Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek and Spanish 2014 – 2018 Consultation Report April 2012 Contents 1 Executive Summary.......................................................................................................... 3 2 Summary of Key Matters Raised and Actions Taken ...................................................... 3 3 Key Stakeholder Consultation List ................................................................................... 4 4 Summary of Respondents ................................................................................................. 6 5 Analysis ............................................................................................................................ 8 2 Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek, Spanish Consultation Report 1 Executive Summary The Consultation Report for the proposed course prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Italian, Indonesian, Japanese, Modern Greek and Spanish for the 2014–2018 Higher School Certificate, presents data and findings gathered through 147 online consultation survey responses. The profile of respondents reflects a range of teaching experiences, locations, school systems, school sizes, and community and professional organisations. An analysis of qualitative and quantitative data indicated that the majority of respondents agreed that the proposed course prescriptions provided opportunities for students to engage with the theme – the individual and contemporary society. 2 Summary of Key Matters Raised and Action Taken Summary of key matters raised Summary of action taken The suitability of the proposed text for Arabic, the novel One Night in Dubai. The matter was reviewed and it was found that the text satisfied the relevant criteria. The proposed extracts set for study have been lengthened. The brevity of the proposed extracts set for study from the Chinese film, The Postmodern Life of My Aunt. The appropriateness and suitability of the proposed text for French, the film Neuilly sa mère! The suitability of the proposed text for German, the film Am Ende kommen Touristen. The suitability of the proposed text for Japanese, the film Okuribito. The matter was reviewed and it was found that the text satisfied the relevant criteria. The matter was reviewed and it was found that the text satisfied the relevant criteria. The matter was reviewed and it was found that the text satisfied the relevant criteria. The proposed extracts set for study have been shortened. The proposed prescribed issues have been reworded and made more explicit. The number of sub-issues (suggestions only) has been reduced. The matter was reviewed and it was found that the text satisfied the relevant criteria. The length of the proposed extracts set for study from the Japanese film. The breadth and depth of the proposed prescribed issues for Japanese. The appropriateness of the proposed text for Spanish, the compilation of short stories in Cinco para las nueve y otros cuentos. The use of dialect, accent and colloquial language in the proposed texts for several languages. The availability of additional suitable resources to support teachers with the study of the new course prescriptions, including related texts. The use of dialect, accent and colloquial language in the proposed texts was deemed appropriate. A resource list to accompany the new course prescriptions will be developed and published on the Board of Studies website. 3 Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek, Spanish Consultation Report 3 Key Stakeholder Consultation List Name Ms Julie Flynn Mr Ian Baker Ms Ghislaine Barbe Ms Merryl Wahlin Ms Pam Wellham Professor Martina Mollering Professor Darryl Poulsen Associate Professor Ludmila Stern Dr Roger Markwick Professor Duncan Ivison Professor Peter Morgan Dr Jeff Browitt Professor Peter Hutchings Professor Kerry Dunne Professor Gail Crossley Mr Kim Tsolakis Ms Jenny Diamond Mr Dick Shearman Ms Adelia Fuller Position Group Leader, Languages, HSIE and Health PE Director Education Policy and Programs Languages Consultant Languages Consultant Executive Officer Department of International Studies Head of School Organisation NSW Curriculum and Learning Innovation Centre, NSW Department of Education and Communities Catholic Education Commission Head of School of Languages and Linguistics Acting Head of School of Humanities and Social Science Dean Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences Acting Head of School School of Languages and Cultures Head of International Studies Head of School University of Technology Sydney Director, Language Centre Faculty of Arts The Dean,Faculty of Arts and Sciences Executive Officer General Secretary General Secretary Principal Australian Catholic University Mr Gary R M Jusuf Consul General Ms Jennifer Schroeder Ms Janelle Byrne Information Section Mr Kai Liu President Ms Cathleen Jin President Ms Karen White Assistant Director Learning Services Executive Director Executive Director Dr Bryan Cowling Mr John Oldmeadow Ms Vicki Danvers Mr Stepan Kerkyasherian AO Association of Independent Schools Association of Independent Schools NSW Secondary