MUNICH RE TOOLS FOR STANDARDISED NAT CAT
DATA COLLECTION AND HAZARD MAPPING
2nd Conference of the OECD International Network on the Financial Management of Large
Scale Catastrophes
Peter Hoeppe
Geo Risks Research/Corporate Climate Centre
Munich Re NatCatSERVICE – One of the world‘s most
comprehensive databases on natural catastrophes

From 1980 until today all loss events

For USA and selected countries in Europe all loss events since 1970

Retrospectively all Great Natural Catastrophes since 1950

In addition all major historical events starting from 79 AD – eruption of Mt.Vesuvio (3,000 historical data
sets)

Currently more than 26,000 events documented
Natural catastrophes 2008
Earthquake, tsunami,
volcanic eruption
Storm
Flood
Extreme temperature
(heat wave, forest fires)
Great natural catastrophes:
Earthquake China
Hurricane Ike
Cyclone Nargis
Winter damage China
© 2009 Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, Geo Risks Research, NatCatSERVICE. As at June 2009
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Breakdown into catastrophe categories
Catastrophe class
Overall losses
Loss profile
1980s*
1990s*
2000 – 2008*
and/or
fatalities
0
Natural event
No property damage
-
-
-
none
1
Small-scale loss event
Small-scale property
damage
-
-
-
1-9
2
Moderate loss event
Moderate property and
structural damage
-
-
-
> 10
3
Severe catastrophe
Severe property,
infrastructure and
structural damage
US$ >25m
US$ > 40m
US$ > 50m
> 20
4
Major catastrophe
Major property,
infrastructure and
structural damage
US$ > 85m
US$ > 160m
US$ > 200m
> 100
5
Devastating
catastrophe
Devastating losses
within the affected
region
US$ > 275m
US$ > 400m
US$ > 500m
> 500
6
Great natural
catastrophe
„GREAT disaster“
Region’s ability to help itself clearly overtaxed, interregional/international assistance necessary,
thousands of fatalities and/or hundreds of thousands homeless, substantial economic losses
(UN definition). Insured losses reach exceptional orders of magnitude.
* Losses adjusted to the decade average.
© 2009 Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, Geo Risks Research, NatCatSERVICE. As at June 2009
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Entry details: example Hurrikan Ike
Separate entries for the affected countries
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Entry details: example Hurrican Ike
Affected
people
Affected
buildings
Affected
infrastructure
Affected lines
of business
Number of fatalities
Event description
© 2009 Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, Geo Risks Research, NatCatSERVICE. As at June 2009
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Example: Hurrican Ike - Damages
30/o09/2008
Overall losses
Insured losses
Munich Re share
Additional loss information
© 2009 Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, Geo Risks Research, NatCatSERVICE. As at June 2009
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Methodology
Expert Consultation
CRED
Harmonizing terminology of
disaster perils
Participants
Regina Below
CRED
EM-Dat
Susanna
Schwarz
Swiss Re
sigma
Hajime Nakano
ADRC
GLIDE
Julio Serge
UNDP
DesInventar
Angelika Wirtz
Petra Löw
Munich Re
NatCatSERVICE
© 2009 Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, Geo Risks Research, NatCatSERVICE. As at June 2009
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Structure – peril families
Family
Geophysical
Meteorological
Main event
Sub Peril
Earthquake
Earthquake (Ground shaking)
Volcanic eruption
Fire following
Mass movement dry
Tsunami
Hydrological
Volcanic eruption
Climatological
Subsidence
Rockfall
Landslide
© 2009 Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, Geo Risks Research, NatCatSERVICE. As at June 2009
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Structure – peril families
Family
Main event
Sub Peril
Tropical cyclone
Geophysical
Meteorological
Winter storm (extratropical cyclone)
Storm
Tempest/Severe storm
Hail storm
Hydrological
Lightning
Tornado
Climatological
Local windstorm (orographic storm)
Sandstorm/Dust storm
Blizzard/Snowstorm
© 2009 Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, Geo Risks Research, NatCatSERVICE. As at June 2009
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Structure – peril families
Family
Main event
Sub Peril
General flood
Geophysical
Flash flood
Storm surge
Meteorological
Flood
Hydrological
Climatological
Glacial lake outburst flood
Mass movement wet
Subsidence
Avalanche
Landslide
© 2009 Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, Geo Risks Research, NatCatSERVICE. As at June 2009
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Structure – peril families
Family
Main event
Sub Peril
Heat wave
Geophysical
Cold wave / frost
Extreme winter conditions
Meteorological
Hydrological
Extreme temperature
Drought
Drought
Climatological
Wildfire
Wildfire
Unspecified
© 2009 Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, Geo Risks Research, NatCatSERVICE. As at June 2009
