Muhammad Amir Yousaf
1
Electrical Engineering BA (B), Analog
Electronics,
ET064G 7.5 Credits Electronic
What is Analog
Systems?
ET065G 6 Credits
Electronics?
HT2012
Introduction
Course Aims?
Course contents?
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Introduction
of Mindi?
Nature is Analog
 Analog Electronics: An oldest and fundamental branch
of electronics.

Although much signal processing is being done
digitally, it remains indispensable discipline.
 First interface with ‘analog’ nature.
 All the natural phenomenon such as variation of light,
temperature and in weather etc are defined in continuous
time and value.
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Electronics reads Environment
 An electronic system normally (made to) interacts with nature.

It reads the environmental phenomena and acts over it in the
ordered fashion.
The CO2 sensor.
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Analog Signal
 Primary information from natural phenomena comes in the
form of optical, acoustic, thermal or chemical etc signals.




These signals are converted into electrical signals.
The devices used for such conversions are called
transducers or sensors.
Signals from primary source of information are continuous
in time so the electric signals obtained from the
transducers.
The electric signal is analogue of the primary information
A Light Dependent Resistor
stream, it is therefore called ‘Analog Signal’
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Signal Handling: An art
 Electronics is an art of handling information carrying electrical
signals.
 The electrical signals obtained from the
transducers could be very delicate
and weak in strength
and prone to noise and interference.
 Processing of electrical signals starts
from this stage. It includes treatment of signal against the noise
and decision making.
 After processing, the output signal converted back into the
physical signal or quantities for display or actuation.
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Analog Electronics Systems
Input
Transducer
A Loud Speaker system.
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Processor/
Filter
Interface
Non-electrical
information
Interface
 Block diagram of an analog electronic system.
Display /
Digital End /
Actuator
Signal Chain in an Electronic System
 A sensor converts the real-world
signal into an analog electrical
signal. This analog signal is often
weak and noisy.
 Amplifiers
are
needed
strengthen the signal.
 A/D
converters
for
processing if required.
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to
digital
Typical Signal Chain in an Electronic System
 Analog filtering may be necessary to remove noise from the signal.
This (is called) ‘front end’ processing (which) improves the signal-tonoise ratio (SNR).
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is a
measure used in science and
engineering that compares the level of
a desired signal to the level of
background noise. It is defined as the
ratio of signal power to the noise
power.
 Most important building blocks used in the amplifier and filter stages
is:
Operational Amplifiers
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Signal Chain in an Electronic System
 An analog-to-digital converter transforms the analog signal into a
stream of 0‘s and 1's.
 The digital data is processed by a CPU, such as a DSP, a
microprocessor, or a microcontroller.
 Digital-to-analog conversion (DAC) is necessary to convert the stream
of 0's and 1's back into analog form.
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Course Plan
 About the course:
 The course gives a deeper understanding and
knowledge in analog circuit design and covers analog
amplifiers, noise, filters, stability, oscillators, power
supplies. The theory will be verified both with
simulations and measurements of analog electronics
circuits.
 Prerequisite:
 Electrical Engineering BA (A): Circuit Theory and
Electronics, BA (A), 7.5 Credits.
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Course Plan
 Prerequisites :
 Electrical Engineering BA (A): Circuit Theory and
Electronics, BA (A), 7.5 Credits.
 Understanding of basic passive components
 jw method for solving ac circuit equations (
Introductory Circuit Analysis Chapter 14)
 Passive Filters
 Op-amps: introduction
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Course Plan
 Course aim and goal
 Students will gain a deeper understanding and
knowledge of circuit design and characteristics.
 Students will acquire skills in the design of the
amplifiers, filters, oscillators and power supply etc.
 Students will acquire proficiency in the use of
computerized simulation tools.
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Course Plan
 Course aim and goal
 Students will gain a deeper understanding and
knowledge of circuit design and characteristics.
 Students will acquire skills in the design of the
amplifiers, filters, oscillators and power supply etc.
 Students will acquire proficiency in the use of
computerized simulation tools.
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Course Plan
 Students at the end of the course:
 Should be able to construct an active and/or passive analog filter
based on a specification.
 Should be able to analyze a closed-loop amplifier frequency
characteristics and stability.
 Should know how the noise is generated and analyze how it
propagates in an active electronic circuit .
 be able to design circuits based on an operation amplifier for some
selected functions such as oscillators, integration, differentiation,
summation, instrument amplifiers, charge sensitive amplifiers, etc.
 Be able to utilize knowledge in current research and development
 Should be able to design an electronic system.
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Course Plan
 Course Contents
 The course covers:
 System properties of analog circuits
 Short refresher of basic elements: Circuit theory, Bode plots, Simple
RC filters
 Different OP-Amp circuits
 Instrumentation amplifiers
 Characteristics of different types of operational amplifiers
 Frequency-dependent couplings
 Feed-back of amplifiers
 Stability
 Noise and noise models for operational amplifiers
 Various application examples
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Required Literature
 Thomas L. Floyd, "Electronic Devices - Conventional
Current Version"
ISBN: 0-13-615581-2
 Don Manchini, "Op Amps for Everyone" -Free
downloadable pdf
 Course web-page:
apachepersonal.miun.se/~amiyou/
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Teachers
 Muhammad Amir Yousaf
S- Building 241-F
060148748
apachepersonal.miun.se/~amiyou/
 Mazhar Hussain
S- Building 241-F
060148748
apachepersonal.miun.se/~mazhus/
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Lecture Plan (i)
 Introduction to Course:
 Course Plan
 Aims and Goals
 Course Contents.
 Lecture 1: Revision of some basic concepts such as:



RC filters
Bode plots
Transfer function etc.
 Lecture2: Discrete Semiconductor devices


Diodes (Diodes, LEDs, Zener)
Transistors (Bipolar and MOSFETs).
 Literature:
 Chapter 2 of text book ‘Electronic Devices’, Lecture notes 1
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Lecture Plan (ii)
 Lecture 3





Operational Amplifies
Ideal and Practical op-amps
Input Signal Modes (Differential and Common Mode)
Voltage Current Impedance
Frequency Response




Literature:
Lecture Notes 2
Electronic Devices : Chapter 12
Op-amp for every one.
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Lecture Plan (iii)
 Lecture 4-5
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
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
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
Inverting & Non Inverting amplifiers
Voltage follower
Parameters and Operational amplifier properties
Bias current and offset voltage
Feedback,
Open and closed loop response, Stability




Literature:
Lecture Notes 3
Electronic Devices : Chapter 12
Op-amp for every one.
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Lecture Plan (iv)
 Lecture 6-7


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
Comparator
Summing and averaging amplifier
Instrumentation amplifier
Integrator and Differentiator
Charge sensitive amplifier
Current to voltage amplifier
Instrumentation amplifier
Oscillators, Active filters
Peak Detector
 Literature: Lecture Notes 4
 Electronic Devices : Chapter 13, 14, 16
 Op-amp for every one. Chapter 16
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Lecture Plan (v)
 Lecture 8
 Noise
 Noise Factor
 Literature:
 Lecture Notes 5
 Op-amp for every one: Chapter 10
 Lecture 9
 Power Supply
 Linear Supply, Switch mode supplies
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Exercise Plan
 Exercise 1:
 Revision of Circuit Theory concepts
 Bode Plots
 Exercise 2
 Exercise 3
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Lab Plan
 Lab 1: Basic Op amp circuits:
 The most basic OP-Amp circuits should be connected and
characterized.
 Some fundamental non ideal properties of the OP-Amp will also be
characterized.
 Lab 2: Active Filters:
 Active filters should be designed according to given
specifications. You should consult with the book ‘op-amp for every
one’
 Lab3: Power Supply Design
 Comprehensive understanding with results
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Computerized simulation tool
 Mindi : Microchips Analog Simulation Tools / Powered by SiMetrix
 Simulation is extremely useful for testing ideas at the system level.
 Performance of design.
 Characteristic of circuit i.e. frequency response.
 Testing components.
 Demo
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Examination and Grading System
 A written exam for 4.5 hp will be held 29th
October
 The grades A, B, C, D, E, Fx and F are given
on the course. On this scale the grades A
through E represent pass levels, whereas Fx
and F represent fail levels.
 Labs 1.5 hp will be graded as Pass and Fail
 Assignment 1.5hp with grades A to F
(ET064G)
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References
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http://www.handbuiltpotteryonline.net/
https://picasaweb.google.com/107263748601915715835/NesargiKarmicPranjal#5556691209155746434
http://qtweb.ca/2012/08/20/setting-your-seo-goals/
http://www.istockphoto.com/stock-illustration-5738901-race-winner-finishing-line.php
http://www.sodahead.com/fun/do-you-think-too-much-wisdom-is-a-powerful-thing-or-more-of-a-dangerousthing/question1239041/?page=1&postId=41088893#post_41088893&link=ibaf&q=deep+understanding&imgurl=http://mindbodysmil
e.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/dontknow.jpg
http://thsc.com.sg/digital-hearing-aids-techs-signals.php
http://www.whatcircuits.com/software/electronic-simulator-and-analysis/5spice/
http://www.cstr.ed.ac.uk/research/projects/inversion/
http://www.karbosguide.com/hardware/module7c1.htm
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