TEK 8.7
Earth Cycles
The student knows the effects
resulting from cyclical
movements of
the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
The student is expected to:
A) Model and illustrate how the tilted Earth
rotates on its axis, causing day and night,
and revolves around the Sun causing
changes in seasons.
B) Demonstrate and predict the sequence
of events in the lunar cycle.
C) Relate the position of the Moon and Sun
to their effect on ocean tides.
8.7 Vocabulary
Axis
Tilt
Seasons
Hemisphere
Rotation
Revolution
Tide
Orbit
Summer Solstice
Winter Solstice
Vernal Equinox
Autumnal
Equinox
Lunar Phase
Spring Tide
Crescent
Gibbous
Syzygy
Equator
Lunar eclipse
Solar eclipse
Neap Tide
8.7A Vocabulary
Axis
Tilt
Seasons
Hemisphere
Rotation
Revolution
Orbit
Summer Solstice
Winter Solstice
Vernal Equinox
Autumnal Equinox
Equator
Pre-AP Due Thursday 2/11
• Build a model representation that shows
how Earth’s days, years, and seasons
relate to the way Earth moves in space.
Your model must include:
• Earth and its location at each season and correct angle of
tilt.
• Must have arrows showing revolution and rotation.
• All concepts must be labeled including but not limited to: 4
seasons with proper names and hemispheres
Questions
The following questions must be answered:
1. Why do poles have longer periods of day and night?
2. Why do northern and southern hemisphere have opposite seasons?
3. What is the connection between the tilt of the Earth and different seasons vs.
just summer and winter?
4. Identify the range of dates for each season.
5. Identify and explain which seasons have the longest and shortest days.
6. Identify and explain the seasons that have equal day and night.
3 Resources must be included:
APA format
2 internet (maximum)
1 text (minimum)
Day to Night
• Watch This Day and Night
Rotation vs. Revolution
• The spinning of a
planet, moon, sun, or
other object around its
axis.
• 24 hours
• Rotates from west to
east (Counter
Clockwise)
• Reason for day and
night
• One orbit of an object
in space around
another object in
space, such as the
moon around the
Earth.
• 365 days
• Revolves
counterclockwise
• Part of the reason for
the seasons
Axis
• An imaginary line passing through the
center (from north pole to south pole)of a
planet around which the planet spins.
• Earth’s axis is tilted on its axis 23.5˚
• This tilt plays a role in amount of daylight
and darkness received and in seasons.
Rotation
Rotation
23.5˚
Polar Day
Midnight Sun
Midnight Baseball
Polar Night
Revolution
Seasons
-Caused by the tilt of the Earth and its
revolution around the sun.
-some areas of Earth experience 4 distinct
seasons (winter, spring, summer, fall)
-other areas experience consistent weather
throughout the year (poles, equator).
Revolution of the Earth
Diagram Time- Draw This
Diagram Time- Draw This
Equinoxes
Latin aequus = equal
Vernal
• March 20/21
• Beginning of Spring
nox = night
Autumnal
• September 22/23
• Beginning of Fall
Hours of daylight = hours of darkness
Solstices
Summer
Winter
• June 21/22
• December 21/22
• Beginning of Summer • Beginning of Winter
• longest day/shortest
• shortest
night
day/longest night
Seasons
Watch This
• Day and Night / Seasons
The student is expected to:
A) Model and illustrate how the tilted Earth
rotates on its axis, causing day and night,
and revolves around the Sun causing
changes in seasons.
B) Demonstrate and predict the sequence
of events in the lunar cycle.
C) Relate the position of the Moon and Sun
to their effect on ocean tides.
8.7 B Vocabulary
Lunar Phase
Crescent
Gibbous
Syzygy
Lunar eclipse
Solar eclipse
Revolution and Rotation of the
Moon
Revolution = 27.3 days
-counter clockwise
Rotation = 27.3 days
WE ALWAYS SEE THE SAME SIDE OF
THE MOON!!!!!
Lunar Phases
-Lunar phases are the result of our eyes
seeing the illuminated half of the Moon
from different viewing geometries
-cycles through in approximately 29.53 days
-each phase last 3-4 days
Waxing Phase
-the phase in which the moon becomes
more illuminated
-begins with new moon, ends with full moon
Waning Phase
-the phase in which the moon becomes less
illuminated.
Wax On, Wane Off
Crescent
-when a small slice of the moon is
illuminated
1st and 3rd Quarters
When ¼ of the moon is illuminated.
-1st quarter occurs in waxing phase
-3rd quarter occurs in waning phase
Gibbous
Gibbous- (latin “humpback”) When more
than ¼ of the moon is visible
8 Phases of the Moon
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
New moon
waxing crescent
1st quarter
waxing gibbous
Full moon
waning gibbous
3rd quarter
waning crescent
New Moon
-occurs when the Moon is between the Sun
and the Earth.
Solar Eclipse
-occurs when the Moon moves directly
between the Sun and Earth and casts
its shadow over part of the Earth. (New
Moon Phase)
Solar Eclipse
Waxing Crescent
1st Quarter
Waxing Gibbous
Full Moon
Lunar Eclipse
-occurs when the Earth’s shadow falls on
the Moon (Full Moon Phase)
3 days in between in Lunar
Phase
30 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
8 𝑚𝑜𝑜𝑛 𝑝ℎ𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑠
= about 3 days between each lunar phase
Lunar Eclipse
Waning Gibbous
3rd Quarter
Waning Crescent
DOC
D
O
C
Moonrise
-the first appearance of the Moon over the
Earth's horizon
Moonset
-the descent of the moon below the horizon
Lunar Phase Project
-Create a story explaining
the phases of the Lunar
Cycle
-Identify the phases of the
lunar cycle
-Show the phases of lunar
cycle from Earth’s
perspective
-Show the position of the
Moon, Sun, and Earth
-3 minute presentation time
Presentation ideas
-story book
-movie
-music video
-stop-motion animation
-etc, etc, etc,
Due Monday February 25th
Graded on phases,
pictures, creativity,
effort, and presentation
The student is expected to:
A) Model and illustrate how the tilted Earth
rotates on its axis, causing day and night,
and revolves around the Sun causing
changes in seasons.
B) Demonstrate and predict the sequence
of events in the lunar cycle.
C) Relate the position of the Moon and Sun
to their effect on ocean tides.
Tides
-the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the
combined effects of the gravitational
forces exerted by the Moon and the Sun
and the rotation of the Earth.
-occur 4 times a day
-every 6 hours
Spring Tides
- Occur during full moon and new moon.
- the high tides are very high and the low
tides are very low
Spring Tide
Neap Tides
-occurs during quarter moons
-results is a smaller difference between high
and low tides.
Neap Tide
High Tide vs. Low Tide
Tides Model
1 pt per Lunar Phase
1 pt per Tide
4 pt for setup
Total pts: 12
-10 for no color
Full Moon
Spring Tide
1st Quarter
Neap Tide
Earth
3rd Quarter
Neap Tide
New Moon
Spring Tide
12
100
11
92
10
83
9
75
8
67
7
58
6 Sun 50
5
42
4
33
3
25
2
17
1
8
0
0
PAP Lunar Phase Project
Children’s Book
-create a myth, fable,
comic strip explaining
the lunar cycle to a child
-Draw and label the phase
of lunar cycle
-Draw the position of the
moon, sun, and Earth
-start from new moon or
full moon
-minimum of one sentence
3D Model
-create a moving model
-include all 8 phases of
lunar cycle
-include the position of
moon, sun, and Earth
-Label phases
-start from new moon or
full moon
Due Monday February
25th