Department of Energy
Office of Science
U.S. High Energy Physics ̶
A Perspective from the
DOE Program Office
SLAC Users Organization
September 26, 2005
Dr. Robin Staffin
Associate Director, Office of High Energy Physics
DOE, Office of Science
Department of Energy
Today
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The present US program is a great one
– World class experiments with potential for major discoveries
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To focus on just a subset of ongoing program:
– B-factory
• Evidence for new physics
– Tevatron collider
• Potential for important discoveries
– MINOS & MiniBooNE
• Potential to further surprise us in our understanding of
neutrinos
– CDMS
• Most sensitive searches for dark matter
Office of Science
Department of Energy
Coming soon
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New projects coming online:
– GLAST/LAT
– EXO 200
– U.S. scientists take a major and
appreciated role at the LHC
– Auger completion soon
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All parts of a strong national program
– CLEO-c, particle astrophysics
initiatives, etc…
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Dark Energy and new neutrino
experiments may be playing an
important role in the near future.
GLAST/LAT in space
Office of Science
Department of Energy
As a field, we do not lack for
scientific opportunities
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Office of Science
Linear collider
– GDE now established: under the leadership of Director Barry Barish
– The Department of Energy has expressed his support for an ILC in
the US
• Should be affordable and scientifically justified
– We are ramping up ILC R&D, even within extremely tight overall
budgets
Neutrino physics
– APS Study
– NUSAG now up and running
• Now looking at neutrinoless double  decay, reactor
experiment, and off-axis e appearance experiments
• Next will consider high intensity neutrino beam
Dark matter searches
Dark energy measurements
– Dark Energy Task Force set up and running
– So is the Dark Energy Science Definition Team for JDEM
Department of Energy
SLAC and the ILC
Office of Science
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We congratulate SLAC for its demonstration of a feasible warm machine
– An impressive technical achievement.
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We congratulate SLAC for its leadership in almost every sector of the
ILC, including:
– Low emittance control and global design
– RF power systems
– Electron and positron sources
•
SLAC, through it’s world-leading accelerator effort is a linchpin in the
GDE effort, and our efforts to ramp up and broaden US efforts towards
making the ILC a reality.
– Now we must strengthen and broaden the entire US effort.
– A credible SC RF effort, industrial engagement, developing US
capability for cavity fabrication and cryomodule assembly.
– This will take money…please bear with us as we try to ramp up
funding across the national program
– We will be principally relying on the GDE for funding plans
Department of Energy
The Present Challenge ̶ HEP
Resources
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Office of Science
Resources for the HEP program have been highly constrained – and
will likely continue to be for at least the next few years
Labs
Univ
LHC
mandated spending
200%
1000
900
180%
mandated spending
Univ
Labs
HEP total
800
160%
% Change
700
$M
600
500
400
300
140%
universities
120%
100%
200
labs
80%
100
0
60%
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
assuming 3% inflation per year
FY
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1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
FY
as spent dollars, 1996 = 100%
Our present priorities
– Running the B-factory, Tevatron, neutrino program
– Strong participation in the LHC at CERN
– Maintain core research program including university support
– Investing in the future program
Department of Energy
The DOE HEP program in
FY 2005 – FY 2006
•
Office of Science
Overall HEP budget and priorities in FY 2005 – FY 2006:
– Operations of B-factory, Tevatron & NuMI/MINOS will be
fully supported
– LHC preparations will be fully supported
– Core research program at the universities and
laboratories will be maintained
– Investment for near and long term new initiatives
(including neutrinos and ILC R&D) will be increased
•
Any new initiatives will have to come from re-direction
– P5 advice will be important
Department of Energy
Opportunities
Office of Science
Very Approximate!
