Lab 4 – Don’t Forget Me: User Manual
Don’t Forget Me Development Team
CS411
Janet Brunelle
April 23, 2008
Don’t Forget Me - Lab 4
Table of Contents
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Introduction (David) ................................................................................................... 1
Product Overview (David) .......................................................................................... 1
Product Features (Daniel) ......................................................................................... 13
3.1
DFM Virtual Instrument (VI) GUI ................................................................... 16
3.2
Motion Sensor ................................................................................................... 17
Getting Started (David) ............................................................................................... 2
4.1
Hardware ............................................................................................................. 2
4.2
Software .............................................................................................................. 3
Prototype Procedures (Hernan) ................................................................................... 3
4.1 Initialization Procedure ............................................................................................. 4
4.2 Activation Procedure ................................................................................................ 7
4.3 The Running State..................................................................................................... 8
4.4 Termination Procedure............................................................................................ 11
Error Messages (Brandon) ........................................................................................ 13
6.1
Errors by message ............................................................................................. 21
6.2
Errors by action number.................................................................................... 22
Troubleshooting (Brandon) ....................................................................................... 23
References ................................................................................................................. 26
List of Figures
Figure 1. DFM system prototype major functional component diagram ......................... 14
Figure 2. The DFM system VI simulated signal ...............Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3. The DFM system VI real sensor signal ..............Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 4. The DFM system VI no signal ...........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 5. The DFM system VI force on signal ..................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 6. LabView run button ...........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 7. DFM system Danger Level indicator .................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 8. The DFM system VI microphone graph example ............ Error! Bookmark not
defined.
Figure 9. The DFM system VI life detection sensors light indicators .... Error! Bookmark
not defined.
Figure 10. The DFM system VI temperature sensor and key fob ... Error! Bookmark not
defined.
Figure 11. The DFM system VI preempt switch ...............Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 12. LabView pause button .....................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 13. LabView stop button ........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 14. The DFM system VI reset button (light on). ....Error! Bookmark not defined.
List of Tables
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Table 1. Error Messages ................................................................................................... 21
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1 Introduction (David)
Welcome to the Don’t Forget Me system (DFM System) prototype. We thank
you for your support in the prototype possess. This document includes an overview of
the DFM system and the functional systems therein. It also includes information on how
to use the prototype, what testing should be done, and troubleshooting information. Again
we thank you for your interest in the DFM system prototype.
2 Product Overview (David)
The DFM system is a life saving tool utilizing sensor technology designed to
prevent an occupant from being left behind in a vehicle. The system will be implemented
into vehicles at the time of their manufacture. It will most likely be powered off the
internal car battery, but this will be left up to the manufacturer. In a vehicle installed
with a DFM system, it will be active at any time the car is parked, including when the car
itself is off. Utilizing hardware sensors such as a pressure sensor, a motion sensor, and a
heartbeat sensor, the software algorithm will calculate the probability of an occupant
being in the seat. It will also calculate how far the driver is from the vehicle by
measuring the signal strength of a transmitter on the vehicle key (Ballentine, David
2008).
When the DFM system concludes that there is an occupant in the seat, and if the
driver is more than twenty feet away from the vehicle, the vehicle’s alarm will sound.
There is the option to temporarily disable the alarm. A switch on the occupant’s seat will
turn off the alarm. The driver or a child old enough can activate this switch. The
deactivation of the switch will cause the system to enter standby mode. It will continue
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to monitor the occupant, as well as the conditions inside the car. If the conditions
become too hostile, the alarm will sound again. This time it will not be possible to turn
the alarm off without the occupant being removed from the vehicle (Ballentine, David
2008).
3 Getting Started (David)
This section discusses the steps to get started in running the DFM system
prototype. The main steps are broken down into two categories. The first category is the
hardware aspect and what must be done with the hardware to get the prototype set up.
The second category is the software aspect.
3.1 Hardware
Before the prototype can be run, certain hardware dependencies must be correctly
assembled. The main hardware is the sensors used within the prototype. As the sensors
can also be simulated, the connection of the actual hardware sensors is optional, but
required if you want to check the hardware functionality of that particular sensor. The
DAQ must also be connected to the compliant computer correctly. The following steps
must be taken.
Step 1: Ensure the computer used is in proper working order.
Step 2: Connect the motion sensor to the DAQ.
Step 3: Connect the temperature sensor to the DAQ.
Step 4: Connect the pulse sensor to the DAQ.
