IEEE C802.16n-11/0015r3
Project
IEEE 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access Working Group <http://ieee802.org/16>
Title
A Proposal of HR-MS Direct Communication in IEEE 802.16n-GRIDMAN Network
Date
Submitted
2011-03-15
Source(s)
Ming-Tuo Zhou, Liru Lu (Alina), Xin
Zhang, HOANG Vinh Dien, Masayuki
Oodo, Hiroshi Harada
Re:
Call for contributions for the 802.16n Amendment Working Draft
Abstract
This provides a proposal of self-coexistence for interference mitigation in 802.16n networks
Purpose
To be discussed and adapted by TGn for draft 802.16n AWD
Notice
Copyright
Policy
Patent
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E-mail: mingtuo@nict.com.sg; liru@nict.com.sg;
zhangxin@nict.com.sg; hvdien@nict.com.sg;
moodo@nict.go.jp; harada@nict.go.jp
This document does not represent the agreed views of the IEEE 802.16 Working Group or any of its subgroups. It
represents only the views of the participants listed in the “Source(s)” field above. It is offered as a basis for
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IEEE C802.16n-11/0015r3
A Proposal of HR-MS Direct Communication in IEEE 802.16n-GRIDMAN Network
Ming-Tuo Zhou, Liru Lu (Alina), Xin Zhang, Masayuki Oodo, Hiroshi Harada
NICT
1 Introduction
HR-MS shall provide direct communication, i.e., the origination and termination of the data are at the HR-MS.
This document presents proposal of facilities to support HR-MS direct communication in IEEE GRIDMAN
network, including Direct Communication Zone, procedures, messages, and scheduling methods.
2 HR-MS to HR-MS Direct Communication
2.1
HR-MS communication within same cell and between cells
Figure 1 Illustration of direct communication of HR-MSs in IEEE 802.16n-GRIDMAN networks.
Figure 1 illustrates HR-MS to HR-MS direct communication. HR-MS to HR-MS direct communication is not
limited among HR-MSs of a same cell. In this proposal, when the HR-MSs involved are from different cells and
they are one-hop away neighbors, direct communication between them is also possible.
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2.2
Hops of HR-MS Direct Communication
HR-BS
HRMS-A
HRRS-A
HRMS-B
HRMS-C
HR-BS
HRMS-A
HRRS-B
HRRS-A
HRRS-B
HRHRMS-D
HR-MS-C
MS-B (forwarding user data
and control signaling)
HRMS-D
(a)
(b)
Figure 2 Example of one-hop and two-hop HR-MS to HR-MS direct communication.
In SRD of IEEE 802.16n-GRIDMAN, HR-MS direct communication is specified in Section 6.1.3.1 [1]:
“2.1.1.1 MS to MS Direct Communication
HR-MS shall provide direct communication i.e. the origination and termination of the data are at the HR-MS. Association
establishment procedure of an HR-MS to another HR-MS shall be supported.
2.1.1.1.1 Single hop
HR-MS shall support communication of user data and control signaling between an HR-MS and one or more HR-MSs
that are 1-hop away.
2.1.1.1.1 Two-hop
HR-MS shall support forwarding of user data and control signaling between an HR-MS and one or more HR-MSs.”
Based on the above specifications, HR-MS to HR-MS direct communication (HR-MS DC) is categorized into
one-hop HR-MS DC and two-hop HR-MS DC, as shown in Fig. 2.
In one-hop HR-MS DC, an HR-MS transmits or receives data packets to or from another HR-MS (or more than
one HR-MS) directly, without relaying on or passing through other stations.
Two-hop HR-MS DC is that an HR-MS communicate with another HR-MS (or more HR-MSs) by user data and
control signaling forwarding provided by a middle HR-MS.
2.3
Network topology of HR-MS direct communication
HR-MS direct communication can happen in case of the HR-network has infrastructure stations as well as has
no infrastructure stations.
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IEEE C802.16n-11/0015r3
HR-BS
HRMS-A
HRRS-A
HRMS-B
HRMS-C
HRRS-B
HRMS-D
HR-MS
(a)
(b)
Figure 3 Example of HR-MS to HR-MS direct communication (a) with and (b) without
infrastructure stations.
2.4
Scheduling of HR-MS direct communication
2.4.1 Direct Communication Zone
A DCZ is a space of continuous subchannels along frequency and continuous symbols along time in a frame
allocated for HR-MS direct communication [2].
DCZ is for priority transmission of HR-MS direct communication for purpose of QoS provision and mitigating
transmit/receive transition time of HR-MSs. Its size is not fixed but can be configured dynamically.
When an HR-network has no infrastructure stations, a DCZ can occupy all of the frame space.
