Spring Final Exam Review: Chapters 7, 10, 11, 13, 14, 12, 15, 9, 16
100 multiple choice questions; You need to know:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
What is the corpus callosum?
The function of the cerebellum?
The function of the interneuron?
What are ganglia?
The events, in order, of a nerve impulse.
What is a neurotransmitter?
What part of the brain is responsible for speech?
The function of the hypothalamus? (nervous system)
The function of the medulla oblongata?
The order/sequence of nerves as they exit the spinal cord.
What hormone controls the rate of erythrocyte production?
What protein coagulates to form a clot?
What is agglutination?
The prevalence, in order, of all leukocytes (the monkey pneumonic)
Why applying sterile gauze helps a cut?
What is coagulation?
What organ synthesizes clotting factors?
Blood typing/transfusion rules.
What is hemolysis?
What serum is used to prevent sensitization to Rh antigens?
What is systemic circulation?
What vessel nourishes the myocardium with oxygenated blood?
What is the SA node?
What structures (in veins) prevent backflow?
The function of the superior and inferior vena cavae.
What vessel drains the digestive organs of blood for transport to the liver?
The relationship between blood pressure/osmotic pressure and fluids at the capillary bed.
The path of an impulse via the intrinsic conduction system of the heart.
What do “lub” and “dup” represent?
Layers of a typical blood vessel- in order.
The serous membrane layers of the lungs.
What comprises the respiratory zone?
What is external respiration?
What is formed when carbon dioxide is dissolved in water?
What brain structures control respiratory and breathing rates?
What is the pathway for airflow through the respiratory system?
How are oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanged through the respiratory membrane?
What lipid molecule is critical to lung function at the alveolar surfaces?
What is a collapsed lung?
How is carbon dioxide most often transported in blood plasma?
What effect does hydrochloric acid have on pepsinogen?
What designates the proximal and distal ends of the small intestine?
The functions of the small intestine.
The purpose of mastication?
What process moves food along the digestive tract?
What primarily controls digestion?
What are the constituents of pancreatic juice?
What is the function of Peyer’s patches?
What is the importance of Intrinsic factor?
What are rugae?
51. What is complement fixation?
52. What is the function of the spleen?
53. What is the body’s first line of defense?
54. What are interferons?
55. What is an antigen?
56. What is another name for Killer T cells?
57. The function of the adaptive defense system.
58. How humoral immunity is provided.
59. How plasma cells assist with humoral immunity.
60. What results from a foreign blood type transfusion?
61. The functional unit of the kidney.
62. Where is filtrate captured when first filtered?
63. What is found in filtrate?
64. What is the trigone?
65. The two urethral sphincters and their functions.
66. What mechanism makes us want and drink water.
67. What cells in the hypothalamus react to changes in blood composition to release ADH?
68. How the kidneys use the buffer system and buffer molecules to control pH.
69. What is the capillary bed surrounding the renal tubule?
70. All of the sections of the renal tubule.
71. What is the role of angiotensin II in blood pressue regulation?
72. Why the urinary bladder is able to expand as it fills.
73. What is the renal hilum?
74. What extension of the aorta brings blood into the kidneys?
75. What are the two functions of the male urethra?
76. What system do water-soluble hormones use to activate target cells?
77. What is the body’s major metabolic hormone?
78. Why is iodine important to the diet?
79. What enzyme do the kidneys release to stimulate the release of aldosterone?
80. Which hormone decreases blood glucose levels?
81. What endocrine gland has a close relationship with the hypothalamus?
82. What hormone is released as a result of the “fight or flight” response?
83. How alcohol causes dehydration.
84. What are mineralocorticoids and what they regulate?
85. What are the male sex hormones?
86. What is the function of beta and alpha cells?
87. What is the function of melatonin?
88. What hormone allows T cells to gain immunocompetency?
89. What do tropic hormones do?
90. How do releasing/inhibiting hormones of the hypothalamus work?
91. What is the function of the testes?’
92. The anatomical location of the prostate.
93. The function of the prostate.
94. What activates sperm and where does it come from?
95. How to trace the pathway of sperm during ejaculation.
96. What female reproductive organs produce.
97. The function of the fallopian tubes.
98. The function of the endometrium and what happens to it.
99. The effects of estrogen.
100. The effect of oxytocin.