Principals’ Council Macquarie University School of Arts University of Newcastle Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences Humanities and Languages Secretary Professional Teachers' Council of NSW NSW Teachers Federation Independent Education Union Saturday School of Community Languages Consulate-General of the Republic of Indonesia Consulate-General of Japan Modern Languages Teachers' Association of New South Wales Chinese Language Teachers' Association of NSW Japanese Teachers' Association of NSW NSW Curriculum and Learning Innovation Centre Anglican Education Commission Uniting Church Board of Education State Executive Director Chairperson and Chief Executive Officer 4 Christian Schools Australia Limited Community Relations Commission Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek, Spanish Consultation Report Name Mr Yutaka Nakajima Organisation The Japan Foundation, Sydney Mrs Helen Walton Position Manager, Japanese Language Department President Ms Danielle Cronin Executive Director Council of Catholic School Parents Ms Anne Crabb Mr Albert Vella Executive Officer President Ms Jozefa Sobski Chairperson Mr Yair Miller Ms Kathleen Cleuet President Mr Bachir Bakhti Ms Anastasia Batagiani Dr Alessandra Bertini Malgarini Mr Saad Zakhia Dr Santiago Gonzalez Ms Gilda Stuart Consul General The Education Office NSW Parents Council Inc NSW Federation of Community Languages Schools NSW Community Languages Schools Board Jewish Board of Deputies Consulate-General of the Federal Republic of Germany Consulate-General of France Consulate-General of Greece The Director Consulate-General of Italy Consul General Counsellor (Education) Consulate-General of Lebanon Embassy of Spain President Dr Panayiotis Diamadis Mr Cesare Popoli Mr Khaled Sukkarieh Ms Kathrin Furmanek President NSW Association of French Language Teachers Australian Hellenic Educators’ Association Spanish Teachers Association of NSW Islamic Council of NSW President Chairman German Language Adviser Federation of P&C Associations of NSW The Goethe Institute 5 Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek, Spanish Consultation Report 4 Summary of Respondents Online survey respondents 147 online survey responses Sector: Government 51 Catholic 3 Community 1 Unknown 36 Independent 56 Type of School/System/Organisation: Metropolitan 57 Non-Metropolitan 8 Unknown 41 K – 12 38 7 – 12 49 11 – 12 3 Teacher 74 Head Teacher/Coordinator 22 System 1 Response from: Principal 0 School 1 Faculty 6 Organisation 12 Unknown 31 Number of people contributing to the response: 1 89 2 6 3 2 4 2 5 3 6 or more 11 Unknown 34 Language on which response is based: 6 Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek, Spanish Consultation Report Arabic 11 Chinese 8 French 50 German 16 Indonesian 5 Italian 7 Japanese 35 Modern Greek 4 Spanish 6 Unknown 5 7 Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek, Spanish Consultation Report 5 Analysis The abbreviated sources are explained as follows: T Teacher F Faculty O Organisation DEC Department of Education and Communities 5.1 Arabic Summary Response to the proposed course prescriptions for Arabic was both positive and negative. There was agreement that the proposed prescribed issues relate to the Extension course theme and that the relationship between the proposed issues and the novel can be easily identified. Consultation feedback reveals a tension between what subject matter is considered suitable within the bounds of broad community standards in Australian society and what is considered suitable by one of the Arabic-speaking communities in Australia. Feedback affirming the proposed prescriptions Feedback Source The novel is current, set in modern times and uses language that is accessible to both teachers and students of Extension level. T The story really tackles all the prescribed issues for the Extension course. It's very current, very real and students will be able to relate to it. It's also very good to get an author who is not Lebanese or Egyptian and who is from Saudi Arabia. That is a nice change. DEC The text allows students to evaluate, analyse and respond in a variety of ways and express and discuss various points of view, stereotypes and perceptions. T 8 Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek, Spanish Consultation Report Key matters raised and actions taken Key matters raised Source Action The novel is not suitable as it contains sexual references. Tx2 A small number of references in the novel have been identified as possibly ‘sexual’ in nature. The references are symbolic and, as such, lend themselves to a variety of interpretations. The references satisfy the criterion that the subject matter of the texts should be ‘within the bounds of acceptable broad community standards, ethics and morality’. The references are milder than or commensurate with the sexual references found in some of the prescribed texts for Stage 6 English courses. The novel contains discriminative racial comments. Tx1 The main character in the novel makes observations which may be viewed as reflecting cultural stereotypes, but are not racially discriminative. These observations can be used to generate valuable discussion in class and are important in providing students with an opportunity to analyse and express points of view on the stereotypes presented and on stereotyping in general. 