer tariff – except M2
Subject to offer availability10
Eligible to use System Diagram C
9
To determine whether your town has Zero Export Managed Hosting Capacity, refer to the Horizon
Power website (Saving Energy>Renewable energy>Quick Links) or contact Horizon Power directly.
10
To determine offer availability contact Horizon Power directly.
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CUSTOMER ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
CUSTOMER RENEWABLE
ENERGY INSTALLATION
Renewable Energy Source Energy
Storage
Switchboard(s)
Grid Connected Inverter
Meter
Smoothing Subsystem
Zero Export Subsystem
CUSTOMER FINAL LOADS
Final
Loads
Figure 4: System Diagram C - Generation Managed via Zero-Export
Key elements of System Diagram C are:



Use of a Zero Export and Smoothing devices (see section 5.1.2).
Requirement for Energy Storage devices to be installed either on the dc or
ac side of the grid connected inverter or other intermediary devices.
Use of one meter.
Note: the Zero Export device might be integral or separate with the grid connected
inverter.
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HP
NETWORK
5.1.4
System Diagram D: Generation Managed via Feed-in Management
The Customer’s Electrical Installation shall be in accordance with System Diagram
D (see Figure 5), providing the prerequisites described in Table 14 are met.
Table 14: Prerequisites for Using System Diagram D – Generation Managed via Feed-in
Management
Class
Tariff
Requirement
Class 1
Customer is on A2, C2, D2 tariff or is an
educational institution (i.e. eligible for
REBS)
NA
Not Eligible to use System Diagram D
All other customer tariffs – except M2
(i.e. not eligible for REBS)
Subject to offer availability11
Eligible to use System Diagram D
Class 2
Any customer tariff – except M2
Subject to offer availability11
Eligible to use System Diagram D
Class 3
Any customer tariff – except M2
Subject to offer availability11
‘Tariff’ is Independent Power Producer
(IPP)12 application is not for an existing
Horizon Power connection
By negotiation13
Eligible to use System Diagram D
11
To determine offer availability and if feed-in management applies, contact Horizon Power directly.
Independent Power Producers (IPP) are applicants who wish to install a large renewable energy
system (typically greater than 200 kW) with the intention of supplying the energy they produce back to
Horizon Power as a power producer.
13
Negotiated Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) Horizon Power directly.
12
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CUSTOMER ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
CUSTOMER RENEWABLE
ENERGY INSTALLATION
Renewable Energy Source Energy
Storage
Grid Connected Inverter
Switchboard(s)
Meter
HP
NETWORK
Smoothing Subsystem
Feed‐In Management Subsystem
HP CONTROL SYSTEM
CUSTOMER FINAL LOADS
Final
Loads
Figure 5: System Diagram D - Generation Managed via Feed-in Management
Key elements of System Diagram D are:





Use of Feed-in Management. and Smoothing devices (see section 5.1.2).
Requirement for Energy Storage devices to be installed either on the dc or
ac side of the grid connected inverter or other intermediary devices.
Direct communication required between the Customer’s Electrical
Installation and Horizon Power’s Control System.
No direct connection is permitted between the Customer’s Renewable
Energy Installation and Customer Final Loads. Connection must be made
via the switchboard.
Use of one meter.
Note: the feed-in management subsystem may be integral or separate with the
grid connected inverter.
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5.2
Circuit Diagram
The circuit diagram in this section describes the allowable electrical connections
required between the Customer’s Main Switchboard, Renewable Energy
Installation, Final Loads and Horizon Power Meter for both single and three phase
connections.
The Customer shall perform wiring in accordance with Circuit Diagram T.
As per Circuit Diagram T electrical connections within the Customer’s Renewable
Energy Installation are not shown. The Customer shall rely on the other
requirements of this Document together with AS 4777.1, AS/NZS 3000, AS 5033
(PV only) and other applicable documents to connect the internal components of
Renewable Energy Installation correctly.
5.2.1
Circuit Diagram T
HP NETWORK
1ph or 3ph
A
N
POINT OF CONNECTION
METER
FUSE
CUSTOMER SWITCHBOARD
HORIZON
POWER
METER
Neutral Link
N
MEN
Earth Link
Main
Earth
To Customer Renewable
Energy Installation*
N
A
INVERTER
MAIN SWITCH
& OVER CURRENT
PROTECTION
MAIN
SWITCH
RCD
RCD
A
To Customer Final
Loads
Figure 6 Circuit Diagram T
* For further wiring requirements for electrical connection of the Customer’s Renewable Energy Installation, refer to
other requirements in this document, AS 4777.1, AS/NZS 3000 and AS 5033 (PV only). A= Active, N = Neutral, MEN =
Multiple Earthed Neutral, RCD = Residual Current Device
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5.2.2
Photovoltaic Installations
Within the Customer’s Renewable Energy System Installation, Photovoltaic
installations shall comply with Australian Standard AS 5033 Installation of
Photovoltaic (PV) Arrays.
5.2.3
Modification Due To Larger Installations
At Horizon Power’s discretion, larger or rural installations may require
modifications to the Circuit Diagram T to facilitate metering.
5.3
Metering
5.3.1
Approved Meters
Only Horizon Power approved bi-directional meters shall be used for each circuit
diagram and connection type. If the customer has existing non-conforming meters,
then they must be replaced.
5.3.2
Supply
The meter shall be supplied by Horizon Power.
5.3.3
Approved Installers
The meter shall be installed by an installer approved by Horizon Power.
5.3.4
Programming
The meter shall be pre-programmed by Horizon Power.
5.3.5
Installation
The meters shall be installed in accordance with section 11 of the WA Distribution
Connections Manual.
5.3.6
Upgrading of Enclosure
In order to meet the meter installation requirements of section 11 of the WA
Distribution Connections Manual, the Customer may have to upgrade the
enclosure where the meters are housed, typically due to space constraints.
5.3.7
Measurement of Meters
Horizon Power shall perform measurements in accordance with the Metering Code
and Horizon Power Metrology Procedures.
5.3.8
Cost of Metering
The cost of materials and installation of meters shall be borne by the Customer in
accordance with the customer's Buyback Contract. This includes the cost of
upgrading of enclosures and switchboard if required.
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5.4
Inverters
5.4.1
Number of Inverters
Horizon Power requires the Customer to install one or more inverters in order to
convert Renewable Source Electricity into a form that is able to be exported from
the Customer’s Renewable Energy System Installation to Horizon Power’s Low
Voltage Network.
The Customer shall connect their Renewable Energy System Installation to the
Switchboard via one or more Inverters. The connection shall be via one or more
grid protection devices and circuit breakers which may be integral with the inverter,
in accordance with AS 4777.
5.4.2
Approved Inverters
The Grid-connected Inverter model shall comply with the following standards:


AS 4777
AS 3100
The Grid-connected Inverter model shall:


5.4.3
Be on Western Power’s list of approved Inverters; and/or
both:
i) have a certificate of compliance with AS 4777 from a NATA recognised
laboratory; and
ii) be on the Clean Energy Council’s approved list of Inverters;
Export Only
The Renewable Energy System Installation shall not be able to import power from
Horizon Power’s Electricity System to charge Energy Storage Devices. The
Renewable Energy System Installation shall be resistant to tampering that enables
direct energy importation to charge energy storage devices.
If bidirectional inverters are used, the Renewable Energy System Installation shall
be prevented from importing power from Horizon Power’s Electricity System to
charge Energy Storage Devices, by one or more of the following methods:



An physical device;
A software interlock; or
By the nature of the design.
Any method used shall be tamper resistant.
Horizon Power reserves the right to permanently exclude an Inverter make and
model from connection to its Electricity System if it considers (in its absolute
discretion) that the method used to prevent energy import is not satisfactory.
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5.4.4
Passive Anti-islanding Protection Settings
Passive Anti-islanding protection shall be as per section 5.3 of AS 4777.3. The
Grid-connected Inverter shall be installed with the following passive anti-islanding
settings prior to energisation:
Table 15: Passive Anti-islanding Protection Settings
Parameter
Value
Definition
fmin
46.5 Hz
Refer section 5.3 of
AS 4777.3
fmax
53 Hz
Vmin
190 V
Vmax
265 V
The settings may either be pre-set or programmable.
The programming of the setting shall not be easily changed and preferably be
done internally within the inverter or protected by a password.
Horizon Power may request changes to the above settings prior to energisation.
5.4.5
Permission to Export
The grid connected Inverter shall be prevented from exporting power until the
Energy Storage Devices have sufficient energy stored to meet the ramp rate
requirements described in section 5.5.
Note: this clause does not apply for Zero-Export14
14
To determine whether you are Zero-Export constrained, refer to the Horizon Power website or contact
Horizon Power directly.
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5.5
Smoothing Requirements
5.5.1
Concept
Controlling the ramp rate of the Inverter output is a requirement of the Renewable
Energy Smoothing type of Generation Management. As described in Table 1,
Renewable Energy Smoothing requires the Customer to install Energy Storage
Devices that release energy back to the Electricity System over a period of time if
the Renewable Source Electricity output changes too suddenly (Figure 7). This
allows enough time for Horizon Power and Independent Power Producers to ramp
up their generation assets to cover for a loss in Customer generation.
Power
O0
Ramp Down Rate
Too High
Maximum Allowable
Ramp Down Rate
Oss
Time
Cloud
Event
Key
Renewable Energy Source Output Power
Inverter Output Power with Renewable Energy Smoothing
Inverter Output Power without Renewable Energy Smoothing
Losses
Steady State:
Inverter Output Power ≈ Renewable Energy Source Output Power
- Losses
Figure 7: Ramp Down Rate with and without Renewable Energy Smoothing
5.5.2
Characteristic Curve
Figure 8 below plots the characteristic curve of the output power of a grid
connected Inverter. The characteristic curve is defined as the desired output
behaviour of the grid connected inverter, initially operating at nominal rated output,
in response to a step change in renewable energy source output at time t = 0
seconds to 0 kW.
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Power
[kW]
On
Rn = -1000 * On / Tn [W/s]
∆
NL = 100 * ∆ / Tn [%]
Time
[s]
Tn
Key
Renewable Energy Source Output Power
Inverter Output Power with Renewable Energy Smoothing
Linearity Bounds
Losses
Rn
Tn
On
∆
NL
Parameters
:= Nominal Ramp Down Rate [W/s]
:= Nominal Ramp Down Time [s]
:= Nominal Rated Inverter Output [kW]
:= Maximum Input Deviation [s]
:= Percentage Non-linearity [%]
Figure 8: Ramp Down Characteristic Curve
5.5.3
Nominal Ramp Down Time
All Renewable Energy System Installations employing System Diagrams B or
C shall have a nominal ramp down time Tn of 720 seconds.
The nominal ramp down time is depicted Figure 8 and is defined as the time taken
for the inverter to ramp down from nominal rated output to 0 kW.
The nominal ramp down rate for each installation size is then derived according to
the equation shown in Figure 8.
Control action is required when the ramp down rate of the renewable energy
source exceeds Rn in magnitude.
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5.5.4
Nominal Ramp Up Time
All Renewable Energy Installations employing System Diagrams B or C shall
have a nominal ramp up time Tp of 360 seconds.
The nominal ramp up time Rp is defined as the time taken for the inverter to ramp
up from 0 kW to nominal rated output:
Rp = 1000 * On / Tp [W/s]
This covers for a sudden increase in Renewable Source Electricity output. It is
expected that during this type of control action that the Energy Storage Devices
would be absorbing energy.
Control action is required when the ramp up rate of the renewable energy source
exceeds Rp in magnitude.
5.5.5
Non Linearity
The non-linearity of the ramp rate of the inverter output, as defined by the
Characteristic Curve depicted in Figure 8 shall be less than 10%.
5.5.6
Type and Size of Energy Storage Devices
The ramp rate requirements describe the required output behaviour of the inverter
only. The type of Energy Storage Devices used together with the control algorithm,
trigger condition and associated devices is left for the Customer to determine.
5.5.7
Testing
The Renewable Energy System Installation shall be considered to have met the
ramp down requirements if it passes a ramp down test described in section 5.9.
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5.6
Feed-in Management Requirements
Feed-in Management is requirement of Renewable Energy Installations that meet
the prerequisites described in Table 14.
5.6.1
Class 2 Renewable Energy Installations
5.6.1.1
Functional Requirements
The Feed-in Management subsystem for class 1 & 2 Renewable Energy
installations shall include:

Communication between the Renewable Energy System and Horizon
Power via Horizon Power’s Advanced Metering Infrastructure.

