Ecology
Review
Questions
Multiple Choice
The natural world that surrounds an
organism is called the organism’s:
a. energy
b. environment
c. lodgings
d. nutrients
Multiple Choice
The study of how living things interact is
called:
a. ecosystems
b. abiotic factors
c. ecology
d. the energy pyramid
Multiple Choice
The source of energy for almost all life on
Earth is:
a. fungi
b. animals
c. water
d. sunlight
Multiple Choice
An example of a biotic factor in a forest
ecosystem is:
a. waterfall
b. cliff
c. a tree
d. a rock
Multiple Choice
An ecosystem is made up of:
a. living things only
b. physical environment only
c. living things and the physical
environment
d. living things and decaying matter
Multiple Choice
In an energy pyramid, the bottom level
represents:
a. consumers
b. producers
c. scavengers
d. decomposers
Multiple Choice
An example of a consumer in a pond
ecosystem is:
a. a water lily
b. algae
c. a reed
d. a frog
Multiple Choice
Which of these food chains is in the correct
order?
a. caterpillar, cattail, frog, water snake
b. cattail, caterpillar, frog, water snake
c. water snake, frog, caterpillar, cattail
d. cattail, frog, caterpillar, water snake
Multiple Choice
Ecology is the study of how:
a. the physical environment changes
over time
b. biotic factors change over time
c. matter interacts with energy in our
environment
d. living things interact with each other
and their environment
Multiple Choice
An example of a biotic factor in a pond
ecosystem is:
a. temperature
b. water
c. fish
d. sunlight
Multiple Choice
An example of a producer is a:
a. fungus
b. caterpillar
c. bird
d. moss
Multiple Choice
Both consumers and producers are a source
of food for:
a. scavengers
b. decomposers
c. carnivores
d. herbivores
Multiple Choice
In an energy pyramid, the lowest level has:
a. less energy than the top level
b. less energy than the second level
c. more energy than the top level
d. the same amount of energy as the
second level
Multiple Choice
A scientist who studies the interactions of
plants and animals is called:
a. a physicist
b. a botanist
c. a geologist
d. an ecologist
Multiple Choice
A food chains shows:
a. one possible pathway for energy
b. many possible pathways for energy
c. the amount of energy available to a
producer
d. the amount of energy available to a
consumer
Multiple Choice
Decomposers are important to ecosystems
because they:
a. are at the highest level of the energy
pyramid
b. change simple compounds into more
complex ones
c. make nutrients available for producers to
reuse
d. convert light energy into sugars through
photosynthesis
Multiple Choice
Which of the following factors in an
ecosystem is biotic?
a. insects
b. soil
c. water
d. sunlight
Multiple Choice
Two abiotic factors that affect an ecosystem
are:
a. temperature and animals
b. plants and animals
c. water and bacteria
d. soil and water
Multiple Choice
Two examples of decomposers are:
a. fungi and bacteria
b. algae and marine mammals
c. carnivores and herbivores
d. ferns and mosses
Multiple Choice
A caterpillar eats a leaf, and a bird eats the
caterpillar. In this interaction, the bird is a:
a. producer
b. herbivore
c. primary consumer
d. secondary consumer
Multiple Choice
How is a food web model different from a food
chain?
a. In a web, energy moves from an
organism to only one other.
b. In a web, energy may move to many
organisms from one.
c. In a web, an organism gets energy from
one source.
d. In a web, an organism receives less
energy than in a chain.
Multiple Choice
When a rabbit population in a meadow
cannot grow any larger, it has reached the:
a. climax community
b. carrying capacity
c. limiting factor
d. minimum size
Multiple Choice
Which list of terms is in the correct order, from
simplest to most complex?
a. organism, community, population,
ecosystem, biome
b. organism, population, community, biome,
ecosystem
c. organism, population, community,
ecosystem, biome
d. organism, community, ecosystem,
population, biome
Multiple Choice
A population of rabbits is at its carrying
capacity when the population:
a. reproduces
b. becomes extinct
c. stops growing
d. can’t survive
Multiple Choice
An unusually cold winter causes the squirrel
population to decrease. This is an
example of temperature as a:
a. carrying capacity
b. limiting factor
c. climax community
d. pattern in space
Multiple Choice
All the living things in a meadow and the
physical environment around them make
up the meadow’s:
a. community
b. population
c. ecosystem
d. niche
Multiple Choice
A crab lives on a beach where it gets food,
shelter, and space to live. The beach is
the crab’s:
a. niche
b. community
c. habitat
d. home
Multiple Choice
All the leopard frogs in a pond make up the
pond’s leopard frog:
a. population
b. niche
c. habitat
d. ecosystem
Multiple Choice
Biodiversity is a measure of the:
a. variety of nonliving things within an
ecosystem
b. amount of resources shared by the
human population.
c. Variety of species within an
ecosystem.
d. Amount of renewable resources
within an ecosystem.