Step 5: Connect the RF receiver to the DAQ.
Step 8: Connect the microphone to the computer
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Step 9: Connect the DAQ to the computer via USB.
3.2 Software
After the hardware is correctly installed, the software must be initiated. The DFM
Prototype runs inside LabVIEW. The following steps must be taken.
Step 1: Correctly install LabVIEW onto the computer.
Step 2: Update the computer with the DAQ drivers.
Step 3: Ensure the prototype file DFM.vi is on the computer.
Step 4: Run LabVIEW and open the prototype VI file.
Step 5: Ensure all the sensor VI’s are correctly loaded.
Step 6: Ensure the CarHorn.wav file is available in the prototype directory.
Step 7: Ensure the CarHorn.wav file is correctly linked in the prototype.
Step 8: Ensure there are log files for every sensor created.
Step 9: Ensure the sensor log files are correctly referenced in the prototype.
4 Prototype Procedures (Hernan)
This section demonstrates the procedure of how to operate the DFM system
prototype GUI. The procedure is divided into four different parts: initialization
procedure, activation procedure, the running state, and termination procedure of the DFM
system VI. The following are procedures of how to operate the GUI.
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4.1 Initialization Procedure
1.
To select a simulated sensor, select the radio button that says, “Simulated”. The
VI will generate random numbers meant to match the actual hardware. Figure X
shows a panel where simulated signal has been selected.
Figure X. The DFM system VI simulated signal
2. To select a real sensor, select the radio button that says, “Real”. The VI will use
the data is generated from the actual hardware device. Figure X shows a panel
where the real signal has been selected.
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Figure X. The DFM system VI real sensor signal
3. To force a sensor to indicate that life is detected, select the radio button that says,
“Force On”. It will set the sensor data value to 100, which is high enough to make
all the sensors life detection value positive. Figure X shows a panel where force
on has been selected.
Figure X. The DFM system VI force on signal
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4. To turn off a sensor, select the radio button that says, “Force Off”. It will set the
sensor data value to zero. Figure X shows no signal has been chosen.
Figure X. The DFM system VI force off signal
5. To disable a sensor, select the radio button that says, “Disable”. The VI will not
produce any signals to the sensor. Figure X shows no signal has been chosen.
Figure X. The DFM system VI disable signal
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4.2 Activation Procedure
1. Click the “Run” button on the toolbar.
Figure X. LabView run button
2. The program will continue running until the danger level reaches a value greater
than five. The alarm will then activate and the alarm light will turn on. Figure X
shows an example where the danger level is greater than five.
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Figure X. DFM system Danger Level indicator
3. To restart the system, select the “Reset” button. Make sure that the reset light is
off, which means reset has been done or there is no need to reset the system,
before running the VI again. Figure X shows that reset light is off, which indicate
that the VI is ready to run again.
Figure X. The DFM system VI reset button (light off).
4.3 The Running State
1. To view each sensor’s data in the form of a graph, click the tab on the graph
display. Figure X shows an example of the simulated microphone data graph.
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Figure X. The DFM system VI microphone graph example
2. All sensors and the key fob can be switched to the simulated, real, off, or force on
state from their current state while the VI is running.
3. A life detection sensor light indicator is turned on when a sensor has detected life;
otherwise, the light is off. Figure X shows an example where microphone and C02
sensors have detected life; however, the pulse, motion, and pressure sensors have
not detected life.
Figure X. The DFM system VI life detection sensors light indicators
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4. The temperature sensor light indicator turns on when temperature is above 89 °F;
however, the key fob light indicator is turned on when the key fob reading is
above one. If the temperature sensor and the key fob are both simulated or real,
then either one of them that goes beyond the predefined limit first will activate the
alarm, of course unless the danger level is 5 or below. Figure X shows an
example of both sensors that are simulated and neither is activated. The system
will only activate the alarm if the danger level is above five and either is on.
Figure X. The DFM system VI temperature sensor and key fob
5. To ignore the key fob reading, turn on “Preempt” switch.
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Figure X. The DFM system VI preempt switch
6. To pause the VI, click the “Pause” button on the toolbar.
Figure X. LabView pause button
4.4 Termination Procedure
To terminate the running VI, click the “Stop” button on the toolbar.