Direct control and status indication over the inverter isolation circuit breaker
or electronic isolator.
At Horizon Power’s absolute discretion, the Feed-in Management subsystem for
class 1 & 2 Renewable Energy installations may also include:

5.6.1.2
Control over, and regulation of the output of the grid connected inverter
including:
-
Instantaneous active power set point control (within 15 s from signal
transmission).
-
Reactive power set point control (+0.85 to -0.85 control with 60 s
response from signal).
-
Facility for automated system ramp down on loss of the
communications link.
-
Instantaneous set point control of energy storage (within 15 s from
signal transmission).

Access to live on site generation resource data (e.g. solar irradiation data,
wind speed & direction data etc.).

Access to live inverter data
Horizon Power Scope
Horizon Power shall:

Supply, install, own and maintain the Advanced Metering Infrastructure
associated with the Feed-in Management subsystem.

Assist the customer to commission their Feed-in Management sub system

Perform control and monitoring
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5.6.1.3
Customer Scope
The Customer shall:

Provide suitable control and monitoring inputs to Horizon Power’s
communication channel in order to fulfil the functional requirements
described in section 5.6.1.1.
Supply, install and commission the feed-in management sub system, liaising with
Horizon Power as required.
5.6.1.4
Equipment
Given the functional requirements described in section 5.6.1.1, the following
equipment configurations are possible:
Table 16: Equipment Configuration Options
Method of Control
Integral/Discrete
Equipment Configuration
Set Point & On/Off
Integral with Inverter
Figure 9
Set Point & On/Off
Discrete
Figure 10
On/Off
Integral
Meter
On/Off
Discrete
CUSTOMER
with
Smart
Figure 11
Figure 12
HORIZON POWER
Smart Meter
Zigbee
Inverter
Zigbee
Head End
System
Custom Control
System
SCADA System
Internal
Wireless
Hardwired
Figure 9: Method of Control Set Point & On/Off - Integral with Inverter
In this equipment configuration, the inverter can be turned “on” or “off” or curtailed
to a set point by using the ZigBee interface within the dual element smart meter.
The smart meter communicates to the compliant ZigBee enabled inverter.
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CUSTOMER
HORIZON POWER
Smart Meter
Inverter
Zigbee setpoint
control device
Zigbee
Head End
System
Custom Control
System
SCADA System
Internal
Wireless
Hardwired
Figure 10: Method of Control Set Point & On/Off - Discrete
In this equipment configuration, the inverter can be turned “on” or “off” or curtailed
to a set point by using the ZigBee interface within the dual element smart meter.
The smart meter communicates to the compliant ZigBee enabled inverter. The
smart meter communicates with a third party ZigBee device connected in series
with the inverter.
CUSTOMER
HORIZON POWER
Smart Meter
Load
Control
Switch
Inverter
Head End
System
Custom Control
System
SCADA System
Internal
Wireless
Hardwired
Figure 11: Method of Control On/Off - Integral with Smart Meter
In this equipment configuration, the inverter can be turned “on” or “off” by using the
load control relay within the dual element smart meter. Curtailment to set points is
not possible in this arrangement.
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CUSTOMER
HORIZON POWER
Smart Meter
Inverter
Zigbee load
control device
Zigbee
Head End
System
Custom Control
System
SCADA System
Internal
Wireless
Hardwired
Figure 12: Method of Control On/Off - Discrete
In this equipment configuration, the inverter can be turned “on” or “off” by using the
ZigBee interface within the dual element smart meter. The smart meter
communicates with a third party ZigBee device connected in series with the
inverter which performs the disconnect function. Curtailment to set points is not
possible in this arrangement.
Note: Further specification of the equipment will need to be performed once the
advanced metering infrastructure has been chosen and deployed by Horizon
Power.
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5.6.2
Class 3 Renewable Energy Installations
5.6.2.1
Functional Requirements
The Feed-in Management subsystem shall:
5.6.2.2

Include an active communication channel to a location specified by Horizon
Power (known as the Host Facility).

Include a status indicator on the communications channel.

Provide Horizon Power with remote control over, and regulation of the
output of the grid connected inverter including:
-
Instantaneous active power set point control (within 15 sec from
signal transmission).
-
Reactive power set point control (+0.85 to -0.85 control with 60 sec
response from signal).
-
Direct control and status indication over the main LV system
isolation circuit breaker.
-
Facility for automated system ramp down on loss of the
communications link.

Provide Horizon Power with full unrestricted access to the SEL-735 model
Power Quality and Revenue meter.