9 Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek, Spanish Consultation Report 5.2 Chinese Summary The proposed course prescriptions for Chinese Extension received positive endorsement. There was consensus that the film was an appropriate text through which to study the prescribed issues and agreement that the prescribed issues are easily identifiable within the film. All respondents agreed that the film provides insight into the culture of Chinesespeaking communities and opportunities for students to present and discuss opinions, ideas and points of view in Chinese. Feedback affirming the proposed prescriptions Feedback Source The film is very well chosen. The level of language is suitable for Extension students, while offering an interesting plot and contemporary issues to allow for critical evaluation. T Key matters raised and actions taken Key matters raised Source Action Shanghainese dialect is used in some parts of the film, which may be difficult for students to understand. Ox1 DEC Tx1 Acknowledged. The Extension syllabus stipulates that the language of a text may include dialect, accent and colloquial features. The script and subtitles of the film will provide clarification. The extracts are too short, making it difficult to develop good questions. DEC Extracts 1, 2 and 3 have been lengthened to allow for the development of meaningful questions. 10 Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek, Spanish Consultation Report 5.3 French Summary Response to the proposed course prescriptions for French was polarised. There was agreement that the proposed prescribed issues relate to the Extension course theme and that the relationship between the proposed issues and the film can be easily identified. The majority of respondents agreed that the film provides insights into the culture of Frenchspeaking communities and opportunities for students to present and discuss opinions, ideas and points of view in French. Many respondents questioned the ability of the text to challenge Extension students and expressed concern as to the nature of the language used and its level of demand. A number of responses were received from respondents who had not viewed the film. Feedback affirming the proposed prescriptions Feedback Source The film is relevant to the youth of today, regardless of the systems they come from. It provides great insight into the different layers of French society and contemporary issues. O The level of language is sometimes raw but not overwhelming. DEC It is teenage talk and realistic. This text quite accurately reflects the different attitudes in the various social contexts. Prejudice and preference exist in all societies and our students are aware of this. It is not always pleasant and some is confronting, however students will be able to analyse and discuss openly how these attitudes have become rooted in society and why we should all be somewhat more open and tolerant towards each other to create a better world of awareness and understanding. While the film includes some colloquial language, its use is not gratuitous and is used by the wealthy Parisians as well as the youths who live in ghettos. It is a refreshing change from the somewhat grey and serious texts that our HSC students are expected to analyse, some of it way out of their realm of experience. 11 F Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek, Spanish Consultation Report Feedback affirming the proposed prescriptions Feedback Source The proposed prescribed issues will give ample scope to students to analyse and evaluate the text as a platform for discussion and reflection. The attitude of the different protagonists, the reaction of others to self and vice-versa, the non-tolerance of class and social milieu will help create an atmosphere where these deeply rooted prejudices can be explored openly. This will allow students a unique vision into the division of French social classes and the bias which exists towards each class. This film explores issues rarely openly discussed but certainly prevalent in all societies. Despite these issues being treated lightly at times, the producers are making strong comments on the difficulties facing the disadvantaged in society. This text will also allow students to compare and contrast attitudes in both Australian and French cultures. DEC Key matters raised and actions taken Key matters raised Source Action The film is a parody/caricature and presents a superficial and clichéd view of aspects of French culture and society. T x 15 Fx1 Ox1 The film is a satire on contemporary French society. The use of stereotypes and clichés is intentional and designed to encourage a deeper analysis of the issues presented in the film. The Extension syllabus stipulates the study of a range of general and specific features of texts including use of irony, satire, humour, symbolism recurrent motif, simile/metaphor, and the relationship between the director and the audience. 