Ch. 3 Science Need to Know Guide
Effects of Earth and the Moon
*During a solar eclipse, the Moon is between the Sun and Earth.
*During a lunar eclipse, the Moon is on the opposite side of the Earth (SunEarth-Moon).
*The equator is the imaginary line that circles Earth halfway between the
North Pole and South Pole.
*It takes the Earth 365 and ¼ days to revolve around the sun.
*The Chinese calendar is based mainly on the Moon’s phases.
*When it is summer in the Southern Hemisphere, it is winter in the Northern
Hemisphere.
*Our calendar is based on the calendar used by the ancient Romans.
*It is warmer at the equator since it receives almost direct sunlight.
*When a hemisphere tilts toward the sun, it is winter.
*The North and South Poles get the least amount of light from the Sun.
*The United States is in the Northern Hemisphere.
*A country near the equator has summer weather all year long.
*We have a leap year when an extra day has been added to the calendar.
*People in the past made up stories to explain eclipses because they didn’t
know what caused them.
*A calendar is used to keep track of the time of the year.
*Scientists are able to predict when an eclipse will occur.
*The tilt of Earth’s axis causes the seasons of the year.
*A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves between Earth and the Sun.
*Ancient Mayas accurately measured the Sun’s position in the sky.
*During a solar eclipse, the Sun seems to disappear.
*Summer months have more hours of daylight since the Sun’s path appears
highest in the sky.
*The Moon appears red during a lunar eclipse.
*People in northern Alaska have 24 hours of sunlight each day in the middle
of summer.
*During a solar eclipse, prominences around the edge of the Sun are visible.
*A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into Earth’s shadow.