1000
0
2005
?
opportunity
ILC
Accelerator Ops
LHC
Core Research
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Department of Energy
Intermediate scale projects
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The current U.S. accelerator-based program is world-leading, but is
necessarily finite in lifetime
– PEP-II and the Tevatron will ramp down toward the end of the
decade; miniBooNE, MINOS also
The Linear Collider is DOE’s highest priority for a future major facility
– but timescale is less than and cannot be done without either an
increase in resources or a reduction in cost
LHC participation will be a central piece of the U.S. program
Hence
DOE has started planning for a portfolio of medium scale, medium
term experiments to be launched in the period 2007-10
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Office of Science
Scientific opportunities should be clear and compelling
– neutrino physics (APS study); dark matter, dark energy…
Resources, as stated, will be made available through redirection
Department of Energy
Possible mid-term Initiatives
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Office of Science
In order to inform the Department of our intent to pursue several new
scientific topics, we are preparing draft requests for approval of
“CD-0” (Statement of Mission Need), including
• A generic neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment to probe the
Majorana nature of neutrinos
• A generic reactor-based neutrino experiment to measure 13
• A generic off-axis accelerator-based neutrino experiment for 13
and to resolve the neutrino mass hierarchy
• A generic high intensity neutrino beam facility for neutrino CPviolation experiments
• A generic ground-based dark energy experiment
• A generic underground experiment to search for direct evidence of
dark matter
Department of Energy
A Busy Advisory Process
Office of Science
Panel
P5
Reports to
HEPAP
Topic(s)
B-factory + Tevatron Ops
New mid-scale initiatives
Reports Due
Nov 2005
mid 2006
NuSAG
HEPAP & NSAC
Double Beta Decay Exp’ts
Reactor and off-axis expt’s
Super nu beam options
Sep 1, 2005
Dec 2005
mid 2006
AARD
HEPAP
US Accel R&D program
July 2006
Dark Energy
Task Force
HEPAP & AAAC
Dark Energy techniques
Dec 2005
CMB Task Force
HEPAP & AAAC
Future CMB initiatives
July 11, 2005
ILC & LHC
HEPAP
ILC/LHC “synergy”
(short version sent to EPP2010)
July 27, 2005
HEP Resource
Working Group
HEPAP
Are there enough physicists to
rim the program?
Fall 2005
Department of Energy
NuSAG
Office of Science
•
Part of a new advisory process
– SAG’s to select “best in class”
– P5 to balance/prioritize areas
•
Neutrino Scientific Advisory Group (NuSAG) has been initiated
– Chaired by Gene Beier (Penn) and Peter Meyers (Princeton)
– Asked to address
• Choice of Reactor neutrino experiment
• Choice of Off-axis neutrino experiment
• Choice of neutrinoless double beta decay experiment
– Later, we will ask for action on high intensity neutrino beam(s).
•
NuSAG is a joint subpanel of HEPAP and NSAC (the Nuclear Science
Advisory Committee)
– Reports through HEPAP to DOE-HEP and NSF;
– through NSAC to DOE-Nuclear Physucs and NSF
We are considering how to set up an analogous SAG process for other scientific
topics such as dark matter, dark energy and particle astrophysics.
HEPAP Review of
Accelerator R&D Program
- specific charges
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Department of Energy
Office of Science
National Goals: Describe the needs and goals required for a rich and
productive future program in accelerator based particle physics
Scope: Description of current program
Quality:
– Appraisal of scientific and technical quality of work being supported
– How US effort rates relative to worldwide effort
Relevance:
– How well the work being supported matches the needs and goals of HEP
program
– Missing items? Over-emphasized or under supported areas?
Resources:
– Does the program have adequate resources to carry out the scope?
– Does the program make most efficient use of available resources?
Management:
– How well program is managed both in the field and in the agencies
– Setting goals, priorities, resource allocations, program balance &
reporting
Training: Is Training of future accelerator work force adequately addressed?
Department of Energy
We need your help
Office of Science
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We need you to help us make the case for particle physics
– Must be a strong, science-led case
– Need to show we can work together and set priorities
• P5, NUSAG
– Arguments need to be ones that resonate outside our community
• Hence the EPP2010 panel
– You can help!