12 Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek, Spanish Consultation Report Key matters raised and actions taken Key matters raised Source Action The language of the film is too colloquial. There is a lot of slang and swearing in the film. The text will not enhance students’ French skills. The language is not sufficient for testing purposes, particularly for Section 1 Parts A & B of the external HSC examination. T x 13 Fx1 Ox1 Most of the language used by younger characters is colloquial. Slang is used occasionally and appropriately to the context. The contrast between the familiar language of the teenagers and formal language use by/to adults adds to the richness of linguistic expression and is representative of French society. The Extension syllabus stipulates that the language of a text may include dialect, accent and colloquial features. The language in the film is consistent with the Australian Film Classification Board’s M rating and with the language in some Stage 6 English prescribed texts. The language of the proposed extracts from the film allows for the assessment of the full range of syllabus outcomes. There is not enough depth in the film to provide sufficient challenge for the students. The aim of this comedy is merely to entertain. Tx9 Fx1 Ox1 Serious issues relating to class, prejudice, racism and relationships are explored in the film. The film provides opportunities for critical evaluation and analysis. The main character Sami is young/small compared to the other teenage characters. It is not realistic that the taller girl Marie is interested in him. Year 12 students won’t relate to the characters. Tx4 Fx1 The height of the main character is symbolic of his lower status in the society. The film has been shown to Stage 6 students in a variety of educational settings and was met with enthusiasm. The film’s political references make it dated. Tx3 Ox1 The issues explored in the film (as outlined above) remain relevant. 13 Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek, Spanish Consultation Report 5.4 German Summary Response to the proposed prescriptions for German was positive. In some instances, alternative texts were suggested but these did not meet the Board’s criteria. There was consensus that the film was an appropriate text through which to study the prescribed issues and that the prescribed issues are easily identifiable within the film. It was considered that the film provides opportunities for critical evaluation and analysis and for students to present and discuss opinions, ideas and points of view in German. Feedback affirming the proposed prescriptions Feedback Source As World War II is not the topic of the film but rather about how young people see it nowadays, and how the relationships between former enemies have changed, it is a very interesting and well-made film which gives ample opportunity for discussion and is therefore ideal for an Extension group. T The proposed prescribed issues are very relevant. T As the language of the film is not too difficult, it lends itself very well to discussing the issues rather than spending all the time on making sure the students understand the language. T 14 Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek, Spanish Consultation Report Key matters raised and actions taken Key matters raised Source Action Some themes of the film, coming to terms with the Nazi past and military/civilian service, are out-dated and therefore not as relevant to contemporary society. Tx1 Rather than ‘coming to terms with the Nazi past’, the film portrays how this past is becoming less and less a matter of personal responsibility for the younger generations of Germans. The references to compulsory service (abolished in 2011) are incidental to the wider issues. The themes of the film – WWII and the Holocaust – are too heavy. Other Extension courses have more light-hearted or uplifting films. Tx1 Although the film is located in the town of Auschwitz/Oswiecim, it is not filmed inside the complex. The film does not primarily deal with Germany’s Nazi past and the director’s treatment is subtle and sensitive throughout, consistent with the Australian Film Classification Board’s PG rating. The film is set in Poland. As such there is little about modern day Germany in the film. Tx1 Although the film is not shot on location in Germany, it portrays Germany as part of a wider European community without physical borders and with an enhanced acceptance of cultural and national diversity. The dialogue in the film is a mixture of three languages. Tx1 The use of German, Polish and English in the film reflects the multicultural nature of many societies in Europe, including Germany. There is sufficient dialogue in German for study. . 