Practice Exercises Chapter 23* (other book)
1.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Match the following:
Community ___ the smallest unit of living things
Abiotic
___ interacting groups of different species
Biotic
___ nonliving as opposed to living
Ecosystem ___ all interacting living things in an area and their
Interactions with their environment
e. Population ___ groups of living things of the same species.
f. Organism ___ study of interaction of living things and their
environments.
g. ecology
___ living as opposed to nonliving
2. Identify the following, indicate the trophic level, if applicable, consumer level, or producer, if
applicable, and give an example of each:
a. Eat other animals that eat plants ______________ ____ ___ ________________
b. Eat only plants _____________________ ____ ___ ___________________
c. Get their energy from the Sun H2Oand CO2 ____________ ____ ____ ______________
d. Eat either other animals or plants _____________ _____ ____ ___________
e. Eat other animals that eat other animals _____________ _____ ____ ______________
3. . Give two examples of decomposers
a.___________________ b._____________________
4. Approximately how much of the energy that is acquired by consumers is kept rather than
dissipated into the atmosphere? _______ In what form is the energy dissipated into the
atmosphere?_____________
5. Match the following:
a. desert
___ long severe winters, short, cool, summers, no trees
b. temperate rainforest
___ much rain, fertile soils, mild temperatures.
c. temperate deciduous forest
___ pronounced rainy and dry seasons, trees lose
leaves
d. savannah
___ evergreen trees, long cold winters, abundant rainfall
e. grasslands
___ high temperatures, daily rain, lots of plant species
f. tropical rainforest
___ scarce trees, little rainfall
g. boreal forest or taiga
___ very dry, with scarce or irregular rainfall, hot or cold, little
vegetation
h. tundra
___ tropical, pronounced rainy and dry seasons, very few
trees
6. For each of the types of climates a-g, match a location on Earth where the climate is
experienced. Choose the best answer for each.
____ Siberia ____ North Africa ____ Brazil ____ Eastern US ____ Southern Canada
____ Oregon ____ Western US (not coastal) ____ Africa
7 . The carbon cycle includes the input of ________ and _______ into plants, and the input of
_______ and _______ into animals. The outputs are reversed in each.
8. What four types of organisms are involved in the nitrogen cycle?
a._________________________
b._________________________
c._________________________
d._________________________
9. Match the following:
a. More reproductive age
____ negative growth
b. More post reproductive age
____ future positive growth
c. More pre reproductive age
____ future positive growth
10. Give an example of a country which is experiencing each of the following situation as far as
population growth:
a. Negative growth______________ b. Slow growth ________________
c. Rapid growth _________________
11. When organisms first inhabit an area there is a ____ phase where there is not much growth
occurring. During the _________________________ phase natality is high and mortality is low
because the population is young. Once there is an increase in mortality and a decrease in
natality the ______________________ occurs. The maximum population that an area can
support is called _________________.
12. The maximum population that an area can support can be increased by:
a.______________________
b.______________________
c.______________________
Answers:
1. f, a, b, d, e, g, c
2. a. primary carnivores, third, secondary, lions b. herbivores, second, primary, cows
c. plants, first, producers, oak tree d. omnivores, second and third, primary, secondary, tertiary,
humans e. secondary carnivores, fourth, tertiary, hawk
3. bacteria and fungi 4. 10%, heat
5. h, b, c, g, f, e, a, d 6. h, a, f, c, g, b, e, d
7. CO2 and H2O Glucose and O2
8. bacteria, plants, animals, decomposers
9. b, c, a 10. Germany, US, Kenya
11. lag, exponential growth phase, stable equilibrium phase
12. removal of diseases, improvement of agricultural methods, displacement of other species