Biology
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6-1 A Changing Landscape
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6-1 A Changing Landscape
Earth as an Island
Earth as an Island
All organisms on Earth share a limited resource
base and depend on it for their long-term survival.
To protect these resources, we need to understand
how humans interact with the biosphere.
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6-1 A Changing Landscape
Human Activities
What types of human activities can affect
the biosphere?
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6-1 A Changing Landscape
Human Activities
Some human activities that affect the
biosphere include:
• hunting and gathering
• agriculture
• industry
• urban development
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6-1 A Changing Landscape
Agriculture
The Green Revolution
The green revolution was an effort in the midtwentieth century to increase global food
production through modern plant breeding and
agricultural techniques.
Over the last 50 years, the green revolution has
helped world food production double.
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6-1 A Changing Landscape
Agriculture
Challenges for the Future
While increasing world food supplies, modern
agriculture has created ecological challenges. For
example:
• Monoculture leads to problems with insect
pests and diseases.
• Finding enough water for irrigation is difficult.
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6-1 A Changing Landscape
Industrial Growth and Urban
Development
Industrial Growth and Urban Development
Human society and its impact on the biosphere
were transformed by the Industrial Revolution,
which added machines and factories to civilization.
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6-1 A Changing Landscape
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6-1 A Changing Landscape
Industrial Growth and Urban
Development
The energy to power machinery comes mostly
from fossil fuels—coal, oil, and natural gas.
Suburban growth consumes farmland and stresses
native plants and animals.
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6-1
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Today, the most important source of
environmental change on the planet is
a. the green revolution.
b. wild plants.
c. humans.
d. abiotic factors.
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The practice of planting a single crop in the
same place year after year is called
a. uniculture.
b. monoculture.
c. the green revolution.
d. plant breeding.
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One problem with modern agriculture is that
a. chemical fertilizers don’t work.
b. chemical pesticides can damage beneficial
insects.
c. it has decreased world food production.
d. new varieties of plants require little water.
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One impact of early hunting and gathering
groups in North America might have been
a. changing the climate from very cold to much
warmer.
b. the elimination of forests.
c. a mass extinction of large mammals about
12,000 years ago.
d. the development of large civilizations in
Central and South America.
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Most of the energy for industry comes from
a. the sun.
b. nuclear power plants.
c. moving water.
d. fossil fuels.
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