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Figure X. LabView stop button
1. Normally after termination, the reset light remains on. The reset light turns on to
remind the user that the system must be reset before running again, so make sure
to reset the system every time the reset light remains on. Just click the reset
button to reset the alarm setting. Once the reset button is selected, the light will
turn off. Figure X shows that the system needs to be reset before running again.
Figure X. The DFM system VI reset button (light on).
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5 Product Features (Daniel)
You will find descriptions of the major components of the Don’t Forget Me
(DFM) system prototype in this section. The individual components make up the major
functional component diagram for the DFM system. The listed components include:
DFM interface, motion sensor, pulse oximeter, CO2 sensor, temperature sensor,
microphone, pressure sensor, and blue tooth transmitter and receiver. The Major
Functional Component Diagram (MFCD) for the DFM system can be seen in figure 1.
The environment sensor utilized in the DFM system can be seen in figure 2. A thermistor
senses the temperature within the compartment of the vehicle. The life detection sensors
consist of CO2 sensor, pressure sensor, microphone, motion sensor, and pulse oximeter.
The sensors can be seen in figure 3.
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Figure 1. DFM system prototype major functional component diagram
Figure 2-Environmental sensor for the DFM system
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Figure 3-Occupancy detection sensors for the DFM system
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5.1 DFM Virtual Instrument (VI) GUI
The DFM GUI is an interface used for the purpose of demonstrating and testing
the DFM system. It has the capability of turning on the components individually. It also
includes graphical components for interpreting the outputs for each sensor.
1.1. Turn on each component individually: This feature allows the user to turn on
or off any of the sensors and the key fob. There is a panel for each component
giving the capability of simulating the component, turning on the real
component, turning off the component, and force the component on. For the
simulated sensor, a set of random data points between a predefined range will be
generated to provide a simulated sensor.
1.2. Capable of preempting system: This feature allows the end user to preempt the
DFM system to prevent the alarm from going off. This feature is overridden
when the temperature is in a safe state. There will be instances when someone
will leave the vehicle, leaving an occupant behind in the vehicle. One example of
this is when the driver wants to pump gas in the car.
1.3. Reset feature: This feature allows the end user to reset the DFM system. The
reset button when turned on will reinitialize the DFM system. If an occupant
and/or unsafe conditions are detected, the alarm will sound until the system is
reset.
1.4. Numeric Display: Numeric data fields are given for each component to provide
accurate readings in order determine the actual value returned from the sensor.
All numeric fields are read only. Every component has a numeric field display
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including a numeric field for the displaying the danger level. All signal values
have a precision of three decimal places.
1.5. Light Emitting Diode (LED) Display: LED components are utilized in the
DFM interface to provide a visual of when the occupancy sensors: detect an
occupant; key fob is not detected; and when unsafe conditions are detected.
There will also be LEDs provided to show when the system and/or alarm is on.
1.6. Amplitude vs. Time Graph: A graphical chart provides a visual display of data
that otherwise would be presented in a text. A chart conveys ideas about the data
that would not be readily apparent if they were displayed as text. Charts are
provided for the microphone, CO2 sensor, motion sensor, pressure sensor, key
fob, and temperature sensor. Each chart can be selected by selecting the indicated
tab. Each chart is plotted by amplitude vs. time.
5.2 Motion Sensor
The motion sensor utilized in the prototype features an ultrasonic motion sensor
included in an ultrasonic movement detector kit. The kit is assembled and soldered
together. The circuit uses a matched pair of 40 kHz transducer elements to detect
movement up to 22 feet away. An LED is included for movement indication. Sensitivity
is adjustable via control. To provide maximum stability, a Crystal locked circuit is used.
The motion detector will be utilized to indicate if a movement of one inch or more has
been detected which indicates occupancy.
2. CO2 Sensor: The prototype does not include a real CO2 sensor a feature, but does
provide the means for easily attaching a CO2 sensor for testing and demonstrating. A
CO2 sensor sub VI is incorporated into the main DFM VI so the end user can connect
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the device to an open channel on the Data Acquisition System (DAQ). Furthermore,
the CO2 sensor can be simulated via the sensor panel on the DFM interface.
3. Temperature Sensor: For measuring linear temperature change, a linear thermister
will be utilized for the temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is a key feature in
order to detect harmful conditions in which the car can acquire extreme temperature
changes that can be harmful to living things. The thermistor sensor includes two
thermistor elements that when used with a resistor set will provide linear resistance
output over a specific temperature range
4. Pressure Sensor: The prototype does not include a real pressure sensor as a feature,
but does provide the means for easily attaching a pressure sensor for testing and
demonstrating purposes. A pressure sensor sub VI is written into the main DFM VI so
the end user can connect the device to an open channel on the DAQ. Furthermore, the
pressure sensor can be simulated via the sensor panel on the DFM interface.