Multiple Choice
Biotic factors in an ecosystem may include:
a. bacteria, soil, and water
b. plants, animals, and bacteria
c. temperature, water, and soil
d. animals, fungi, and temperature
Multiple Choice
An animal that eats only plants is a:
a. primary consumer
b. secondary consumer
c. tertiary consumer
d. primary producer
Multiple Choice
An example of a biotic factor is:
a. soil
b. a rock
c. water
d. a tree
Multiple Choice
A snake that eats an insect-eating frog is a:
a. primary consumer
b. secondary consumer
c. tertiary consumer
d. primary producer
Multiple Choice
Which group shown in the energy
pyramid is most immediately affected
by the decomposition of other
organisms?
a. primary consumer
b. secondary consumer
c. tertiary consumer
d. primary producer
Multiple Choice
Knowing the type of food consumed by an
organism helps to identify the role of the
organism in the community. This role is
known as its_________
a nesting site
b. habitat
c. Biomass
d. niche
Multiple Choice
Which of these organisms would most likely
be found at the top of an energy
pyramid?
a. Shrimp
b. Salmon
c. Sharks
d. Seaweed
Multiple Choice
Which of these organisms would most likely
be found at the bottom of an energy
pyramid?
a. Shrimp
b. Salmon
c. Sharks
d. Seaweed
Fill in the Blank
A(n) ___________________________ is
made up of both living things and the
physical environment.
An ecosystem is made up of both living
things and the physical environment.
Fill in the Blank
__________________________ is the study
of how living things interact with each
other and their environment.
Ecology is the study of how living things
interact with each other and their
environment.
Fill in the Blank
Living things in an ecosystem are
________________________ factors.
Living things in an ecosystem are biotoic
factors.
Fill in the Blank
Nonliving things in an ecosystem are
__________________________ factors.
Nonliving things in an ecosystem are abiotic
factors.
Fill in the Blank
The __________________________ of an
environment is the maximum population
that it can support.
The carrying capacity of an environment is
the maximum population that it can
support.
True or False?
Organisms in soil are an example of abiotic
factors.
FALSE
True or False?
The amount of light available in an
ecosystem affects the types and amount
of plant life that will grow there.
TRUE
True or False?
Plants use energy to make sugars through
photosynthesis.
TRUE
True or False?
An ecosystem is composed of biotic factors.
FALSE
Biotic factors AND abiotic factors.
True or False?
In a species, the organisms’ offspring must
be able to breed.
TRUE
True or False?
The same niche in a habitat may be
occupied by more than one species.
TRUE
Matching
_____ Producer
_____Consumer
a. made up of many overlapping food chains
b. organism that converts heat or light energy
into chemical energy
_____Decomposer
c. shows how energy is lost as it is transferred
up the food chain
_____Food Chain
d. organism that gets its energy by eating
plants or animals
_____Food Web
e. shows one set of feeding relationships
between a producer and several
consumers
_____Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and
animals into simpler compounds
Matching
__B__ Producer
_____Consumer
a. made up of many overlapping food chains
b. organism that converts heat or light energy
into chemical energy
_____Decomposer
c. shows how energy is lost as it is transferred
up the food chain
_____Food Chain
d. organism that gets its energy by eating
plants or animals
_____Food Web
e. shows one set of feeding relationships
between a producer and several
consumers
_____Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and
animals into simpler compounds
A producer is an organism that converts heat or light energy into
chemical energy.
Matching
__B__ Producer
__D__ Consumer
a. made up of many overlapping food chains
b. organism that converts heat or light energy
into chemical energy
_____ Decomposer
c. shows how energy is lost as it is transferred
up the food chain
_____ Food Chain
d. organism that gets its energy by eating
plants or animals
_____ Food Web
e. shows one set of feeding relationships
between a producer and several
consumers
_____ Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and
animals into simpler compounds
A consumer is an organism that gets its energy by eating plants or
animals.
Matching
__B__ Producer
__D__ Consumer
a. made up of many overlapping food chains
b. organism that converts heat or light energy
into chemical energy
__F__ Decomposer
c. shows how energy is lost as it is transferred
up the food chain
_____ Food Chain
d. organism that gets its energy by eating
plants or animals
_____ Food Web
e. shows one set of feeding relationships
between a producer and several
consumers
_____ Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and
animals into simpler compounds
A decomposer is an organism that breaks down dead plants and
animals into simpler compounds.