15 Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek, Spanish Consultation Report 5.5 Indonesian Summary The proposed course prescriptions for Indonesian Extension received strong endorsement. Respondents agreed that the prescribed issues are easily identified in the prescribed text and relate to the theme The Individual and Contemporary Society. The film was considered to provide opportunities for students to develop insight into the culture of Indonesian-speaking communities and contemporary issues, and for critical evaluation and analysis. The level of language demand in the film was considered appropriate and the film offers sufficient challenge and interest to meet students’ needs. Feedback affirming the proposed prescriptions Feedback Source The film is rich in opportunities for engaging with aspects of Indonesian culture. T Key matters raised and actions taken Key matters raised Source Action No matters relating to the proposed prescribed text or proposed prescribed issues were raised. 16 Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek, Spanish Consultation Report 5.6 Italian Summary Response to the proposed prescriptions for Italian was very positive. There was consensus that the film was an appropriate text through which to study the prescribed issues and that the prescribed issues are easily identifiable within the film. It was considered that the film provides opportunities for critical evaluation and analysis and for students to present and discuss opinions, ideas and points of view in Italian. Feedback affirming the proposed prescriptions Feedback Source The film provides insights into cultural and historical aspects of DEC Italy and how community attitudes and laws have changed and how the changes were brought about. There are ample opportunities for reflection and discussion in Italian. This point is made even stronger due to the fact that the film is based on a true story, which makes the issues even more relevant. The film also allows for critical evaluation and analysis of film techniques and linguistic features. The proposed issue – the power of the imagination – allows for much scope. T The proposed prescribed issues require students to reflect on contemporary society and examine how and why changes have taken place in Italy and in Australia. The proposed prescribed issues are broad enough to allow for discussion and analysis. DEC Key matters raised and actions taken Key matters raised Source Action The example of discrimination in the film is not contemporary. Tx1 This is acknowledged, however the film provides the opportunity to compare and contrast attitudinal changes that have occurred in Italian society regarding disabilities. Sometimes the Tuscan accent makes the language in the film hard to hear or understand. DEC The Extension syllabus stipulates that the language of a text may include dialect, accent and colloquial features. The script and subtitles of the film will provide clarification. 17 Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek, Spanish Consultation Report 5.7 Japanese Summary The proposed prescriptions for Japanese Extension received mixed endorsement. The majority of respondents agreed that the level of language demand in the film is appropriate and that the film provides insight into the culture of Japanese-speaking communities and opportunities for students to present and discuss opinions, ideas and points of view in Japanese. There was agreement that the film allows for critical evaluation and analysis, and that the proposed prescribed issues relate to the theme of the Extension course. Many respondents expressed concern regarding the subject matter of the film. Although the subject matter is within the bounds of acceptable, broad community ethical standards, these respondents considered that it may be too confronting for Stage 6 students and may be upsetting for individual students and teachers who had recently experienced the death of a loved one. Some respondents commented that the heavy themes of the film would not attract or interest potential Extension Japanese students. Feedback affirming the proposed prescriptions Feedback Source The film is well chosen in terms of language demand and the opportunity for critical evaluation. T This film is a courageous choice, taking the students out of their comfort zone where a lot can be learnt. T ‘Departures’ allows students to extend their knowledge and understanding of many cultural traditions and at the same time the relationships between husband/wife, father/son and worker/boss. T The film is appropriate as English prescribed texts deal with similar subject matter. DEC The three issues are excellent. They will provide wonderful scope for discussion. T There is some overlap with previous issues so some resources previously developed are still relevant and able to be used. DEC 18 Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek, Spanish Consultation Report Key matters raised and actions taken Key matters raised Source Action The themes of the film – death T x 12 and dying – and some scenes are DEC inappropriate for the age group and may be upsetting for students and teachers. While the themes of the film are for a mature audience, they are much broader than death and dying. They extend to the celebration of life, new beginnings and the importance of relationships. The content is similar to that in some of the prescribed Stage 6 English texts and is consistent with the Australian Film Classification Board’s M rating. It is considered that Stage 6 students in general have the maturity to handle such themes. Death/dying are not part of the proposed prescribed