5. Pulse Oximeter: The pulse oximeter is a feature included to indicate life detected
within the compartment of a vehicle. The pulse oximeter is used to simulate a
heartbeat sensor. The pulse oximeter indirectly measures the oxygen saturation of a
patient's blood sample and any changes in blood volume. It has a small photodiode.
This is part of a clip that is attached to an individual’s finger. Using the ratio of
absorption of light, the oxy/deoxyhemoglobin ratio can be calculated. Normal ranges
are from 90 % to 100 %.
6. Microphone: The capability of detecting noise is a feature of the DFM system. A
computer microphone is used for noise detection. The microphone will check the
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intensity of noise in the vehicle. In the event that the noise is above a predefined
decibel level, the signal from the microphone will indicate life.
7. Blue Tooth Transmitter and Receiver: A Bluetooth transmitter and receiver are
utilized in order to simulate a key fob and is a feature included in the DFM system
prototype. Bluetooth is a short-range radio frequency (RF) technology that operates at
2.4 GHz and is capable of transmitting voice and data. The effective range of
Bluetooth devices is 32 feet (10 meters). The transmitter sends a signal when life has
been detected or unsafe conditions has been detected. The receiver will then receive
the signal and sound off an alarm.
8. Produce a Car Alarm Sound: An alarm is a feature provided in the DFM system
prototype. The car alarm will be represented by a car alarm wave file. The wave file
will be executed every time life or unsafe conditions has been determined.
9. Detecting Occupancy: For providing occupancy detection, an array of sensors is
utilized and a life detection algorithm is used. The life detection sensors include:
motion, pulse oximeter, microphone, CO2, and pressure. Each sensor has a preassigned value. By summing the values from all of the sensors, a total value of five or
higher will indicate that life has been detected. The values assigned to each sensor
includes: a 4 for the pulse oximeter sensor, a 3 for the motion and CO2 sensor, 2 for
the pressure sensor, and 1 for the microphone. When life has been determined a signal
is sent from the Bluetooth transmitter to the Bluetooth receiver then generating an
alarm.
10. Detecting Unsafe Conditions: For detecting unsafe conditions, a temperature sensor
is utilized along with an unsafe condition algorithm. The temperature sensor will
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constantly monitor the temperature with the compartment of the vehicle and look for
temperatures rising above 89 º F and temperatures below 31º F. The environment is
determined hazardous, if the temperature meets this requirement. After unsafe
conditions are determined, the transmitter will send a signal to the receiver
representing the key fob, and sounds an alarm simulated by a car alarm wave file.
6 Error Messages (Brandon)
All error messages generated by the DFM system are strictly related to
configuration and setup of the system. Since user input is restricted to a set of predefined
states in the DFM algorithm, it is unlikely that the user will encounter a system error on a
properly configured system. This section describes errors that the DFM system may
produce.
(This space intentionally left blank.)
Action
Error Message
1. Log file not found or present
“Error 1 occurred at Set File Position in log.vi->
on the system.
Pressure.vi->DFM.vi”
2. Alarm sound file not found
“Error 7 occurred at Sound File Read Open.vi->Sound
or present on the system.
File Info (path).vi->Alarm.vi->DFM.vi,”
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3. Microphone device not found
“Error 4800 occurred at Sound Input Configure.vi
->Continuous Sound Input.vi”
or connected.
4. Too few sensors are active to
“Error 5000 Not enough sensors connected to detect life.”
detect life.
5. Both the temperature sensor
“Error 5001 Driver and temperature detection not
and key fob detection has
possible.”
been shut off.
6. The DAQ has been
“Error 201003 occured at DAQmx Create Channel
disconnected or not present
(AI-Voltage-Basic).vi”
on the system.
Table 1. Error Messages
6.1
Errors by message

Error 1: This error means that a file is not present on the system that the DFM
system needs to run. This error is most likely to occur when a log file for a
particular sensor cannot be found. Either the path to the file is incorrect or the file
has been deleted.

Error 7: This error means that the sound file that the alarm system uses is not
present on the system. Either the path to the file is incorrect or the file has been
deleted.