Provide Horizon Power with access to live on site generation resource data
(e.g. solar irradiation data, wind speed & direction data etc.).

Provide Horizon Power with live access to the Customer’s Renewable
Energy Installation for monitoring purposes in order to maintain system
quality reliability and stability.
Horizon Power Scope
Horizon Power shall:

Supply, install, own and maintain the communications channel associated
with the Feed-in Management subsystem. This includes any associated
equipment, cables, cabinets and systems.

Perform system integration associated with connecting the Customer’s
Feed-in Management subsystem to Horizon Power’s Control System.
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5.6.2.3
Customer Scope
The Customer shall:
5.6.2.4

Provide suitable control and monitoring inputs to Horizon Power’s
communication channel in order to fulfil the functional requirements
described in section 5.6.2.1.

Provide a suitable location on the Customer’s side for Horizon Power’s
equipment associated with the Feed-in Management subsystem.

Provide Single Phase 240 V AC power to Horizon Power’s equipment
cabinets on the Customer’s side.

Provide Horizon Power with autonomous entry level access to the
Renewable Energy Installation in order to perform up front and ongoing
works.
Equipment
The Feed-in Management subsystem shall comprise the following components:
Customers Renewable Energy Installation

A transceiver, installed by Horizon Power at the Customer’s Renewable
Energy Installation.

A SEL-735 power quality and revenue meter with additional I/O module for
CB status and fault indication, installed by Horizon Power at the Customer’s
Renewable Energy Installation.

Associated control and monitoring devices needed to meet the functional
requirements described in section 5.6.2.1 installed by Horizon Power at the
Customer’s Renewable Energy Installation.

One or more cabinets to house the above components.
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5.7
Zero-Export Requirements
Zero-Export is requirement of Renewable Energy Installations that meet the
prerequisites described in Table 13.
5.7.1
Technical Requirements
The Energy Control subsystem shall:






5.7.2
Ensure export of active power to Horizon Power Network within following
limits
- 0 kW
- response time15: max. 5 s
Use communication media, interfaces and protocols ensuring interoperability of components in the subsystem to meet above performance
requirements.
Meet the service life of the renewable energy system.
Be resistant to outdoor harsh stresses (rain, wind, UV etc.).
Comply with applicable Australian standards.
Be tamper-proof (enclosure and settings).
Equipment
Current16 Zero-Export Energy Control Subsystems include but are not limited to:



