Health Literacy
• Health Literacy: involves an individual’s
capacity to obtain, interpret and
understand basic health information and
services that will promote positive
__________and _____________.
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In order to be Health Literate, a person must be:
1. A _______________Thinker and Problem Solver
–
Can evaluate information and solve problems encountered
2. A Responsible, Productive _______________
–
Must make decisions that promote health to himself and
those around him
3. A _____________________________
–
–
Able to gather and use accurate information throughout life.
Able to gain knowledge based on issues that arise in
various times of life
4. An Effective ____________________
–
Can communicate knowledge and information to others in
variety of forms
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OUR GOAL……………
• Improved _____________________
The degree of overall satisfaction that a
person gets from life
So why has the emphasis of health shifted
from the absence of disease to a broader
focus on the person’s quality of life???
• length of ________________
• Conditions we live under
• Medical advances
• Improvements in _________________
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Life expectancy
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1900 ____________________47 years
1920 ____________________54.1 years
1940____________________62.9 years
1960____________________69.7 years
1980____________________73.7 years
1985____________________74.7 years
2006____________________77 years
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• Why is it easier to have a longer life in our
country vs. some other places in the world?
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/theworld-factbook/rankorder/2102rank.html
• So just what determines YOUR health and
wellness???
Mainly your ______________!
Today’s leading causes of _______ are
diseases that are strongly influenced by your
lifestyle.
In the early 1900’s the leading causes of
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diseases could be passed on from one person
Leading causes of death
1900
1. pneumonia/influenza
2. tuberculosis
3. Diseases of the stomach
4. Heart disease
5. Stroke
6. Kidney Disease
7. Accidents
8. Cancer
9. Childhood disease
10. Diptheria
Today
1. Heart disease
2. Cancer
3. Stroke
4. Accidents
5. Lung disease
6. pneumonia/influenza
7. diabetes
8. suicide
9. Liver disease
10. Atherosclerosis
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Health
• Health is not merely the Physical well-being
of an individual
• Health is the combination of your ……
_________________ health
_____________________ health
__________________ health
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HEALTH AND WELLNESS
THE VIEW OF WELLNESS AS A
COMBINATION OF ALL THREE IS
CALLED
_____________________ OF HEALTH!
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Physical Health
• Physical Health
– The way the parts of the body and systems of the
body work together
• When you are physically healthy, your body…
– Has the ability to ____________ with daily stresses
– Has the strength and energy to pursue physical
challenges and fight off ______________ and
________________________
– Has the strength and energy to deal with
mental, emotional and social changes in life
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Mental/Emotional Health
• ____________________
– Mental health includes:
– Your ability to meet the
demands of daily life.
• Your ability to use and develop
critical thinking skills
– People with good mental
health see…
• Learning new information
as a life process that is
_______________
• Making mistakes as a
chance to learn, grow,
and ________________
•
_______________________
– Emotional health includes:
• Your feelings about yourself
• How you relate to others
• Being in touch with your own
feelings
• Expressing your emotions in a
healthful way
– People with good emotional
health…
• Avoid negative thoughts
and emotions
• Consider all options and
situations, then rationally
expresses his/her emotions
in response to the situation
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Social Health
• Involves the way you
get along with others.
• Also involves:
– Your ability to make
and keep friends
– Your ability to
cooperate and
communicate with
others around you.
– It involves a constant
respect and sense of
responsibility for self
and others.
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Health Triangle
•In order to have optimal
health, a person must be
equally healthy in all three
areas of the triangle.
•When one side of the
triangle gets too much or
little attention, the triangle
becomes lopsided.
•To be truly healthy, you
need to keep all 3 sides of
your health triangle - and
your life - in balance
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Health Continuum
• Your health is dynamic (always changing)
• Your health is always changing its place
on the continuum
• From day to day (year to year), you
experience different levels of total health
NOTE: THIS CAN BE CONTROLLABLE
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The Health Continuum
Loss of Health Improved Health
and Wellness
and Wellness
Premature
Death
People on this side of the continuum usually do
not take responsibility for maintaining their own
health.
High Level of
Health
Many people
function
below the
midpoint line
People on this side of the continuum usually
exhibit a high degree of responsibility, discipline
and positive direction in life. They accept the
responsibility for maintaining their own health.
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Wellness
• WELLNESS – optimal health and vitality
encompassing all 3 areas of health.
Wellness
(+) Physical
Health
(+) Mental/
Emotional Health
(+) Social
Health
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Wellness
• A person with a balanced life is said to have a
high degree of wellness, or ________________.
• It comes from a way of living each day that
includes making decisions and practicing
behaviors that are based on sound health
knowledge and healthful attitudes.
• Achieving wellness is an ongoing, lifelong
commitment to physical, mental/emotional, and
social health.
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Our Goal
Optimal Health and Wellness
Healthy Eating Club, 2001
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Promoting Your Health
• In addition to becoming health literate,
there are 3 ways to promote your health
and wellness
–(+) ________________________
–(+) _______________________
–Prevention of Injury and _________
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(+) Lifestyle Factors
• Lifestyle factors: are personal behaviors and
habits related to the way that a person lives, that
helps to determine their health
• Seven (+) Lifestyle factors
1.Sleep 7-8 hours ________________
2.Eat nutritious foods from each of the
__________________________
3.Refrain from smoking, tobacco products and
those who do use those products
4.Eat breakfast ______________________
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+ Lifestyle Factors
5. Do 30 minutes of non-stop
physical activity at least ____ times
per week
6. Do not use alcohol or other drugs
7. Maintain recommended weight
HOW MANY OF THESE LIFESTYLE
FACTORS DO YOU FOLLOW?5.
