CHEMISTRY STUDY QUESTIONS
Which of the bodies 12 systems creates blood cells and stores minerals?
Which of the 12 systems includes your bodily defense against invasion?
Which of the 12 systems produces much of the bodily heat?
Why is water such a good insulator, and lubricator and coolant?
What is the basic difference between positive and negative feedback?
What is the principal way in which reaction rates are controlled in an organism such as yourself?
Which major category of organic compounds serves as our bodily fuel?
Now be more specific - which sub-category or which molecule is our principal energy source?
If a substance will dissolve in water, what are some of its characteristics?
Which category of organic compounds is contractile?
The above compound is composed of a chain of _______, which are joined by ________
bonds.
Steroids are members of what category of organic compounds?
Glycogen is a chain of ________ ___________?
Which category of organic compounds consists of C, H & O?
Which of the following is the most abundant compound in an organism?
(a) water (b) hydrogen (c) protein (d) carbohydrate (e) carbon
Matching:
Electron sharing bond
Electron transfer bond
Bond due to an attraction between
a cation and an anion
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
ionic bond
nuclear bond
covalent bond
maternal bond
hydrogen bond
As the atomic number increases, so does the number of ________. (a) nuclei (b) electrons (c)
compounds (d) chemical bonds (e) molecules
Which inorganic compound have we discussed that doesn’t follow the norm in that it is not
ionically bonded? (a) acids (b) bases (c) salts (d) water (e) all inorganic compounds have
ionic bonds.
Water has many characteristics making it essential to life as we know it. These include it’s:
high heat capacity and vaporization heat; lubricating ability and use as a solvent. All of these
are due to ________. (a) it is a polar covalent molecule (b) it is hydrophobic (c) it is an
inorganic, ionically-bonded molecule (d) the unique shape of the molecule (e) it’s non-polar
nature.
Where is most of the mass of an atom found? (a) in it’s bonds (b) in the valence shell (c) in the
nucleus (d) an atom has no mass (e) orbiting the core
What type of bond is very important in tying different parts of the same molecule together into a
3-dimensional shape? (a) atomic bond (b) covalent bond (c) ionic bond (d) hydrogen bond
(e) non-polar bond
Covalent bonds are generally weaker than ionic ones. (a) True (b) False
The lower the pH, the higher the proton concentration. (a) True (b) False
The sodium cation is charged because it __________: (a) gained a proton (b) lost a proton (c)
gained an electron (d) lost an electron (e) two of the above can be right
The process of two sugars bonding into a disaccharide is an example of a __________ reaction.
(a) catabolic (b) hydrolytic (c) hemolytic (d) dehydration (e) decomposition
Matching:
Anion
Electron
Neutron
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
is negatively charged
has no charge
has a (+) or (-) charge
has a positive charge
uses master charge
Describe the concept of homeostasis. Include both feedback systems and an example of each.
If an atom loses an electron, it is said to be a/an ________.
If an atom gains an electron, it is said to be a/an ________.
The DNA helix derives its shape because of ___________ __________.
In the process of digestion, what does the body utilize in order to decrease the activation energy
involved?
C12H22O11 is considered to be:
A:
An inorganic compound
B:
Have an ionic bond
C:
An inert elementD:
An organic compound
In a glass of salt water, the salt is the ______, and the water is the _________.
Since lemon juice is 2 on the pH scale, we know it has a high concentration of:
A:
Organic compounds
B:
Anions
C:
Protons
D:
Isotopes
Why can carbon form such a variety of molecules? Be specific!
What is found in DNA that is not found in RNA?
Describe the structure of a cell membrane. Be specific!
STUDY QUESTIONS -THE CELL
1.
What do ribosomes do?
What are they made of?
Where do they get their “instructions” and in what form are they?
What “brings” them the “building blocks”?
2.
What is another name for protein synthesis?
3.
The process of creating a mRNA is called _______________________?
4.
Which cell structure(s) regulates how things get into a cell?
5.
What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis?
6.
What is the difference between active and passive transport processes?
7.
When you give someone an IV because they are dehydrated should the fluid be slightly
isotonic or hypotonic or hypertonic?
8.
Name the membrane transport method which results in secretion.
9.
What does the nucleolus do?
10.
During which stages of the cell cycle (IPMAT) would DNA be uncoiled and replicating?
11.
Compare/contrast rough and smooth ER - functions of each.
12.
Differentiate between mitosis and cytokinesis.
13.
If a piece of mRNA has this nucleotide sequence G C U A G, then what would be the
DNA sequence that it was transcribed from ?
14.
What does it mean if some one has a gene for something?
15.
The glycocalyx ___________ (a) is involved in packaging proteins for export (b) is
important in cell-to-cell interaction and recognition (c) is an important source of stored glucose
(d) is a passive membrane transport method (e) is usually either contractile or an enzyme.
16.
Which of the following processes does not require an energy expenditure? (a) diffusion
(b) osmosis (c) facilitated diffusion (d) they all do (e) none of the above do
17.
What is the difference between pinocytosis and phagocytosis? (a) one is passive, the
other active (b) one involves a liquid the other a solid (c) one is polar the other non-polar
(d) one is “into” a cell the other is “out of” (e) none of the above
18.
What does the genetic code, code for? (a) the synthesis of proteins (b) the synthesis of
polysaccharides (c) the synthesis of DNA (d) the synthesis of phospholipids (e) all of the
above
19.
The following molecules are involved in the manufacture of proteins...place them in the
correct sequence. (a) =tRNA (b) DNA (c) mRNA (d) ribosomes (a) A,B,C,D
(b) B,C,A,D (c) B,C,D,A (d) C,B,D,A (e) D,C,B,A
20.
A dehydration reaction joining two more saccharides ____. (a) creates a peptide bond
(b) releases energy (c) is anabolic (d) creates a lipid (e) is catabolic
21.
the
Integral proteins of the plasma membrane are ________. (a) hanging off the surface of
cell (b) found on the membrane’s inside surface (c) often contractile and involved in
movement (d) embedded in the lipid bilayer (e) invaders from another dimension
22.
If you put a human cell in pure water what would happen? (a) crenation (b) shrinkage
(c) swelling, maybe including bursting (d) it would lose solvents (e) nothing.
23.
MATCHING
The location of protein synthesis
The location of most ATP synthesis
The location of translation of the genetic code.
24.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
centromere
nucleus
nucleolus
ribosome
mitochondria
Where are the receptors or identification markers found?
A.
in the Cytoplasm
B.
on integral proteins
C.
there are no identification markers
D.
the glycocalyx
25.
is
If a particle enters a cell by way of an integral protein pore but uses no ATP to do so, this
known as _____________________.
26.
If the above process had used ATP in the process, it would be known as _____ ______.
27.
What causes osmotic pressure? Be specific?
28.
Matching:
Water leaving a cell:
Water entering a cell:
Equal transfer of water:
A.
B.
C.
Isotonic
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
29.
The process of a cell engulfing a solid (with the use of ATP) is called _______________.
30.
31.
An extension of the plasma and nuclear membrane is the ____________________.
Where is RNA produced?
32.
Tommy Tarleton becomes ill and goes to see Dr. Hollywood who prescribes an antibiotic
that will prevent protein synthesis in the organism causing the illness. What
could the antibiotic be affecting?