Inverter Disconnect Systems that disconnect the renewable energy
installation if the instantaneous generation exceeds the instantaneous load.
Inverter Output Reducer Systems that control the instantaneous generation
to ensure it does not exceed the instantaneous load.
Energy storage devices that store the excess of energy (separate or
integral of the inverter).
15
Is the time spanning from the renewable energy export event detection to its effective reduction to a
net zero export situation.
16
Accessed May 2014 (list subject to change)
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5.8
Sole Use Transformer
As an outcome of the application Horizon Power may require the Customer to be
supplied from a sole use transformer in order to maintain the reliability of the
Electricity System17. The Customer shall bear Horizon Power’s costs of supplying
and installing a sole use transformer.
5.9
Type Testing
For installations where Renewable Energy Smoothing is required, Horizon Power
needs to be able to verify whether a Customer’s Renewable Energy Installation
complies with ramp down requirements specified in section 5.5. This is achieved
by the validation of an NPER accredited engineer that the Renewable Energy
Smoothing system is in accordance with the ramp down testing requirements
specified in section 5.10.2.
5.10
Routine Testing
Validation is achieved by Horizon Power certifying on a periodic basis that the
ramp rate requirements are being met.
5.10.1
Testing Method
The testing method shall be one of the following:
Table 17: Types of Test Methods
Test Method
Description
Pushbutton 18 Self-Test
A pushbutton is pressed which initiates a test sequence
that results in a PASS or FAIL.
Battery Health Indicator19
An indicator guaranteeing the health of the battery system
and showing there is sufficient capacity in the battery
system to perform the test sequence
17
This is expected to be more of an issue for large Class 3 installations.
A pushbutton may be a multifunction, accessible by menus or dedicated button
19
Must be clearly visible to a meter reader
18
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5.10.2
Ramp Down Testing Procedure
Figure 13 illustrates the test requirements. In addition, an example of test
measurements is contained in Appendix A.
Power
[kW]
NOT TO SCALE
On
Outside of Pass
Bounds
O0 = K*On
0.1KTn
0.3KTn
0.5KTn 0.7KTn 0.9KTn
Time t
[s]
Tn
Key
Renewable Energy Source Output Power
Desired Inverter Output Power Ramp Down Curve
Linearity Bounds (Pass Bounds)
Losses
Measured Value
Tn
On
O0
K
Parameters
:= Nominal Ramp Down Time [s]
:= Nominal Rated Inverter Output [kW]
:= Measured Inverter Output @ t=0 [kW]
:= O0 / On [units]
Figure 13: Example of Ramp Down Test Measurements Where Result is TEST FAIL
Procedure:
1.
Measure inverter output power prior to commencement of test, O0
Let On be the nominal output rating of the grid connected inverter
Let K = O0 / On
If K < 0.4 abort test20
2.
20
Determine 5 test points and the pass bounds for each power measurement
The best time to perform the test is during peak output (typically. 12-2pm)
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Table 18: Test Points
Measuring
Time
5.10.3
Power Measurement Pass Bounds
Lower
Upper
0.1 KTn
0.8 KOn
KOn
0.3 KTn
0.6 KOn
0.8 KOn
0.5 KTn
0.4 KOn
0.6 KOn
0.7 KTn
0.2 KOn
0.4 KOn
0.9 KTn
0
0.2 KOn
3.
Electrically isolate the renewable energy source from the rest of the
Renewable Energy Installation21.
4.
Start timer.
5.
Record measured inverter output value Omeasured at each test point
specified in step 2.
6.
If all five measured output values Omeasured are within the pass bounds
specified in step 2 then TEST PASSED, else TEST FAILED
7.
Indicate Status
8.
If TEST FAILED disconnect inverter from grid according to section 5.10.6.
9.
If TEST PASSED, allow permanent connection to the grid to section 5.10.6.
10.
Reconnect the renewable energy source to the rest of the Renewable
Energy Installation.
11.
Test Complete
Measurement Accuracy
Each measured value shall be accurate to within 4% and with repeatability of 2%.
Measurements that lie outside the pass bounds but within measurement
uncertainty bounds shall be considered passed.
21
This could be done by sending an energising signal to a relay that actuates the DC breaker
immediately upstream of the renewable energy source.
CS10# 2230141
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5.10.4
Recording of Data
Test data shall be stored in an electronic format that guards against tampering.
Data associated with the previous 12 ramp down tests shall be able to be stored.
Data shall include:




5.10.5
Date and time of test.
Test result: Pass or Fail.
Five test measurement values.
Values of K, Tn, O0, On at the time of the test.
Frequency and Validation of Testing
Horizon Power requires evidence of compliance (“Certification”) with the ramp
down requirements on an annual basis. This will involve Horizon Power personnel
visiting the Customer’s premises and performing one of the following tasks:


Reading of battery health indicator
Reading of a conducted pushbutton self-test
Table 19 summarises the test frequency requirements.
Table 19: Frequency and validation of testing requirements for each test method
Method
Horizon Power
Certification Frequency
Pushbutton Self-Test
Annually
Battery health indicator visualisation
5.10.6
Action on Test Completion
If disconnected, the customer shall connect their Renewable Energy System
Installation to Horizon Power’s Electricity System for the purposes of conducting
the ramp down test. This is a temporary connection only.
The table below describes the action required once a test result is obtained.
Table 20: Action Required Once Test Result Obtained
Method
Action on TEST FAIL
Action on TEST PASS
Pushbutton Self-Test
Automatic Disconnection of
Inverter.
Permanent Connection
of REI to HP Network
now allowed
Permanent Connection of REI
to Horizon Power Network not
allowed and prevented by
software interlock.
Battery Health Indicator
CS10# 2230141
Conduct a Pushbutton SelfTest
Page 43 of 58
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5.11
Commissioning
Commissioning and verification shall be in accordance with section 8 of AS 3000,
AS 5033 (if applicable), WA Distribution Connections Manual, WA electrical
requirements and manufacturer recommendations. In addition, if applicable, the
Customer shall perform a ramp down test prior to the commencement of
use.
Horizon Power reserves the right to witness commissioning or request evidence of
commissioning results prior to granting final approval.
Renewable Energy System Installations that employ Feed In Management will
require the involvement of Horizon Power personnel as part of the commissioning
process.
CS10# 2230141
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APPENDIX A. EXAMPLE OF RAMP DOWN TEST
Table 21: Example Ramp Down Test Parameters
Description
Parameter
Value
Nominal Rated Inverter Output
On
5 kW
Nominal Ramp Down Time
Tn
300 s22
Initial Inverter Output
O0
3.5 kW
Calculated Scaling Constant
K
0.7
Measurement Error
ε
4%
Table 22: Example Ramp Down Test Data
Test
Point
Measuring
Power Measurement Pass Bounds
Omeasured
Time [s]
Lower [kW]
Upper [kW]
[kW]
t1
21
2.80
3.50
t2
63
2.10
2.80
t3
105
1.40
2.10
t4
147
0.70
1.40
t5
189
0.00
0.70
3.2
[3.07-3.33]
2.40
[2.30-2.50]
1.0
[0.96-1.04]
0.90
[0.86-0.94]
0.40
[0.38-0.42]
Result
PASS
PASS
FAIL
PASS
PASS
OVERALL TEST RESULT: FAIL
22
Note that the standard specifies a different nominal ramp down time
CS10# 2230141
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Ramp Down Test Results
4.5
4.0
Lower Pass
Bound
Upper Pass
Bound
Measured
Inverter Output [kW]
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
0
50
100
150
200
Time [s]
Figure 14: Example Ramp Down Test Results
CS10# 2230141
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APPENDIX B.
CS10# 2230141
TYPICAL FEED-IN MANAGEMENT COMMUNICATIONS BLOCK DIAGRAM
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SCHEDULES
The following Schedules shall be submitted to Horizon Power by the Customer as part of
their application:
SCHEDULE 1 Customer Compliance Checklist (typical shown below)
SCHEDULE 2 System Diagram (typical shown below)
SCHEDULE 3 Circuit Diagram (typical shown below)
SCHEDULE 4 Cable Data (typical shown below)
SCHEDULE 5 NPER Signoff (typical shown below)
CS10# 2230141
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SCHEDULE 1. CUSTOMER COMPLIANCE CHECKLIST
Description
Relevant
Complies
Comments
Clauses
Renewable Energy Installation Size and Type
1.3.1

Connection Types
1.3.3

Reference Documentation
2

General Requirements – Compliance with Requirements
4.1

General Requirements – Supply Characteristics
4.3

General Requirements – Labelling
4.4

General Requirements – Documentation
4.5

System Diagram
5.1

Circuit Diagram
5.2

Metering
5.3

Inverters - Number
5.4.1

Inverters – Approved Inverters
5.4.2

Inverters – Export Only
5.4.3

CS10# 2230141
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Inverters – Passive Anti-islanding Protection Settings
5.4.4