Error 4800: This error message means that the microphone cannot be found on the
system. If the computer needs an external microphone it should be connected. If
there is an internal microphone the drivers must be properly installed.
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
Error 5000: This error means that too many sensors are deactivated for the life
detection value to be 6 or higher. Therefore no combination of life detection
sensors will be able to detect an occupant.

Error 5001: This error means that both the temperature sensor and the key fob
device are disabled. The DFM will be unable to determine if the situation is
dangerous despite the life detection value.

Error 201003: This error means that the DAQ is not detected and therefore cannot
be used with the DFM system. The correct DAQ drivers must be installed and the
DAQ must be properly connected to the computer.
6.2
Errors by action number
1. Log file not found or present on the system. A log file must be created for one of
the sensors. The DFM system will not run unless a blank or non-blank log file for
each sensor is present. The system will halt and must be restarted.
2. Alarm sound file not found or present on the system. This error will only occur
when the alarm system tries to activate. The path to the sound file must be
correctly defined and the sound file must be present on the system. The system
will halt and must be restarted.
3. Microphone device not found or connected. The error will only occur when the
user select the real microphone. This error will not occur if an external
microphone is connected to the computer the DFM system is running on and the
drivers for the microphone are correctly installed. The system will halt and must
be restarted.
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4. Too few sensors are active to detect life. This error will occur if there are too few
sensors active for the life detection value to be 5 or greater. The system will halt
and must be restarted.
5. Both the temperature sensor and key fob detection has been shut off. If both
devices are disabled the system will be incapable to detecting a dangerous
situation. The system will halt and must be restarted.
6. The DAQ has been disconnected or not present on the system. A DAQ must be
present and connected to the computer. The DAQ configurations must be
corrected to reflect the DAQ connected to the computer. The system will halt and
must be restarted.
7 Troubleshooting (Brandon)
This section attempts to address common concerns a user may have regarding the
DFM system. The concerns user may have are written in query form. The solutions were
compiled by the DFM developers, and should give the user a better understanding of the
DFM system.

Vehicle Owner
o Problem: When I start my car a light comes on with the logo of the
Don't Forget Me system. It stays on until I take my keys out of the
ignition. Is this supposed to happen?
o Solution: The Don't Forget Me system is designed to bother the driver as
seldom as possible. If the system light is alerting the driver it can only be
because the system is in need of servicing. Please consult your
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automotive dealer to have your system repaired.
o Problem: What do I do once the alarm system is activated?
o Solution: To deactivate the alarm system, depress the reset switch at the
rear of the vehicle. If the emergency situation is not resolved the alarm is
be activated again in 15 seconds.
o Problem: I often drive with others who are perfectly capable of
leaving the car when the temperature becomes dangerous. Sometimes
I must leave adult passengers in the car so that I can perform a task
as they wait. Unfortunately, the alarm activates each time I leave the
car. Is there a way I can shut the system off so it does not bother me
about my passengers?
o Solution: The DFM system was designed to help those who are incapable
of leaving when the situation becomes dangerous. If the driver sincerely
believes the passenger is capable of leaving the vehicle on their own they
may use the “preemptive reset” feature. The preemptive reset prevents the
alarm from activating when life is detected and the driver's key fob is not
present, but will not work when the temperature reaches a dangerous level.
To activate the preemptive reset depress the reset switch before leaving
the vehicle.
o Problem: I have no need for the DFM system in my vehicle. Can I
leave the preemptive reset on permanently or completely disable the
DFM system?
o Solution: No, the DFM system disables the preemptive reset when the
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temperature reaches 90 degrees Fahrenheit or 30 degrees Fahrenheit, or
when the engine is turned on. Disabling the system should only be done
by your automotive dealer, and is strongly discouraged.
o Problem: How long will the DFM system alarm run if an emergency
is detected?
o Solution: The alarm will be activated from the moment an emergency is
detected until the reset switch is depressed. Even if the situation is no
longer harmful the alarm will continue until the reset is pressed.
o Problem: When the alarm is activated I press the reset switch to shut
it off. However, if the alarm comes back on 15 seconds later each
time. How do I fix this?
o Solution: If there is no one in the vehicle at the time the alarm activates,
the system needs to be serviced by your automotive dealer. If the alarm
was activated the first time due to an actual emergency, there was a 15
second period of time given to the driver to resolve the dangerous
situation. If the situation remains to be dangerous to the passenger(s) the
alarm will continue to activate within 15 seconds of the alarm being
pressed.
o Problem: I bring my pet with me when I drive. Do I have to worry
about the alarm system activating when I leave a pet in the vehicle?
o Solution: Yes, the DFM is not sophisticated enough to distinguish humans
from other animals. There is a high likelihood that your pet could activate
the system’s alarm. To prevent the alarm from activating you may use the
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preemptive reset feature, which will make no difference if the temperature
inside the vehicle becomes dangerous. The developers of the DFM system
strongly discourage leaving any person or animal unattended in a vehicle.
