Content Benchmark P.8.C.4
Students know energy cannot be created or destroyed, in a chemical or physical reaction, but only changed from one form to another. E/S
Sample Test Questions
1 st Item Specification: Identify and describe differences between kinetic and potential energy.
Depth Of Knowledge Level 1
1.
Kinetic energy is
A.
the energy stored in an object.
B.
the energy of a moving object.
C.
stored and moving energy.
D.
loss of all energy.
2.
Potential energy is
A.
the energy stored in an object.
B.
the energy of a moving object.
C.
stored and moving energy.
D.
loss of all energy.
Depth Of Knowledge Level 2
3.
Below is a figure of a pendulum. The letters represents specific points that the pendulum passes through in its swing. Use this figure to answer the next question.

( From: http://albertgrasmarti.org/agm/recerca-divulgacio/pendulum-TPT.pdf
)
In the figure above
A.
position A is the point of maximum potential energy and minimum kinetic energy.
B.
position B is the point of maximum potential energy and minimum kinetic energy.
C.
position A is the point of maximum kinetic energy and minimum potential energy.
D.
position B is the point of maximum kinetic energy and minimum potential energy.
4.
Below is a figure of a pendulum. The letters represents specific points that the pendulum passes through in its swing. Use this figure to answer the next question.
( From: http://albertgrasmarti.org/agm/recerca-divulgacio/pendulum-TPT.pdf
)
In the figure above, the letter representing the point where kinetic energy and potential energy are equal is
A.
Point A
B.
Point B
C.
Point C
D.
Point A'
2 nd Item Specification: Describe common energy transformations (e.g. chemical to motion, radiant to chemical, electrical to thermal, electrical to radiant).
Depth Of Knowledge Level 1

5.
A match is being lit to start a fire. As the match decreases in size and turns black, the chemical energy stored in the match is NOT
A.
changed partially into thermal energy.
B.
changed partially into light energy.
C.
completely destroyed.
D.
completely conserved.
6.
During photosynthesis, light energy is converted into
A.
chemical energy.
B.
electrical energy.
C.
nuclear energy.
D.
thermal energy.
7.
A hairdryer converts electrical energy into
A.
chemical energy.
B.
electrical energy.
C.
nuclear energy.
D.
thermal energy.
Depth Of Knowledge Level 2
8.
The motor in a fan converts
A.
potential energy into mechanical energy
B.
electrical energy into kinetic energy
C.
chemical energy into electrical energy
D.
solar energy into nuclear energy
9.
The sun is beating down on a child sitting on the sidewalk. This is an example of a transformation of
A.
radiant energy to thermal energy.
B.
radiant energy to chemical energy.
C.
electrical energy to radiant energy.
D.
thermal energy to radiant energy.

10. The diagram below shows a roller coaster. Use this diagram to answer the next question.
(From: http://galileo.phys.virginia.edu/education/outreach/8thgradesol/EnergyPendulum.htm
)
At what point in the journey of the roller coaster is potential energy transforming into kinetic energy?
A.
Point A
B.
Point B
C.
Point C
D.
Point D

Constructed Response P.8.C.4
Cross country runners sometimes eat pasta before they begin running.
A.
In terms of energy, explain why the runners eat pasta before running?
B.
Runners are often sweating when they finish their race. Using your knowledge of how energy changes, explain what happens to the pasta during the course of the run?

Content Benchmark P.8.C.4
Students know energy cannot be created or destroyed, in a chemical or physical reaction, but only changed from one form to another. E/S
Answers to Sample Test Questions
1.
B, DOK level 1
2.
A, DOK level 1
3.
A, DOK level 2
4.
B, DOK level 2
5.
C, DOK level 1
6.
A, DOK level 1
7.
D, DOK level 2
8.
B, DOK level 2
9.
A, DOK level 2
10.
C, DOK level 2
Constructed Response 3-point Answer and Score Rubric:
3 points
Response addresses all parts of the question clearly and correctly.
The student correctly identifies pasta as a source of potential energy that changes to kinetic energy of running. Specifically, chemical energy in the pasta is transformed by the body to provide energy for the kinetic energy of the human muscles. This kinetic energy of the muscles allows the runner to move forward. The chemical energy is also transformed to thermal energy in the body, which raised the runner’s temperature. The sweat produced evaporates on the skin.
This energy required to change the state of the water transfer thermal energy from the runner to the atmosphere.
2 points
Response addresses all parts of the question and includes only minor errors.
1 point Response does not address all parts of the question.
0 points Response is totally incorrect or no response provided.