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(+) Health Attitudes
• It is not enough to just KNOW what to do to stay
healthy.
• You must ________________ that there is some
benefit to good health habits and problems for
poor health habits.
• Studies have shown that people with (+)
attitudes are less likely to suffer injury and illness
than those who have (-) attitudes (STRESS)
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Prevention
• ____________________: practicing healthy habits
to keep a person well and free from disease and
other ailments
• Preventing injury and illness is the best way to
promote health
• Examples:
–
–
–
–
–
Wear seatbelt
Wear helmets
Apply sunscreen
Avoid dangerous situations/areas
Perform (+) lifestyle factors
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What are factors that can affect
your wellness?
_________________ –
• is an action or condition that increases the
likelihood of injury, disease, or negative
outcomes.
What are some common risk factors in
teenagers lives???
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Three categories of risk factors:
1. _______________ risk factors
2. _________________ risk factors
3. __________________ Risk Factors
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Three categories of risk factors:
1. Heredity risk factors –
to some extent, a person’s health is
determined at the time he is _________!
Inherited risk factors such as…
• High ________________
• _______________ cancer
• ________________ disease
Can you do anything about inherited risk
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factors?
2. ____________________ risk factors the surroundings in which one lives, both
physical and social. ________________
environment –
includes both your outdoor and indoor
environment. Things such as…..
• Air
• Water
• Sun (radiation)
• Loud noises
• Poisonous wastes
• Smoke filled room
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• Social Environment –
the people that you hang around with…your
family, friends, classmates.
• At your age, your friends have a great
influence on your level of wellness.
WHY???
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3. Behavioral Risk Factors. -__________
_______________________________
• They are often far more important to
your health than both heredity and
environmental risk factors.
• You alone decide which behavioral risk
factors you will face such as…
• Drugs, tobacco, foods, keeping anger
and strong feelings bottled up inside,
not taking time to relax
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Taking responsibility for your health
• You are at the age where you have more
control over your life than at any earlier
age.
Three most common causes of teenage
death are not due to illness.
Do you know the top three? (Hint: all three
are linked to behavioral risk factors.)
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Three most common causes of
teenage death are:
• A_________________
• S______________
– H_________________
What risk behavior is common to all three?
S____________________________
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• The practice of __________________, or the
practice of healthy behaviors can help keep a
person free of disease and other health
problems
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How can you make changes for
your health?
1. _____________________ –
you must be aware of potential health
problems such as health concerns that
run in your family’s history. Or, recognize
unhealthy signs and see a doctor for
treatment
2. _______________ –
once you become aware of health
problems, learn some of the facts about it!
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3. Decision Making –
even with awareness and knowledge, it is
not always easy to decide on the best
course of action. Consider your values – the
standards and beliefs that are important to
you.
4. Apply the skill by practicing it.
Make it a habit, such as daily exercise,
healthy food choices, healthy ways to
release anger…
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Decisions, Decisions,
Decisions
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Decision Making and Goal Setting
• When you make decisions or set goals,
you are experiencing power over how
healthy, happy and productive you can be.
• Making responsible decisions and setting
MEANINGFUL goals are important skills
that can promote ____________________
___________________________________
_
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Decision Making Skills
Decision Making Skills:
– steps that _____________________ you to
make a healthful decision.
These steps are designed to protect your
rights and
health while respecting the rights and health
of
others around you.
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Decision Making Skill
• Define the problem
• Explore the alternatives
• Consider the consequences
Identify your values
• Decide and act on decision
• Evaluate the result
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DECIDE
• DEFINE THE PROBLEM:
– What are you trying to DECIDE?
– State the issue clearly
– Is it important and complex enough?
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DECIDE
• EXPLORE THE ALTERNATIVES:
– List all of the possible choices you could
make to solve the problem
– “Doing nothing” can be an alternative to
explore
– Make sure choices are realistic
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DEC IDE
• CONSIDER THE CONSEQUENCES:
Use the word HELP to guide your choices:
– H (Healthful)- What health risks will this option
present, if
any?
– E (Ethical)- Does this choice reflect what you and
your
family believe is right?
– L (Legal)- Does this option violate any local, state or
federal
laws?
– P (Parent Approval)- Would your parents or guardians
approve of this choice?
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DECIDE
• IDENTIFY YOUR VALUES:
– The things you believe in strongly affect how
you live your life
– May or may not influence decisions
– Overlooking values may lead to
uncomfortable feelings about decision
later
– Consider long term goals as well as beliefs of
family, religion, and community
– Which choice is most in line with your values?42
DECIDE
• DECIDE AND ACT:
– Compare the alternatives
– Choose the alternative that is best for you
– There may be more than one “right” choice
– Act on the decision by breaking it down into
smaller steps and setting realistic deadlines
for each step
– Follow through with your plan
– Your decision should not be Impulsive!
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DECIDE
• EVALUATE THE RESULTS:
– After decision has been put into effect take
time to review it, how did it work out?
– How has it affected your life?
– How has it affected others?
– What did you learn?
– If you could do it over again, would you do it
differently?
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