[Maritime Multi-hop Networks]
Document Number: C802.16gman-10/0001
Date Submitted:
2010-01-08
Source:
Dr Jaya Shankar
Institute for Infocomm Research
1 Fusionopolis Way, #21-01 Connexis (South Tower)
Singapore 138632
Dr Haiguang Wang
Institute for Infocomm Research
1 Fusionopolis Way, #21-01 Connexis (South Tower)
Singapore 138632
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+65 6408 2239
jshankar@i2r.a-star.edu.sg
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hwang@i2r.a-star.edu.sg
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Maritime Multi-hop Networks
Agenda
• Motivation
• Maritime Multi-hop Networks Use Cases and
Requirements
• Efforts in IMO and ITU
• Summary
Maritime Communication: State of Arts
• Legacy UHF and VHF radios - low
bandwidth
• Satellite system (INMARSAT’s Fleet) low BW when compared to land-based
wireless
– Up to 64 kbps of data bandwidth
per-link
• Future INMARSAT’s BGAN system
– Expected up to 492 kbps data
bandwidth.
• Cost of satellite equipment and
bandwidth will remain high due to
– Cost of Antenna stabilizers
– Cost of Launching satellites
Pressures of Improving the Speed of
Communication
•
•
•
•
eNavigation
Safety
Two way voice/data communication
Internet access
Challenges and Solution
• Characteristics of communications in maritime environment
– Node density is low.
– Distances between nodes are long.
– Difficult to deploy base station on the sea due to hostile
environment.
• Above characteristics prevents the use of single-hop cellular-based
technology
• Multi-hop wireless networks provide a good solution:
– Lowers the network deployment cost
– Extends the network coverage
Maritime Network – Use Case 1
• Topology
–
–
–
–
Internet access
Multi-hop
Fixed BS
Handoff between BS
Maritime Network – Use Case 2
• Topology
–
–
–
–
Internet Access
Multi-hop
Mobile BS
One or more node assumes the role of BS
Maritime Network – Use Case 3
• Topology
–
–
–
–
–
No Internet Access
Multi-hop
Mobile BS
Peer to peer
One or more node assumes the role of BS
Requirements
• Multi-hop capability
• Ability to source and sink data at relays
• Topology
– Multi-hop relays
– Mobile BS
• Reliability & Robustness
Efforts In IMO
• Objective:
– I2R tries to push for adoption of Maritime Multi-hop Networks using 802.16
technology
• Attended Joint IMO/ITU Experts Group on Radiocommunications on
23rd June 2009
– Presented an introductory paper on Maritime Multi-hop Networks to solve
communication needs in emerging applications such as eNavigation
– Paper tries to address WRC-12 Agenda item 1.10 which aims “to examine the
frequency allocation requirements with regard to operation of safety systems for
ships and ports and associated regulatory provisions”
– Maritime multihop networks noted by IMO and included as background info in
position statement to WRC-12 agenda item 1.10
– IMO has tasked IALA to further study the communication needs for eNavigation
• Maritime Multi-hop viewed as a potential system to provide required BW
Efforts In ITU
• Objective:
– I2R tries to introduce feasibility studies of Maritime Multi-hop Networks using
802.16 technology
– Garner support from various member states on adoption and harmonization of
the spectrum required for the system
• Attended ITU WP-5B (Maritime mobile service including Global
Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS); aeronautical mobile
service and radiodetermination service ) on 23rd Nov to Dec 4th 2009
in Geneva
– I2R and NICT submitted a working doc towards a draft new
report/recommendations on the maritime broadband wireless mesh network [3]
to the ITU WP 5B-3 Maritime Mobile Service working group.
– Received general support from key member states
– Document debated, revised and promoted to a preliminary draft new
report/recommendations
– To maintain and revise the doc further and get it approved as a Report by Nov
2010.
– I2R has also proposed some possible frequency sharing mechanism in draft
CPM text
Summary
• Efforts ongoing to push for a 802.16 based multi-hop system for
adoption in Maritime Networks
• Topology & Requirements of Maritime Multi-hop Networks appear to
be in accordance with GRIDMAN
• Propose to include Maritime Use Case in GRIDMAN
References
•
[1] Document submitted by Singapore, “Use of WiMAX Mesh networks and Digital
VHF for realizing the e-Navigation concept”, the 5th meeting of the joint IMO/ITU
Experts Group, June 23 – 25, 2009, London, Britain.
•
[2] Outcome of fifth meeting of the joint IMO/ITU Experts Group, “Scoping exercise to
establish the need for a review of the elements and procedures of the GMDSS”, the
5th meeting of the joint IMO/ITU Experts Group, June 23 – 25, 2009, London, Britain.
•
[3] Document submitted by I2R and NICT, “working document towards a draft new
report/recommendation on Maritime broadband Wireless mesh networks”, ITU WP5B
Meeting, Nov 23rd – Dec 4th, 2009, Geneva, Switzerland.
•
[4] CPM text document prepared by WP5B-3 on WRC-12 Item 1.10.