HR-MS direct communication has higher priority being scheduled in a DCZ than downlink and uplink
communication for purpose to provide QoS support of HR-MS direct communication.
An HR-MS DC can be scheduled in space other than DCZ (like normal uplink and downlink communication
space) if the current DCZ is occupied by other HR-MS DC.
2.4.2 Scheduling Schemes
An HR-MS DC can be scheduled in two ways: centralized scheduling and distributed scheduling. In centralized
scheduling, an HR-BS schedules the HR-MS DC transmission. In distributed scheduling, HR-MSs involved in
the direct communication and their neighbors schedule the transmission in a distributed manner.
2.3.2.1 Centralized Scheduling
Centralized scheduling of HR-MS DC is performed by HR-BS.
Centralized scheduling can be used for one-hop and two-hop HR-MS DC transmission. For two-hop HR-MS
DC, in centralized scheduling, an HR-BS can assign resources for the first hop and second hop HR-MS DC by a
single action. Through this way, delay in resource assignment for two-hop HR-MS DC can be saved compared
to assign resource step by step.
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DCCS (Direct Communication Centralized Scheduling) message is used for resource request. As shown in Fig.
4, DCCS: Request is sent by requester HR-MS and is delivered to HR-BS.
HR-BS collects bandwidth request of HR-MSs in the cell and grants resource accordingly. DC-MAP message is
used to deliver resource granted for HR-MS DC. DC-MAP message should be delivered to HR-MS stations
involved in the related direct communication. The grant can be acknowledged if needed.
The transmission of DCCS message is scheduled in UL subframe by HR-BS.
Figure 4 Procedure of centralized scheduling.
2.3.2.1 Distributed Scheduling
In Distributed Scheduling, an HR-MS DC is scheduled by the data-source HR-MS, data-destination HR-MS,
HR-MSs and HR-RSs in one-hop communication range.
Distributed Scheduling is only used to schedule one-hop HR-MS DC in Direct Communication Zone.
Distributed Scheduling can be used in HR-MS direct communication with or without infrastructure.
A three-way handshaking procedure (Request, Grant, Grant Acknowledgement) is used in Distributed
Scheduling.
One-hop
Neighbor(s)
HR-MS
Requester
DCDS:
Request
DCDS:
Request
Time
DCDS:
Grant
DCDS:
Grant Ack
One-hop
Neighbor(s)
HR-MS
Granter
DCDS:
Grant
DCDS:
Grant Ack
DCDS: Report
HR-BS
Figure 5 Illustration of three-way handshake procedure of Distributed Scheduling in wireless network.
Three-way handshake procedure is shown in Fig. 5. DCDS (Direct Communication Distributed Scheduling)
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IEEE C802.16n-11/0015r3
message is used in three-way handshake procedure in Distributed Scheduling.
As shown in Fig. 5, DCDS: Request is sent by HR-MS requester. DCDS: Grant is sent by HR-MS granter and
replies a subset of the suggested resource to fit the Request if possible. DCDS: Grant ACK is sent by the
original HR-MS requester and contains the granted resource to confirm the schedule. One-hop neighbors of
requester and granter are informed the schedule by either DCDS: Grant or DCDS: Grant Ack.
In case of there is an HR-BS in the cell, the transmission of DCDS messages is centralized scheduled by the
HR-BS. In case that there is no HR-BS, the transmission of DCDS messages is distributed scheduled by HRMSs.
In case of there is a HR-BS, the resource allocation is reported to the HR-BS by DCDS: Report. Upon reception
of DCDS: Report, an HR-BS is aware of the resource allocation and will not assign the same resource to other
stations if no appropriate mechanism is adopted to resolve the issue of co-channel interference.
2.5
Direct Communication MAP Message
The Direct Communication MAP (DC-MAP) message is to signal resource assignment and other control
information for HR-MS to HR-MS direct communication when the cell has HR-BS. The resource assignment is
not limited in Direct Communication Zone since HR-MS to HR-MS direct communication is not limited to be
scheduled in Direct Communication Zone.
2.6
HR-MS DC between HR-MSs from Different Cells
HR-MSs from different cells that are one-hop away is possible to communicate directly.
2.6.1 Handover Solution
If a HR-MS needs to communicate with HR-MS(s) of another cell, a direct way is the HR-MS handover and
associate with the other cell’s HR-BS (as shown in Fig. 6). After handover, it can start direct communicate
within HR-MSs in that cell by using the protocol of HR-MS DC in the same cell. When finish direct
communication, the HR-MS handover back to its original cell.
Fig. 6 Procedurel of handover solution for communication between HR-MSs from different cells.