• SLUO + Fermilab UEC visit to Washington
• Be proactive - in your universities (e.g. colloquia)
• And in your communities (e.g. local newspapers)
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The best way to make the case – through discoveries leading to
excitement
– Pretty sure this will happen at LHC…
– But wouldn’t it be better if it happened sooner
• for example here at SLAC (and at KEK), or at FNAL, CDMS –
over the next year
Department of Energy
Making the case
Office of Science
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The US will not be able to host the ILC unless there is an increase in
the resources available, both financial and people.
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It is therefore not enough to convince high energy physicists that this
is the best HEP project; we must also convince scientists in other
fields and the public that this is good science and well worth doing
– National Academies Panel EPP2010
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Need to do this in the context of the LHC
“We are building one big accelerator already.
Why do we need another one?”
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HEPAP Subpanel on the physics synergy of ILC and LHC
Department of Energy
One approach
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Office of Science
We need to educate people about the difference between
– discovering particles
• the LHC should be good at this
– discovering new theories or new symmetries of nature
• the ILC's role
Not very likely that the ILC will turn up completely new classes of
particles that have not been seen at LHC (though it might)
– Much more likely that the ILC will show how the new particles
come from a new symmetry or from a new kind of matter.
To some people, just making the new stuff is the discovery; the rest is
book-keeping.
How to explain that discovering the theory to fit all the new matter
together is not just book-keeping, it is the real profound change of our
worldview?
"Discovering new laws is more important
than simply discovering new particles."
Department of Energy
National Academies Panel
EPP2010
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A new “decadal survey”
Lay out the grand questions that are driving our field
Describe the opportunities that are ripe for discovery
Identify the tools that are necessary to achieve the scientific goals
Articulate the connections to other sciences and to society
Foster emerging worldwide collaboration
Recommend a 15 year implementation plan with realistic, ordered
priorities
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Not a typical high energy physics advisory panel. It includes
– Non-physicists
• Strengthen connections with other major parts of society
• Sharpen the physics questions and explanations
– Non-particle physicists
• Engage other scientific communities
– International participants
• Place US HEP in the international setting
www.nationalacademies.org/bpa/epp2010.html
Office of Science
Department of Energy
Safety
Safety Culture:
• Collection of enduring beliefs, values, and behaviors shared by
members (laboratory staff & users) of an organization
• Measured by people, processes, and values
– Represents behaviors new members are encouraged to follow
– Creates norms for accepted behavior
– Reinforces ideas and feelings that are consistent with
organization's beliefs
– Influences internal and external relations
– Affects individual performance, motivation, and goals as well as
innovation, decision making, communication, organizing,
measuring success and rewarding achievements
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Your safety ALWAYS comes first
You have to define safety as part of your job
Office of Science
Department of Energy
SLAC’s role
Office of Science
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As the preceding slides have probably made clear, these are
challenging times for the national High Energy Physics Program
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Some of these challenges are particularly the case at SLAC
– Big changes in the way of doing business
• Soon there will be no longer an on-site frontier HEP accelerator
– Dealing with the uncertainties in the future
• International Linear Collider timing, JDEM launch date…
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SLAC is and will remain a key part of the national HEP program.
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We want to work with you to incorporate SLAC’s plans into the
national program in a way that strengthens both.
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We will all have to work together to be efficient and focused in our use
of resources, targeting the right areas in the near term, and laying the
foundations for eventual growth – this will enable us to maintain a
world class HEP program in the US now and into the future
Department of Energy
Office of Science
Now happy to entertain questions, comments from the audience
Department of Energy
Office of Science
Backup
Department of Energy
Agencies
Advisory Committee Flow Chart
DOE-NP
NSF
DOE-HEP
Office of Science
Other agencies
HEPAP
NSAC
Other panels
P5

Strategy
EPP
2010
Tactics
future
NuSAG
Other SAG’s