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Sources
Insurance
Science
Government,
UN, EU, NGOs
News-Agencies
Meteorological
Services
© 2009 Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, Geo Risks Research, NatCatSERVICE. As at June 2009
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Great natural catastrophes 1950 – 2008
Percentage distribution worldwide
285 Loss events
2,000,000 Fatalities
6%
6%
28%
4%
25%
53%
37%
41%
Overall losses* US$ 1,970bn
6% 5%
7%
22%
38%
Geophysical events
(Earthquake, tsunami,
volcanic eruption)
Insured losses* US$ 410bn
80%
33%
*in 2008 values
Meteorological events
(Storm)
9%
*in 2008 values
Hydrological events
(Flood, mass movement)
© 2009 Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, Geo Risks Research, NatCatSERVICE. As at June 2009
Climatological events
(Extreme temperature,
drought, forest fire)
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Services & Analysis
Thematic maps
© 2009 Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, Geo Risks Research, NatCatSERVICE. As at June 2009
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Download-Center
2008:
30 000 Downloads
There are 50 documents available in each language version
© 2009 Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, Geo Risks Research, NatCatSERVICE. As at June 2009
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Access&User
Clients
Analysts, investors
Staff
General public
NatCatSERVICE
Science
Political committees
© 2009 Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, Geo Risks Research, NatCatSERVICE. As at June 2009
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NATHAN
Web-based tool for risk analysis on natural perils worldwide plus
additional information on major disasters and country profiles
© 2009 Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, Geo Risks Research, NatCatSERVICE. As at June 2009
26.07.2016
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Services
NATHAN - loss information
© 2009 Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, Geo Risks Research, NatCatSERVICE. As at June 2009
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World Map of Natural Hazards/Globe of Natural
Hazards – DVD / Wall map / Folding map
19
Globe of Natural Hazards 2009 – Products
Wall map/Folding map – World Map of Natural Hazards
Globe of Natural Hazards 2009 – Products
DVD – Globe of Natural Hazards
Globe of Natural Hazards 2009
What is new?
Knowledge in a
state of flux
All global hazard maps have been updated
Globe of Natural Hazards 2009
What is new?
New hazards
Topics like flood and climate change are fully integrated
Globe of Natural Hazards 2009
What is new?
Hazard pointer
Power function supplies quick information on situation regarding
natural hazards and climate change for any location on earth
Globe of Natural Hazards 2009
What is new?
View from space
Knowledge can be displayed with a satellite image in the
background
Globe of Natural Hazards 2009
What is new?
Networked
knowledge
Complex topics like risk management of natural hazards and climate
change are linked in a sophisticated manner
Global Earthquake Model (GEM)
Features
An internationally sanctioned program initiated by
the OECD, aiming to build an independent, open
standard to calculate and communicate earthquake
risk around the world
Dynamic: an (updatable) model, not a map
Global: covers also less developed/monitored areas according to
uniform standards
Open Access: a (transparent) tool to use for everybody
Public Private Partnership: combining the strenghts of both
sectors
GEM: A Public-Private Partnership
Intergovernmental
and
Governmental
Leading
Scientific Institutes
EU
Zurich
Industry
International
Scientific
Organisations
GEM goals
GEM is not an academic exercise. The goal is to
convert “knowledge into action”.
=> Assess and monitor risk globally,
especially in less well served regions
=> Raise risk awareness
=> Stimulate risk mitigation
=> Save lives, reduce losses and distribute the financial
burden
To achieve GEM’s goals we need “local champions”
GEM Setup
GEM integrates developments at the forefront of seismological and
engineering knowledge in three interconnected modules
HAZARD
 Probability of
earthquake
occurrence
 Probability of
ground motion
Earthquake probabilities
Building Code input
RISK
• Building
inventories
• Vulnerabilities
• Probability of
damage
• Probability of
loss of lives
Earthquake impact
User awareness of risk
SOCIOECONOMIC
IMPACT
€
• Probability of direct
financial loss
• Probability of
indirect financial
loss
Financial tools
Cost-Benefit Analysis
GEM Funding Scheme
5-yr Build-up phase: 35 m€
• Secretariat and global infrastructure
• Global components
• Regional implementation
Annual maintenance and operation: 2 m€/yr
5m€
15m€
15m€
Founding sponsor, Munich Re
Other sponsors (in progress)
Public Funds (in progress)
THANK YOU!