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2.6.2 Self-coexistence Solution
If multiple nearby cells operate on a same frequency channel, and self-coexistence mechanism of fame sharing
is applied, HR-MS DC between MSs from different cells can be addressed by a self-coexistence solution.
Self-coexistence mechanism of fame sharing is that multiple nearby cells operate in different frames in time
domain on the same frequency channel as illustrated in Fig. 7. Self-coexistence beacons are transmitted among
cells in specified Self-coexistence Zone [2]. Transmission of self-coexistence beacons among different cells is
scheduled by Self-coexistence mechanism [3]. Nearby cells can exchange control information by exchanging
self-coexistence beacons.
superframe (N frames)
...
SF0
SF1
SF2
...
SF3
N Frames
F0
F1
F2
Frames
exclusively
assigned to cell 1
F3
F4
F5
F6
F7
frame
Frames
exclusively
assigned to cell 2
F8
…...
…...
FN-2
FN-1
Frames
exclusively
assigned to cell M
Figure 7 Illustration of frame sharing among nearby multiple cells in cellular wireless network.
As shown in Fig. 8, in this case (of sharing different frames on same frequency channel), if an HR-MS needs to
communicate with HR-MS(s) of another cell, it sends resource request to the destination HR-MSs of the other
cell via transmission of self-coexistence beacons. Upon receiving resource request message carried in selfcoexistence beacon from a one-hop neighbor of another cell, an HR-MS reports this request to its HR-BS and
the resource is centralized allocated. The resource within frames that are assigned to the cell of the destination
HR-MS is granted to the requester HR-MS. This source grant is delivered to the request HR-MS via selfcoexistence beacon.
Figure 8 Basic procedure for direct communication of HR-MSs from different cells based on self-coexistence.
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3 Text Proposal for IEEE 802.16n AWD
--------------Start of Proposed Text -------------------------------------------------------------------16.2.30 Direct communication between HR-MSs
HR-MS direct communication can happen in case of the HR-network has infrastructure stations as well as has
no infrastructure stations.
HR-MS direct communication is not limited among HR-MSs of a same cell.
HR-MS direct communication (HR-MS DC) is categorized into one-hop HR-MS DC and two-hop HR-MS DC.
In one-hop HR-MS DC, an HR-MS transmits or receives data packets to or from another HR-MS (or more than
one HR-MS) directly. In two-hop HR-MS DC, an HR-MS communicate with another HR-MS (or more HRMSs) by user data and control signaling forwarding provided by a middle HR-MS.
HR-MS direct communication has priority to be scheduled in direct communication zone for QoS provision and
mitigating transmit/receive transition time of HR-MSs. It also can be scheduled out of direct communication
zone when the present direct communication zone is occupied by other HR-MS direct communications with
same or higher priority.
An HR-MS DC can be scheduled in two ways: centralized scheduling and distributed scheduling. In centralized
scheduling, an HR-BS schedules the HR-MS DC transmission. In distributed scheduling, HR-MSs involved in
the direct communication and their neighbors schedule the transmission in a distributed manner. A three-way
handshaking procedure (Request, Grant, Grant Acknowledgement) is used in Distributed Scheduling.
The Direct Communication MAP (DC-MAP) message is to signal resource assignment and other control
information for HR-MS direct communication if it is under control of infrastructure stations.
Both one-hop and two-hop HR-MS DC can be scheduled by centralized scheduling that is controlled by an HRBS.
For direct communication between HR-MSs from different cells, a direct way is the source HR-MS handover
and associate with the other cell’s HR-BS. After handover, it can start direct communicate within HR-MSs in
that cell by using the protocol of HR-MS DC in the same cell. When finish direct communication, the HR-MS
handover back to its original cell.
If multiple nearby cells operate on a same frequency channel, and self-coexistence mechanism of fame sharing
is applied, direct communication between HR-MSs from different cells can be addressed by a self-coexistence
solution, where resource grant and grant are negotiated by self-coexistence beacons.
--------------End of Proposed Text --------------------------------------------------------------------8
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Reference
[1] 802.16n System Requirements Document including SARM annex, IEEE 802.16n-10/0048
[2] Ming-Tuo Zhou, Liru Lu (Alina), Xin Zhang, Masayuki Oodo, Hiroshi Harada, A Proposal of Frame
Structure for 802.16n-GRIDMAN Networks, IEEE C802.16n-11/0013r2
[3] Ming-Tuo Zhou, Xin Zhang, Liru Lu (Alina), Masayuki Oodo, Hiroshi Harada, A Proposal of SelfCoexistence Mechanism for 802.16n-GRIDMAN Stations, IEEE C802.16n-11/0014r2
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