Matching
__B__ Producer
__D__ Consumer
a. made up of many overlapping food chains
b. organism that converts heat or light energy
into chemical energy
__F__ Decomposer
c. shows how energy is lost as it is transferred
up the food chain
__E__ Food Chain
d. organism that gets its energy by eating
plants or animals
_____ Food Web
e. shows one set of feeding relationships
between a producer and several
consumers
_____ Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and
animals into simpler compounds
A food chain shows one set of feeding relationships between a
producer and several consumers.
.
Matching
__B__ Producer
__D__ Consumer
a. made up of many overlapping food chains
b. organism that converts heat or light energy
into chemical energy
__F__ Decomposer
c. shows how energy is lost as it is transferred
up the food chain
__E__ Food Chain
d. organism that gets its energy by eating
plants or animals
__A__ Food Web
e. shows one set of feeding relationships
between a producer and several
consumers
_____ Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and
animals into simpler compounds
A food web is made up of many overlapping food chains.
Matching
__B__ Producer
__D__ Consumer
a. made up of many overlapping food chains
b. organism that converts heat or light energy
into chemical energy
__F__ Decomposer
c. shows how energy is lost as it is transferred
up the food chain
__E__ Food Chain
d. organism that gets its energy by eating
plants or animals
__A__ Food Web
e. shows one set of feeding relationships
between a producer and several
consumers
__C__ Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and
animals into simpler compounds
An energy pyramid shows how energy is lost as it is transferred up the
food chain.
Matching
_____ It surrounds all living things
_____All living organisms need it
_____It gives Earth most of its energy
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
organism
Energy
The ocean
Environment
The Sun
Matching
__D__ It surrounds all living things
_____All living organisms need it
_____It gives Earth most of its energy
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
organism
Energy
The ocean
Environment
The Sun
Matching
__D__ It surrounds all living things
__B__All living organisms need it
_____It gives Earth most of its energy
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
organism
Energy
The ocean
Environment
The Sun
Matching
__D__ It surrounds all living things
__B__All living organisms need it
__E__It gives Earth most of its energy
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
organism
Energy
The ocean
Environment
The Sun
Matching
_____ Two organisms try to get the same thing in
a relation
_____ Two organisms benefit in a relationship
_____ The role a species fills in a habitat
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
niche
habitat
parasitism
competition
mutualism
Matching
__D__ Two organisms try to get the same thing in
a relation
_____ Two organisms benefit in a relationship
_____ The role a species fills in a habitat
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
niche
habitat
parasitism
competition
mutualism
Matching
__D__ Two organisms try to get the same thing in
a relation
__E__ Two organisms benefit in a relationship
_____ The role a species fills in a habitat
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
niche
habitat
parasitism
competition
mutualism
Matching
__D__ Two organisms try to get the same thing in
a relation
__E__ Two organisms benefit in a relationship
__A__ The role a species fills in a habitat
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
niche
habitat
parasitism
competition
mutualism
Matching
_____ A substance that degrades the environment
_____ An introduced species
_____ The variety of life in an ecosystem
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
pollution
population density
natural resource
Invasive species
biodiversity
Matching
__C__ Something from the environment that
humans use
_____ Number of people in a given area
_____ The variety of life in an ecosystem
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
pollution
population density
natural resource
Invasive species
biodiversity
Matching
C
C
__C__ Something from the environment that
humans use
__B__ Number of people in a given area
_____ The variety of life in an ecosystem
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
pollution
population density
natural resource
Invasive species
biodiversity
Matching
C Something from the environment that
____
humans use
D
____ Number of people in a given area
____
E The variety of life in an ecosystem
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
pollution
population density
natural resource
Invasive species
biodiversity
What do the arrows in the food web represent?
The flow of energy within the food web.
List two producers and three consumers in the food web.
Producers = rosebush, oak tree, grass
Consumers = deer, wolf, rabbit, squirrel caterpillar, frog,
sparrow, snake, hawk
Draw one food chain that includes the sparrow.
rose bush –> caterpillar –> sparrow -> hawk
rose bush -> caterpillar -> sparrow -> snake
oak tree -> caterpillar -> sparrow -> hawk
oak tree -> caterpillar -> sparrow -> snake
grass -> caterpillar -> sparrow -> hawk
grass -> caterpillar -> sparrow -> snake
Good Luck
on the Test!
Remember
to
Study!