issues, and students/teachers are not required to address this. It is acknowledged that some scenes in the film may be upsetting for particular students and teachers. This film is not interesting for 17-year-olds and will not engage students in their study of Japanese. It will not encourage students to study Extension Japanese. Tx4 The film has been screened for Stage 6 students in a variety of educational settings and has received a very positive response from them. The film relates meaningfully to the theme and the proposed prescribed issues. It also allows for assessment of the syllabus outcomes. The dialect and local accents in the film are hard to understand. Tx1 All the main characters in the film use standard Japanese. The Extension syllabus stipulates that the language of a text may include dialect, accent and colloquial features. The script and subtitles of the film will provide clarification. 19 Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek, Spanish Consultation Report Key matters raised and actions taken Key matters raised Source Action The length of the prescribed extracts is excessive. Tx1 The length of the extracts have been reviewed and reduced where appropriate. The proposed extracts may be longer than the current prescribed extracts in terms of viewing time, but the transcripts are of a similar length. The proposed prescribed issues are too broad to be covered in the available time. Tx2 The proposed issues have been reviewed and amended and the suggested sub-issues have been reduced. The sub-issues are suggestions only. Some of the sub-issues are not easily identifiable under the proposed issues. Tx1 The suggested sub-issues have been reviewed and amended. 5.8 Modern Greek Summary Response to the proposed prescriptions was extremely positive. All respondents agreed on the clear link between the prescribed issues and the film. There was consensus that the film provides scope for critical evaluation and analysis and opportunities to present and discuss opinions, ideas and points of view in Modern Greek. Feedback affirming the proposed prescriptions Feedback Source The students will benefit from coming into contact with elements of this dialect from this particular part of Greece. DEC O The text is well suited to the interests of 17 – 18-year-olds and DEC allows students an opportunity to view aspects of Greek society and politics. 20 Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek, Spanish Consultation Report Key matters raised and actions taken Key matters raised Source Action Cretan dialect in the film could present difficulties for students. DEC The Extension syllabus stipulates that the language of a text may include dialect, accent and colloquial features. The script and subtitles of the film will provide clarification. 5.9 Spanish Summary The majority of respondents agreed that the proposed prescribed issues related to the theme and were easily identifiable in the proposed prescribed text, although some were unsure if the text provides insight into the culture of Spanish-speaking communities in general, or just into the culture/contemporary issues of a Spanish-speaking community in Peru. There was agreement that the level of language in the short stories is appropriate and that the stories provide opportunities for students to present and discuss opinions, ideas and points of view in Spanish. Feedback affirming the proposed prescriptions Feedback Source The language is quite accessible for Extension students and should present few problems. Students could be expected to do most of the reading in their own time, leaving class time for analysis and discussion. T The stories nearly all focus on the concerns and worries of young people, concerns that are likely to be shared in part by many students and could therefore provide excellent talking points for class discussion. T 21 Course Prescriptions for Stage 6 Extension Courses in Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Modern Greek, Spanish Consultation Report Key matters raised and actions taken Key matters raised Source Action There are a significant number of words and phrases that are not standard Spanish. Tx1 Due to the diversity of the language in the Spanish-speaking communities, there is no definition of “standard” Spanish. A glossary of Latin American terms may be required. Such glossaries are readily available online, or print resources are readily available. The stories do not seem particularly contemporary and could have been set at any time in the last 30 or 40 years. Tx2 Ox1 The issues and the way that the characters in the stories deal with the issues are relevant today. The stories explore the issues of relationships and communication – both peer and intergenerational. The social, political and cultural contexts of the stories are somewhat limited – conservative, middle-class, urban Peru. Tx1 The social, political and cultural context of the stories is not explicitly stated. This is consistent with the open-ended way in which the stories unfold. The stories lend themselves to different levels of language analysis and narrative technique such as viewpoint, characterisation and the role of the narrator. 22