CHEMICAL REPORT
SANCHIT K. SARKER
SCC. 201. 8734
PROF: D. WILLIAMS
Jute is a greatest asset of Bangladesh
I was born in a large village in Bangladesh. Bangladesh is a very small country
located in South Asia. Jute is a greatest asset of Bangladesh. Every years Bangladesh
exports a huge amount of jute product and earns a lot of foreign currency. Jute fiber looks
golden and it earns a lot of foreign currency, therefore, we called it the golden fiber of
Bangladesh. The best fiber –jute is obtained from the bark of mainly two cultivated
species namely C. cpsularis and C. olitoris.
Jute cultivation requires specific climate and land. Jute grows in soft soil. Moist
and swampy lands are necessary for better quality jutes. Hot and moist climate is also
very important for jute cultivation. It requires sufficient rainfall. It need about 30*C-35
*C of temperature and humidity between 70%-90%. The soil must be well ploughed.
Then the farmer sows the seeds after a shower of rain. Jute plant grows eight to eleven
feet in height. It has no branches. After 100-120 days they become matured. The fiber is
produced by a method that is called retting. Retting of jute plants for extraction of fiber is
a complex biochemical process, which is one of the vital activities of fiber extraction.
Fiber quality is greatly dependent on the condition of retting. Retting takes place due to
the activity of bacteria. In this process, matured jute are cut down, tied up in bundles and
put in to the water. After few days the farmer pulls out the fibers from the bark and
washes the fiber very carefully and cleanly. Squeezing out the water. Then the fibers are
dried in the Sun and get ready for sell or their use. The annual production of jute and
allied fibers in would is approximately three million tones.
The fiber finds its use in producing as well as in consuming agricultural,
industrial, commercial, and domestic fields. Different kind of things are made from jute
such as carpets, canvas, blanket, shopping bag, briefcase, garbage bags, paper, nursery
sheets and pots, jute thread, jute string, jute rope, and even cloth. Jute fiber can be
modified by chemical treatment and adding cotton or synthetic fiber to produce home
furnishing such as curtains and tablecloths. Jute reinforced plastic can be used in
automobile parts, furniture and similar items. Paper mills use jute pulp to make the
specialty paper like cigarette paper, currency notes etc.
In early 50’s and 60’s when nylon and polythene were rarely used, Bangladesh
was earning a lot of money from jute and jute product. For centuries jute has been an
integral part of Bangladeshi culture. Eighty five percent Bangladeshi villagers are
farmers. Jute is one of the main cash corps of them. Most of them produce jute in their
field and earn money through jute for their family. Therefore, jute has a highly social
value for Bangladeshi people. On the other hand, Bangladeshi people largely accept jute
products because jute fiber is hundred percent biodegradable, recyclable, and finally it is
environment friendly. At the same time, most of Bangladeshi villager use jute products
traditionally. They make many hand made things from jute and decorate their home for
any special events. Similarly, some of our cultural cloths are made from jute. As a matter
of fact, jute is a most important crop for Bangladeshi farmers and jute contributes a great
part of Bangladeshi culture
Jute has a great economical impact in Bangladesh because jute contributes twenty
percent of the economical budget in Bangladesh economy. Every years Bangladesh
export jute and jute product to England, France, America, Germany, and Italia and earn a
lot of foreign currency, which contribute to our economy substantially. In fact,
Bangladeshi jute dominates world jute market because Bangladesh produces eighty
percent of world jute. According to the Bangladesh jute mills corporation (BJMC) the
production and export figures are as follows:
Year
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
Production (In .000MT)
Export (In .000MT)
255
236
235
246
246
249
160
220
202
223
218
217
Export earning (In
million Taka)
4620
5614
5411
5996
5668
6474
“ Adamjee jute mill” is the largest jute mill in the world is located in Bangladesh.
Three hundred thousand people work in that big mill and earn money to support their
family. There are seventy-seven jute mills in Bangladesh, which is the main earning
center for millions of Bangladeshi. As the same time they are produce jute product for the
entire world and help to develop Bangladeshi economy. Presently on average,
Bangladesh jute mill corporation product 200-250 thousand metric tons of jute goods
annually, of which almost eighty-five are exported fetching about Tk. 6000 million on an
annual basis. Similarly, jute plays a vital role on our domestic market. On an average
twenty- five percent of Bangladeshi people either directly or indirectly related to the jute.
Actually, Bangladeshi economy cannot run without jute and jute product.
Many ways jute production faced system loss. At the firm level lower prices and
poor seed quality have greatly affected the quality and quantity of jute production. A
recent study shows that the jute price in Bangladesh has decreases sharply in last five
years. It seems that jute future for Bangladeshi farmers is not blessing. Jute industry of
Bangladesh is suffering from a fall in demand world wide because the global business
community is now finding less use of jute products.
Jute is not only necessary fiber for Bangladesh. It has a great value in the world.
In our daily life we use many jute products. If we visit a village in Bangladesh during
summer we will see jute field. Villagers use jute stick as a fuel to cook their food. Jute
production is kind very old. Since it has a great value in the world market, Bangladesh
should figure out new technological way to produce enormous amount of jute.
Bangladesh should produce more and more jute because it brings a lot of foreign
currency every year. If new technology get involve in order producing jute, we could
produce more and more jute. To ensure an improving and optimistic future for our jute
scientific research should be involve in the jute production. Foreigners coming to invest
in jute sector it are good news for our jute industries. I would like to say everybody use
jute. Jute is natural fiber, versatile, durable, reusable, cheap, and superior. Use jute for
cleaner environment.
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