8 References
This section provides definitions and further explanations for terms used in the
document. If a term uses an acronym, it is spelled out in this section. This section is
meant to assist the reader in understanding the terminology used in this document.
Accelerometer: A device that measures the force on a sensor, primarily vibrations.
Variations in the accelerometers readings could be analyzed and find a specific
pattern such as a heart beat or motion along a spatial axis.
Accuracy: The sensors ability to determine a correct result. Not to be confused with
precision, the exactness of the sensor’s result. Such as the thermometer reads
75.001 degrees. Which is a precise value with +/- .001, but inaccurate given that
the temperature is actually 90 degrees.
Algorithm: A series of finite instructions that are given a particular order.
CO2: Carbon Dioxide, chemical combination for air that is exhaled. The change in the
air composition from low to high levels of carbon dioxide may indicate human
respiration. These sensors can be infrared gas sensors or chemical gas sensors.
CPU: Central Processing Unit, the device inside of a computer that executes machine
code (runs programs).
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DAQ: National Instruments USB-6008 or USB-6009 Data Acquisition Device, a device
that is used to send data to a computer using an external interface, usually
connected to proprietary hardware.
DFM: Don’t Forget Me, a system designed to prevent harm to humans and animals by
detecting life and high temperatures in a vehicle.
GUI: Stands for Graphical User Interface. A display on a computer that uses graphics to
display content and can allow user manipulation.
Heartbeat Sensor: A sensor that detects tiny vibrations and determines if they match the
signal of a heartbeat.
Hyperthermia: The state at which the human body is no longer able to cool down
through natural processes. The effort the body takes to reduce heat only causes
one’s temperature to rise due to the advanced state heat exposure.
Interoperability: Interoperability is the ability of diverse systems to work together
(inter-operate).
Key Fob: An item attached to a key ring or key chain, used either for decoration or to
assist the owner in the act of authentication.
LabVIEW: Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Engineering Workbench, platform and
development environment for a visual programming language created by National
Instruments. A graphical programming tool allowing for the display and
acquisition of data from a great deal of devices including external hardware.
Microcontroller: A microprocessor that is optimized for self-sufficient systems, usually
runs on low power, and does not require a complex set of hardware.
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Motion sensor: Sensor for detecting movement or motion. This sensor could use radio
frequency or changes in light to detect motion.
Pressure sensor: Sensor for detecting change in pressure.
Proprietary Hardware: A device that is designed for specific purpose and lacks generic
qualities that would allow it to be used outside of its original implementation.
Pulse Oximeter: A medical device that is used to measure oxygen saturation in one’s
bloodstream. The arterial blood vessels expand and contract with each heart beat
changing the oxygen concentration which allows the device to measure pulse rate.
Radio Frequency (RF): Any frequency within the electromagnetic spectrum associated
with radio wave propagation. When an RF current is supplied to an antenna, an
electromagnetic field is created that then is able to propagate through space. Many
wireless technologies are based on RF field propagation.
Respiration: Breathing in order to bring oxygen to the bloodstream and remove carbon
dioxide. The act of respiration reduces the amount of oxygen and increases the
amount of carbon dioxide enriched.
Sensor: Any device designed to measure conditions or ambient pressures and
temperatures. A sensor is electronic in nature and designed to send a voltage
signal to computer device.
Thermistor (Temperature sensor): A thermally sensitive resistor that produces a
difference in electrical resistance when a change in temperature occurs.
Universal Serial Bus (USB): USB is a serial bus standard to interface devices. USB is
intended by design to allow peripherals to be connected using a single
standardized interface socket and utilizing plug and play capabilities.
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Virtual instrument (VI): Is an object that represents an instrument which contains the
behaviors for which the instrument produces. A VI can be designed using
Labview software that utilizes G code. By programming the input and output
criteria as well as the logic of a LabVIEW file a virtual instrument can be created.
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