Inverters – Permission to Export
5.4.5

Ramp Rate – Characteristic Curve
5.5.2

Ramp Rate – Non Linearity
5.5.5

Ramp Rate – Nominal Ramp Down Time
5.5.3

Ramp Rate - Testing
5.5.7

Feed In Management- Functional Requirements
5.6.1

Feed In Management- Customer Scope
5.6.1.3

Routine Testing – Testing Procedure
5.10.1

Routine Testing – Testing Procedure
5.10

Routine Testing – Measurement Accuracy
5.10.3

Routine Testing – Frequency & Validity of Testing
5.10.5

Routine Testing – Action on Test Completion
5.10.6

Commissioning
5.11

CS10# 2230141
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SCHEDULE 2. SYSTEM DIAGRAM
*****SAMPLE ONLY****
CUSTOMER ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
CUSTOMER RENEWABLE
ENERGY INSTALLATION
Renewable Energy Source Switchboard(s)
Grid Connected Inverter
Meter
HP
NETWORK
Smoothing Subsystem
CUSTOMER FINAL LOADS
Final
Loads
CS10# 2230141
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SCHEDULE 3. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
*****SAMPLE ONLY****
SHEET 1
A
N
HP NETWORK
Single Phase
240V a.c
POINT OF CONNECTION
METER
FUSE
MAIN SWITCHBOARD
HORIZON
POWER
METER
Neutral Link
N
MEN
Earth Link
Main
Earth
To Renewable Energy
Installation
(SHEET 2)
{
N
A
INVERTER
MAIN SWITCH
& OVER CURRENT
PROTECTION
(rating)
MAIN
SWITCH
(rating)
A
To Customer Final
Loads
CS10# 2230141
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(schedule 3 continued)
*****SAMPLE ONLY****
SHEET 2
(no of strings, cells per string,
Power per cell)
PV ARRAY
ISOLATOR (d.c)
(rating)
PV ARRAY
INVERTER 1
(with grid protection device)
pv+
pv+
pv-
pv-
E
}
N
batt+
A
batt-
From Main
Switchboard
(SHEET 1)
INVERTER LOCAL
ISOLATOR (a.c)
(rating)
BATTERY
CB (d.c)
(rating)
Battery
(Voltage, Ampere-Hours)
CS10# 2230141
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SCHEDULE 4. CABLE DATA
*****SAMPLE ONLY****
CONCEPT DRAWINGS (SAMPLE):
3
1
CUSTOMER
POLE
HORIZON
POWER
POLE
MAIN SWITCHBOARD
& METER
INVERTER
2
PROPERTY
BOUNDARY
Property Boundary
3
HORIZON POWER
POLE
CS10# 2230141
2
CUSTOMER POLE
Page 54 of 58
1
MAIN SWITCHBOARD/
METER BOX
INVERTER
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RENEWABLE
ENERGY SOURCE
(schedule 4 continued)
****NOTE: Include cable information for all power cables between Inverter and Point of Supply****
Concept
Drawing
Item
Cable Length
Cable Type
Installation type
1
10 m
4 mm2 , 2 Core + Earth, PVC/PVC,
Copper
In Roof Space
2
20 m
4 mm2 , 2 Core, PVC/PVC, Copper
Underground
3
30 m
4 mm2 , 2 Core, Bare, Copper
Overhead
CS10# 2230141
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SCHEDULE 5. NPER SIGNOFF
*****SAMPLE ONLY: NEW REFERENCE DESIGN****
Horizon Power
18 Brodie Hall Drive
Technology Park
Bentley, WA, 6102
Your Ref: XXXXXX
Our Ref: YYYYYY (if applicable)
DD/MM/YY
Dear Sir/Madam
Subject: Renewable Energy Connection - Project Name, Project Location
Please find attached our submission for the abovementioned project.
This letter is to certify that as a Chartered Professional Engineer and by virtue of my training and experience, the
submission documentations issued together with this letter complies with the requirements of the following:








HPC-9FJ-12-0001-2012 Horizon Power Technical Requirements for Connection of Renewable Energy
Systems to the Low Voltage Network via Inverters (State latest revision)
Electricity (Licensing) Regulations 1991
AS/NZS 3000 (State latest revision)
Western Australian Electrical Requirements (State latest revision)
Western Australian Distribution Connections Manual (State latest revision)
AS 3100 (State latest revision)
AS 4777 (State latest revision)
AS 5033 (State latest revision)
In addition, the following schedules have been submitted as part of the application:

Schedule 1: Compliance Checklist

Schedule 2: System Diagram

Schedule 3: Circuit Diagrams

Schedule 4: Cable Data
Should you have any queries, please contact the undersigned.
Yours Sincerely,
Chartered Professional Engineer’s Name and NPER Number
Professional Title
Company Name
Company Address
Contact Detail
CS10# 2230141
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*****SAMPLE ONLY: COVER LETTER FOR REUSED REFERENCE DESIGN****
Horizon Power
18 Brodie Hall Drive
Technology Park
Bentley, WA, 6102
Your Ref: XXXXXX
Our Ref: YYYYYY (if applicable)
DD/MM/YY
Dear Sir/Madam
Subject: Renewable Energy Connection - Project Name, Project Location
Please find attached our submission for the abovementioned project. This letter is to declare that the
abovementioned project makes use of the reference design for Project (State Project) dated (State Date). An
NPER accredited chartered professional engineer has checked the reference design and it has been attached to
our submission for your consideration.
The abovementioned project does not differ with the NPER validated reference design in the key elements
described in section 4.5.2 of the Technical Requirements.
In addition, the following schedules have been submitted as part of the application:

Schedule 1: Compliance Checklist

Schedule 2: System Diagram

Schedule 3: Circuit Diagrams

Schedule 4: Cable Data
Should you have any queries, please contact the undersigned.
Yours Sincerely,
Name
Professional Title
Company Name
Company Address
Contact Detail
CS10# 2230141
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This page has been left intentionally blank.
CS10# 2230141
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